CN109287179A - A kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method and orchard straw covering machine - Google Patents
A kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method and orchard straw covering machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109287179A CN109287179A CN201811499225.0A CN201811499225A CN109287179A CN 109287179 A CN109287179 A CN 109287179A CN 201811499225 A CN201811499225 A CN 201811499225A CN 109287179 A CN109287179 A CN 109287179A
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- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021438 curry Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method and orchard straw covering machine, belongs to Machinery for orchard technical field.By Jie Gan Bales Jin Hang Xie Bales of different shapes, and Jie Gan Bales curried, is impacted, allow to scrape stalk loose after dialling it is continuous, uniformly, quantitative spreading in fruit tree in the ranks.Orchard straw covering machine mainly includes compartment, conveying poking device, solution bundle laying device, sprayer apparatus, power device；Compartment inner bottom surface is equipped with conveying poking device, and interior rear is equipped with Xie Bales laying device, and vehicle exterior back upper place is equipped with sprayer apparatus；Poking device is conveyed He Xie Bales laying device is driven by power device；Disclosed method and orchard straw covering machine are suitable for drought-hit area orchard, especially suitable for Machinery for orchard Jie Gan Xie Bales overwrite job, be conducive to Jie Gan Bales Xie Bales and uniform blanking, reduce improving straw mulching cost, stalk scale is promoted to utilize, it is also suitable for discharging to bacteria residue, barnyard manure, organic fertilizer and various agricultural waste, realizes the synergy that gets agricultural profit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention discloses a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method and orchard straw covering machine, be related to straw resource utilization field and
Agricultural machinery technological field covers mechanization field more particularly to drought-hit area orchard Jie Gan Xie Bales.
Background technique
In recent years, with the adjustment of China's agricultural structure, fruit industry scale is grown rapidly, apple, pears, peach, grape, mandarin orange
The cultivated areas such as tangerine have reached the whole world first, and China has become state of fruit sparetime university.But compared with developed countries, the fruit industry in China is also
There is a problem of serious, leads to that product quality is low and industrial benefit is not high.One important problem is that orchard soil is barren, mistake
Divide and rely on chemical fertilizer, leads to soil hardening；The Soils In The Region water shortage of arid, semiarid zone and Seasonal Water-Deficit is always to restrict
The bottleneck problem of fruit industry development.Especially in northern China arplain and southwest, orchard soil moisture conservation is water-saving, improves the content of organic matter
Have become the most important thing of orchard management.According to surveying and determination, the northwest China arplain apple orchard content of organic matter generally 1.0% hereinafter,
And the general piece of American-European countries's apple orchard content of organic matter, 3.0% or more, the Japanese apple orchard content of organic matter is even up to 6.8%,
Dead soil seriously restricts the output and quality of China's fruit industry.
For China drought-hit area fruit industry soil water shortage, it is barren, the content of organic matter is low the problems such as, various regions are to cultivation mode, rich water
Management, soil management etc. have carried out experimental study, propose orchard ground mulching technology in the ranks, that is, use film or common work
The soil management method that the organic materials such as the object stalk soil exposed in the ranks or around tree body to orchard is covered, this technology is not
Can only keep soil moisture, soil protection structure, increase diversity of soil microorganism, also act as adjust ground temperature, inhibit weeds,
The effects of improving fruit quality yield.Since stalk resource itself contains a certain number of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition, after covering with
The decomposition nutrient of stalk is gradually released to fruit tree and is absorbed and utilized, while effectively improving soil microbial activities and quantity.Orchard
Middle stalks mulching can also effectively improve photosynthetic rate, increase fruit mass and fruit shape.Improving straw mulching is in soil moisture conservation, heat preservation, fertilizing soil
Earth, inhibition weeds etc. have significant effect, and especially suitable for arid biogeographic zone orchard, and China's stalk resource is abundant, utilize
Stalk carries out Orchard mulch, on the one hand can promote High-efficiency straw utilization, on the other hand promotes to improve orchard soil environment, to mention
High apple quality.
