CN109197566A - A kind of selection of yellow endosperm rice - Google Patents
A kind of selection of yellow endosperm rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197566A CN109197566A CN201810912674.7A CN201810912674A CN109197566A CN 109197566 A CN109197566 A CN 109197566A CN 201810912674 A CN201810912674 A CN 201810912674A CN 109197566 A CN109197566 A CN 109197566A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of selections of yellow endosperm rice, this method comprises: be parent A with high fat content rice, high amylose content rice is parent B, the rice of yellow blade is parent C, is female parent with parent A, hybridize respectively with parent B and parent C, obtains F1A/BAnd F1A/C;With F1A/CFor maternal phase mutual cross, the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations is obtained1Generation;F1Generation selfing, obtains F2For seed;Select and remain the F of yellow endosperm2It is planted for seed, constructs doubled haploid;Successively plant DH1~DH4It is generation, continuous to be selfed, and using yellow endosperm, high amylose content, high fat content, yield, economical character and anthocyanidin etc. as screening index, obtain yellow endosperm rice.Yellow endosperm rice of the present invention, has yellow endosperm, and high amylose content, high-fat and high anthocyanidin content develop natural yellow rice noodles, meet natural, healthy consumption demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rice breeding technology field more particularly to a kind of selections of yellow endosperm rice.
Background technique
The colour Special rice such as black rice, red rice, purple rice, glutinous millet, is the main material of China's tonic, has research to be dedicated to coloured silk
The breeding of color Special rice.
Application publication number is that the application for a patent for invention of CN102524052A discloses and a kind of has the function of to produce colorful rice rice
Selection, the selection the following steps are included: (1) select three systems keep being that B makees it is maternal with Black Rice paternal hybrid, it is miscellaneous
A kind generation and holding are to be returned in B mostly generation, and breeding skin containing black race and other characters and holding are that the consistent holding of B is black B;(2) it uses
It keeps being the corresponding sterile line A of B with holding being that black B hybridizes and produces sterile line black A, the black seed coat gene containing heterozygosis with three systems;(3)
Hybridize with the glutinous R of restorer giant embryo production F-1 hybrids seed " miscellaneous F1 " with sterile line black A, at the same the skin of black race containing heterozygosis, giant embryo and
Glutinous gene;(4) F-1 hybrids seed " miscellaneous F1 " is i.e. as production kind.
Application publication number is that the application for a patent for invention of CN102630557A discloses a kind of functional formula rice variety
Selection;The invention selects the upper rice varieties that popularizing area is larger and quality is good of production to make recurrent parent, respectively with black rice
In rice, purple rice rice, red rice rice, glutinous rice, giant embryo rice hybridization, offspring and recurrent parent mostly generation, are returned, breeding economical character and circulation parent
This is close, and be respectively provided with black rice, purple rice, red rice, glutinous rice, giant embryo rice character near isogenic lines strain, mix by a certain percentage
Close the production kind into formula rice.
But regrettably, the function nutrition of so-called colorful rice only exists among kind of skin, that is, rough in five cereals
Rice is more advantageous to health in a way.What people ate is all highed milled rice, predominantly endosperm, i.e., paddy carries out finishing grinding
Remove after kind of a skin (bran chaff) becomes polished rice, just substantially completely loses the special dietaries ingredient such as pigment being rich in kind of skin.
Therefore, fortification is carried out to highed milled rice, not only can effectively solves the above problems, polished rice can also be dramatically increased
Nutritional quality and economic value.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the academy of sciences of China academician Liu Yao light seminar takes the lead in losing by the rice of mediated by agriculture bacillus
Conversion is passed, anthocyanidin is realized in japonica rice (ZH11) and long-grained nonglutinous rice (HG1) in the special synthesis of endosperm, creates transgenosis for the first time
Yellow endosperm rice " amethyst rice ".Regrettably, under current background, the commercialization of transgenosis yellow endosperm rice is difficult.
