CN109496484B - Method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials - Google Patents
Method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496484B CN109496484B CN201811555065.7A CN201811555065A CN109496484B CN 109496484 B CN109496484 B CN 109496484B CN 201811555065 A CN201811555065 A CN 201811555065A CN 109496484 B CN109496484 B CN 109496484B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improvement method of soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials, which relates to the technical field of soil improvement and is mainly used for solving the problem that the targeted fertilizer application in different areas is needed due to different fertilizers needed to be applied in different areas in large-area soil, and the method mainly comprises the following main steps: s1, surveying the site of the land to be improved; s2, sampling soil; s3, analyzing the soil sample obtained in the S2, and determining each fertility index of the soil sample; s4, determining a target value P and a buffer value B of each fertility index of the soil needing to be improved; s5, obtaining a deviation value D of the fertility indexes, and obtaining an average correction value Dm of each fertility index; s6, obtaining the fertility index deviation value Dp of each parameter of the soil blocks which are not sampled; s7, dividing the soil blocks into a first type soil block and a second type soil block; and S8, applying fertilizer by taking the average correction value of the fertility index Dm as a standard for the first-class soil blocks and the D or Dp value of the second-class soil blocks as a standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
Background
The soil improvement refers to a series of technical measures for removing or preventing adverse factors influencing crop growth and causing soil degradation, improving soil properties, improving soil fertility and creating good soil environmental conditions for crops by applying theories and technologies of multiple subjects such as soil science, biology, ecology and the like. The basic measures comprise: improving soil water conservancy, such as establishing irrigation and drainage projects, adjusting underground water level, improving soil moisture condition, and removing and preventing swampiness and salinization; soil engineering improvement, such as applying engineering measures of land leveling, terrace building, flood diversion, silt overflowing and the like to improve soil conditions; improving soil biology, namely increasing soil organic matters to improve soil fertility by applying various biological ways (such as planting green manure), or building a protection forest to prevent water and soil loss and the like; soil cultivation improvement, namely improving soil conditions by improving a cultivation method; chemical improvement of soil, such as application of chemical fertilizers and various soil conditioners, and the like, for improving soil fertility, improving soil structure, eliminating soil pollution, and the like.
In the planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, most of growers plant the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in a large scale, and the utilization rate and the renovation rate of each land are very high, so how to improve the soil between the planting gaps of the two traditional Chinese medicinal materials and enable the fertility of the soil to quickly and accurately meet the requirement of the next batch of planted traditional Chinese medicinal materials becomes an important link in the planting of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials, which can be used for pertinently providing a method for improving fertilizer applied by regions according to different fertilizers required to be applied by different regions in large-area soil.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprises the following steps:
s1, field investigation of the land to be improved: firstly, surveying a land parcel needing to be improved, wherein the land parcel comprises the type of soil, the type of crops planted before, the available irrigation water condition around, the condition of an approach road and the like;
s2, soil sampling: partitioning the undisturbed soil, partitioning the intact soil into a plurality of regular partitions, numbering the partitions of each soil, picking a plurality of the partitions, and respectively sampling the section and the surface of the soil for each partition;
s3, analyzing the soil sample obtained in the S2, and determining the pH value, the exchangeable potassium content, the exchangeable calcium content, the exchangeable magnesium content, the available phosphorus content, the available boron content, the available zinc content, the available copper content, the sulfate ion content, the bicarbonate ion content and the carbonate ion content of the soil sample;
s4, determining a target value P of each fertility index of soil needing to be improved according to the requirement of crops to be planted in the next step of the soil, and determining a buffer value B aiming at the target value of the fertility index according to the previous planting experience;
s5, subtracting the target value P of the fertility index from the parameters of the soil sample measured in S3 to obtain a deviation value D of the fertility index, and averaging the deviation values D of the fertility indexes of the samples measured by a plurality of soil blocks to obtain an average correction value Dm of the fertility indexes;
s6, estimating each fertility index deviation value of each soil block divided in S2 by a space interpolation method, measuring the fertility index deviation value Dp of each parameter of the soil block which is not sampled, taking the deviation values D1, D2 and D3 of the fertility indexes of three soil block samples nearest to the soil block when measuring the Dp of the soil block which is not sampled, and correspondingly estimating the obtained fertility index deviation value of the soil block
S7, calculating the difference between Dm and the D or Dp value of each divided soil block, if the calculated difference is smaller than B, dividing the soil block into a first type of soil block, and if the calculated difference is larger than B, dividing the soil block into a second type of soil block;
s8, applying fertilizer according to the average correction value of the fertility index Dm of the soil blocks of the first type, and applying fertilizer according to the D or Dp value of the soil blocks of the second type.
