CN103766210A - Method for cultivating purple wheat by using Taigu genic male sterility wheat germplasm sources - Google Patents

Abstract

Taigu genic male sterility ND 139 wheat introduced from China Agricultural University is used as a female parent, and Xinmai 18 is used as a recurrent parent; the Taigu male sterility ND 139 wheat and the Xinmai 18 are crossed and subjected to continuous six-generation backcross; the pollen of the Xinmai 18 is pollinated to a sterile plant selected from the backcross progeny every time; the seeds of the residue of plants selected from sterile plants pollinated with the pollen of the Xinmai 18 in the basic population of the sixth backcross generation are the genic male sterility wheat Xinmai 18; according to the method, the common wheat Xinmai 18 is transformed into genic male sterility Xinmai 18. The transformed excellent Taigu genic male sterility wheat Xinmai 18 germplasm source is used as a female parent, Shannon purple wheat No. 1 is used as a recurrent parent, the excellent Taigu genic male sterility wheat Xinmai 18 germplasm source and the Shannon purple wheat No. 1 are crossed and subjected to continuous six-generation backcross, the pollen of the Shannon purple wheat No. 1 is pollinated to a sterile plant with excellent agronomic trait, which is selected from the backcross progeny every time, and then a fertile plant with excellent agronomic trait in the basic population of the sixth backcross generation is selected. Single plants of which seeds are all purple are screened from the selected excellent fertile plants, and then wheat of which seeds are all purple are screened according to a common pedigree method.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing dwarfing male sterile Wheat Germplasm Resources to cultivate purple wheat

Be maternal with drawing from dwarfing male sterile agricultural university 139 wheats of China Agricultural University, take new wheat 18 as 6 generations of samsara paternal hybrid continuous backcross, all from backcross progeny, select good sterile strain to award the pollen of new wheat 18 at every turn, in the basic population in the 6th generation that backcrosses, select sterile strain to award plant after the pollen of new wheat 18 and bear seeds and be the new wheat 18 of the sterile wheat of core, according to this kind of method the sterile new wheat 18 of new common wheat wheat 18 transformation nucleation.Take new wheat 18 germ plasm resources of the good good dwarfing male sterile of transformation as maternal, take the purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1 as 6 generations of samsara paternal hybrid continuous backcross, each pollen that all selects the good sterile strain of economical character to award mountain agriculture purple wheat No. 1 from backcross progeny then selects the good fertile plant of economical character in the basic population in the 6th generation that backcrosses.From choose good fertile plant, screening seed is all the individual plant of purple.And then be the wheat of purple entirely according to conventional pedigree method screening seed.Novelty of the present invention is the new method of cultivating purple wheat, creatively utilize white grain dwarfing male sterile wheat as female parent, utilize purple wheat as the hybridization of the male parent technology that backcrosses, practical, make full use of the feature of the male flower stamen abortion of dwarfing male sterile wheat, save a large amount of artificial emasculations, greatly improved breeding efficiency.

Technical field that the present invention belongs to:

The invention belongs to Featured crops new varieties, new technology seed selection field.A kind of high-efficient breeding method that the present invention utilizes the exclusive genetic resources dwarfing male sterile wheat of China and purple wheat-based thereby takes.Make the breeding method of purple wheat occupy at home leading position with leading consciousness.

Background of invention technology:

Along with the development of national economy and the raising day by day of living standards of the people, dietary structure is changed to functional form by simply having adequate food and clothing.Purple wheat has a kind of very special purple seed coat, and the composition that it contains natural anthocyan has very high value (antioxidant), can protect human body cell, reduces disease and occurs.At present, the breeding method that some breeders take is all with white wheat kind and purple wheat hybridizing, seed selection purple wheat from filial generation, and conventional cross method is exactly artificial emasculation.The present invention is mainly the male sterile feature of utilizing dwarfing male sterile Wheat Germplasm Resources, has saved a large amount of artificial emasculations.

