CN109370601A - Soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/06—Coniferophyta [gymnosperms], e.g. cypress
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/46—Stemonaceae [Stemona family], e.g. croomia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Botany (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses soil conditioners and preparation method and application.Soil conditioner provided by the present invention is mainly made of mass ratio of 1:6 herbal component and ore composition;The herbal component includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5~8 parts of gingko, 1~3 part and 4~8 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona;The ore composition includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5~8 parts of zeolite, 1~3 part of gypsum rubrum, and 2~5 parts of calamine, 1~2 part of green chlorite schist, 2~3 parts of blue stone, 1~2 part of alum, 3~5 parts of rock phosphate in powder, 4~9 parts of potassium feldspar, 1~2 part and 1~2 part of mirabilite of saltcake.Soil conditioner provided by the present invention can increase Trace Elements in Soil content, improvement soil hardening, reduce the content of mycotoxin in soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement field more particularly to soil conditioners and the preparation method and application thereof.
Background technique
In recent years, as the rural activity mode of China's extensive style and excessive agriculture chemical are applied, lead to China's soil
Environment is greatly destroyed, and layer goes out not such as the problems such as soil fertility decline, soil hardening, the salinization of soil and heavy metal pollution
Thoroughly.In order to improve soil quality, the physics, chemistry and biological nature of lean soil are improved, the sustainable development of anthropogenic soil is promoted
Exhibition, application soil conditioner is the approach being widely used at present.However, existing soil conditioner has numerous deficiencies, specifically: 1)
The effective component of existing soil conditioner is more single, cannot effectively improve the physicochemical property of soil;2) existing soil improvement
Agent easily causes soil hardening mainly using charcoal or agricultural stalk as matrix, deteriorates soil quality;3) existing soil conditioner master
It to be directed to the soil improvement of certain specific crop, the popularity used is insufficient.Meanwhile the heavy metal in soil, mycotoxin are equal
It is the harmful substance for influencing plant growth and development and being detrimental to health.Once the content of beary metal in plant is excessive or mould
Verticillium toxin is exceeded, will generate huge damage to eater's human health.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up the deficiency in the above field, the present invention, which provides one kind, can increase Trace Elements in Soil content, conditioned soil
Earth is hardened, reduces the soil conditioner of content and preparation method thereof of mycotoxin in soil.
The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
One purpose of invention is to provide a kind of soil conditioner.
Soil conditioner provided by the present invention is mainly made of mass ratio of 1:6 herbal component and mine formula component;Institute
State the raw material that herbal component includes following parts by weight: 5~8 parts of gingko, 1~3 part of the tuber of stemona and 4~8 parts of sweet wormwood;The ore group
Raw material of the subpackage containing following parts by weight: 5~8 parts of zeolite, 1~3 part of gypsum rubrum, 2~5 parts of calamine, 1~2 part of green chlorite schist, blue stone
2~3 parts, 1~2 part of alum, 3~5 parts of rock phosphate in powder, 4~9 parts of potassium feldspar, 1~2 part and 1~2 part of mirabilite of saltcake.
Herbal component includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of gingko, 2 parts and 6 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona.
The ore composition includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of zeolite, 2 parts of gypsum rubrum, and 3 parts of calamine, green chlorite schist
1.5 parts, 2.5 parts of blue stone, 1.5 parts of alum, 4 parts of rock phosphate in powder, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 1.5 parts and 1.5 parts of mirabilite of saltcake.
The herbal component is in terms of the weight after drying, and crushed after being dried is at 100-200 mesh powder.
The ore composition is in terms of the weight after drying, and crushed after being dried is at 100-200 mesh powder.
The preparation method of soil conditioner comprising the steps of:
(1) gingko, the tuber of stemona and sweet wormwood crush after drying and obtain the herbal component;
(2) rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar are crushed, carries out flotation, be enriched with P elements and potassium element, obtained ore group 1 are simultaneously ground
At powder;By zeolite, gypsum rubrum, calamine, green chlorite schist, blue stone, alum, saltcake and mirabilite clay into power, and obtains ore group 2;
The powder of ore group 1 and ore group 2 is mixed to get the ore composition;
(3) by herbal component that the step (1) obtains and the ore composition that step (2) obtains mix to get
To the soil conditioner.
The herbal component is ground into 100-200 mesh powder.
The ore composition is ground into 100-200 mesh powder.
The soil conditioner also belongs to protection scope of the present invention in the application improved in soil quality.