Currently, orchard improving straw mulching method is simple and crude, inventors have found that covering machine Zhi Jie Dui Bales shape stalk Jin Hang Xie Bales covering
The useful load of covering machine is not only increased, and greatly improves the efficiency of improving straw mulching；The reason is that stalk is as loose material
Material, volume is big, and density is small, cause the useful load of covering machine smaller, as patent CN201621199168.0,
Covering locomotive compartment described in CN201721265059.9, though carriage from overturning or add feed device, can not Dui Bales shape stalk solution
Bales with it is continuous, equably discharge.Which has limited the performances of the operating efficiency of covering machine.Therefore, change orchard improving straw mulching in the past
Simple and crude method, research orchard improving straw mulching machinery technology simultaneously develop to Bales shape straw stalk solution Bales covering work tool, be
The key of orchard improving straw mulching technical benefits is played, and realizes the weight that stalk resource efficiently utilizes in the fruit industry of high added value
Approach is wanted, is to improve orchard soil moisture, the content of organic matter, realizes the important leverage of orchard high-yield and high-efficiency.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention discloses a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method and orchard straw covering machine, will not
The Jie Gan Bales Jin Hang Xie Bales of similar shape, and Jie Gan Bales curried, is impacted, allow to scrape stalk loose after dialling it is continuous, uniformly, it is fixed
Measure spreading in fruit tree in the ranks.It is able to solve simple and crude, the time-consuming problem of existing orchard improving straw mulching technical method, promotes straw
Application of the stalk soverlay technique in orchard realizes water-saving orchard soil soil moisture conservation, getting fat, suppression grass, heat preservation, reduces operating cost, mention
High operation quality improves fruit industry yield and benefit；It solves the waste of orchard surrounding area stalk resource and burns pollution problem, realize
Increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention: a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method and orchard straw covering machine are disclosed, can be realized Guo Yuan Bales
The mechanization of shape Jie Gan Xie Bales overwrite job, standardization, and a kind of orchard straw covering machine is disclosed, promote orchard improving straw mulching technology
Popularization and application, reduce orchard improving straw mulching operating cost, improve orchard soil situation, promote the periphery Guo Qu stalk it is high on a large scale
Effect utilizes, and realizes increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: 1) how handle stalk and become suitable Orchard mulch matrix；
2) how Dui Bales shape stalk Jin Hang Xie Bales is crushed and reaches suitable covering quality；3) how items covering parameter is carried out mechanical
Change adjustment；4) orchard straw covering machine disclosed in is with which kind of the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes Shi Xian Bales shape stalk Xie Bales and covering.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, The present invention gives following technical schemes:
A kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method, which is characterized in that by different banking arrangement Bales shape stalk solutions in a manner of mechanization
Bales, be crushed, curry and uniformly spreading in fruit tree in the ranks；In addition to tying shape material, this method is also suitable for the spreading of loose condition (of surface) material
Cloth, method includes the following steps:
(1) it charges: straw bundle is loaded into the straw covering machine compartment of orchard；Car bottom is disposed with conveying poking device, vehicle
Compartment rear portion discharge end is disposed with solution bundle laying device, conveying poking device and solution bundle laying device at the discharge end bottom at compartment rear portion
Portion space crosses, and constitutes discharge port, discharging open height is adjustable；Direction of the straw bundle in compartment is consistent, and stacking is neatly packed, heap
Height of embankment degree with along concordant, improve useful load on compartment, guarantee the accuracy of Hou Xu Xie Bales and the uniformity of blanking；In order to realize bundle
Shape stalk mixes covering, spreading with bulk material, in charging, is packed into certain thickness bulk material between every layer of straw bundle；
(2) mechanical parameter adjust: according to covering machine running speed and orchard improving straw mulching thickness requirement to conveying poking device with
The mechanical parameter of solution bundle laying device is adjusted, to meet cladding thickness requirement and uniformity requirements；
(3) Xie Bales stones: covering machine along orchard, in the ranks walk by middle line constant speed, first starting solution bundle laying device, then starting conveying
Poking device；If solution bundle laying device and conveying poking device are driven by the same power source, synchronous averaging；Convey material toggling dress
It sets to scrape straw bundle to compartment rear portion and dials movement, contacted with solution bundle laying device, plurality of rows of spike-tooth is set on solution bundle laying device
Or cutter tooth, straw bundle is curried, is impacted, is sheared, scrapes and dials, stalk is stirred downwards, spreading is dished out in orchard by discharge port
In the ranks；The bundle rope of straw bundle is cut off by cutter tooth sliding cutting, is dished out through discharge port；Bundle rope and stalk winding spike-tooth or knife in order to prevent
Tooth is provided with gear comb on solution bundle laying device, cooperates with spike-tooth or cutter tooth, cut off the bundle rope or stalk of winding；For loose
Bulk material is scraped to compartment rear portion and dials movement by material, conveying poking device, and plurality of rows of spike-tooth is arranged on solution bundle laying device
Or cutter tooth is curried, is impacted, shearing, scrapes and allocate for using down, realizes quantitative discharge, spreading cloth；For bundle shape stalk and loose material
Material the case where loading in mixture, when solution bundle stone, be arranged on solution bundle laying device the currying, impact, shearing of plurality of rows of spike-tooth or cutter tooth,
It scrapes and allocates for using down, stalk solution bundle simultaneously mixes stalk with bulk material, realizes quantitative spreading cloth.
A kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method, which is characterized in that in order to realize that coating moisture adjusts, when operation,
After step (3), water is synchronized by the sprayer apparatus that covering machine rear portion is arranged and is sprayed, is mixed with spreading material, adjustment is covered
Cap rock moisture.
A kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method, which is characterized in that in order to realize chemical fertilizer, auxiliary agent, microbial inoculum, medicament class object
Matter synchronous addition during solution ties spreading is mixed into coating, by chemical fertilizer, auxiliary agent, microbial inoculum, medicament substance and dispersing agent
It is configured to a certain concentration, after step (3), is synchronized and is sprayed by the sprayer apparatus of covering machine rear portion setting, with spreading material
Mixing, is added in coating.
A kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method, which is characterized in that the bundle shape stalk refers to the molding agriculture of bundling
Crop material；The bulk material refers to the molding material of no bundling, including loose stalk class material, block material,
Granular material and granular material.
A kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that crawler body 3 is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame 4, front peace on vehicle frame 4
Equipped with driver's cabin 1, engine 24, speed change compartment 2 and hydraulic pump 23,4 upper back of vehicle frame is equipped with compartment 18, the rear end in compartment 18
Bottom and vehicle frame 4 are hinged；At least one hydraulic dump cylinder 5 is installed on the crossbeam of vehicle frame 4, lower end and vehicle frame 4 are hinged,
Upper end and 18 bottom of compartment are hinged；
18 inner bottom surface of compartment is equipped at least one set of conveying poking device 8, and 18 outer bottom of compartment is equipped with material toggling transmission
Device 7；18 rear portion discharge end lateral arrangement of compartment has solution bundle laying device 9, and 18 outer side rear of compartment is equipped with Xie Bales stone
Transmission device 6；Discharge end bottom space of the conveying poking device 8 with solution bundle laying device 9 at 18 rear portion of compartment crosses, and constitutes out
Material mouth 31,31 height of discharge port is adjustable；Conveying poking device 8 and solution bundle 9 space of laying device cross to form angle；On covering machine
Chemical tank 17 and Teat pipette 12 are installed, 18 outside rear of compartment is equipped with sprayer apparatus 11, and the position of sprayer apparatus 11 is higher than
Material mouth 31；Chemical tank 17 is connected through passing through pipeline 25 between Teat pipette 12 and sprayer apparatus 11；
The solution bundle laying device 9 includes rack 28, active beaming roller 30, driven beaming roller 27, strainer 16, tooth band mechanism
14, angle adjusting mechanism 13, discharge port height adjustment mechanism 10 and gear comb 32；
The rack 28 is welded into square frame structure by fashioned iron, is installed on rear portion in compartment perpendicular to 18 side wall of compartment；
Front and back is parallel transversely disposed multiple rows of unpowered roller bearing 29 inside frame structure；28 upper end lateral arrangement of rack has driven beaming roller 27,
28 lower end lateral arrangement of rack has active beaming roller 30, and active beaming roller 30 is parallel with driven beaming roller 27；Pacify on 28 upper end side frame of rack
Equipped with strainer 16, the spacing by adjusting driven beaming roller 27 and active beaming roller 30 is tensioned tooth band mechanism 14；
The tooth band mechanism 14 includes material toggling band 20, toothholder 26, cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19, and material toggling band 20 surrounds active beaming roller 30
It installs with driven beaming roller 27, and is supported by unpowered roller bearing 29, the elasticity of material toggling band 20 is adjusted by strainer 16；It is dialling
It is horizontally-parallel on material strip 20 to be fixed with several toothholders 26, it arranges at a certain distance between toothholder 26 and toothholder 26；Cutter tooth 15 and nail
Tooth 19 is uniformly mounted on toothholder 26, and toothholder 26, cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19 are rotated synchronously with material toggling band 20；
The angle adjusting mechanism 13 is mounted on railroad car lateral wall top, is connected with rack 28, makes rack 28 around active beaming roller 30
It rotates by a certain angle；The discharge port height adjustment mechanism 10 is mounted on the lower part of 18 rear portion column 21 of compartment, with rack 28
It is connected, Shi Xie Bales laying device 9 is moved up and down relative to conveying poking device 8,31 height of adjustment discharge port；The gear comb 32
It is transversely mounted on 22 lower inside of back wall, the comb teeth of gear comb 32 is staggeredly matched with the motion profile of cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19.
A kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that 8 single group of conveying poking device or multiple groups are side by side
18 bottom of compartment is installed；Convey the feeding backward under the driving of material toggling transmission device 7 of poking device 8；Xie Bales laying device 9 is solving
The driving Xia Xie Bales of Bales stone transmission device 6 and downward material toggling；The revolving speed of 7, Xie Bales stone transmission device 6 of material toggling transmission device is only
It stands adjustable.
A kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that the angle and discharge port of the Xie Bales laying device 9
31 height can be adjusted independently.
A kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that the covering machine adapts to bundle shape stalk, bulk material
And its mixed material, it is in the ranks covered or farmland, desert, barren soil soil improvement for orchard.
