CN109336709A - A kind of compound modification method of salt-soda soil biological and chemical - Google Patents
A kind of compound modification method of salt-soda soil biological and chemical Download PDFInfo
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- CN109336709A CN109336709A CN201811105876.7A CN201811105876A CN109336709A CN 109336709 A CN109336709 A CN 109336709A CN 201811105876 A CN201811105876 A CN 201811105876A CN 109336709 A CN109336709 A CN 109336709A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to soil improvement field more particularly to a kind of compound modification methods of salt-soda soil biological and chemical.Composite modifying agent of the invention is made of 50-60 parts of crop material, 0.1-0.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 10-30 parts of water, 2-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-4 parts of fowl and animal excrement, sail 1-5 parts black, 1-3 parts of gypsum, 1-2 parts of flyash, 1-3 parts of furfural dregs, its production stage is that (1) shreds crop material, sterilize (2) inoculating lactic acid bacterium in fermentation vat, 12 days (3) are fermented under the conditions of 37 DEG C by the crop material fermented and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs composite stirring, are mixed with salt affected soil.Soil environment can be improved the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, and do not cause the compound modification method of the biological and chemical of secondary pollution.The present processes can neutralize the alkaline matter inside soil, can be effectively improved salt affected soil pH, improve crop yield, improve soil texture and do not pollute the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biochemistry improving technology fields, more particularly to a kind of compound improvement of salt-soda soil biological and chemical
Method.
Background technique
Salt-soda soil is a kind of soil of salt aggregation, refers to that salt contained by soil the inside influences the normal physiological of crop
Activity, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in whole world salt-soda soil is 9.5 hundred million hectares,
Wherein China is 99,130,000 hectares.The accumulative of the formation of China's alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil, significant portion and Carbonates In Soil has
It closes, thus basicity is generally higher, serious salt affected soil regional plant is difficult to survive.
Salt-soda soil can simply be divided into slight alkaline land, moderate saline-alkali soil and heavy salinized.Light salt-soda soil refers to its
Emergence rate is 70% -80%, its salt content is below 3/1000ths；Heavy saline refers to that its salt content is more than 6/1000ths,
Emergence rate is lower than 50%；This intermediate block be exactly moderate saline-alkali soil (indicated with pH value are as follows: slight alkaline land pH value are as follows: 7.1-8.5,
Moderate saline-alkali soil pH value are as follows: 8.5-9.5, heavy salinized ground pH value are as follows: 9.5 or more).
The improvement of saline-alkali soil generally requires a point several method, biological method, chemical method, water conservancy and irrigation practice etc..Such as
Fruit is improved only with a kind of step method, and effect is poor, and chemical modifying be easy to cause secondary pollution and cost is larger, and biology changes
Good method effect is poor.So soil texture is not only improved, but also reduce soil pH using the compound modification method of biological and chemical,
Alkaline land improving significant effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of modification method that biological and chemical is compound, can change soil texture and reduce
Soil pH, and secondary pollution will not be caused to environment, to solve the problems, such as that single method not can effectively improve salt-soda soil.
It is of the invention main salt-soda soil to be carried out using the method for lactobacillus-fermented technology and composite modifying agent technology of preparing
Improvement, technical solution are accomplished by the following way: the fermentation technique of lactic acid bacteria is to load the fermentation substrate of different proportion
In fermentation vat, temperature control is 30-37 degrees Celsius, is fermented under this condition 10-12 days according to different inoculum concentrations, is made the
One product.The technology of composite modifying agent mainly utilizes the first product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, fine coal
20min is sufficiently stirred in ash, furfural dregs, and finished product is composite modifying agent.
A kind of compound modification method of biological and chemical of the invention, key step are as follows:
(1) crop material is packed into pulverizer to crush, the revolving speed of pulverizer is set as 300r/min, makes crop material length
For 3-6mm；
(2) crop material after chopping is sterilized 30min under conditions of 121 DEG C, obtains the first product；
(3) the first product is poured into fermentation vat, is inoculated with 10% lactic acid bacteria, control 30-37 DEG C of temperature, fermented 10-12 days,
Obtain the second product；
(4) what compound object of the second product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs is mixed
And 20min is stirred, obtain composite modifying agent.
A kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, as mass fraction, the first 50-60 parts of product；Lactic acid bacteria
0.1-0.3 parts；10-30 parts of water；2-5 parts of magnesium sulfate；1-4 parts of fowl and animal excrement；Black sail 1-5 parts；1-3 parts of gypsum；Flyash 1-2
Part；1-3 parts of furfural dregs；
Preferably, a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, as mass fraction, the first product 55-58
Part；0.12-0.2 parts of lactic acid bacteria；20-28 parts of water；3-4 parts of magnesium sulfate；2-3 parts of fowl and animal excrement；2-4 parts of black alum；Gypsum 1.5-2.8
Part；1.5-1.8 parts of flyash；2-2.5 parts of furfural dregs.
Preferably, a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, as mass fraction, the first 56 parts of product；
0.14 part of lactic acid bacteria；24 parts of water；3.6 parts of magnesium sulfate；2.5 parts of fowl and animal excrement；2.8 parts of black alum；2.1 parts of gypsum；Flyash 1.6
Part；2.3 parts of furfural dregs.
A kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, the crop is by stalk wheat stalk, corn stover, height
Fine strain of millet stalk, rape stalk composition, mass ratio are as follows: 3-5:2-3:1-2:1-2.
Preferably, a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, the crops stalks are by wheat stalk, jade
Rice stalk, broomcorn straw, rape stalk composition, mass ratio are as follows: 3.2-4.8:2.2-2.8:1.2-1.7:1.3-1.8.
Preferably, a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, the crops stalks are by wheat stalk, jade
Rice stalk, broomcorn straw, rape stalk composition, mass ratio 4:2.5:1.5:1.6.
Preferably, viable count of lactobacillus is not less than 1 × 10 in first product9CFU/g。
Preferably, the fermentation vat should seal, and generally be sealed with plastic cloth.
Compared with prior art, the present invention beneficial effects of the present invention are；
1, principle active component of the invention is lactic acid, which can neutralize salt-soda soil neutral and alkali substance, this kind of method ratio
Compared with pure chemistry method, cost is relatively low.Primary raw material corn stover of the invention, broomcorn straw, maple leaves are from a wealth of sources, Ke Yibian
Waste be changed into values.The raw material can not only improve soil, moreover it is possible to provide fertilizer for crop.
2, method environmental protection provided by the invention, economy, fermentation period is short, operation is simple.Pure chemistry or pure biological method are not
It is only troublesome in poeration, and effect difference is at high cost, the method in the invention is relatively simple.
Specific embodiment
In order to further appreciate that the present invention, embodiment of the present invention is described With reference to embodiment,
It is understood that these descriptions be intended merely to further illustrate feature of the invention and a little rather than the invention patent is wanted
The limitation asked.
Embodiment 1
Prepare a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk are formed, mass ratio 3:2.8:1:2.
It is packed into pulverizer to crush, the revolving speed of pulverizer is set as 300r/min, makes crop material length 3-6mm；
(2) crop material after chopping is sterilized 30min under conditions of 121 DEG C, obtains the first product；
(3) the first product is poured into fermentation vat, is inoculated with 10% lactic acid bacteria, control 30-37 DEG C of temperature, fermented 10-12 days,
Obtain the second product；
(4) what compound object of the second product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs is mixed
And 20min is stirred, and as mass fraction, the first 55 parts of product；0.3 part of lactic acid bacteria；30 parts of water；4 parts of magnesium sulfate；Fowl and animal excrement 1
Part；1 part of black sail；1.5 parts of gypsum；2 parts of flyash；2.5 parts of furfural dregs.
Embodiment 2
Prepare a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) crop material wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk are formed, mass ratio 3.2:
3:1.2:1.It is packed into pulverizer to crush, the revolving speed of pulverizer is set as 300r/min, makes crop material length 3-6mm；
(2) crop material after chopping is sterilized 30min under conditions of 121 DEG C, obtains the first product；
(3) the first product is poured into fermentation vat, is inoculated with 10% lactic acid bacteria, control 30-37 DEG C of temperature, fermented 10-12 days,
Obtain the second product；
(4) what compound object of the second product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs is mixed
And 20min is stirred, and as mass fraction, the first 50 parts of product；0.2 part of lactic acid bacteria；10 parts of water；3 parts of magnesium sulfate；Fowl and animal excrement 3
Part；5 parts of black sail；2.8 parts of gypsum；1.8 parts of flyash；1 part of furfural dregs.
