CN109202089B - 一种陶瓷/金属共烧结制备球齿的方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷/金属共烧结制备球齿的方法 Download PDF

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CN109202089B
CN109202089B CN201810543436.3A CN201810543436A CN109202089B CN 109202089 B CN109202089 B CN 109202089B CN 201810543436 A CN201810543436 A CN 201810543436A CN 109202089 B CN109202089 B CN 109202089B
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何浩
陈明军
陈永志
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Guangxi Sidaben Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种陶瓷/金属共烧结制备球齿的方法,包括以下步骤:A、将粒径为25~50nm的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质量比为(98~99)∶1;B、将粒径为80~120μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡混合均匀,4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡的质量比为(98~99)∶1;C、在模具中插入薄片,在薄片两侧装填氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢粉末,然后抽出薄片并沿薄片插入方向压制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为45~50%,金属端致密度为70~75%;D、将生坯在真空度为(1~2)×10‑2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟2~3℃,在1300~1350℃下保温2~3小时,然后随炉冷却至室温。本发明可提高氧化锆陶瓷与4140高强度合金钢粉末的共烧结性能,同时通过对烧结温度范围合理选择和有效控制,可提高金属与陶瓷界面的结合强度。

Description

一种陶瓷/金属共烧结制备球齿的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷/金属共烧结制备球齿的方法。
背景技术
为适应机械化掘进工作,需要在掘进机、采煤机等机械装备的工作部加装 截齿。而作为这些重型装备的“牙齿”,截齿又叫刀齿,是采掘机械切割煤和岩 石的重要部件,根据不同的使用工况,截齿分为:煤截齿、掘进机截齿、旋挖 机截齿等。根据截齿的不同形状截齿又分为:扁截齿、锥形截齿、径向截齿、 切向截齿等。截齿分为齿体与球齿,齿体一般使用42CrMo低合金钢通过铸造、 锻造等方式制得。球齿又叫刀头,是加装在截齿齿体前端的主要工作部件。因 为球齿的工作环境特殊,球齿一般具有高硬度(85HRA)的硬质合金制得。但是, 硬质合金在800℃时,其高温稳定性变差,硬度降低。就目前球齿而言,其主要 失效形式是由于硬质合金硬度不达标而使球齿使用寿命不高。氧化锆陶瓷具有 高硬度(95HRA),其在高温(1700℃)时依然可以保持其化学稳定性,且在高 温(1200℃)时,硬度依然可达80HRA。但是,陶瓷不具有焊接性,这使得直接 使用陶瓷制作刀头的可行性不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决陶瓷焊接性的问题,提供一种界面结合强度高的陶瓷/ 金属共烧结制备球齿的方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明的方法包括以下步骤:A、将粒径为25~50nm 的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质量比为(98~99)∶1;B、 将粒径为80~120μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡混合均匀,4140高强度合 金钢粉末与石蜡的质量比为(98~99)∶1;C、在模具中插入薄片,在薄片两侧 装填氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢粉末,然后抽出薄片并沿薄片插入方向压 制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为45~50%,金属端致密度为70~75%;D、将生坯在 真空度为(1~2)×10-2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟2~3℃,在1300~1350℃ 下保温2~3小时,然后随炉冷却至室温。
优选地,所述薄片的厚度为0.5~1mm。
优选地,在B步骤中的4140高强度合金钢粉末中添加B粉,并混合均匀, 所述B粉的质量占的4140高强度合金钢粉末质量的0.4~0.8%。
本发明采用25~50nm的氧化锆粉末和80~120μm的4140高强度合金钢粉 末,可提高氧化锆陶瓷与4140高强度合金钢粉末的共烧结性能,同时通过对烧 结温度范围合理选择和有效控制,可提高金属与陶瓷界面的结合强度。采用本 发明的方法可使成品中金属端的致密度为95.3%,陶瓷端的致密度为96%;烧结 试样的界面结合强度达到450MPa。本发明采用在4140高强度合金钢粉末中添加 B元素粉,利用Fe-B液相的润湿作用,有效提高了金属与陶瓷的结合强度,使 界面结合强度达到了600MPa。此时,金属端的致密度达到了97.8%,陶瓷端致 密度可达99%。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明。
实施例1:
A、将粒径为25nm的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质 量比为98∶1;B、将粒径为80μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡混合均匀, 4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡的质量比为98∶1;C、在模具中插入厚度为0.5mm 的薄片,在薄片两侧装填掺入石蜡的氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢粉末,然 后抽出片并沿薄片插入方向压制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为45%,金属端致密度为 70%;D、将生坯在真空度为1×10-2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟2℃,在1300℃ 下保温2小时,然后随炉冷却至室温。