Gingko has antifungi, Escherichia coli, corynebacterium diphtheriae, staphylococcus, tubercle bacillus, streptococcic effect.Exosper
Alcohols intermediate is 81% to the inhibition effective percentage of 22 kinds of clinical common causative fungies;The exosper extract of ginkgo is to apple charcoal
The inhibiting rate of 11 kinds of phytopathogens such as subcutaneous ulcer disease is up to 88%~100%;To control rate in silk flosssilk wadding gold looper 3 days up to 100%, while can
Prevent and treat the pests such as tetranychid, black peach aphid, striped rice borer;Meanwhile the tuber of stemona also plays the role of expelling parasite, has inhibiting effect to insect pest;Sweet wormwood, a side
Face anti-schistosome, spray testis fluke, on the other hand there is resisting pathogenic microbes effect.
Rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar phosphorus rich in, potassium element, zeolite, gypsum rubrum, calamine, green chlorite schist, blue stone are white
Alum, saltcake and mirabilite have the function of restraining and sterilizing bacteria, while cellular is presented in the above ingredient mostly, have very big surface
Product, in soil heavy metal and mycotoxin have the function of absorption and removal.
Since mould easily breeds in the soil, the mycotoxin contained in soil, mycotoxin refers to that mould is dirty in its institute
The toxic metabolic products generated in the food of dye, they can be entered in humans and animals body by feed or food, caused people and moved
The acute or chronic toxicity of object, damages liver, kidney, nerve fiber, hematopoietic tissue and skin histology of body etc..It is of the invention public
The soil conditioner opened can effectively remove the mycotoxin in soil.
Carrying out flotation to rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar is the phosphorus and potassium element in order to be enriched in the two, the soil produced made
Modifying agent has certain fertilizer efficiency, is more advantageous to the growth and development of plant, in addition potassium ion is also helped due to being monovalent ion
Improve soil hardening situation.
The rotten of Chinese medicinal plant itself also generates organic matter and fertilizer.
Soil conditioner provided by the invention has following effects:
(1) Chinese herbal medicine soil conditioner primary raw material zeolite strong adsorption force, zeolite main component are aluminosilicate, are had more
Permeability and huge surface area can adsorb the heavy metal element in soil, so that the heavy metal element in soil significantly reduces, simultaneously
Porous structure can also store oxygen, and the growth of the root of plant also be unable to do without oxygen;
(2) soil conditioner is nontoxic to object, agriculturally using have detoxification, to mycotoxin have compared with
Strong absorption Scavenging activity, absorption clearance rate is 98%, and medicinal herb components also have anthelmintic action;
(3) diseases and pests of agronomic crop incidence can effectively reduce using such soil additive of the invention, improve crops
Yield and quality improve soil texture, alleviate soil hardening, increase the soil organism, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various microelements and contain
Amount.
Specific embodiment
Raw material sources:
Gingko is purchased from Bozhou cold-scarce medicinal material wholesale;The tuber of stemona, sweet wormwood are purchased from Meizhou City Shang Shanruoshui Chinese medicine Co., Ltd.
Green chlorite schist, calamine, gypsum rubrum, alum, blue stone sell Co., Ltd purchased from Hui nationality's Nine-Dragon Wall;Zeolite, potassium
Feldspar is purchased from Lingshou County Ze En mineral products processing factory;Saltcake is purchased from Shouguang City Ding Hao Trade Co., Ltd.;Mirabilite is purchased from Meizhou City
Shang Shanruoshui Chinese medicine Co., Ltd;Rock phosphate in powder is purchased from Jinan Hao Shuo Chemical Co., Ltd..
Embodiment 1, soil conditioner I and preparation method thereof
Prepare soil conditioner I:
The soil conditioner that the present embodiment is prepared is made of mass ratio of the herbal component and ore composition of 1:6;
Herbal component includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of gingko, 1 part and 4 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona;Ore composition includes following weight
The raw material of part: 5 parts of zeolite, 1 part of gypsum rubrum, 2 parts of calamine, 1 part of green chlorite schist, 2 parts of blue stone, 1 part of alum, 3 parts of rock phosphate in powder, potassium is long
4 parts of stone, 1 part and 1 part of mirabilite of saltcake.
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
(1) it is crushed after gingko, the tuber of stemona and sweet wormwood dry and obtains the herbal component;Herbal component is ground into 100-
200 mesh powders;
(2) rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar are crushed, carries out flotation, be enriched with P elements and potassium element, obtained ore group 1 are simultaneously ground
At powder;By zeolite, gypsum rubrum, calamine, green chlorite schist, blue stone, alum, saltcake and mirabilite clay into power, and obtains ore group 2;
The powder of ore group 1 and ore group 2 is mixed to get ore composition;Ore composition is ground into 100~200 mesh powders;
(3) by herbal component that the step (1) obtains and the ore composition that step (2) obtains mix to get
To the soil conditioner I.