Summary of the invention:

A kind of method of utilizing dwarfing male sterile Wheat Germplasm Resources to cultivate purple wheat comprises the following steps:

[001] feature of dwarfing male sterile wheat: dwarfing male sterile wheat is the male sterile material that bright and beautiful township, Taigu County, Shanxi Province Guo Jiabao village Gao Zhongli found in 1972, its sterility is controlled by a dominant gene, gene symbol was Tal originally, the gene symbol of international registration is ms2, the critical period of this gene expression is before and after pollen mother cell forms, Male abortion is very thorough, and genetic stability is good.Dwarfing male sterile is by a Dominant Male Sterility Gene control, because it is positioned on the chromosomal galianconism of 4D, apart from about 31.2 crossing-over units in kinetochore.Dwarfing male sterile wheat female flower is normal, and male flower abortion is thorough, and while blooming, grain husk shell opens, stigma appearing, and when open pollination, outcrossing seed-setting rate is high.The seed that dwarfing male sterile wheat male sterility plant is tied, will be separated into the fertile plant of half left and right and the sterile strain of half left and right all the time.Award the pollen of other wheat to isolated sterile strain, the next generation still has the male sterile of half individual plant again, and from then on second half fertile plant can educate always.

[002] the initiative process of the new wheat 18 of the present invention's dwarfing male sterile wheat used.With drawing dwarfing male sterile wheat agricultural university 139 from China Agricultural University, (dwarfing male sterile agricultural university 139 wheats are open on patent gazette, publication number 1806519, the patent No. 200510002391, it is thorough that dwarfing male sterile wheat agricultural university 139 has Male abortion, the advantage that outcrossing seed-setting rate is high.) be maternal, with new wheat 18 be male parent, in its offspring, select sterile strain to award again the pollen of new wheat 18 wheats, so take new wheat 18 as 6 generations of samsara male parent continuous backcross, all from backcross progeny, select the tree characteristics sterile strain similar to new wheat 18 at every turn, award again the pollen of new wheat 18, the seed bearing wheat of male sterile plant that screening obtains is the new wheat 18 of dwarfing male sterile wheat, the new wheat 18 of dwarfing male sterile wheat that transformation obtains is exactly dwarfing male sterile Wheat Germplasm Resources, so just the new wheat 18 of the sterile wheat of new common wheat wheat 18 transformation nucleation, new wheat 18 becomes the maintainer of the sterile new wheat 18 of core.That is to say that the sterile strain in the new wheat 18 of the sterile wheat of core awards the pollen of new wheat 18 wheats, the tree characteristics of the sterile new wheat 18 of core could be similar to new wheat 18.

[003] brief introduction of the present invention parent Xin Mai 18 used.New wheat 18 variety characteristics.Belong to the short bar mid-early maturity of semiwinterness kind.Seedling stalwartness, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller is high, and cold resistance is good.75 centimetres of left and right of plant height, cane is sturdy, plant type compactness, blade is short, wide, and appearance is delicate and pretty, and fringe layer is neat, and the large fringe of fringe is even, and fecundity is good, and grain number per spike is many.Rectangular fringe, long awns, white shell, white grain, seed are evenly full, and outward appearance commodity is good, hot-dry wind tolerance, and maturation falls yellow good.Output three elements are coordinated, every mu of mature spike number 420,000 left and right, and 38 of number of grain per ears are upper and lower, 41 grams of left and right of thousand kernel weight.Grain test weight is 806 grams per liters, and crude protein content is 15.6%, and wet gluten content is 31.3%, and quality reaches national strong gluten wheat standard.Comprehensive resistance is good, high stripe rust resisting, middle mildew-resistance, leaf rust and banded sclerotial blight, middle sense leaf blight and head blight.Xinxiang academy of agricultural sciences of Xin Mai18Shi Henan Province is bred as on March 1st, 2004 and obtains the protection of kind power, and kind power number is CNA20020241.3.

