CN109337062A - 低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法 - Google Patents

低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109337062A
CN109337062A CN201811155081.7A CN201811155081A CN109337062A CN 109337062 A CN109337062 A CN 109337062A CN 201811155081 A CN201811155081 A CN 201811155081A CN 109337062 A CN109337062 A CN 109337062A
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周玉波
孙兆任
张士虎
张德江
公维英
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Shandong Inov New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于高分子合成技术领域,具体涉及一种低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法。所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,以双酚A和季戊四醇为起始剂,使用改性双金属氰化络合物催化剂,与环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷开环聚合,制得低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇;其中,双酚A与季戊四醇的摩尔比为1:3~3:1。本发明原料易得,制备方法简单,不产生三废;本发明所用的起始剂双酚A具有刚性苯环结构,有利于提高制品承载性;起始剂季戊四醇官能度高、结构规整,有利于提高制品承载性。

Description

低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子合成技术领域,具体涉及一种低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯软质泡沫塑料简称软泡,俗称海绵,是指具有一定弹性的柔软性聚氨酯泡沫塑料,主要用于家具垫材、交通工具座椅垫材以及各种软性衬垫层压复合材料,应用范围非常广泛。
目前海绵市场低密度化是一个重要趋势,可以降低成本、降低制品质量,提高竞争力。但海绵制品的承载性与密度有直接关系,密度下降后承载性也会不断下降,影响制品质量,甚至无法使用。
目前常用的降低海绵密度、提高承载性的方法是调整海绵配方及海绵制备工艺,比如中国专利申请号201610844390.X《一种低密度高承载海绵及制作工艺》中通过配方和生产工艺的优化来制备低密度高承载性的海绵,并未对聚醚多元醇有特殊要求。
中国专利申请号201711011856.9《一种低密度聚氨酯软泡及其制备方法》中重点是引入新发泡剂LBA(反式-1-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯)来制备低密度海绵,并未对聚醚多元醇提出特殊要求。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,原料简单易得,制备方法科学合理、简单易行,不产生三废;制品承载性好,能够在相同性能要求下降低密度。
本发明所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,以双酚A和季戊四醇为起始剂,使用改性双金属氰化络合物催化剂,与环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷开环聚合,制得低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇;
其中,双酚A与季戊四醇的摩尔比为1:3~3:1。
所述的双酚A学名2,2-二(4-羟基苯基)丙烷,简称二酚基丙烷,分子量为228,市售产品。
所述的季戊四醇又称四羟甲基甲烷,分子量136,市售产品。
所述的环氧丙烷与起始剂的重量比为9:1~21:1。
所述的环氧乙烷的用量为起始剂、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷总质量的5~10%。
所述的改性双金属氰化络合物催化剂为市售产品,用量为起始剂、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷总质量的0.002~0.01%。
所述的开环聚合,反应温度为130~145℃。
所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的羟值为54.5~57.5mgKOH/g。
优选地,所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
1)将双酚A、季戊四醇、改性双金属催化剂加入到高压反应釜中,升温至110~130℃,保持真空度-0.093MPa,抽真空脱水0.5~2h;
2)加入双酚A与季戊四醇质量之和5%~15%的环氧丙烷进行诱导激活反应,诱导温度为128-132℃,诱导压力≤0.2MPa;
3)当反应釜内压力持续下降并降至负压,温度开始持续上升时,表明聚合反应开始,连续加入环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷进行聚合反应,反应温度130~145℃;
4)加料结束后,继续老化反应0.5~1h,然后抽真空脱单体1~2h,降温出料,得到低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
1、本发明使用的原料简单易得,制备方法催化反应活性高,不产生三废,生产成本低。
2、起始剂双酚A具有刚性苯环结构,有利于提高制品承载性;起始剂季戊四醇官能度高、结构规整,有利于提高制品承载性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,但不限定本发明。
实施例中用到的所有原料除特殊说明外,均为市购。
实施例1
室温下在反应釜内加入570g双酚A、1020g季戊四醇、0.7g改性双金属催化剂,在-0.093MPa、110℃下真空脱水2h;加入80g环氧丙烷进行诱导激活反应,当反应装置内压力持续下降并降至负压、温度开始持续上升时表明已经开始聚合反应,连续进料环氧丙烷32557g和环氧乙烷1800g,反应温度140℃;进料完毕后继续老化反应1h,然后在-0.093MPa下真空脱气1h,降温至80℃后出料,得到目标聚醚多元醇A。
实施例2
室温下在反应釜内加入171g双酚A、34g季戊四醇、0.25g改性双金属催化剂,在-0.093MPa、110℃下真空脱水1h;加入30g环氧丙烷进行诱导激活反应,当反应装置内压力持续下降并降至负压、温度开始持续上升时表明已经开始聚合反应,连续进料环氧丙烷1960g和环氧乙烷244g,反应温度130℃;进料完毕后继续老化反应0.5h,然后在-0.093MPa下真空脱气2h,降温至80℃后出料,得到目标聚醚多元醇B。
实施例3
室温下在反应釜内加入342g双酚A、204g季戊四醇、0.55g改性双金属催化剂,在-0.093MPa、110℃下真空脱水1.5h;加入55g环氧丙烷进行诱导激活反应,当反应装置内压力持续下降并降至负压、温度开始持续上升时表明已经开始聚合反应,连续进料环氧丙烷7625g和环氧乙烷676g,反应温度135℃;进料完毕后继续老化反应1h,然后在-0.093MPa下真空脱气1.5h,降温至80℃后出料,得到目标聚醚多元醇C。
对实施例1-3制得的目标聚醚多元醇进行指标测试,其测试结果见表1。
表1测试结果
指标 外观 羟值mgKOH/g 粘度/mPa·s,25℃ 水分/%
目标聚醚多元醇1 无色透明液体 57.5 924 0.012
目标聚醚多元醇2 无色透明液体 54.5 1145 0.015
目标聚醚多元醇3 无色透明液体 56.0 1098 0.015
海绵性能试验:
同样配方、同样工艺制备海绵样块测试,测试结果见表2:
表2测试结果
聚醚多元醇 5631(市售产品) 实施例3聚醚多元醇
密度,kg/m<sup>3</sup> 20 20
拉伸强度,kPa 61 87
伸长率,% 131 127
40%压缩强度,kPa 2.7 3.6
制备海绵样块的配方见表3。
表3制备海绵样块的配方
海绵样块的制备工艺如下:
将配方中除TDI-80以外的成分按设计质量依次加入容器中,混合均匀。将设定量的TDI-80倒入容器,用高速搅拌机(转速4000转/分钟)搅拌5秒后,倒入敞口模具中发泡。泡沫在室温中熟化24小时后,切割制备所需样品。

