CN109233951A - 一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法 - Google Patents

一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法 Download PDF

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CN109233951A
CN109233951A CN201811073236.2A CN201811073236A CN109233951A CN 109233951 A CN109233951 A CN 109233951A CN 201811073236 A CN201811073236 A CN 201811073236A CN 109233951 A CN109233951 A CN 109233951A
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water
peg
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CN109233951B (zh
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闫鸿浩
何闯
王小红
李晓杰
赵铁军
王宇新
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/124—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于润滑液技术领域，公开了一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，具体步骤为：以聚乙二醇溶液为基础油，将柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物加入PEG溶液中；在晃动、加热或超声等手段辅助下使柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物溶于PEG溶液即制成含碳点的水溶性润滑液。本方法简单高效，可快速大规模低成本制备水溶性润滑液。

Description

一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法
技术领域
本发明属于润滑液技术领域，涉及一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法。
背景技术
凡是有相对运动的地方就会存在摩擦与磨损。据有关机构统计显示，摩擦消耗掉全世界1/3～1/2的一次能源，磨损致使大约80％的机器零部件失效，而且50％以上的机械装备恶性事故都起源于润滑失效和过度磨损。而润滑剂作为一种最常见的润滑方式，在减小机械磨损、延长设备使用寿命等方面起着关键性作用。越来越多学者对润滑剂的制备方法进行了深入研究。文件1(CN 107033988 A)公开了一种微碳球油基润滑油及其制备方法，具体为包含微碳球和润滑介质，所述的碳微球直径400-500nm，质量占润滑液总质量0.1～10％，余量为润滑介质。文件2(CN 108130159 A)公开了一种石墨烯水润滑添加剂及其制备方法与应用，具体为使包含聚乙二醇、桥联剂、氨基保护的乙醇胺的均匀混合体系反应形成具有氨基的聚乙二醇衍生物，使所述具有氨基的聚乙二醇衍生物作为改性剂和羧基化石墨烯进行酰胺化反应，形成单端带有氨基的聚乙二醇衍生物改性羧基化石墨烯，获得石墨烯水润滑添加剂。。上述两种方法虽然均能实现润滑液的制备，但均分两步制备，必须先制备碳微球或石墨烯，再加入基础油中形成润滑液，导致制备步骤繁琐、成本高。
碳点(CDs)，又称碳量子点，是一种新型碳纳米荧光纳米材料，于2004年被人们通过电泳净化纳米管时首次发现。由于其优越的性能，如粒度小、合成方法简单、表面基团多等，被应用在润滑领域并取得了较好的减磨效果。文件3(B.Wang,W.Tang,H.Lu,Z.Huang,Ionic liquid capped carbon dots as a high-performance friction-reducing andantiwear additive for poly(ethylene glycol),Journal of Materials Chemistry A4(19)(2016)7257-7265.DOI：10.1039/c6ta01098a)研究了一种含CDs的水溶性润滑液，具体为两步法制备润滑剂。首先通过热浴法制备CDs，再将CDs加入PEG中形成润滑液，该润滑液可大幅度降低平均摩擦系数和磨痕半径。但是，该研究依旧分两步制备，且制备CDs的步骤繁琐，难以实现大规模制备。
上述三种方法虽然均能实现润滑液的制备，但明显存在耗时长、工序多、成本高等问题。且合成的石墨烯量子点均溶解在液体中，需要进一步提纯烘干才能得到石墨烯量子点粉末。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有制备方法中存在的耗时长、工序多、成本高等问题，提供一种一步快速、便捷制备润滑液的方法。
本发明的技术方案：
一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，步骤如下：
以聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液为基础油，将柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物加入PEG溶液中；使用晃动、加热或超声等手段辅助使柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物溶于PEG溶液即制成含碳点的水溶性润滑液。
所述的柠檬酸与尿素的质量比不小于0.1：1。
所述的柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物加入PEG溶液的浓度为0.1～2wt％。
所述的水溶性润滑液可进一步加入抗氧化剂、抗腐剂、防锈剂、桥联剂等添加剂。
所述的聚乙二醇(PEG)的型号为PEG-200、PEG-400或PEG-600。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)提供一步快速制备润滑液方法，简单易控；
(2)使用原料来源广、价格低、不需预处理，可大规模生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明的流程图。
图2为实施例1所制备润滑液的透射电镜(TEM)图。
图3为PEG基础油及实施例1所制备润滑液的摩擦系数曲线。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的一个具体实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述。
实施例1
本实施例中所用柠檬酸、尿素、PEG-400购买自天津市科密欧化学试剂有限公司，纯度为分析纯。所用样品直接使用不用进一步处理。实施例中使用的超声仪为舒美KQ118，功率50W。实施例中采用四球摩擦实验测定润滑液的摩擦性能，所用仪器为MMW-1A摩擦磨损试验机(济南益华摩擦学测试技术有限公司)。四球摩擦实验参数：载荷600N，转速1200rpm，时间60min，温度75℃。
一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，具体步骤为：
步骤一、以PEG-400为基础油，将柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物加入14mL的PEG溶液中；
步骤二、使用超声仪辅助，使柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物溶于PEG溶液即制成含碳点的水溶性润滑液。
步骤一中所述的柠檬酸与尿素的质量比为1：1；所述的柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物加入PEG溶液的浓度为0.8wt％。制备完成的润滑液不添加任何添加剂。
从图2可知，本发明所制备润滑液中含有的CDs分散度良好、粒度较均匀。
图3为PEG基础油及实施例1所制备润滑液的摩擦系数曲线，由此可知，所制备的润滑液大大降低了摩擦系数，有很好的润滑性。