Further, when soil sampling is performed in S2, at least 5 points per mu of land are sampled on average, and the number of soil blocks sampled per soil block is greater than 30% of the number of divided soil blocks.
Further, in the step S6, when Dp is measured for the soil blocks not sampled, deviation values D1, D2 and D3 of fertility indexes of three soil block samples nearest to the soil blocks are taken, and the fertility index deviation values of the soil blocks are correspondingly estimated
Further, when the fertilizer is applied in S8, the method includes the following steps:
s81, deeply ploughing the soil to be improved by using a soil turning machine, and controlling the deep ploughing depth of the soil to be 20-40 cm;
s82, blending the improvement composition according to respective Dm, D or Dp values of the first-class soil block and the second-class soil block, and uniformly mixing the improvement composition with the scarified soil by using a soil deep ploughing machine;
and S83, irrigating the improved soil, and then covering the surface layer of the soil with an organic material, wherein the organic material is one or a mixture of peat soil and biological manure.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by the method of sampling soil in blocks and performing spatial interpolation on the soil blocks which are not sampled, various indexes of the fertilizer required to be applied to different soil blocks are obtained, so that the fertilizer can be applied in a targeted manner;
2. the buffer value is set, and the applied soil fertilizer deviation can not generate great influence on the growth of crops in the buffer value range, so that the fertilizer amount of the average correction value can be uniformly applied to the soil block area with small fertilizer deviation, and the fertilizer application effect is met while the workload is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprises the following steps:
s1, field investigation of the land to be improved: firstly, surveying a land parcel needing to be improved, wherein the land parcel comprises the type of soil, the type of crops planted before, the available irrigation water condition around, the condition of an approach road and the like;
s2, soil sampling: partitioning undisturbed soil, partitioning the intact soil into a plurality of regular partitions, numbering the partitions of each soil, picking a plurality of the partitions, respectively sampling the cross section and the surface of the soil for each partition, averagely taking at least 5 points per mu of land, wherein the number of the soil blocks sampled by each soil block is more than 30% of the number of the partitioned soil blocks, in the embodiment, the soil blocks are divided into 45 partitions in 5 mu of the area of the soil blocks, and 15 of the soil blocks are extracted as samples;
s3, analyzing the soil sample obtained in the S2, and determining the pH value, the exchangeable potassium content, the exchangeable calcium content, the exchangeable magnesium content, the available phosphorus content, the available boron content, the available zinc content, the available copper content, the sulfate ion content, the bicarbonate ion content and the carbonate ion content of the soil sample;
s4, determining a target value P of each fertility index of soil needing to be improved according to the requirement of crops to be planted in the next step of the soil, and determining a buffer value B aiming at the target value of the fertility index according to the previous planting experience;
s5, subtracting the target value P of the fertility index from the parameters of the soil sample measured in S3 to obtain a deviation value D of the fertility index, and averaging the deviation values D of the fertility indexes of the samples measured by a plurality of soil blocks to obtain an average correction value Dm of the fertility indexes;
s6, estimating each fertility index deviation value of each soil block divided in S2 by a space interpolation method, and measuring the fertility index deviation value Dp of each parameter of the soil block which is not sampled;
s7, calculating the difference between Dm and the D or Dp value of each divided soil block, if the calculated difference is smaller than B, dividing the soil block into a first type of soil block, and if the calculated difference is larger than B, dividing the soil block into a second type of soil block;
s8, applying fertilizer according to the average correction value of the fertility index Dm of the soil blocks of the first type, applying fertilizer according to the D or Dp value of the soil blocks of the second type, and applying fertilizer, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s81, deeply ploughing the soil to be improved by using a soil turning machine, and controlling the deep ploughing depth of the soil to be 20-40 cm;
