CN109232426B - 一种n-羟基-5-取代-1h-吡唑-3-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种n-羟基-5-取代-1h-吡唑-3-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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CN109232426B
CN109232426B CN201811233361.5A CN201811233361A CN109232426B CN 109232426 B CN109232426 B CN 109232426B CN 201811233361 A CN201811233361 A CN 201811233361A CN 109232426 B CN109232426 B CN 109232426B
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王进欣
杨侃
支卓尔
农克意
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Abstract

本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及一种N‑羟基‑5‑取代‑1H‑吡唑‑3‑甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法和用途。本发明提供的该类化合物具体结构为式I所示.本发明还提供了式I中化合物的合成方法及其对酸性鞘磷脂酶的抑制活性。该类化合物可用于开发治疗动脉粥样硬化(AS)、糖尿病、肺气肿、肺水肿、肺部纤维化、囊性纤维化、慢阻肺、肺动脉高压、非酒精性脂肪肝、阿尔兹海默(AD)、多发性硬化症(MS)、脑卒中、抑郁症相关药物。

Description

一种N-羟基-5-取代-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法 和用途
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及式I所示的化合物、其制备方法及其在相关疾病中的应用。
Figure BSA0000172320410000011
背景技术
神经酰胺是一种重要的第二信使,在信号转导过程中发挥重要作用,参与多种细胞功能,如调节细胞生长、增殖、变异,引起细胞凋亡,调节蛋白质分泌,参与免疫过程及炎症反应等作用(Progress in Lipid Research,2016,61:51-62)。
由酸性鞘磷脂酶水解鞘磷脂是体内生成神经酰胺最快最直接的途径。迄今为止,已发现多种内源性和外源性的因子包括肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-β(IL-β)、干扰素-γ等,以及氧化应激、离子辐射、紫外线照射、热撞击、创伤、细菌感染和化学试剂等均可以激活酸性鞘磷脂酶,导致神经酰胺的大量生成和聚集。神经酰胺水平升高后,一方面自身可以作为脂质信号分子参与体内信号转导,另一方面在细胞膜聚集,形成脂质信号平台,参与细胞内外的信号转运和物质传递(FEBS Lett,2010,584(9):1728-1740)。
大量研究表明,酸性鞘磷脂酶-神经酰胺通路参与体内炎症、细胞凋亡和氧化应激等过程,与多种疾病的发生发展密切相关(Progress in Lipid Research,2016,61:51-62;Apoptosis,2015,20:607-620)。目前已发现酸性鞘磷脂酶参与的疾病包括动脉粥样硬化(AS),糖尿病,肺气肿,肺水肿,肺部纤维化及囊性纤维化(CF),非酒精性脂肪肝,阿尔兹海默(AD),多发性硬化症(MS),抑郁症等(The FASEB Journal,2008,22:3419-3431;Biol.Chem.2015,396:707-736)。
通过抑制酸性鞘磷脂酶,使神经酰胺恢复正常水平,能够有效地缓解相关疾病的病症。但是已报道的酸性鞘磷脂酶直接抑制剂只有底物类似物,二磷酸酯类,3,5-二磷酸肌醇类以及少数的天然产物类。已报到的抑制剂具有选择性差,对类药性差、磷酸酯酶稳定性差、透膜能力差等缺陷,不能应用到相关疾病的药物开发中(Cell Physiol.Biochem.2010,26:01-08)。
因此,酸性鞘磷脂酶是一个潜在的治疗靶点,目前亟需开发新型的抑制剂用于开发治疗相关疾病的候选药物。
发明内容
本发明提供了作为新型酸性鞘磷脂酶直接抑制剂的化合物,制备方法及其在医药中的应用。
本发明提供的化合物如式I所示:
Figure BSA0000172320410000021
式I中,n=0-3,R1选自C1-C10直链烷基、C3-C10支链烷基、C3-C10环烷基、苯基、苄基;R2为单取代双取代,分别位于苯环的邻位、间位或对位,选自氢、C4-C8直链烷基或支链烷基、氟、氯、溴、氰基、芳基、杂环基,OR3
其中R2代表的芳基选自苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基;
所述苯基为无取代、单取代或双取代,双取代时两个取代基不同,取代基选自F、Cl、Br、CF3、CN、C3-C8的直链或支链烷基、C3-C6的环烷基、OR3
其中R2代表的杂环基指含有从氧、氮、硫原子中任选一个或一个以上的杂原子的芳香五元或六元杂环。所述杂环基为无取代或单取代,取代基选自苯基、C3-C8的直链或支链烷基、C3-C6的环烷基、OR3
其中所述取代基中的R3选自H、C1-C4的直链或支链烷基、C3-C6的环烷基、苯基;
本发明所用术语烷烃基包括饱和烷基和不饱和烷基。
本发明另一个目的是提供式I所示的化合物的制备方法:
式I所示化合物的合成方法如下:
Figure BSA0000172320410000022
由中间体1与草酸二乙酯在乙醇钠条件下反应得到中间体2,然后与盐酸肼在甲苯中环化得到中间体3;中间体3与带有R1基团的卤代烷烃或硫酸二甲酯发生取代,得到化合物4,最后4在羟胺钾的甲醇溶液中胺解得到目标化合物。
本发明的又一目的是提供了上述化合物作为酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂的应用。
本发明的又一目的提供上述酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂或其药学上可以接受的盐、酯或前药在制备治疗相关疾病中的应用,包括治疗动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、肺气肿、肺水肿、肺部纤维化、囊性纤维化、慢阻肺、肺动脉高压、非酒精性脂肪肝、阿尔兹海默、多发性硬化症、脑卒中、抑郁症。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但是本发明不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1 本发明部分化合物合成。
5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸乙酯的制备:
Figure BSA0000172320410000031