Embodiment 2: soil conditioner II
Prepare soil conditioner II:
The soil conditioner that the present embodiment is prepared is made of mass ratio of the herbal component and ore composition of 1:6;
Herbal component includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 8 parts of gingko, 3 parts and 8 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona;Ore composition includes following weight
The raw material of part: 8 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of gypsum rubrum, 5 parts of calamine, 2 parts of green chlorite schist, 3 parts of blue stone, 2 parts of alum, 5 parts of rock phosphate in powder, potassium is long
9 parts of stone, 2 parts and 2 parts of mirabilite of saltcake.
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
(1) it is crushed after gingko, the tuber of stemona, sweet wormwood dry and obtains the herbal component;Herbal component is ground into 100-
200 mesh powders;
(2) rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar are crushed, carries out flotation, be enriched with P elements and potassium element, obtained ore group 1 are simultaneously ground
At powder;By zeolite, gypsum rubrum, calamine, green chlorite schist, blue stone, alum, saltcake and mirabilite clay into power, and obtains ore group 2;
The powder of ore group 1 and ore group 2 is mixed to get ore composition;Ore composition is ground into 100~200 mesh powders;
(3) by herbal component that the step (1) obtains and the ore composition that step (2) obtains mix to get
To the soil conditioner II.
Embodiment 3, soil conditioner III
Prepare soil conditioner III:
The soil conditioner that the present embodiment is prepared, the herbal component and mineral component system for being 1:6 by mass ratio
At;Herbal component includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of gingko, 2 parts and 6 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona;Ore composition includes following weight
The raw material of amount part: 6 parts of zeolite, 2 parts of gypsum rubrum, 3 parts of calamine, 1.5 parts of green chlorite schist, 2.5 parts of blue stone, 1.5 parts of alum, rock phosphate in powder
4 parts, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 1.5 parts and 1.5 parts of mirabilite of saltcake.
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
(1) it is crushed after gingko, the tuber of stemona and sweet wormwood dry and obtains the herbal component;Herbal component is ground into 100-
200 mesh powders;
(2) rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar are crushed, carries out flotation, be enriched with P elements and potassium element, obtained ore group 1 are simultaneously ground
At powder;By zeolite, gypsum rubrum, calamine, green chlorite schist, blue stone, alum, saltcake and mirabilite clay into power, and obtains ore group 2;
The powder of ore group 1 and ore group 2 is mixed to get the ore composition;Ore composition is ground into the powder of 100~200 mesh
End;
(3) by herbal component that the step (1) obtains and the ore composition that step (2) obtains mix to get
To the soil conditioner III.
Embodiment 4, soil conditioner IV
Prepare soil conditioner IV:
The soil conditioner that the present embodiment is prepared, the herbal component and mineral component system for being 1:6 by mass ratio
At;Herbal component includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of gingko, 1 part and 4 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona;Ore composition includes following weight
The raw material of amount part: 8 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of gypsum rubrum, 5 parts of calamine, 2 parts of green chlorite schist, 3 parts of blue stone, 2 parts of alum, 5 parts of rock phosphate in powder, potassium
9 parts of feldspar, 2 parts and 2 parts of mirabilite of saltcake.
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
(1) it is crushed after gingko, the tuber of stemona and sweet wormwood dry and obtains the herbal component;Herbal component is ground into 100-
200 mesh powders;
(2) rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar are crushed, carries out flotation, be enriched with P elements and potassium element, obtained ore group 1 are simultaneously ground
At powder;By zeolite, gypsum rubrum, calamine, green chlorite schist, blue stone, alum, saltcake and mirabilite clay into power, and obtains ore group 2;
The powder of ore group 1 and ore group 2 is mixed to get the ore composition;Ore composition is ground into the powder of 100~200 mesh
End;
(3) by herbal component that the step (1) obtains and the ore composition that step (2) obtains mix to get
To the soil conditioner IV.
Experimental example 1: soil organic matter content measurement
1, experimental field and test material
Experimental field: choosing Zaozhuang City development zone and develop one mu of new soil naturally;
Test material: soil conditioner described in the embodiment of the present invention 1~4;
2, experimental design
Experimental field prepare: 5 pieces experimental field will be averagely divided into, respectively label 1,2,3,4 and 5, wherein 1~4 applies respectively
The soil conditioner of Examples 1 to 4, dosage are 75kg/ mus, and 5 ground are control, and 1~No. 5 agricultural machine of ploughing in ground is turned over once
Ground is tested after 30 days;
3, the measurement of soil physico-chemical property
Sampling: every piece of ground chooses 3 points and plugs notice plate sampling, and modifying agent uses the soil sample of rear soil sample and control respectively,
Test the content of organic matter, porosity test, N, P, K content measuring.