Embodiment 3
Prepare a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) crop material wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk are formed, mass ratio 5:
2.2:1.7:1.8.It is packed into pulverizer to crush, the revolving speed of pulverizer is set as 300r/min, makes crop material length 3-6mm；
(2) crop material after chopping is sterilized 30min under conditions of 121 DEG C, obtains the first product；
(3) the first product is poured into fermentation vat, is inoculated with 10% lactic acid bacteria, control 30-37 DEG C of temperature, fermented 10-12 days,
Obtain the second product；
(4) what compound object of the second product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs is mixed
And 20min is stirred, and as mass fraction, the first 60 parts of product；0.12 part of lactic acid bacteria；28 parts of water；5 parts of magnesium sulfate；Fowl and animal excrement 4
Part；4 parts of black sail；3 parts of gypsum；1 part of flyash；3 parts of furfural dregs.
Embodiment 4
Prepare a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) crop material wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk are formed, mass ratio 4.8:
2:2:1.3.It is packed into pulverizer to crush, the revolving speed of pulverizer is set as 300r/min, makes crop material length 3-6mm；
(2) crop material after chopping is sterilized 30min under conditions of 121 DEG C, obtains the first product；
(3) the first product is poured into fermentation vat, is inoculated with 10% lactic acid bacteria, control 30-37 DEG C of temperature, fermented 10-12 days,
Obtain the second product；
(4) what compound object of the second product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs is mixed
And 20min is stirred, and as mass fraction, the first 58 parts of product；0.1 part of lactic acid bacteria；20 parts of water；2 parts of magnesium sulfate；Fowl and animal excrement 2
Part；2 parts of black sail；1 part of gypsum；1.5 parts of flyash；2 parts of furfural dregs.
Embodiment 5
Prepare a kind of biological and chemical composite modifying agent of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) crop material wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk are formed, mass ratio 4:
2.5:1.5:1.6.It is packed into pulverizer to crush, the revolving speed of pulverizer is set as 300r/min, makes crop material length 3-6mm；
(2) crop material after chopping is sterilized 30min under conditions of 121 DEG C, obtains the first product；
(3) the first product is poured into fermentation vat, is inoculated with 10% lactic acid bacteria, control 30-37 DEG C of temperature, fermented 10-12 days,
Obtain the second product；
(4) what compound object of the second product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs is mixed
And 20min is stirred, and as mass fraction, the first 56 parts of product；0.14 part of lactic acid bacteria；24 parts of water；3.6 parts of magnesium sulfate；Manure of livestock and poultry
Just 2.5 parts；2.8 parts of black sail；2.1 parts of gypsum；1.6 parts of flyash；2.3 parts of furfural dregs.
In the present invention, the lactic acid bacteria of use is known strain in the prior art.Lactic acid bacteria is that a kind of can utilize can ferment
Carbohydrate generates the common name of the bacterium of a large amount of lactic acid.This kind of bacterium is extremely wide in distributed in nature, has object abundant
Species diversity.The lactic acid scientific name α-hydracrylate that lactobacillus-fermented generates, molecular formula CH3CH (OH) COOH, average molecular matter
Amount is 90.08, is found earliest by Scheele.Lactic acid is applied to the fields such as food, drug, cosmetics.Main component of the invention
It is exactly lactic acid, lactic acid can neutralize partial alkaline substance, and not cause secondary pollution to environment.Soil improvement method of the invention can
Effectively to improve salt-soda soil and improve native permeability, salt affected soil is improved.
The performance of the compound modification method of salt-soda soil biological and chemical of embodiment 1-5 is detected.Test method: test
The salt-soda soil of area selection Delta Region of The Yellow River, this area's vegetation coverage are 7-8%, and it is soil that PH value, which is 8.8-9.5,
Water content is 7.5-9.5%, soil with organic matter content 6.2-6.7g/kg.
