CN109487547A - 一种非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺，包括微乳处理液的制备和微乳液处理两步骤。该非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺采用含有氢氧化钠的有机反应体系对羊毛纤维进行改性处理，由于减少了水以及水中小分子物质对于羊毛纤维皮质层的渗透作用，在微水状态下对羊毛表面鳞片进行剥离，可减少改性处理对纤维内部的损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及羊毛改性技术领域，具体涉及一种非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺。
背景技术
羊毛表面鳞片的改性研究中，氯化改性处理是现行工业大生产中有效且广泛应用的一种方法，氯化处理即是用氯化剂的强氧化性氧化切断羊毛表面鳞片角质层中的二硫键、肽键，当改性程度仅限于羊毛表面角质层时就能达到即不损伤羊毛又能剥除鳞片的效果，羊毛的毡缩、起球问题也相应得到解决。现行工业大生产运用氯化处理效果虽然好，但是氯化处理以及后道清洗也需大量用水，产生的废水处理难度大，处理成本高，氯化处理还会产生可吸附有机卤素化合物，很难被环境、生物降解，会对水体和土壤中的动植物产生污染，同时被人类吸收了在体内聚积很难被排出体外，对人体生理机能产生破坏，引诱疾病。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的缺陷，提供一种非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺，利用有机溶剂形成微乳处理液，在微乳处理液中添加氢氧化钠对羊毛进行改性处理，所得有机废水可经由分液、精馏等充分回收，符合环保生产的要求。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：一种非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：微乳处理液的制备，将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和醇类助表面活性剂加入到十甲基环五硅氧烷中，振荡或者超声直至混合液体呈透明状，并静置20～40min，向上述混合液体中缓慢加入浓度为8～12g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，氢氧化钠溶液的添加量与混合液体的体积比为1：（20～25）；
S2：按照1：（25～40）的浴比将羊毛纤维浸渍于S1所得微乳处理液中，加热至40～50℃保温处理50～100min，取出羊毛纤维，充分清洗晾干。
优选的技术方案为，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和助表面活性剂正辛醇的质量比为1:（2～4），混合液体中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂的浓度为0.7～1g/L。
优选的技术方案为，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂为选自脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物磺酸盐和脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚羧酸中一种或两种以上的组合。
优选的技术方案为，醇类助表面活性剂为选自正辛醇、异辛醇和环己醇中的一种或两种以上的组合。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于：
该非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺采用含有氢氧化钠的有机反应体系对羊毛纤维进行改性处理，由于减少了水以及水中小分子物质对于羊毛纤维皮质层的渗透作用，在微水状态下对羊毛表面鳞片进行剥离，可减少改性处理对纤维内部的损伤。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
实施例1非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺包括以下步骤：
S1：微乳处理液的制备，将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和醇类助表面活性剂加入到十甲基环五硅氧烷中，振荡或者超声直至混合液体呈透明状，并静置20min，向上述混合液体中缓慢加入浓度为12g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，氢氧化钠溶液的添加量与混合液体的体积比为1：20；
S2：按照1： 40的浴比将羊毛纤维浸渍于S1所得微乳处理液中，加热至40℃保温处理100min，取出羊毛纤维，充分清洗晾干。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和助表面活性剂正辛醇的质量比为1:2，混合液体中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂的浓度为1g/L。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠。
醇类助表面活性剂为正辛醇。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的区别在于：
S1：静置40min，向上述混合液体中缓慢加入浓度为8g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，氢氧化钠溶液的添加量与混合液体的体积比为1： 25；
S2：按照1：25的浴比将羊毛纤维浸渍于S1所得微乳处理液中，加热至50℃保温处理50min，取出羊毛纤维，充分清洗晾干。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和助表面活性剂正辛醇的质量比为1: 4，混合液体中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂的浓度为0.7g/L。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂为脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物磺酸盐。
醇类助表面活性剂为异辛醇。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例2的区别在于，
S1：静置30min，向上述混合液体中缓慢加入浓度为10g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，氢氧化钠溶液的添加量与混合液体的体积比为1：22；
S2：按照1：32的浴比将羊毛纤维浸渍于S1所得微乳处理液中，加热至45℃保温处理75min，取出羊毛纤维，充分清洗晾干。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和助表面活性剂正辛醇的质量比为1:3，混合液体中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂的浓度为0.85g/L。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂为脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚羧酸。
醇类助表面活性剂为环己醇。
对比例
对比例为未经处理的羊毛纤维。
与对比例相比，实施例羊毛纤维的强力较小，鳞片层均受到破坏，实施例2中的羊毛纤维中内部损伤略明显，实施例1和实施例3的内部损伤较小。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：微乳处理液的制备，将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和醇类助表面活性剂加入到十甲基环五硅氧烷中，振荡或者超声直至混合液体呈透明状，并静置20～40min，向上述混合液体中缓慢加入浓度为8～12g/L的氢氧化钠溶液，氢氧化钠溶液的添加量与混合液体的体积比为1：（20～25）；
S2：按照1：（25～40）的浴比将羊毛纤维浸渍于S1所得微乳处理液中，加热至40～50℃保温处理50～100min，取出羊毛纤维，充分清洗晾干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺，其特征在于，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂和助表面活性剂正辛醇的质量比为1:（2～4），混合液体中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂的浓度为0.7～1g/L。
3.根据权利要求1所述的非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺，其特征在于，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂为选自脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物磺酸盐和脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚羧酸中一种或两种以上的组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的非氯体系的羊毛表面改性工艺，其特征在于，醇类助表面活性剂为选自正辛醇、异辛醇和环己醇中的一种或两种以上的组合。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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