CN1093372C - Monohybrid corn developing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for breeding a corn single cross hybrid, which comprises the inbred line breeding of a male parent and a female parent, optimum period sowing assembly and period arrangement and is suitable for taking a plurality of measures, such as density comparison, manual decontamination, optimum period tasseling and spatial separation. A shen 137 bred inbred line is used as the female parent, a shen 2805 inbred line is used as the male parent, and a No. 13 shen single cross hybrid is made. The present invention has the characteristics of certain plasticity in a growth season, strong disease resistance, wide adaptability and good stability, antireversion force, quality and marketability.

Description

A kind of selection of corn single cross hybrid

Technical field: the present invention is the selection of a kind of corn inbred line and single cross hybrid, belongs to sub-crop hybrid superiority and utilizes the field.

Background technology: the corn hybrid advantage is very remarkable.The selection of corn inbred line generally has second cycle line method, recurrent selection, backcross transformation, population improvement, directly utilizes 12 kinds of methods such as kind, gene engineering, and utilize the second cycle line method to select good inbred line is that a kind of theory and practice is in conjunction with best breeding method, it is with clearly defined objective, directly carry out comprehensive improvement from mingling the pluses and minuses that are at two, utilize its advantage, selection has the excellent genes type and phenotypic plant selfing is preserved, and identify by the test cross assembly and the height of its coordinate force finally can directly apply to production.

Corn half-blood producing method for seed generally has application, the single cross production of hybrid seeds, the double cross production of hybrid seeds, three of male sterile line to hand over several methods such as the production of hybrid seeds, and the single cross production of hybrid seeds has output height, instant effect, advantages such as cost is low, the production of hybrid seeds cycle short, be not easy to mix suit to apply in the vast rural area of China.

Summary of the invention: the present invention is a kind of selection of corn single cross hybrid, and the selection of its basic material comprises the seed selection of male parent, maternal inbred line, assembly, proper seeding and arrange the phase, and suitable row is density when, and artificial impurity elimination, optimum period, taken out measures such as hero, distance isolation; Seed selection inbred line Shen 137 is maternal, and inbred line Shen 2805 is mixed with single cross hybrid Shen Dan No. 13 in (No. 9708, former code name Shen) for male parent.

The seed selection of father, maternal inbred line is meant with second cycle line method seed selection father, maternal inbred line Shen 137 with generation backcross breeding method seed selection male parent inbred line Shen 2805, breeds through inbreeding of more generation to form.

Assembly is meant Shen 137 and Shen 2805 through repeatedly preparing the test cross combination separately in a large number, and finally definite is female parent with Shen 137, and inbred line Shen 2805 is the formulated single cross hybrid of male parent.

Proper seeding and arrange the sowing at the beginning of 4 the end of month to 5 month that is Shen 137 of index futures female parent, male parent Shen 2805 was than maternal late sowing 7-10 days.

Suitable row when density is meant the father: female 1: 5, density was planted 4500 strains for mu.

Artificial impurity elimination is meant the assorted strain that loose powder is removed father, female parent in earlier stage in vegetative period.

Optimum period take out hero and be meant after maternal tassel exposes last a slice leaf not loose powder before, remove maternal tassel.

Distance isolation is meant that the hybrid seeding distance isolation does not have other maize cultures more than the multiplication fields insulating space 500m of father, maternal inbred line more than 300m.

Main breed Shendan No.7 of using in the corn single cross hybrid Shen Dan that the present invention is mixed with said method No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) and the present production number or Yedan No.13 number are compared, and following advantage are arranged: 1, certain plasticity arranged breeding time

Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) is emerged to ripe about 132 days in areas of Shenyang, and is number basic identical with Shendan No.7 and Yedan No.13, moves reduction in the life period with latitude south, and performance is different in various places.In 110 days breeding times of Cheng County, Gansu Province, single No. 2 ripe phases in being equivalent to; In 100 days live breeding times of Yanqing County, Hebei summer, than Yedan No.13 number Zao 2-3 days.Therefore Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) has strengthened adaptability to the different ecological type area undoubtedly from the ripe phase.2, disease resistance is strong