Claims (7)

1.一种低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:以双酚A和季戊四醇为起始剂,使用改性双金属氰化络合物催化剂,与环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷开环聚合,制得低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇;
其中,双酚A与季戊四醇的摩尔比为1:3~3:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的环氧丙烷与起始剂的重量比为9:1~21:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的环氧乙烷的用量为起始剂、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷总质量的5~10%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的双金属催化剂的用量为起始剂、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷总质量的0.002~0.01%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的开环聚合,反应温度为130~145℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的羟值为54.5~57.5mgKOH/g。
7.根据权利要求1所述的低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:具体步骤如下:
1)将双酚A、季戊四醇、改性双金属催化剂加入到高压反应釜中,升温至110~130℃,保持真空度-0.093MPa,抽真空脱水0.5~2h;
2)加入双酚A与季戊四醇质量之和5%~15%的环氧丙烷进行诱导激活反应,诱导温度为128-132℃,诱导压力≤0.2MPa;
3)当反应釜内压力持续下降并降至负压,温度开始持续上升时,表明聚合反应开始,连续加入环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷进行聚合反应,反应温度130~145℃;
4)加料结束后,继续老化反应0.5~1h,然后抽真空脱单体1~2h,降温出料,得到低密度高承载性海绵用聚醚多元醇。
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Cited By (2)

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CN113307934A (zh) * 2021-06-01 2021-08-27 泉州源利鞋材有限公司 低密度慢回弹海绵及其制备工艺
CN113773484A (zh) * 2021-09-10 2021-12-10 山东一诺威新材料有限公司 高抗压缩强度矿用聚醚多元醇的制备方法

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