[004] similarities and differences of the new wheat 18 of dwarfing male sterile and new wheat 18: new wheat 18 is exactly normal white wheat, and the sterile wheat of core is got by 139 transformations of dwarfing male sterile wheat agricultural university by new wheat 18.The sterile new wheat 18 male flower stamen abortion of core, but female flower is normal.The sterile new wheat 18 of core is the same with new wheat 18 on plant forms.The new wheat 18 of the sterile wheat of core can be accepted the pollen of purple wheat and be normally solid.Its offspring still still isolates the sterile strain of half left and right, the fertile plant of half left and right.Award the pollen of other wheat to isolated sterile strain, the next generation still has the male sterile of half individual plant again; Half individual plant can be educated and from then on its offspring can educate always.

[005] purple wheat has a kind of very special purple seed coat, and the composition that it contains natural anthocyan has very high value (antioxidant), can protect human body cell, reduces disease and occurs.Want to cultivate the purple wheat making new advances.Except utilizing the feature of male stamen abortion of dwarfing male sterile wheat, that is to say the feature of the male stamen abortion in dwarfing male sterile wheat, that is to say that the male sterile plant in dwarfing male sterile wheat can only be accomplished female parent, and can not do male parent.Also to there is purple wheat starting material.The present invention No. 1 Xi Cong Shandong Agricultural University of the purple wheat of parent Shan Nong used introduces.Agriculture purple wheat in mountain is for No. 1 that Shandong Agricultural University passes through molecular breeding technology, by the equal red sorghum DNA not belonging to together, directly imports the grain chromatic variation that common wheat Ji core 916 strains obtain, through too much forming for directive breeding by pollen tube channel.Obtain the new variety of plant warrant book that the national Ministry of Agriculture authorizes on March 1st, 2013.Deposit number 20060456.2, notification number: CNA003414E.In September, 2010, authorization numbering: Lu Nong examines No. 2010072, was the purple wheat breed of first formal authorization of Shandong Province by Shandong Province's crop varietal approval committee.Feature: agriculture purple wheat in mountain is semiwinterness kind No. 1, and seedling partly crawls, plant type compactness, plant height 85cm left and right, fringe is similar to rectangle, thousand kernel weight 38-40 gram, grain plumpness is good, hard.High resistance bar rust, leaf rust, gently feel powdery mildew.In maturing stage, isogonic is early, ripe mutually better.Nutritious, purple food is owing to integrating the advantages such as natural color and nutrition and health care, well received at food products market in recent years, No. 1 wholemeal of the purple wheat of mountain agriculture is except joining powder for making the popular foods such as steamed bun, noodles, pancake, cake and purple bread, also can carry out deep processing, relevant expert thinks that the exploitation of purple wheat food have vast potential for future development.Detect according to national Ministry of Agriculture cereal and quality of item supervision and inspection center.The purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1 is compared with common wheat; mineral nutrient element rich content; particularly high to multiple Mineral Elements Contents such as the useful selenium of human body, calcium, zinc, copper, phosphorus, iron; and contain a large amount of natural colouring matters, there is the plurality of health care functions such as anti-oxidant, anti-aging, protection blood vessel, ascorbic acid, pre-anti-cancer.