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of selection of yellow endosperm rice, it is the endosperm health care of non-transgenic yellow
Rice breeding and its utilization lay the foundation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of selection of yellow endosperm rice, the yellow endosperm water of this method breeding
Rice not only has normal yellow-white kind skin and a yellow endosperm, amylose content, fat and anthocyanidin content also with higher,
Meet natural food, safe and healthy growth requirement, also the profound utilization for natural yellow endosperm rice lays the foundation.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
A kind of selection of yellow endosperm rice, comprising:
(1) with the rice of high fat content for parent A, the rice of high amylose content is parent B, the water of blade yellow
Rice is parent C, is female parent with parent A, hybridizes respectively with parent B and parent C, obtain the F of two single crosses1A/BAnd F1A/CSeed;
(2) F is planted1A/BAnd F1A/C, with F1A/CFor maternal phase mutual cross, the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations is obtained1Generation;
(3) F is planted1Generation, selfing obtain F2Generation;
(4) F is selected2It is planted for the seed of mesosperm yellow-white, endosperm yellow, constructs double rate DH0,
DH is harvested by single plant1For seed;
(5) DH is planted1Generation, selfing, with kind of a Beijing opera white, endosperm yellow, amylose content >=40% and fat content
>=2% is screening index, harvests DH2Generation;
(6) DH is planted2Generation, selfing, with kind of a Beijing opera white, endosperm yellow, amylose content >=40%, fat content >=
2% and agronomic shape be screening index, harvest DH3Generation;
(7) DH is planted3Generation, with yellow endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more with the compound bodily form of Starch-lipid
Formula exists, economical character and yield are screening index, harvests DH4Generation;
(8) DH is planted4Generation, with yellow endosperm, amylose >=40%, fat content >=2%, economical character, yield and
Anthocyanidin is screening index, obtains the yellow endosperm rice of sizing.
On the basis of the quality of polished rice of the content of above-mentioned amylose and fat after removing kind of skin.
Fat includes the fat in conjunction with starch and the fat in conjunction with non-starch in rice.In the back of high amylose content
Under scape, fat preferably can form Starch-lipid complex with amylose, generate starch fat.And it is each in rice
Kind pigment system flavonoids nutriment, has good dissolution characteristic of accumulation in oily (fat).Exactly contain in high amylose starches
The melanin carried in blade yellow under the premise of amount and high starch fat content, in parent can be with Starch-lipid complex
Approach forms accumulation.
Preferably, in terms of the quality of polished rice, fat content >=2% of the parent A.
Preferably, the parent A is ZDR-hl-01.
ZDR-hl-01 is the high fat content rice special of Zhejiang University's breeding, and being purchased from Haining Kang Rui biotechnology has
Limit company.The rice fat content is high (2.2%), and amylose content is medium (15.4%), and rice kind skin is normal yellowish-white
Color, endosperm are normal hyaline.
Preferably, in terms of the quality of polished rice, amylose content >=40% of the parent B.
Preferably, the parent B is ZDR-ha-01.
ZDR-ha-01 is the high amylose content rice special of Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences breeding,
It is purchased from the institute.The rice is high amylose content (45.1%), and fat content is general (0.7%), and rice kind skin is normal
Yellow-white, endosperm is normal hyaline.
Preferably, the parent C is the yellow color standing grain of Zhejiang University.
The blade of Huang Caiheshi Zhejiang University of Zhejiang University atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences breeding is the rice of yellow, can be given
Or it exchanges from the institute.The rice seed skin is normal yellow-white, and endosperm is normal hyaline, and amylose content is low (1.2%), rouge
Fat content is low (0.2%).
The yellow color standing grain of ZDR-hl-01, ZDR-hal-01, Zhejiang University is selected to hybridize combo, the yellow endosperm rice of breeding, is normal
Yellow-white kind skin, yellow endosperm, high amylose starches, high-fat efficient combination, the health cares such as anthocyanidin relevant to yellow endosperm
Ingredient is expressed in the endosperm of daily consumption.
Preferably, constructing double rate by the way of Anther Culture in step (4).
Preferably, the economical character includes the time of infertility, plant height, tiller, spike length, every fringe in step (6)~(8)
Grain number, setting percentage and mass of 1000 kernel.
It is further preferred that the time of infertility is described plant height 105cm or so within 130 days, setting percentage >=90%, mass of 1000 kernel
24~26g.
Preferably, in step (6), yield >=350 kg/acre.It is further preferred that yield >=400 kg/acre.
The kind of breeding of the present invention due to being 4-5 times of common rice kind with very high fat content (2%),
In addition amylose content >=40% easily leads to hollow kernels, larger to yield effect, described control in screening process is produced
>=350 kgs/acre of amount.