A kind of orchard straw covering machine, working principle are as follows
A kind of orchard straw covering machine of the present invention can disposably complete the material Xie Bales in compartment is broken and automatic,
Continuously, uniformly outside discharge machine, while synchronous addition during solution ties spreading of chemical fertilizer, auxiliary agent, microbial inoculum, medicament substance is realized
It is mixed into coating, detailed process and working principle are expressed as follows:
The implementation of step (1) described in claim 1~step (3) and claim 2 is covered by orchard stalk of the present invention
Cover machine integrated completion.
It covers and is mounted in locomotive compartment after material according to covering machine running speed and orchard improving straw mulching thickness requirement to conveying
The mechanical parameter of poking device and solution bundle laying device is adjusted, wherein passes through angle adjusting mechanism Dui Xie Bales laying device
Angular adjustment to 0 ° to 20 °, by discharge port height adjustment mechanism to height adjustment 5cm to the 10cm of discharge port, pass through tune
Fast valve is adjusted to reasonable operating speed to conveying poking device and solution bundle laying device；
Covering machine along orchard, in the ranks walk by middle line constant speed, conveys poking device feeding backward under the driving of material toggling transmission device,
Xie Bales and downward material toggling Xia the driving of Xie Bales laying device Xie Bales stone transmission device；It is arranged on solution bundle laying device plurality of rows of
Spike-tooth or cutter tooth, straw bundle is curried, is impacted, is sheared, scrape dial, stalk is stirred downwards, by discharge port dish out spreading in
Orchard is in the ranks；The bundle rope of straw bundle is cut off by cutter tooth sliding cutting, is dished out through discharge port；In order to prevent bundle rope and stalk winding spike-tooth or
Cutter tooth is provided with gear comb on solution bundle laying device, cooperates with spike-tooth or cutter tooth, cut off the bundle rope or stalk of winding；For pine
Material is dissipated, bulk material is scraped to compartment rear portion and dials movement by conveying poking device, and plurality of rows of nail is arranged on solution bundle laying device
Tooth or cutter tooth are curried, are impacted, shearing, scraping and allocate for using down, realize quantitative discharge, spreading cloth；For bundle shape stalk and loosely
When solution bundle stone, currying, impact, cutting for plurality of rows of spike-tooth or cutter tooth is arranged in the case where material loads in mixture on solution bundle laying device
It cuts, scrape and allocate for using down, stalk solution bundle simultaneously mixes stalk with bulk material, realizes quantitative spreading cloth.
Be mounted on the sprayer apparatus above compartment discharge port under the driving of Teat pipette while material dishes out discharge port into
The sprinkling of row medicament, fountain height can be adjusted by sprayer apparatus, so that medicament be made to mix with spreading material, be added to coating
In.
Advantageous effects: the present invention discloses a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method and orchard straw covering machine, can will not
The Jie Gan Bales Jin Hang Xie Bales of similar shape, and Jie Gan Bales curried, is impacted, allow to scrape stalk loose after dialling it is continuous, uniformly, it is fixed
Amount spreading in the ranks, realizes the mechanization of Guo Yuan Bales shape Jie Gan Xie Bales overwrite job, standardization, and disclose a kind of orchard stalk in fruit tree
Covering machine promotes the popularization and application of orchard improving straw mulching technology, reduces orchard improving straw mulching operating cost, improves orchard soil shape
Condition promotes the periphery Guo Qu stalk efficiently to utilize on a large scale, realizes increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency.
Appended drawing reference:
1. hydraulic 6. Xie Bales stone transmission device of dump cylinder, 7. material toggling of 2. gearbox of driver's cabin, 3. crawler body, 4. vehicle frame 5. passes
Dynamic device 8. conveys solution bundle 10. height adjustment device of laying device, 11. sprayer apparatus, 12. Teat pipette, the 13. angle tune of poking device 9.
Save 14. tooth of mechanism band, 15. cutter tooth of mechanism, 16. strainer, 17. medicine-chest, 18. compartment, 19. spike-tooth, 20. tooth band, 21. column, 22. compartment
25. pipeline of rear wall 23. hydraulic pump, 24. engine, 26. toothholder, the 27. unpowered roller bearing 30. of driven 28. rack of beaming roller 29. is actively
31. discharge port of beaming roller, 32. comb teeth.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is orchard straw covering machine overall structure left side view；
Fig. 2 is orchard straw covering machine overall structure right lateral side view；
Fig. 3 is the orchard straw covering machine solution bundle left front side view of laying device；
Fig. 4 is orchard straw covering machine solution Bales laying device rack side view；
Fig. 5 is orchard straw covering machine Xie Bales laying device cutter tooth, comb teeth cooperation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one: fruit garden Bales shape straw stalk solution Bales stone do mechanization operation method
The present embodiment is in short anvil apple orchard into row Bales shape straw stalk solution Bales stone do mechanization operation.The short anvil apple line space in orchard
3.5 meters~4.5 meters, tree-like tree crown is neat.