(1) test of the content of organic matter
Method: being tested according to the soil organism measuring method of GB 9834-88, and results are averaged for each group, has
Machine matter content is as shown in table 1, it is shown that after having used the soil conditioner of Examples 1 to 4, the content of organic matter of soil is aobvious
It writes and increases, illustrate that the soil conditioner of Examples 1 to 4 plays the role of significantly increasing the soil organism.
1 soil organic matter content table of table
(2) porosity is tested
The measurement of the soil weight and total porosity is carried out with core cutter method, the results are shown in Table 2, illustrates using embodiment
After 1~4 soil conditioner, the bulk density of soil significantly reduces and porosity significantly increases, and illustrates the soil of Examples 1 to 4
Modifying agent plays the role of apparent chesson.
2 soil weight of table and porosity table
(3) content of soil N, P, K
Soil N content measuring method: alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method;P in soil content assaying method: sodium bicarbonate method;Soil K is containing measurement
Determine method: tetraphenylboron sodium extraction method;Test result is as shown in table 3;Illustrate the soil conditioner for having used Examples 1 to 4 it
Afterwards, N, P, K content of soil significantly increase, and illustrate that the soil conditioner of Examples 1 to 4 has apparent effect.
Influence of 3 soil conditioner of table to N, P, K
Experimental example 2: the experiment of mycotoxin is removed
Instrument: Shenzhen's sweet smell analyzer device Manufacturing Co., Ltd CSY-JAZ mycotoxin fast detector
Fresh soil is taken, is divided into two groups, the soil conditioner mixing that the embodiment 1 that mass fraction is 10% is added in A group is equal
It is even, after 72h, the aflatoxin of two parts of soil, zearalenone and vomitoxin are detected, B group is control group, what is not
Add, as a result such as table 3.
The experimental result of the removing mycotoxin of table 4
As shown in Table 4, each mycotoxin content of B group is significantly higher than A group, to typical mycotoxin aflatoxin,
The clearance rate of zearalenone and vomitoxin can reach 50~80% or so, it was demonstrated that soil improvement disclosed in embodiment 1
Agent can effectively remove the mycotoxin that soil contains.
The soil conditioner that embodiment 2-4 is provided has the similar elimination effect to mycotoxin, zearalenone
50~80% or so can be reached with the clearance rate of vomitoxin.
Claims (9)
1. soil conditioner, which is characterized in that be mainly made of mass ratio of 1:6 herbal component and ore composition;In described
Herbal ingredients include the raw material of following parts by weight: 5~8 parts of gingko, 1~3 part and 4~8 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona;The ore composition packet
Raw material containing following parts by weight: 5~8 parts of zeolite, 1~3 part of gypsum rubrum, 2~5 parts of calamine, 1~2 part of green chlorite schist, blue stone 2~3
Part, 1~2 part of alum, 3~5 parts of rock phosphate in powder, 4~9 parts of potassium feldspar, 1~2 part and 1~2 part of mirabilite of saltcake.
2. soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the herbal component includes following parts by weight
Raw material: 6 parts of gingko, 2 parts and 6 parts of sweet wormwood of the tuber of stemona.
3. soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ore composition includes the original of following parts by weight
Material: 6 parts of zeolite, 2 parts of gypsum rubrum, 3 parts of calamine, 1.5 parts of green chlorite schist, 2.5 parts of blue stone, 1.5 parts of alum, 4 parts of rock phosphate in powder, potassium is long
6 parts of stone, 1.5 parts and 1.5 parts of mirabilite of saltcake.
4. soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the herbal component is with the weight after drying
Meter, crushed after being dried is at 100-200 mesh powder.
5. soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ore composition in terms of the weight after drying,
Crushed after being dried is at 100-200 mesh powder.
6. the preparation method of any soil conditioner of claim 1-5 comprising the steps of:
(1) gingko, the tuber of stemona and sweet wormwood crush after drying and obtain the herbal component;
(2) rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar are crushed, carries out flotation, be enriched with P elements and potassium element, obtained ore group 1 and grinds
End;By zeolite, gypsum rubrum, calamine, green chlorite schist, blue stone, alum, saltcake and mirabilite clay into power, and obtains ore group 2;By mine
The powder of stone group 1 and ore group 2 is mixed to get the ore composition;
(3) herbal component that the step (1) obtains and the ore composition that step (2) obtains are mixed to get to institute
State soil conditioner.
7. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the herbal component is ground into
100-200 mesh powder.
8. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the ore composition is ground into
100-200 mesh powder.
9. soil conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 is improving the application in soil quality.
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