实施例2:
A、将粒径为30nm的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质 量比为99∶1;B、将粒径为90μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡混合均匀, 4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡的质量比为99∶1;C、在模具中插入厚度为1mm 的薄片,在薄片两侧装填掺入石蜡的氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢粉末,然 后抽出薄片并沿薄片插入方向压制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为48%,金属端致密度 为72%;D、将生坯在真空度为1×10-2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟2℃,在1350℃ 下保温2小时,然后随炉冷却至室温。检测成品的力学性能,得到烧结试样的 界面结合强度达到450MPa。所得成品中金属端的致密度为95.3%、陶瓷端的致 密度为96%。
实施例3:
A、将粒径为50nm的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质 量比为99∶1;B、在粒径为120μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末中添加B粉,并混 合均匀,所述B粉的质量占的4140高强度合金钢粉末质量的0.4%,采用机械球 磨的方式混合均匀,再将混合粉末与石蜡混合均匀,4140高强度合金钢混合粉 末与石蜡的质量比为99∶1;C、在模具中插入厚度为0.8mm的薄片,在薄片两 侧装填掺入石蜡的氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢混合粉末,然后抽出薄片并 沿薄片插入方向压制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为50%,金属端致密度为75%;D、 将生坯在真空度为1.5×10-2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟2℃,在1340℃下保 温3小时,然后随炉冷却至室温。检测成品的力学性能,得到烧结试样的界面 结合强度达到600MPa。所得成品中金属端的致密度为97.8%、陶瓷端的致密度 为99%。
实施例4:
A、将粒径为45nm的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质 量比为99∶1;B、在粒径为100μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末中添加B粉,并混 合均匀,所述B粉的质量占的4140高强度合金钢粉末质量的0.8%,采用机械球 磨的方式混合均匀,再将混合粉末与石蜡混合均匀,4140高强度合金钢混合粉 末与石蜡的质量比为99∶1;C、在模具中插入厚度为1mm的薄片,在薄片两侧 装填掺入石蜡的氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢混合粉末,然后抽出薄片并沿 薄片插入方向压制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为48%,金属端致密度为73%;D、将 生坯在真空度为1×10-2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟3℃,在1350℃下保温3 小时,然后随炉冷却至室温。检测成品的力学性能,得到烧结试样的界面结合 强度达到580MPa。所得成品中金属端的致密度为97%、陶瓷端的致密度为98%。
实施例5:
A、将粒径为50nm的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质 量比为99∶1;B、在粒径为120μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末中添加B粉,并混 合均匀,所述B粉的质量占的4140高强度合金钢粉末质量的0.6%,采用机械球 磨的方式混合均匀,再将混合粉末与石蜡混合均匀,4140高强度合金钢混合粉 末与石蜡的质量比为99∶1;C、在模具中插入厚度为0.8mm的薄片,在薄片两 侧装填掺入石蜡的氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢混合粉末,然后抽出薄片并 沿薄片插入方向压制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为50%,金属端致密度为75%;D、 将生坯在真空度为1.2×10-2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟2℃,在1340℃下保 温3小时,然后随炉冷却至室温。检测成品的力学性能,得到烧结试样的界面 结合强度达到600MPa。所得成品中金属端的致密度为97.3%、陶瓷端的致密度 为99%。
以上所述设计参数仅为本发明部分实例,故不能以此限定本发明的实施范 围,依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所做的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本 发明专利涵盖的范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种陶瓷/金属共烧结制备球齿的方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:A、将粒径为25~50nm的氧化锆粉末与石蜡混合均匀,氧化锆粉末与石蜡的质量比为(98~99)∶1;B、将粒径为80~120μm的4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡混合均匀,4140高强度合金钢粉末与石蜡的质量比为(98~99)∶1;C、在模具中插入薄片,在薄片两侧装填氧化锆粉末和4140高强度合金钢粉末,然后抽出薄片并沿薄片插入方向压制成生坯,陶瓷端致密度为45~50%,金属端致密度为70~75%;D、将生坯在真空度为(1~2)×10-2Pa烧结,升温速率为每分钟2~3℃,在1300~1350℃下保温2~3小时,然后随炉冷却至室温;
其中,在B步骤中的4140高强度合金钢粉末中添加B粉,并混合均匀,所述B粉的质量占的4140高强度合金钢粉末质量的0.4~0.8%。
2.根据权利要求1的一种陶瓷/金属共烧结制备球齿的方法,其特征是,所述薄片的厚度为0.5~1mm。
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