CN1089210C - Corn hybrid breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of the utilization of the heterozygous advantages of corn, which is characterized in that a selfing line P138 is used as a female parent, a selfing line multiple 4-1 is used as a male parent, and the selfing line P138 and the selfing line multiple 4-1 are prepared single hybrid species U 1341. In multipoint testing demonstration, the single hybrid species provided by the present invention has average yield per mu of 558 kilograms, and has more conspicuous increase in yield than comparison species 'Nongda No. 60', 'Yedan No. 13' and 'Nongda 3138'.

Description

A kind of method of hybrid maize seed production

Technical field:

The invention belongs to corn hybrid use of advantage field, international Patent classificating number A01H.

Background technology:

Corn is " king of feed ", also is the staple food crop of China, more than 300,000,000 mu of China's year maize planting area.Since the eighties, main recommended variety be No. 2, middle list, red beautiful 13, tuck in single No. 2, Yedan No.13 etc., the above-mentioned kind of promoting mainly is planted the more than ten years, plant property degeneration is in various degree arranged, add various new diseases and new biological strain harm, resistance obviously weakens, and causes underproduction 5-10%, indivedual times or some areas may cause the destructive disease outburst, cause the serious underproduction; On the other hand, along with development of social productivity, the raising of Fertilization Level and mechanization level, the improvement of culture technique, above-mentioned main breed can not adapt to demands of social development far away.Select new varieties, replace the kind of using in the current production and be the task of top priority.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to the problem at above-mentioned current corn production and corn variety existence, searching overcomes existing corn variety and has the defective method, extensively collects new germ plasm resource, creates new breeding basic material.Educate by Nan Fanbei, quicken seed selection from generation to generation, select a collection of resistance, wide adaptability, the good inbred line that coordinate force is high.Utilize the hybrid vigour basic principle, make high yield, high-quality, many anti-corn hybrid seeds, and propose a corresponding seeding technique of cover and a high-yield culture technique.

Below narrate main contents of the present invention:

1, compound method: make female parent with inbred line P138, many 4-1 are male parent, make single cross hybrid " excellent 1341 ", and compound mode is: the many 4-1 of P1 38 x.

2, excellent 1341 features of single cross hybrid:

Its close blood relationship is far away, and hybrid vigour is strong, and the F1 seedling growth is vigorous, and growing way is strong, and look dark green, and strain is endured, stalwartness.The plant type hemicompact is gathered after becoming strain, and aerial root is many, and bar is sturdy.270 centimetres of plant heights, about 90 centimetres of fringe positions.Fruit ear is thick, 23 centimetres of spike lengths, thick 5.3 centimetres of fringe, grain line number 16 row, seed yellow, half horse flute profile, many unit weight of cutin height.High Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College helminthosporium maydis, resistance to bacterial wilt and silk dust-brand, viral diseases, the bar maturation of living.Sow in spring 120 days breeding times in Beijing.Be advisable about close every mu 3500 strain of general plantation, be suitable for high fertilizer and water condition cultivation.

3, maternal inbred line P138 feature:

Source:, form for continuous selfed breeding through many from U.S. exploiting species subsidiary crossbreed 78599.Main blood relationship contains tropical corn germplasm, resistance, and bar is hard, and capacity for the resistance to lodging is strong, and grain quality is good, the solids type.Seedling leaf color is darker, the little purple of vein.Fruit ear is short and thick, grain line number 16 row, seed orange colour.180 centimetres of plant heights, 90 centimetres of fringe positions.Disease resistance is strong, Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's helminthosporium maydis and Si Hei disease, resistance to bacterial wilt, the bar maturation of living, 250 kilograms of general per mu yields.

4, many 4-1 of male parent feature

The source: utilizing yellow 4 inbred lines early and Soviet Union of Thailand corn high yield colony No. 1 choosing in gulf in Guangxi is 22 to hybridize, then in Beijing through many generations continuous selfed breeding form.Mainly have the resistance and the yielding ability in No. 1, gulf of Soviet Union, and yellow fringe more than 4 early, plant type compactness, the characteristic that coordinate force is high are arranged.Many 4-1 inbred line seedling leaf color is dark green, well developed root system, and waterlogging-resistant drought, capacity for the resistance to lodging are strong.High-resistance corn northern and southern leaf blight and virus disease, multiple diseases such as anti-head-smut bar maturation alive.The dual spike rate height, fruit ear is thick, 19 centimetres of spike lengths, thick 5.0 centimetres of fringe, 16-18 is capable for the grain line number, the seed orange colour, the solids type, quality better is about thousand kernel weight 290 grams.250 kilograms of general per mu yields.

Good effect of the present invention is:

1, excellent 1341 stable high yield of single cross hybrid:

In the multiple spot experiment and demonstration, 558 kilograms of average yield per mus, kind of an agricultural university 60 is shone in comparison, Yedan No.13, agricultural university's 3138 volume increase are extremely remarkable.Both be suitable for high fertilizer and water condition cultivation, again can be in Lik-Sang product application usually.Force level is relatively poor on ground, the plot that managerial skills are general, and 512.5 kilograms of per mu yields, comparison is according to agricultural university's 3138 volume increase 23.2%.

2, hybrid seed yield height, yield stability is good, is convenient to guarantee both quality and quantity:

Because parents' strong stress resistance, emerge fast, the seedling gesture strong, drought resisting, waterlogging-resistant, therefore saves seedling easily from damage.The plant resistance against diseases is strong, is unlikely because of special disaster causes to lose to receive.Seed dehydration is fast, avoids that early frost or results back are cool shines untimely and influence germination rate.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is pedigree seed selection figure of the present invention.

The working of an invention mode:

Make female parent with inbred line P138, many 4-1 are male parent, make single cross hybrid " excellent 1341 ".

1, father and mother sow this same period during the production of hybrid seeds, and row was advisable than several 2: 4, and every mu is stayed seedling 4000-4500 strain.Other culture technique of corn seed producing of the present invention gets final product by the method operation that those skilled in that art know.General per mu yield is more than 300 kilograms.

2, excellent 1341 single cross hybrid F1 planting densities are advisable about with 3500 strains, and this kind belongs to high bar large spike, and density is unsuitable excessive, are suitable for high fertilizer and water condition cultivation.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of method of hybrid maize seed production is characterized in that making female parent with inbred line P138, and many 4-1 are male parent, and father and mother sow this same period, the preparation single cross hybrid.

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