CN101116421A - Breeding method of hybridized red-glutinous fresh-eating corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding method for fresh-eating red waxy hybrid maize belonging to the hybrid maize breeding field, comprising the procedures as follows: black pearl waxy corn with perfect plasmid and modena grain chosen as male parent and Darfur waxy corn with perfect plasmid and silvery white grain chosen as female parent are hybridized to establish an underlying group; recurrent selection is carried through in the underlying group in the aspects of red grain, waxy property, sweet taste, single plant production capacity, the ability of anti tan disease and lodging resistance, and repeated anisotropic hybridization and self-pollination are carried through to establish a hybridization group; the self-fertilization of parent strain and retrogression choiceness of the hybridization group are completed, vermeil hard grain is produced after 4-6 generations. The breeding method of the invention can breed the fresh-eating and eatable red waxy corn with high officinal value, good mouthfeel, high contents of natural haematochrome and rich nutrition which can be used in industry and as feed and has the advantages of strong ability to resist disease, drought resistance, flood resistance, high yield and fertility.

Description

A kind of breeding method of hybridized red-glutinous fresh-eating corn

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of glutinous corn, belong to hybrid maize breeding field.

Background technology

In recent years, China's people's living standard improves constantly, and is more and more exquisite to the taste and the healthy nutritive value of food.Ever-increasing in order to satisfy people to high-quality, the demand of diversification food, the quality of improving the people's livelihood and eating habit, make agricultural production, especially land utilization efficiency is stablized, continue, develop in a healthy way, the adjustment of pattern of farming is being carried out in China's agricultural production, the cultivated area of special corn is increasing, sweet-waxy maizes particularly, utilize the fresh fruit fringe owing to pluck, southern area can be planted 2-4 season in 1 year, and economic benefit obviously improves, and one season of sweet-waxy maizes of one mu of moderate-yield can be received 750 kilograms of fresh fruit fringes, about thousand yuan of net incomes, exceed 4 times than kind of a value conventional corn.But at present the sweet-waxy maizes kind is mainly white, yellow or atropurpureus, and mouthfeel is uneven, and has length, anti-brown spot, shortcoming that lodging tolerance is not strong of vegetative period.

Summary of the invention

It is uneven to the objective of the invention is to, mouthfeel single at the hybridized sweet and glutinous corn color and luster of using in present production ginseng, and has length, anti-brown spot, defective that lodging tolerance is not strong of vegetative period, proposes a kind of breeding method:

A kind of breeding method of hybridized red-glutinous fresh-eating corn comprises the following steps:

(1) the black pearl glutinous corn of full, the seed darkviolet of selected plasmid is as male parent, and selected plasmid is full, the argenteous Fu Eryin waxy corn of seed is hybridized as female parent, sets up basic population;

(2) adopt basic population, seed redness, glutinous property, sweet taste proterties and individual plant production capacity, anti-brown spot, lodging tolerance are carried out recurrent selection, hybridization colony is set up in incorgruous repeatedly hybridization and self-pollination;

(3) adopt hybridization colony, it is carried out parental autocopulation and degenerates selectedly, experience 4-6 makes cerise solids shape seed after generation.

The present invention respectively with black pearl waxy corn and Fu Eryin waxy corn as male parent and female parent, through hybridization and recurrent selection repeatedly, make a kind of red waxy corn, but this kind can be eaten raw, edible, can industry feed also have higher natural red colouring matter, the medical value height, it is good to eat mouthfeel raw, nutritious, and it is strong to have resistance against diseases, the advantage drought-enduring, waterlogging, that high yield is got bumper crops, and in the area, Hebei, summer sowing was by ripe about 95 days, sowed in spring 105 days, it is long to eat time phase raw, eats raw about 70 days from being seeded into.