By Fang Xing Bales shape wheat stalk Xie Bales in a manner of mechanization, be crushed, curry and uniformly spreading in fruit tree in the ranks, institute
The method stated the following steps are included:
(1) it charges: straw bundle is loaded into the straw covering machine compartment of orchard；Car bottom is disposed with conveying poking device, vehicle
Compartment rear portion discharge end is disposed with solution bundle laying device, conveying poking device and solution bundle laying device at the discharge end bottom at compartment rear portion
Portion space crosses, and constitutes discharge port, discharging open height is adjustable；Direction of the straw bundle in compartment is consistent, and stacking is neatly packed, heap
Height of embankment degree with along concordant, improve useful load on compartment, guarantee the accuracy of Hou Xu Xie Bales and the uniformity of blanking；In order to realize bundle
Shape stalk mixes covering, spreading with bulk material, in charging, is packed into certain thickness bulk material between every layer of straw bundle；
(2) mechanical parameter adjust: according to covering machine running speed and orchard improving straw mulching thickness requirement to conveying poking device with
The mechanical parameter of solution bundle laying device is adjusted, to meet cladding thickness requirement and uniformity requirements；
(3) Xie Bales stones: covering machine along orchard, in the ranks walk by middle line constant speed, and first starting solution ties laying device in the present embodiment, connects
Starting conveying poking device；If solution bundle laying device and conveying poking device are driven by the same power source, synchronous averaging；
Straw bundle is scraped to compartment rear portion and dials movement by conveying poking device, is contacted with solution bundle laying device, is arranged on solution bundle laying device
Plurality of rows of spike-tooth or cutter tooth curry straw bundle, are impacted, being sheared, scraping and dial, stalk is stirred downwards, is dished out by discharge port
Spreading in orchard in the ranks；The bundle rope of straw bundle is cut off by cutter tooth sliding cutting, is dished out through discharge port；Bundle rope and stalk winding in order to prevent
Spike-tooth or cutter tooth are provided with gear comb on solution bundle laying device, cooperate with spike-tooth or cutter tooth, cut off the bundle rope or stalk of winding；
For bulk material, poking device is conveyed by bulk material and scrapes group movement to compartment rear portion, setting is more on solution bundle laying device
Quantitative discharge, spreading cloth are realized in the spike-tooth of row or currying, impact, shearing, scraping and allocate for using down for cutter tooth；For tying shape stalk
When solution bundle stone, currying, rushing for plurality of rows of spike-tooth or cutter tooth is arranged in the case where loading in mixture with bulk material on solution bundle laying device
It hits, shear, scraping and allocate for using down, stalk solution bundle simultaneously mixes stalk with bulk material, realizes quantitative spreading cloth.
Fruit garden Bales shape straw stalk solution Bales stone do mechanization operation method, in order to realize that coating moisture adjusts, when operation, in step
Suddenly after (3), water is synchronized by the sprayer apparatus that covering machine rear portion is arranged and is sprayed, is mixed with spreading material, adjust coating
Moisture.
Fruit garden Bales shape straw stalk solution Bales stone do mechanization operation method, in order to realize chemical fertilizer, auxiliary agent, microbial inoculum, medicament substance
Synchronous addition is mixed into coating during solution ties spreading, and chemical fertilizer, auxiliary agent, microbial inoculum, medicament substance and dispersing agent are matched
A certain concentration is made, after step (3), is synchronized and is sprayed by the sprayer apparatus of covering machine rear portion setting, it is mixed with spreading material
It closes, is added in coating.