Show according to field observation in 1997,1998: No. 13 (No. 9708, former Shen) high Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College helminthosporium maydis of Shen Dan, bacterial wilt, Cercospora leaf spot, head smut also have certain disease tolerance to graywall and virus disease.Academy of agricultural sciences, Dandong City in 1997 identifies 1 grade of graywall (natural occurrence result), Liaoning Province in the same year Huludao City grey leaf spot disease of maize, short mosaic disease viral disease and Curvularia lunata tikka take place in a large number, cause corn to drop in production over a large area even have no harvest, and Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) has outstanding performance, and three kinds of new diseases are all had stronger resistance.(seeing table 1 for details) 3, wide adaptability, yield stability are good

By the preliminary experiment of the agrotechnical station 3-4 of Liaoning Province, regional test and production test find out that 1997 than Shendan No.7 number volume increase 22%, 619.8 kilograms of average yield per mus; Occupy first, overall merit was better than second in Yedan No.13 number volume increase 11.5% residence in 1998.Participated in national regional test in 1999 and in Liaoning, ground such as Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Jilin, Gansu carry out large tracts of land and produce demonstration, have outstanding performance.

According to the participate in the experiment stability of combination of 1997-1998 Liaoning Province corn regional test and national corn preliminary experiment in 1998, adaptability and yielding ability analysis, No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) output height of Shen Dan, stability parameter are little, show that it can adapt to various environment, particularly relatively poor environmental condition is the kind of a stable high yield.(seeing table 2 for details) 4, strong stress resistance-drought resisting, waterlogging-resistant, high temperature resistant

Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) has experienced high temperature in 1997, the test of dry year, areas of Shenyang corn pollination in 1997, the continuous state of weather that was in high temperature, no rain more than 30 ℃ in 40 days of pustulation period, Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) is solid normal, empty bar rate is low, it is not obvious that 100-grain weight descends, after August 20 typhoon, and many kinds performance early ageing, and Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) still keeps verdure, has showed stronger resistance.Planted experimentally in the indivedual depression of Shenyang City's Dongling District in 1998, No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) resistances to overhead flooding injury of Shen Dan are equivalent to No. 1115, high oil, not early ageing, protect green degree well, at points such as Tianjin, Hebei identical reflection is also arranged.5, best in quality, commodity good

Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) belongs to assorted the producing of high-grade maize and plants, and seed is glossy to be glassy yellow, and size evenly, unit weight is high, commodity good, meets national commodity food purchase 1-2 grade standard.Therefore, it is all good no matter to eat blue or green fringe or maize flour food food flavor.Plant still keeps more greenery during the seed results, also is the good feed of feeding ox.6, yield component

Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former Shen) belongs to large-spike cultivar, its fruit ear length, thicker, and thousand kernel weight is high and stable, and plant type compactness, plant height, fringe position suit, even, the empty bar of fruit ear is few, can give full play to individual and colony's yield potential.(seeing table 3 for details)

The subordinate list explanation

No. 13 disease-resistant qualification results of table 1 Shen Dan gather.

No. 13 output performances in provincial test of table 2 Shen Dan.

Embodiment

Introduce specific embodiments of the invention below in detail:

1, parental source and feature

(1) female parent is Shen 137

The source: U.S. hybrid 6JK111 forms through the inbreeding of more generation seed selection.The parental inbred line that contains tropical germplasm has been expanded original crossing pattern.Make and have certain plasticity breeding time.

Feature: seedling leaf sheath darkviolet, the purple edge of leaf look dark green band, growing way is strong, become strain plant height 170cm, fringe position 70cm, the about 14-18 of tassel branch, the filigree green, number of blade 22-23 sheet, the long 17cm of fruit ear, thick 3.8cm, 12 row, seed glassy yellow semihard grain type, cob white, the heavy 350g of white grain has stronger disease resistance and disease tolerance.In 130 days breeding times of areas of Shenyang.

(2) male parent is Shen 2805

The source: (340 * Zheng 32) * 340 form through selfed breeding.

Feature: seedling leaf sheath aubergine, dark green leaf color becomes strain 19-20 sheet leaf, plant height 158cm, fringe position 55cm, the tassel branch amount is about 11, the filigree green, the long 13cm of fruit ear, 4.5cm slightly, 18-20 is capable, yellow half horse flute profile seed, cob white.High Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College helminthosporium maydis, head smut, bacterial wilt.In 123 days breeding times of areas of Shenyang.