Embodiment

170-190 centimetre of black pearl waxy corn plant height, 12 in complete stool blade, filigree, flower pesticide white, the fringe position is high 80 centimetres, dual spike rate higher (the single fringe fruit of every strain is bigger).The Hang-jia-hu area is seeded into spring adopts bright fringe 85-90 days, is seeded into summer and adopts bright fringe 70-75 days.Fruit ear is thick, and grain Da Pi is thin, stays single fruit, and spike length 18-22 centimetre, thick 6 centimetres of fringe.Color and luster is purple black consistent, but taste is sweet, and quality is fabulous.Solid full no bald point, strong stress resistance.Transmit the atropurpureus bright fringe of can gathering when the fringe grain, per 667 square metres can be produced 1000 kilograms.40 * 40 centimetres of seeding row spacings, two strains are stayed in every cave at the most.

Fu Eryin waxy corn 105-110 breeding time days, blue or green 85-90 days picking time, 2350 ℃ of the accumulated temperature indexs (area, Heilungkiang) of eating.Spike length 22-25 centimetre, fringe is evener, the dual spike rate height, and grain white, outward appearance is better, and mouthfeel is good, and skin approaches no slag, is suitable for and eats raw and quick-frozen, has very high exploitation and is worth.

The present invention selects for use above-mentioned two kinds of waxy corns as paternal and maternal respectively, through hybridization and selfing repeatedly, makes red waxy corn new varieties.

Below breeding method of the present invention is done detailed description:

(1) implement to choose seeds wholely, sow, agricultural planting steps such as fertilising, thinning.

(2) industry black pearl glutinous corn is planted as male parent by selected plasmid Shenhua full, the seed darkviolet, and the plasmid that selected Qiqihaer City produces is full, the argenteous Fu Eryin waxy corn of seed is hybridized as female parent, sets up basic population;

(3) adopt basic population, seed redness, glutinous property, sweet taste proterties and individual plant production capacity, anti-brown spot, lodging tolerance are carried out recurrent selection, hybridization colony is set up in incorgruous repeatedly hybridization and self-pollination;

(4) adopt hybridization colony, it is carried out parental autocopulation and degenerates selectedly, experience 4-6 makes cerise solids shape seed after generation.

The red waxy corn that adopts method provided by the invention to cultivate be a kind of neutral high haematochrome, high starch, The multiplex place corn of high glucose. Sow in spring the 105 days time of infertility in zone, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, bright fringe is gathered About 80 days, weaving silk was the timely collecting phase in rear about 25 days. Plant height 230cm, fringe position 90cm. Summer sowing About the 95 days time of infertility, bright fringe was gathered about 70 days, weaved silk to be the timely collecting phase in rear about 20 days. Plant height 250cm, fringe position 106cm. This kind is Half Close Plant Type of Hybrid, high resistance size leaf spot, bacterial wilt, disease Viral disease, high resistant to lodging, straw staygreen, four of fruit ear cartridge type head progeny row 14 row, 16 row, 18 row, 20 row Series, fecundity is good, grouting is fast, well developed root system, cerise seed, powder axle, unit weight big, kernel productivity High, the seed commodity is good, seed capable straight, neat, bind, mass of 1000 kernel, 420 grams of sowing in spring, summer sowing 380-400 grams. Bright fringe is edible fresh and tender crisp sweet, soft sticking exquisiteness, and dried seed processing and eating sweet and glutinous is soft, the quality utmost point Good. It is long to eat time phase raw, spike length 20-25cm, and the dry granular spy is anti-insect. The ornamental value height, nutritious, Mouthfeel is good. The red glutinous rice that adopts breeding method provided by the invention to make also has drought-enduring, waterlogging, high Product high yield, the advantage that anti-brown spot is strong.

Claims (1)

1. the breeding method of a hybridized red-glutinous fresh-eating corn comprises the following steps:

(1) the black pearl glutinous corn of full, the seed darkviolet of selected plasmid is as male parent, and selected plasmid is full, the argenteous Fu Eryin waxy corn of seed is hybridized as female parent, sets up basic population;

(2) adopt basic population, seed redness, glutinous property, sweet taste proterties and individual plant production capacity, anti-brown spot, lodging tolerance are carried out recurrent selection, hybridization colony is set up in incorgruous repeatedly hybridization and self-pollination;

(3) adopt hybridization colony, it is carried out parental autocopulation and degenerates selectedly, experience 4-6 makes cerise solids shape seed after generation.