Claims (10)

1.一步制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
以聚乙二醇PEG溶液为基础油，将柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物加入PEG溶液中；使柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物溶于PEG溶液即制成含碳点的水溶性润滑液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，所述的柠檬酸与尿素的质量比不小于0.1：1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，所述的柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物在PEG溶液中的浓度为0.1～2wt％。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，所述的水溶性润滑液中进一步加入抗氧化剂、抗腐剂、防锈剂、桥联剂中的一种或两种以上混合。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，所述的水溶性润滑液中进一步加入抗氧化剂、抗腐剂、防锈剂、桥联剂中的一种或两种以上混合。
6.根据权利要求1、2或5所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，所述的聚乙二醇为PEG-200、PEG-400或PEG-600。
7.根据权利要求3所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，所述的聚乙二醇为PEG-200、PEG-400或PEG-600。
8.根据权利要求4所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，所述的聚乙二醇为PEG-200、PEG-400或PEG-600。
9.根据权利要求1、2、5、7或8所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，使用晃动、加热或超声手段辅助柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物溶于PEG溶液中。
10.根据权利要求6所述的制备含碳点的水溶性润滑液方法，其特征在于，使用晃动、加热或超声手段辅助柠檬酸和尿素固态混合物溶于PEG溶液中。
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CN111849585A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-30 西安航空职业技术学院 一种氧化石墨烯-聚乙二醇交联网络/碳微球复合材料的制备方法
CN113817280A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-21 南京雷泰克材料科技有限公司 一种软质抗菌聚氯乙烯材料的制备方法
CN114686216A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-01 南京理工大学 双功能纳米润滑添加剂及其制备方法

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CN106085575A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2016-11-09 西华大学 一种水基型金属切削液及其制备方法
CN107236542A (zh) * 2017-07-21 2017-10-10 武汉大学 基于掺氮碳点荧光膜的制备方法

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CN103468384A (zh) * 2013-08-24 2013-12-25 天长市康和金属材料有限公司 一种水性拉丝润滑剂
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CN111849585A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-30 西安航空职业技术学院 一种氧化石墨烯-聚乙二醇交联网络/碳微球复合材料的制备方法
CN114686216A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-01 南京理工大学 双功能纳米润滑添加剂及其制备方法
CN114686216B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2023-06-09 南京理工大学 双功能纳米润滑添加剂及其制备方法
CN113817280A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-21 南京雷泰克材料科技有限公司 一种软质抗菌聚氯乙烯材料的制备方法

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