Being divided into 6 pieces of ground to differentiate number is 1,2,3,4,5,6, test group 1,2,3,4,5, control group 6.Each region point
Not Zhong Zhi 100 corns, soil treatment applies the composite modifying agent of example 1-5 preparation, and other conditions are consistent.Experimental result is such as
Shown in table 1:
The 1 maize planting different disposal method table of comparisons of table
| Processing method | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | It does not handle |
| Survival rate/% | 75.1 | 74.2 | 75.3 | 76 | 78 | 50.3 |
| Blade | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is good |
| Yield (kg/acre) | 444 | 432 | 485 | 506 | 513 | 380 |
From the point of view of test result, survival rate, blade and the yield of test group are superior to control group, and embodiment 4 and implementation
The effect of example 5 is best.Method of the invention can effectively improve soil texture and physicochemical property, and soil property is improved, and further increase
The survival rate and quality of strong corn.
The above is only several examples of the application, not does any type of limitation to the application, although the application
It is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, however not to limit the application, or else any person skilled in the art is detached from this
In the range of applying for technical solution, a little variation or modification are done using the technology contents of the disclosure above and is equal to equivalent reality
Scheme is applied, technical solution scope is belonged to.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of compound modification method of salt-soda soil biological and chemical, which is characterized in that its technology key step is as follows:
(1) crop material is packed into pulverizer to crush, the revolving speed of pulverizer is set as 300-400r/min, makes crop material length
For 3-6mm；
(2) crop material after chopping is sterilized 30min under conditions of 121 DEG C, obtains the first product；
(3) the first product is poured into fermentation vat, is inoculated with 10% lactic acid bacteria, control 30-37 DEG C of temperature, fermented 10-12 days, obtain the
Two products；
(4) what compound object of the second product and water, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, fowl and animal excrement, black alum, flyash, furfural dregs is mixed and is stirred
20min is mixed, composite modifying agent is obtained.
2. a kind of compound modification method of salt-soda soil biological and chemical according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lactic acid
Bacterium viable count is not less than 1 × 109CFU/g。
3. a kind of compound modification method of salt-soda soil biological and chemical according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its crop material
Composition are as follows: wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk, mass ratio 3-5:2-3:1-2:1-2.
4. biological and chemical compound modification method in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its composite modifying agent
Preparation method is, as mass fraction, the second 50-60 parts of product；0.1-0.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria；10-30 parts of water；Magnesium sulfate 2-5
Part；1-4 parts of fowl and animal excrement；Black sail 1-5 parts；1-3 parts of gypsum；1-2 parts of flyash；1-3 parts of furfural dregs.
5. according to claim 1 or a kind of 3 compound modification methods of salt-soda soil biological and chemical, which is characterized in that its crop
Stalk composition are as follows: wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk, mass ratio 3.2-4.8:2.2-2.8:
1.2-1.7:1.3-1.8.
6. according to claim 1 or a kind of 5 compound modification methods of salt-soda soil biological and chemical, which is characterized in that its crop
Stalk composition are as follows: wheat stalk, corn stover, broomcorn straw, rape stalk, mass ratio 4:2.5:1.5:1.6.
7. biological and chemical compound modification method in salt-soda soil according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that its is compound to change
Good dose of preparation method be, as mass fraction, the second 55-58 parts of product；0.12-0.2 parts of lactic acid bacteria；20-28 parts of water；Magnesium sulfate
3-4 parts；2-3 parts of fowl and animal excrement；Black sail 2-4 parts；1.5-2.8 parts of gypsum；1.5-1.8 parts of flyash；2-2.5 parts of furfural dregs.
8. biological and chemical compound modification method in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its composite modifying agent
Preparation method is, as mass fraction, the second 56 parts of product；0.14 part of lactic acid bacteria；24 parts of water；3.6 parts of magnesium sulfate；Fowl and animal excrement
2.5 part；2.8 parts of black sail；2.1 parts of gypsum；1.6 parts of flyash；2.3 parts of furfural dregs.
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