On economical character, since the time that Starch-lipid complex (starch fat) is formed and accumulated is longer, Yi Jisui
Pigment is formed afterwards and accumulation is all in the later period of kernel grouting maturation, so the time of infertility of Cultivars cannot be (130 days too long
Within), in case later period low temperature and adverse weather influence grouting maturation.Plant height answers moderate (105 centimetres or so) resistant to lodging, Yi Mianying
Ring full seed;Tiller is medium, fringe size claims, and general fringe is not easy that too long, number of grain per ear is medium, to ensure that grain quality is equal
Even, ripe degree is consistent;Setting percentage is high, 90% or more;Mass of 1000 kernel is moderate (25 grams or so), in order to avoid excessive too small influence accumulation and production
Amount.
In step (8), on the basis of polished rice dry weight, the anthocyanidin content >=0.3mg/g dw.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) the yellow endosperm rice of breeding of the present invention, not only have normal yellow-white kind skin and yellow endosperm, also have compared with
High amylose content, fat and anthocyanidin content, it is functional without yellow rice noodles class can be developed with food color
Agricultural product.
(2) present invention takes the strategy respectively with other 2 parents using high-fat parent as core, can be with height
Amylose preferably forms Starch-lipid complex, so that high starch fat is generated, total fat high in this way and high starch
The dual strategy of fat content preferably ensures the breeding of yellow endosperm rice.
Specific embodiment
1, breeding material:
(1) parent A is ZDR-hl-01, is by the high fat content of Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences breeding
Rice special is purchased from the institute.The rice fat content is high (2.2%), and amylose content is medium (15.4%), rice kind skin
For normal yellow-white, endosperm is normal hyaline.
(2) parent B is ZDR-ha-01, is by the high amylose starches of Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences breeding
Content rice special is purchased from the institute.The rice is high amylose content (45.1%), and fat content is general (0.7%), greatly
Rice kind skin is normal yellow-white, and endosperm is normal hyaline.
(3) parent C is the yellow color standing grain of Zhejiang University, be by the blade of Zhejiang University's atomic nucleus Institute of agricultural sciences breeding is color
Yellow rice can be given or be exchanged from the institute.The rice seed skin is normal yellow-white, and endosperm is normal hyaline, and low straight chain forms sediment
Powder content (1.2%), fat content are low (0.2%).
2, measuring method
The determination of fat is referring to measurement (GB 5009.6-2016) fatty in national standard-food;Starch-lipid is multiple
Zoarium by measurement starch total lipid content, referring to the total fat test of national standard-starch (GB/T 22427.3-2008) into
Row detection;Amylose content determination is referring to national standard-Rice Amylose content measurement GB/T 15683-2008.
3, the polymerization Breeding Process of yellow endosperm rice is as follows:
(1) 2013 year spring, Hainan Lingshui select the rice of high fat content for parent A (ZDR-hl-01), high straight chain
The rice of content of starch is parent B (ZDR-ha-01), and kind skin is that the rice of black is parent C (the yellow color standing grain of Zhejiang University), with parent A
For female parent, hybridize respectively with parent B and parent C, obtains the F of two single crosses1(ZDR-hl-01/ZDR-ha-01) 4, seed and F1
(the yellow color standing grain of ZDR-hl-01/ Zhejiang University) 3, seed;
(2) 2013 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant the F of two single crosses1(ZDR-hl-01/ZDR-ha-01) 4 plants and F1
3 plants of (the yellow color standing grain of ZDR-hl-01/ Zhejiang University), with F1(A/C) it is maternal phase mutual cross, obtains the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations1(ZDR-hl-01/ZDR-ha-
The yellow color standing grain of 01//ZDR-hl-01/ Zhejiang University) generation 3;
The F that reestablishes diplomatic relations is planted in (3) 2014 year spring, Hainan Lingshui1, selfing, acquisition F2More than 451, seed;
(4) 2014 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou first observe F2For seed, kind of a Beijing opera white, endosperm yellow seed 81 are selected and remain
Grain is planted, and to 31 plants of plant of the obvious japonica-cline type of performance, constructs double rate DH using Anther Culture0, by single
Strain harvest DH1Generation 198;
DH is planted in (5) 2015 years winter-spring seasons, Hainan Lingshui1Generation, selfing are formed sediment with kind of a Beijing opera white, endosperm yellow, straight chain
Powder content >=40% and fat content >=2% are screening index, select DH2Generation 41;
(6) 2015 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant DH2Generation, selfing are formed sediment with kind of a Beijing opera white, endosperm yellow, straight chain
Powder content >=40%, fat content >=2% and agronomic shape are screening index, select DH3Generation 12;
(7) 2016 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant DH3Generation, selfing, with yellow endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and
70% or more, using the presence of Starch-lipid complex form and economical character and yield as screening index, selects DH3Generation 4;
(8) 2017 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant DH4Generation, selfing, with yellow endosperm, amylose >=40%, rouge
Fat content >=2%, economical character, yield and anthocyanidin >=0.3mg/g dw are screening index, the yellow endosperm for harvesting to be formed
1, rice.