[006] take the new wheat 18 of the sterile wheat of core as maternal, take the purple wheat of purple wheat mountain agriculture No. 1 as paternal hybrid.Because the male sterile plant in the new wheat 18 of dwarfing male sterile Wheat Germplasm Resources can only do female parent, and can not do male parent, because its male flower stamen abortion.Only have accept the pollen of other wheat breed could be solid.Maternal with new wheat 18 works of the sterile wheat of core, using the purple wheat of mountain agriculture is for No. 1 male parent.The seed of gathering in the crops in the sterile strain of the sterile new wheat 18 of core retains, plant down autumn then, from the colony of filial generation, select good sterile strain to award the pollen of the purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1, from the colony of filial generation, gather in the crops the seed that excellent sterile strains is tied, plant down autumn then, from the colony of filial generation, select again excellent sterile individual plant, award the pollen of the purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1.According to this kind of method take the purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1 as samsara male parent.The male sterile plant that the sterile new wheat 18 of core is awarded in the mountain agriculture hybrid seed progeny population that purple wheat is tied for No. 1 awards mountain agriculture purple No. 16 generations of pollen continuous backcross of wheat again.Each seed that all seed selection excellent sterile individual plant is tied from the colony of backcross progeny.Backcross hybridize to the colony in the 6th generation in choosing can educate individual plant, can educate and individual plant, screen the wheat that seed is purple completely from these.Then from the purple wheat fine individual plant of choosing again according to conventional pedigree method seed selection, can select good purple wheat.Why the present invention makes samsara male parent No. 1 with the purple wheat of mountain agriculture, continuously with each filial generation colony in excellent sterile strains hybridization backcross, and 6 generations that backcrossed.Because maternal with sterile new wheat 18 works of core, do the hybridization of male parent for No. 1 with the purple wheat of mountain agriculture.Just do maternal a large amount of artificial emasculation work of having saved with the male sterile plant of the sterile new wheat 18 of core, because the male flower of the male sterile plant in the sterile new wheat 18 of core is abortion completely, but if be that common white wheat and purple wheat do (1-3 for) offspring of low generation of paternal hybrid and occur that the probability of purple wheat is low.With the low generation of hybridization (1-3 generation) of the sterile new wheat 18 of core and the purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1 no matter be seed color or the seed bearing color of fertile plant that sterile strain is tied in colony, occur that the probability of purple is all very low.So it is maternal that the present invention requires to do with the sterile new wheat 18 of white grain core, does 6 generations of samsara paternal hybrid continuous backcross for No. 1 with the purple wheat of mountain agriculture.The pollen that allows exactly male sterile plant in sterile new wheat 18 progeny populations of white grain core every year accept the purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1 is 6 generations of continuous backcross.Fertile plant from the 6th generation offspring's that backcrosses colony is made basic material.At least select 5000 individual plants, then screening one by one in these 5000 individual plants, if there is there being purple grain to have again the individual plant of white grain all to eliminate in complete white grain plant or same strain, finally only retains the individual plant that seed is all purple.At least retain 50 individual plants.And then the wheat that is all purple take 50 seeds that screen is as basic material, again according to the wheat of conventional pedigree method screening seed purple, applicant has cultivated the wheat line of two purples according to this kind of method, the purple wheat 1301 in tentative Anhui by name, the purple wheat 1302 in Anhui.

Claims (1)

1. be maternal with drawing from dwarfing male sterile agricultural university 139 wheats of China Agricultural University, take new wheat 18 as 6 generations of samsara paternal hybrid continuous backcross, all from backcross progeny, select good sterile strain to award the pollen of new wheat 18 at every turn, in the basic population in the 6th generation that backcrosses, select sterile strain to award plant after the pollen of new wheat 18 and bear seeds and be the new wheat 18 of the sterile wheat of core, according to this kind of method the sterile new wheat 18 of new common wheat wheat 18 transformation nucleation.Take new wheat 18 germ plasm resources of the good good dwarfing male sterile of transformation as maternal, take the purple wheat of mountain agriculture No. 1 as 6 generations of samsara paternal hybrid continuous backcross, each pollen that all selects the good sterile strain of economical character to award mountain agriculture purple wheat No. 1 from backcross progeny then selects the good fertile plant of economical character in the basic population in the 6th generation that backcrosses.From choose good fertile plant, screening seed is all the individual plant of purple.And then be the wheat of purple entirely according to conventional pedigree method screening seed.Novelty of the present invention is the new method of cultivating purple wheat, creatively utilize white grain dwarfing male sterile wheat as female parent, utilize purple wheat as the hybridization of the male parent technology that backcrosses, practical, make full use of the feature of the male flower stamen abortion of dwarfing male sterile wheat, save a large amount of artificial emasculations, greatly improved breeding efficiency.The scope of request protection of the present invention is the method for cultivating purple wheat with dwarfing male sterile Wheat Germplasm Resources.