Embodiment two: orchard straw covering machine
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that crawler body 3 is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame 4, vehicle
Front is equipped with driver's cabin 1, engine 24, speed change compartment 2 and hydraulic pump 23 on frame 4, and 4 upper back of vehicle frame is equipped with compartment 18,
The rear end bottom in compartment 18 and vehicle frame 4 are hinged；At least one hydraulic dump cylinder 5 is installed on the crossbeam of vehicle frame 4, lower end with
Vehicle frame 4 is hinged, and the upper end and 18 bottom of compartment are hinged；
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2,18 inner bottom surface of compartment is equipped at least one set of conveying poking device 8,18 outer bottom of compartment
Material toggling transmission device 7 is installed；18 rear portion discharge end lateral arrangement of compartment has solution bundle laying device 9,18 outer side rear of compartment
Xie Bales stone transmission device 6 is installed；Poking device 8 and solution bundle laying device 9 are conveyed in the discharge end bottom at 18 rear portion of compartment
Space crosses, and constitutes discharge port 31,31 height of discharge port is adjustable；Conveying poking device 8 and solution bundle 9 space of laying device cross shape
At angle；Chemical tank 17 and Teat pipette 12 are installed, 18 outside rear of compartment is equipped with sprayer apparatus 11, sprayer apparatus on covering machine
11 position is higher than discharge port 31；Chemical tank 17 is connected through passing through pipeline 25 between Teat pipette 12 and sprayer apparatus 11；
As shown in figures 1 and 3, solution bundle laying device 9 includes rack 28, active beaming roller 30, driven beaming roller 27, tensioning device
Structure 16, tooth band mechanism 14, angle adjusting mechanism 13, discharge port height adjustment mechanism 10 and gear comb 32；
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the rack 28 is welded into square frame structure by fashioned iron, pacifies perpendicular to 18 side wall of compartment
Loaded on rear portion in compartment；Front and back is parallel transversely disposed multiple rows of unpowered roller bearing 29 inside frame structure；28 upper end transverse direction cloth of rack
It is equipped with driven beaming roller 27,28 lower end lateral arrangement of rack has active beaming roller 30, and active beaming roller 30 is parallel with driven beaming roller 27；Rack
Strainer 16 is installed on 28 upper end side frames, by adjusting the spacing of driven beaming roller 27 and active beaming roller 30 to tooth band mechanism 14
Tensioning；
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, tooth band mechanism 14 includes material toggling band 20, toothholder 26, cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19, material toggling band
20 install around active beaming roller 30 and driven beaming roller 27, and are supported by unpowered roller bearing 29, and the elasticity of material toggling band 20 is by opening
Tight mechanism 16 is adjusted；It is horizontally-parallel on material toggling band 20 to be fixed with several toothholders 26, a spacing is pressed between toothholder 26 and toothholder 26
From arrangement；Cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19 are uniformly mounted on toothholder 26, and toothholder 26, cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19 turn with material toggling band 20 is synchronous
It is dynamic；Cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19 are uniformly staggered in the present embodiment, are conducive to 20 stress balance of material toggling band, avoid deviation phenomenon；
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the angle adjusting mechanism 13 is mounted on railroad car lateral wall top, is connected with rack 28, makes rack
28 rotate by a certain angle around active beaming roller 30, the angular adjustment of 13 pairs of angle adjusting mechanism solution Bales laying devices 9 in the present embodiment
Range is 0 ° to 20 °；The discharge port height adjustment mechanism 10 is mounted on the lower part of 18 rear portion column 21 of compartment, with rack 28
It is connected, Shi Xie Bales laying device 9 is moved up and down relative to conveying poking device 8,31 height of adjustment discharge port；The gear comb 32
It is transversely mounted on 22 lower inside of back wall, the comb teeth of gear comb 32 is staggeredly matched with the motion profile of cutter tooth 15 and spike-tooth 19.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that the conveying poking device
18 bottom of compartment is mounted side by side in 8 single groups or multiple groups, and conveying poking device 8 is two groups in the present embodiment；Poking device 8 is conveyed to dial
Expect feeding backward under the driving of transmission device 7；Xia the driving of 9 Xie Bales stone transmission device 6 of Xie Bales laying device Xie Bales and to
Lower material toggling；The revolving speed Independent adjustable of 7, Xie Bales stone transmission device 6 of material toggling transmission device.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, a kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that the Xie Bales laying device
9 angle and 31 height of discharge port can be adjusted independently, 31 height adjustment range 5cm to 10cm of discharge port in the present embodiment.
A kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that the covering machine adapts to bundle shape stalk, bulk material
And its mixed material, it is in the ranks covered or farmland, desert, barren soil soil improvement for orchard.
Further illustrate a kind of working principle of compartment chain-plate type feeding mechanism of the present invention:
It covers after being mounted in material in locomotive compartment according to covering machine running speed and orchard improving straw mulching thickness requirement to conveying material toggling
The mechanical parameter of device and solution bundle laying device is adjusted, wherein passes through the angle of angle adjusting mechanism Dui Xie Bales laying device
Degree is adjusted to 0 ° to 20 °, by discharge port height adjustment mechanism to height adjustment 5cm to the 10cm of discharge port, passes through speed governing valve
Reasonable operating speed is adjusted to conveying poking device and solution bundle laying device；
Covering machine along orchard, in the ranks walk by middle line constant speed, conveys poking device feeding backward under the driving of material toggling transmission device,
Xie Bales and downward material toggling Xia the driving of Xie Bales laying device Xie Bales stone transmission device；It is arranged on solution bundle laying device plurality of rows of
Spike-tooth or cutter tooth, straw bundle is curried, is impacted, is sheared, scrape dial, stalk is stirred downwards, by discharge port dish out spreading in
Orchard is in the ranks；The bundle rope of straw bundle is cut off by cutter tooth sliding cutting, is dished out through discharge port；In order to prevent bundle rope and stalk winding spike-tooth or
Cutter tooth is provided with gear comb on solution bundle laying device, cooperates with spike-tooth or cutter tooth, cut off the bundle rope or stalk of winding；For pine
Material is dissipated, bulk material is scraped to compartment rear portion and dials movement by conveying poking device, and plurality of rows of nail is arranged on solution bundle laying device
Tooth or cutter tooth are curried, are impacted, shearing, scraping and allocate for using down, realize quantitative discharge, spreading cloth；For bundle shape stalk and loosely
When solution bundle stone, currying, impact, cutting for plurality of rows of spike-tooth or cutter tooth is arranged in the case where material loads in mixture on solution bundle laying device
It cuts, scrape and allocate for using down, stalk solution bundle simultaneously mixes stalk with bulk material, realizes quantitative spreading cloth.