将383mg(16.7mmol)金属钠分批加入到15mL无水乙醇中,室温搅拌至溶解后加入草酸二乙酯(1.28g,8.75mmol)。取1g(8.33mmol)苯乙酮溶于15mL无水乙醇中后,冰浴下滴加到新制的乙醇钠溶液中,滴加完毕后恢复至室温,搅拌6h后加入15%稀盐酸15mL酸化,随后旋转蒸发除去大部分乙醇,加入10mL水稀释,用100mL乙酸乙酯分三次萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。将溶有产品的乙酸乙酯直接旋干,得中间体的粗品,加入15mL无水乙醇重新溶解,随后加入盐酸肼(1.31g,12.50mmo])并升温至回流,反应2h后冷却至室温,向反应液中加入40mL水并用100mL乙酸乙酯分三次萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。柱层析纯化(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1)后得黄色固体750mg,收率41.7%,M.P.145-146℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.80-7.78(m,2H),7.49-7.40(m,3H),7.15(s,1H),4.44(q,J=6.21Hz,2H),1.44(t,J=6.21Hz,3H);ESI-MS m/z:217.1[M+H]+
1-甲基-5-苯基-1H吡唑-3-羧酸乙酯的制备
Figure BSA0000172320410000032
将原料(100mg,0.46mmol)溶于10mL丙酮中,加入碳酸钾(190mg,1.38mmol)和碘化钾(8mg,0.046mmol),硫酸二甲酯(31.5mg,0.25mmol),回流反应4h,TLC检测反应完毕后过滤,用10mL乙酸乙酯和10mL二氯甲烷洗涤滤饼至无荧光,合并滤液并浓缩,柱层析纯化(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1)后得黄色固体99mg,收率93.4%,ESI-MS m/z:231.2[M+H]+
N-羟基-1-甲基-5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-1)
Figure BSA0000172320410000033
将原料100mg(0.435mmol)用2mL甲醇溶解,加入2mL 1.76M的羟胺钾的甲醇溶液,氮气保护下室温搅拌6h,加入15%HCl水溶液调至酸性,析出终产物71mg,收率75.0%。1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.34(s,1H),9.33(s,1H),7.81-7.79(m,2H),7.51-7.35(m,3H),7.12(m,1H),3.95(s,3H),ESI-MS m/z:218.1[M+H]+
N-羟基-1-辛基-5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-2)
Figure BSA0000172320410000041
参照I-1的合成方法,得黄色固体产物75mg,收率78.1%,M.P.84-85℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.34(s,1H),9.33(s,1H),7.81-7.78(m,2H),7.50-7.35(m,3H),7.12(m,1H),4.52(t,J=7.20Hz,2H),1.81(m,2H),1.29-1.28(m,10H),0.88(t,J=6.00Hz,3H),ESI-MS m/z:316.2[M+H]+,338.2[M+Na]+
1-癸基-N-羟基-5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-3)
Figure BSA0000172320410000042
参照I-1的合成方法,得黄色固体产物51mg,收率52.9%,M.P.57-58℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.73-7.70(m,2H),7.39-7.30(m,3H),6.78(m,1H),4.49(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),1.82(m,2H),1.20(m,14H),0.87(t,J=6.60Hz,3H),ESI-MS m/z:344.2[M+H]+
1-癸基-N-羟基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-6)
Figure BSA0000172320410000043
参照I-1的合成方法,得到黄色固体产物55mg,56.9%,M.P.87-91℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.27(s,1H),9.28(s,1H),7.69-7.66(m,2H),6.99-6.97(m,3H),4.45(t,J=6.90,2H),3.77(s,3H),7.74(m,2H),1.21(m,14H),0.83-0.81(m,3H);ESI-MS m/z:374.3[M+H]+
5-(4-溴苯基)-1-癸基-N-羟基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-7)
Figure BSA0000172320410000044
参照I-1的合成方法,得到黄色固体产物61mg,收率62.9%,M.P.126-127℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.87(s,1H),7.66-7.64(m,2H),7.55-7.53(m,2H),6.76(s,1H),4.55(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),1.88(m,2H),1.31-1.25(m,14H),0.81(t,J=6.6Hz,3H),ESI-MS m/z:420.2[M-H]-
5-(4-溴苯基)-1-(4-氯苯基)-N-羟基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-9)
Figure BSA0000172320410000051
参照5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸乙酯的合成方法,以对氯苯肼为原料,首先得到吡唑环中间体,随后参照参照I-1的合成方法,得到白色固体产物,收率52%,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.18(s,1H),9.11(s,1H),7.61-7.59(m,2H),7.55-7.53(m,2H),7.38-7.35(m,2H),7.23-7.20(m,2H),7.03(s,1H);ESI-MS m/z:519.0[M+H]-
5-(4-溴苯基)-1-(4-甲基苯基)-N-羟基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-10)
Figure BSA0000172320410000052
参照I-9的合成方法,得到白色固体,收率40%,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.10(s,1H),9.03(s,1H),7.58-7.55(m,2H),7.27-7.17(m,6H),6.99(s,1H),3.20(s,3H);ESI-MS m/z:499.0[M+H]-
实施例2 化合物抑制酸性鞘磷脂酶活性实验。
酸性鞘磷脂酶可在细胞内水解鞘磷脂生成神经酰胺,针对一定量的荧光标记的反应底物,不同的酶活性催化生成不同量的产物,通过检测产物的含量可以考察酶活性的高低。本发明依据此原理进行实验设计。提取已培养好的细胞中的蛋白,加入缓冲液、荧光标记的反应底物,然后分别加入不同浓度的化合物,设置空白对照组,反应结束后进行荧光分析,最后计算化合物的IC50值。
具体结果如表所示:
表1:本发明部分化合物的酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制活性
Figure BSA0000172320410000053