s82, blending the improvement composition according to respective Dm, D or Dp values of the first-class soil block and the second-class soil block, and uniformly mixing the improvement composition with the scarified soil by using a soil deep ploughing machine;
and S83, irrigating the improved soil, and then covering the surface layer of the soil with an organic material, wherein the organic material is one or a mixture of peat soil and biological manure.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, field investigation of the land to be improved: firstly, surveying a land parcel needing to be improved, wherein the land parcel comprises the type of soil, the type of crops planted before, the available irrigation water condition around, the condition of an approach road and the like;
s2, soil sampling: partitioning the undisturbed soil, partitioning the intact soil into a plurality of regular partitions, numbering the partitions of each soil, picking a plurality of the partitions, and respectively sampling the section and the surface of the soil for each partition;
s3, analyzing the soil sample obtained in the S2, and determining the pH value, the exchangeable potassium content, the exchangeable calcium content, the exchangeable magnesium content, the available phosphorus content, the available boron content, the available zinc content, the available copper content, the sulfate ion content, the bicarbonate ion content and the carbonate ion content of the soil sample;
s4, determining a target value P of each fertility index of soil needing to be improved according to the requirement of crops to be planted in the next step of the soil, and determining a buffer value B aiming at the target value of the fertility index according to the previous planting experience;
s5, subtracting the target value P of the fertility index from the parameters of the soil sample measured in S3 to obtain a deviation value D of the fertility index, and averaging the deviation values D of the fertility indexes of the samples measured by a plurality of soil blocks to obtain an average correction value Dm of the fertility indexes;
s6, estimating each fertility index deviation value of each soil block divided in S2 by a space interpolation method, and measuring the fertility index deviation value Dp of each parameter of the soil block which is not sampled;
s7, calculating the difference between Dm and the D or Dp value of each divided soil block, if the calculated difference is smaller than B, dividing the soil block into a first type of soil block, and if the calculated difference is larger than B, dividing the soil block into a second type of soil block;
s8, applying fertilizer according to the average correction value of the fertility index Dm of the soil blocks of the first type, and applying fertilizer according to the D or Dp value of the soil blocks of the second type.
2. The method for improving the soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when soil sampling is performed in S2, at least 5 points are averagely taken per mu of land, and the number of soil blocks sampled per soil block is more than 30% of the number of divided soil blocks.
3. The traditional Chinese medicine of claim 1The method for improving soil for planting timber is characterized by comprising the following steps: in S6, when Dp is measured for the soil blocks not sampled, deviation values D1, D2 and D3 of fertility indexes of three soil block samples nearest to the soil blocks are taken, and the deviation values of the fertility indexes of the soil blocks are correspondingly obtained through estimation
4. The method for improving soil for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer is applied in S8, the method comprises the following steps:
s81, deeply ploughing the soil to be improved by using a soil turning machine, and controlling the deep ploughing depth of the soil to be 20-40 cm;
s82, blending the improvement composition according to respective Dm, D or Dp values of the first-class soil block and the second-class soil block, and uniformly mixing the improvement composition with the scarified soil by using a soil deep ploughing machine;
and S83, irrigating the improved soil, and then covering the surface layer of the soil with an organic material, wherein the organic material is one or a mixture of peat soil and biological manure.
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| CN104429209B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of soil improvement method before cane planting |
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Denomination of invention: A kind of improvement method of soil for planting Chinese medicinal materials Effective date of registration: 20220905 Granted publication date: 20211221 Pledgee: Jiangsu Zhengfu Chinese Herbal Medicine Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: NANTONG YUFUYUAN PHARMACEUTICAL Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022320000513 |