Be mounted on the sprayer apparatus above compartment discharge port under the driving of Teat pipette while material dishes out discharge port into
The sprinkling of row medicament, fountain height can be adjusted by sprayer apparatus, so that medicament be made to mix with spreading material, be added to coating
In.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method, which is characterized in that by different banking arrangement Bales shape stalks in a manner of mechanization
Xie Bales, be crushed, curry and uniformly spreading in fruit tree in the ranks；In addition to tying shape material, this method is also suitable for the paving of loose condition (of surface) material
Material is dispensed, method includes the following steps:
(1) it charges: straw bundle is loaded into the straw covering machine compartment of orchard；Car bottom is disposed with conveying poking device, vehicle
Compartment rear portion discharge end is disposed with solution bundle laying device, conveying poking device and solution bundle laying device at the discharge end bottom at compartment rear portion
Portion space crosses, and constitutes discharge port, discharging open height is adjustable；Direction of the straw bundle in compartment is consistent, and stacking is neatly packed, heap
Height of embankment degree with along concordant, improve useful load on compartment, guarantee the accuracy of Hou Xu Xie Bales and the uniformity of blanking；In order to realize bundle
Shape stalk mixes covering, spreading with bulk material, in charging, is packed into certain thickness bulk material between every layer of straw bundle；
(2) mechanical parameter adjust: according to covering machine running speed and orchard improving straw mulching thickness requirement to conveying poking device with
The mechanical parameter of solution bundle laying device is adjusted, to meet cladding thickness requirement and uniformity requirements；
(3) Xie Bales stones: covering machine along orchard, in the ranks walk by middle line constant speed, first starting solution bundle laying device, then starting conveying
Poking device；If solution bundle laying device and conveying poking device are driven by the same power source, synchronous averaging；Convey material toggling dress
It sets to scrape straw bundle to compartment rear portion and dials movement, contacted with solution bundle laying device, plurality of rows of spike-tooth is set on solution bundle laying device
Or cutter tooth, straw bundle is curried, is impacted, is sheared, scrapes and dials, stalk is stirred downwards, spreading is dished out in orchard by discharge port
In the ranks；The bundle rope of straw bundle is cut off by cutter tooth sliding cutting, is dished out through discharge port；Bundle rope and stalk winding spike-tooth or knife in order to prevent
Tooth is provided with gear comb on solution bundle laying device, cooperates with spike-tooth or cutter tooth, cut off the bundle rope or stalk of winding；For loose
Bulk material is scraped to compartment rear portion and dials movement by material, conveying poking device, and plurality of rows of spike-tooth is arranged on solution bundle laying device
Or cutter tooth is curried, is impacted, shearing, scrapes and allocate for using down, realizes quantitative discharge, spreading cloth；For bundle shape stalk and loose material
Material the case where loading in mixture, when solution bundle stone, be arranged on solution bundle laying device the currying, impact, shearing of plurality of rows of spike-tooth or cutter tooth,
It scrapes and allocates for using down, stalk solution bundle simultaneously mixes stalk with bulk material, realizes quantitative spreading cloth.
2. a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in order to realize coating moisture tune
It is whole, when operation, after step (3), water is synchronized by the sprayer apparatus that covering machine rear portion is arranged and is sprayed, it is mixed with spreading material
It closes, adjusts coating moisture.
3. a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in order to realize chemical fertilizer, auxiliary agent, bacterium
Synchronous addition during solution ties spreading of agent, medicament substance is mixed into coating, by chemical fertilizer, auxiliary agent, microbial inoculum, medicament class object
Matter and dispersing agent are configured to a certain concentration, after step (3), are synchronized and are sprayed by the sprayer apparatus of covering machine rear portion setting,
It mixes, is added in coating with spreading material.
4. a kind of Jie Gan Xie Bales stone method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bundle shape stalk, which refers to, to be beaten
Tie molding agricultural crop straw；The bulk material refers to the molding material of no bundling, including loose stalk class material,
Block material, granular material and granular material.