Some characteristic index records are as shown in table 1 in each generation.
Situation table is recorded in the screening of each generation character determination of table 1
The main index of sizing rice of the present embodiment breeding: normal yellow-white kind skin, yellow endosperm, high amylose starches
(43.8%) efficient combination of-fatty (2.2%), anthocyanidin (0.36mg/g dw).And parent A (ZDR-hl-01) kind skin is positive
Normal yellow-white, endosperm are normal hyaline, crude fat content 2.2%, and amylose content is medium (15.4%);Parent B (ZDR-
Ha-01) high amylose content (45.1%), fat content is general (0.7%), and rice kind skin is normal yellow-white, endosperm
For normal hyaline;Parent C (the yellow color standing grain of Zhejiang University) kind skin is black, and endosperm is normal hyaline, and amylose content is low (1.5%),
Fat content 0.2%.
It is determined after above-mentioned screening obtains approved product, and to its a variety of nutritive index, approved product and its parent
This index determining is shown in Table 2.
The measuring method of each index is as follows in table 2:
Fat: GB/T5009.6-2003;Amylose: GB/T 15683-2008;Anthocyanidin: G B/T 22244-
2008;Vitamin A: GB/T5009.82-2003;Vitamin B1: GB/T5009.84-2003;Vitamin B2: GB/T5009.85-
2003;Vitamin E: GB/T5009.82-2003.
By the data in table 2 it is found that in approved product, in nutritional ingredient, approved product polymerize 2 parents the advantages of,
Rich in fat, amylose, while the content of anthocyanidin content and VA are higher than parent.Be formed rice yield be 357 kilograms/
Mu.
The main nutrient composition of table 2ZDR-hal-01, the yellow color standing grain of Zhejiang University and approved product compare
Therefore, this sizing rice than parent product not only because be rich in anthocyanidin and VA, but also have good healthcare function,
Amylose is high and rich in fat, the deep processed products such as more convenient production natural yellow rice noodles and can have much flavor, be conducive to
The high-quality synergy of product.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of selection of yellow endosperm rice characterized by comprising
(1) with the rice of high fat content for parent A, the rice of high amylose content is parent B, and the rice of blade yellow is
Parent C is female parent with parent A, hybridizes respectively with parent B and parent C, obtain the F of two single crosses1A/BAnd F1A/CSeed;
(2) F is planted1A/BAnd F1A/C, with F1A/CFor maternal phase mutual cross, the F that reestablishes diplomatic relations is obtained1Generation;
(3) F is planted1Generation, selfing obtain F2Generation;
(4) F is selected2It is planted for the seed of mesosperm yellow-white, endosperm yellow, constructs double rate DH0, by single
Strain harvest DH1For seed;
(5) DH is planted1Generation, selfing, with kind of a Beijing opera white, endosperm yellow, amylose content >=40% and fat content >=2%
For screening index, DH is harvested2Generation;
(6) DH is planted2Generation, selfing, with kind of a Beijing opera white, endosperm yellow, amylose content >=40%, fat content >=2% and
Agronomic shape is screening index, harvests DH3Generation;
(7) DH is planted3In generation, is deposited with yellow endosperm, crude fat content >=2% and 70% or more with Starch-lipid complex form
It is screening index in, economical character and yield, harvests DH4Generation;
(8) DH is planted4Generation, with yellow endosperm, amylose >=40%, fat content >=2%, economical character, yield and anthocyanidin
For screening index, the yellow endosperm rice for harvesting to be formed.
2. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in terms of the quality of polished rice, institute
State fat content >=2% of parent A.
3. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent A is ZDR-
hl-01。
4. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in terms of the quality of polished rice, institute
State amylose content >=40% of parent B.
5. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent B is ZDR-
ha-01。
6. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent C is Zhejiang University
Huang Caihe.
7. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), using anther
The mode of culture constructs double rate.
8. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (6)~(8), institute
Stating economical character includes the time of infertility, plant height, tiller, spike length, number of grain per ear, setting percentage and mass of 1000 kernel.
9. the selection of yellow endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (7)~(8), institute
State yield >=350 kg/acre.
10. the selection of red endosperm rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (8), with polished rice
On the basis of dry weight, the anthocyanidin content >=0.3mg/g dw.
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