2, No. 13 (No. 9708, former code name Shen) features of crossbreed Shen Dan

Shen Dan No. 13 (No. 9708, former Shen) belongs to late-maturing corn hybrid seed in the yellow half horse flute profiles, 127 days breeding times of areas of Shenyang.It is fast that this crossbreed sends out seedling, and arch soil nature is strong, growing way strong, seedling leaf sheath aubergine, dark green leaf color becomes strain blade 20-23, the filigree green, plant height 254cm, fringe position 110cm, spike length 26cm, 16-18 is capable, 100-grain weight 39-42g, good grain quality, resistant to lodging, anti-corn northern and southern leaf blight, graywall, plan eye spot, the bar maturation of living.

3, corn single cross hybrid breeding technique

(1) breeding of inbred line breeder's stock

Father, maternal inbred line all must be carried out the artificial bagging breeding in former farming, selfing is carried out in strictness or sisters hand over, and reach more than 98% with the purity that guarantees the parent.

(2) parent breeds

The inbred line breeder's stock is bred (isolation distance is more than the 500m) by the wind spontaneous pollination in isolated area.

(3) hybrid seeding

(more than the isolation distance 300m) reciprocal cross production of hybrid seeds all can in isolated area.Be that maternal assembly output is higher with Shen 137 generally, seed color and luster degree is better.Determine suitable date of seeding, arrange the phase that general female parent is broadcast earlier, broadcasts male parent after emerging 7-10 days, go than the father: mother is 1: 5, about every mu 4500 strain of planting density.

The disease-resistant result of table 1. ‘Shendan 13’

The output performance of table 2. ‘Shendan 13’ in provincial test

Test name	Year	Per mu yield kg	Contrast ± %	Precedence	Stability parameter	Standard deviation/coefficient of variation (c.v%)
									Shen Dan 13	Contrast is planted	Other product
						Economize prerun	1997	484.0				22.0	1
The provinces and regions examination	1998	619.8	11.5	2	0.85				111.17/17.94	117.54/21.15	19.61-25.54

Table 3. yield component comparison sheet

Year	Kind	Spike length (cm)	Tassel row number	Mass of 1000 kernel (g)	Empty bar rate (%)	Per mu yield (kg)
							1997	Shen Dan 13	19.8	16-18	316	3.2	484.0
1997	Shendan No.7	18.0	16-18	270	2.8	396.5
							1998	Shen Dan 13	20.3	16-18	381	2.1	619.8
1998	Shen Dan 13	19.3	16-18	350	1.5	555.8

Annotate: Shendan No.7 and Yedan No.13 are contrast

Claims (8)

1, a kind of selection of corn single cross hybrid is characterized in that the selection of basic material: comprise male parent, maternal inbred line breeding, assembly proper seeding and arrange the phase that when density, artificial impurity elimination, optimum period are taken out hero, measures such as distance isolation to suitable row; Seed selection inbred line Shen 137 is maternal, and inbred line Shen 2805 is mixed with single cross hybrid Shen Dan No. 13 as male parent.

2, selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with the maternal inbred line of second cycle line method seed selection Shen 137, breed through the inbreeding of more generation breeding.

3, selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with generation backcross method seed selection male parent inbred line Shen 2805, breed through the inbreeding of more generation breeding.

4, selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: assembly is meant that with inbred line Shen 137 be female parent, and inbred line Shen 2805 is the formulated single cross hybrid of male parent.

5, selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the proper seeding and the phase of arranging are meant that female parent is Shen 137 in not sowing at the beginning of 5 months in April, and male parent Shen 2805 was than maternal late sowing 7-10 days.

6, selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: suitable row when density is meant the father: female 1: 5, density mu was cut out 4500 strains.

7, producing method for seed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: artificial impurity elimination refers to that loose powder is removed father and mother's assorted strain originally in earlier stage in vegetative period; Optimum period, takes out hero and refers to not remove maternal tassel before the loose powder after maternal tassel exposes last a slice leaf.

8, producing method for seed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: distance isolation is meant the multiplication fields insulating space of father, maternal inbred line more than 500m, and the hybrid seeding distance isolation does not have other maize cultures more than 300m.