5. a kind of orchard straw covering machine, which is characterized in that crawler body (3) is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame (4), and vehicle frame (4) is gone forward
Side is equipped with driver's cabin (1), engine (24), speed change compartment (2) and hydraulic pump (23), and vehicle frame (4) upper back is equipped with compartment
(18), the rear end bottom of compartment (18) and vehicle frame (4) are hinged；At least one hydraulic oil of tumbling is installed on the crossbeam of vehicle frame (4)
Cylinder (5), hingedly, the upper end and compartment (18) bottom are hinged for lower end and vehicle frame (4)；
Compartment (18) inner bottom surface is equipped at least one set of conveying poking device (8), and compartment (18) outer bottom is equipped with material toggling transmission
Device (7)；Compartment (18) rear portion discharge end lateral arrangement has solution bundle laying device (9), and compartment (18) outer side rear is equipped with
Xie Bales stone transmission device (6)；Poking device (8) and solution bundle laying device (9) are conveyed at the discharge end bottom at compartment (18) rear portion
Portion space crosses, and constitutes discharge port (31), and discharge port (31) height is adjustable；Convey poking device (8) and solution bundle laying device (9)
Space crosses to form angle；Chemical tank (17) and Teat pipette (12) are installed, compartment (18) external rear is equipped with spray on covering machine
It applies device (11), the position of sprayer apparatus (11) is higher than discharge port (31)；Chemical tank (17) is through Teat pipette (12) and sprayer apparatus
(11) it is connected between by pipeline (25)；
Described solution bundle laying device (9) include rack (28), active beaming roller (30), driven beaming roller (27), strainer (16),
Tooth band mechanism (14), angle adjusting mechanism (13), discharge port height adjustment mechanism (10) and gear comb (32)；
The rack (28) is welded into square frame structure by fashioned iron, after being installed in compartment perpendicular to compartment (18) side wall
Portion；Front and back is parallel transversely disposed multiple rows of unpowered roller bearing (29) inside frame structure；Rack (28) upper end lateral arrangement has driven
Beaming roller (27), rack (28) lower end lateral arrangement have active beaming roller (30), and active beaming roller (30) is parallel with driven beaming roller (27)；Machine
Strainer (16) are installed on the side frame of frame (28) upper end, by adjusting the spacing pair of driven beaming roller (27) and active beaming roller (30)
Tooth band mechanism (14) is tensioned；
Tooth band mechanism (14) includes material toggling band (20), toothholder (26), cutter tooth (15) and spike-tooth (19), and material toggling band (20) encloses
It installs around active beaming roller (30) and driven beaming roller (27), and is supported by unpowered roller bearing (29), the elasticity of material toggling band (20) is logical
Cross strainer (16) adjusting；It is horizontally-parallel on material toggling band (20) to be fixed with several toothholders (26), toothholder (26) and toothholder
(26) it arranges at a certain distance between；Cutter tooth (15) and spike-tooth (19) are uniformly mounted on toothholder (26), toothholder (26), cutter tooth
(15) it is rotated synchronously with spike-tooth (19) with material toggling band (20)；
The angle adjusting mechanism (13) is mounted on railroad car lateral wall top, is connected with rack (28), makes rack (28) around actively
Beaming roller (30) rotates by a certain angle；The discharge port height adjustment mechanism (10) is mounted on compartment (18) rear portion column (21)
Lower part is connected with rack (28), and Shi Xie Bales laying device (9) is moved up and down relative to conveying poking device (8), adjusts discharge port
(31) height；The gear comb (32) is transversely mounted on back wall (22) lower inside, the comb teeth and cutter tooth of gear comb (32)
(15) it is staggeredly matched with the motion profile of spike-tooth (19).
6. a kind of orchard straw covering machine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the conveying poking device (8)
Compartment (18) bottom is mounted side by side in single group or multiple groups；Conveying poking device (8) is sent backward under the driving of material toggling transmission device (7)
Material；Xie Bales laying device (Xie Bales and downward material toggling Xia the driving of 9) Xie Bales stone transmission devices (6)；Material toggling transmission device
(the revolving speed Independent adjustable of 7), Xie Bales stone transmission devices (6).
7. a kind of orchard straw covering machine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the Xie Bales laying device (9)
Angle and discharge port (31) height can independently adjust.
8. a kind of orchard straw covering machine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the covering machine adapts to bundle shape straw
Stalk, bulk material and its mixed material in the ranks cover or farmland, desert, barren soil soil improvement for orchard.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811499225.0A CN109287179B (en) | 2018-12-08 | 2018-12-08 | Straw unbinding and spreading method and orchard straw covering machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811499225.0A CN109287179B (en) | 2018-12-08 | 2018-12-08 | Straw unbinding and spreading method and orchard straw covering machine |
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| CN109287179A true CN109287179A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109287179B CN109287179B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112492912A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-03-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Vehicle-mounted straw bale breaking and spreading method and orchard straw covering machine |
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