Claims (6)

1.一种含有异羟肟酸的化合物,其结构由式I所示:
Figure FSB0000199789890000011
或式I化合物的药学上可接受的盐;
其中,n=0,R1为C1-C10饱和直链烷基、无取代或单取代的苯基,取代基为F、Cl、Br、CF3;R2为氢、氟、氯、溴、芳基、OR3,位于苯环的邻位、间位或对位;
其中R2中所述的芳基为无取代或单取代的苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基,取代基为F、Cl、Br、CF3
其中R3为C1-C4的直链或支链烷基;
或者,式I化合物为
Figure FSB0000199789890000012
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,R1为甲基、乙基、正丙基、环丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、正癸基、苯基;R2为苯基、4-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、2-氯苯基、4-氟苯基、3-氟苯基、2-氟苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、OCH3、OCH2CH2CH2CH3
3.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,式I化合物具体为:
Figure FSB0000199789890000013
4.一种如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂的药物中的应用。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用,所述的药物为用于治疗动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、肺气肿、肺水肿、肺部纤维化、囊性纤维化、非酒精性脂肪肝、阿尔兹海默、多发性硬化症、脑卒中、抑郁症方面的药物。
6.如权利要求4所述的应用,所述的药物为用于治疗动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、囊性纤维化、肺部纤维化、抑郁症方面的药物。
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WO2005040161A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-06 S*Bio Pte Ltd Biaryl linked hydroxamates: preparation and pharmaceutical applications
CN101918389A (zh) * 2007-11-02 2010-12-15 梅特希尔基因公司 组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂
CN108250105A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-06 中国药科大学 一种酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂及其在相关疾病中的应用

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WO2005040161A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-06 S*Bio Pte Ltd Biaryl linked hydroxamates: preparation and pharmaceutical applications
CN101918389A (zh) * 2007-11-02 2010-12-15 梅特希尔基因公司 组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂
CN108250105A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-06 中国药科大学 一种酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂及其在相关疾病中的应用

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