CN109168853B - Chinese tamarisk directional cultivation method for saline-alkali soil landscaping - Google Patents
Chinese tamarisk directional cultivation method for saline-alkali soil landscaping Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109168853B CN109168853B CN201810923544.3A CN201810923544A CN109168853B CN 109168853 B CN109168853 B CN 109168853B CN 201810923544 A CN201810923544 A CN 201810923544A CN 109168853 B CN109168853 B CN 109168853B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- saline
- branches
- cutting
- pruning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a directional cultivation method of Chinese tamarisk for saline-alkali soil landscaping, which relates to the field of directional shaping cultivation of nursery stocks, and is applied to the field of saline-alkali soil urban landscaping by utilizing the characteristics of dense and fine young branches, high growth speed, fresh and green leaves, strong sprouting property and pruning resistance of Chinese tamarisk young branches, directly planting raw soil, performing morphological directional cultivation, and pruning into dwarf spherical or single-stalk spherical shapes as required, so that the traditional landscape cultivation modes of planting buxus sinica balls, privet balls, photinia chinensis balls and the like through soil dressing improvement in the saline-alkali soil urban landscaping for a long time are thoroughly broken, the saline-alkali soil landscaping tree species are enriched, and the ornamental effect of the saline-alkali soil landscaping is improved; the original soil planting mode greatly saves planting cost of early-stage foreign soil improvement and the like and maintenance cost of later-stage soil improvement, has higher ecological benefit and economic benefit, has obvious landscape benefit, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application in corresponding areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of directional shaping cultivation of nursery stocks, in particular to a directional cultivation method of Chinese tamarisk for saline-alkali soil landscaping.
Background
With the rapid development of urban construction and the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the requirements for urban environment and greening construction are gradually improved. In the coastal saline-alkali land urban landscaping, due to the saline-alkali components of the soil, various toxic hazards are generated to plants, the survival of the plants on the plants is limited, and meanwhile, the major problem of later-stage greening maintenance is also faced. At present, all cities in the east coastal region of China from Shanghai Pudong to Subei coastal region, Shandong coastal region and Tianjin coastal region face the problem of difficult garden greening, and in some middle and heavy saline-alkali soil regions or sections, due to the lack of relatively suitable garden greening modeling tree species, the urban garden landscape in the region or section is very troublesome to build. At present, the urban greening of saline-alkali soil is mainly carried out by using foreign soil, and the greening mode has the disadvantages of high cost and serious threat of soil salt return.
Chinese tamarisk is a halophyte with strong soil fertility as a key woody plant colonization species in saline-alkali areas, is a main ecological restoration tree species in coastal saline-alkali areas, and can completely solve the bottleneck of afforestation in medium and heavy saline-alkali areas at present. As a tree or shrub, the Chinese tamarisk has the advantages of easy propagation, low nursery stock cost, fast growth and early formation, but the branches are bent more, the branches are more, the young branches are dense and weak in the natural state and droop after being opened, the garden greening application is narrower, and at present, the afforestation is mainly carried out on the saline-alkali soil beach.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the directional cultivation method of the Chinese tamarisk for saline-alkali soil landscaping, the Chinese tamarisk is used for urban landscaping and is directly planted in original soil, so that the soil dressing planting and later-stage maintenance cost is greatly saved, the landscaping tree species of the saline-alkali soil are enriched, the ornamental effect is improved, and the effective improvement of the salinized soil is realized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a directional cultivation method of Chinese tamarisk for saline-alkali soil landscaping is realized by the following steps:
1) preparing cutting slips: selecting female parent plants of robust and disease and pest free Chinese tamarisk varieties according to cultivation requirements, cutting the seed strip plants into 10-15cm cuttings, and preparing for hardwood cutting after treatment;
2) preparing an slotting machine: the size of the seedbed is determined according to the cuttage quantity, a low bed is preferably adopted, a high bed can be adopted in heavy saline-alkali areas, and the surface soil is fully leveled and loosened before planting;
3) cutting and seedling raising: and punching holes at a planting point by using a steel chisel or a wood wedge with proper thickness with the cutting slips on a seedbed, inserting the cutting slips into the holes, compacting surrounding soil, and enabling the cutting slip to penetrate into the soil to a depth of 2/3-3/4 of the cutting slips. After the transplanting, fully irrigating the seedbed, and covering a layer of mulching film on the seedbed for water retention;
4) pruning the tree shape: when the seedlings are planted and grown into plants, the shape is selected according to the shape requirement and the size of the seedlings, and the bush-cultivated Chinese tamarisk is cut into a dwarf ball shape in 1-2 years; pruning Chinese tamarisk of arborescent type into a single-stalk ball shape for more than 2 years, wherein the pruning method comprises the following steps:
pruning a short ball shape: stumping nursery stocks from the base parts, promoting the growth of lateral branches, selecting and reserving 4-6 uniformly-distributed and normally-grown fasciculate branches according to a certain distance and different directions, thinning all the other branches, reserving 1/3-3/4 branch short sections, promoting the germination and growth of secondary branches, culturing the fullness of the branches, shearing a horizontal band according to the circumference of a crown during pruning, then shearing a central band from the top of the crown, shearing the central band into a round head shape with a high inner chamber and a low outer edge, preliminarily constructing a spherical modeling outline, and shearing redundant long branches and sick and withered branches inside the model at any time to enlarge the self space of the plants, wherein during pruning, arc smoothness, smooth lines and balanced spheres are ensured;
pruning the single-rod ball type: in the current year, the water and fertilizer management of the seedlings is enhanced, the growth of the height and thickness of the seedlings is promoted, lateral buds are removed in time, the growth of terminal buds is strengthened, in the 2 nd year, the lateral branches on the lower part are all removed according to the requirement that the height of a main rod is 60cm, 4-6 main branches with proper directions are selected from branches with the length of more than 60cm, the rest are all removed, the reserved main branches are cut short 1/3-3/4, the top end advantage is removed, the growth of secondary lateral branches is promoted, until the ratio of the diameter of a crown to the height of a tree is controlled to be 1/3-1/2, and then the seedlings are pruned according to a short spherical shape by;
(6) molding: after the nursery stock model is formed, pruning can be carried out for 1-2 times per month according to the growth condition of the nursery stock in spring and summer vigorous growing seasons to form a stable crown model;
(7) maintenance management: spraying water and shading properly in the seedling stage, trimming regularly according to the growth condition after forming, and watering and topdressing properly after later planting.
In the step 1), the cutting slips are cut along with picking or stored to be cut, the cutting money of the stored cutting slips is soaked in clear water for 2-3d, water is changed once after 6-8h, and the cutting slips are cut in time after water is discharged.
The cutting slips and the cutting money are soaked in ABT rooting powder for 1-3h to improve the survival rate.
The method utilizes the characteristics of dense and fine growth speed, fresh and green leaves, strong sprouting property and pruning resistance of young branches of Chinese tamarisk to apply the method to the field of urban landscaping of saline-alkali land, directly plants original soil and carries out morphological directional cultivation, and prunes the Chinese tamarisk into a short ball shape or a single-rod ball shape as required, so that the traditional landscape cultivation mode of planting buxus sinica balls, privet balls, photinia serrulata balls and the like through soil improvement in the urban landscaping of the saline-alkali land for a long time is thoroughly broken, the landscaping tree species of the saline-alkali land are enriched, and the ornamental effect of the landscaping of the saline-alkali land; the original soil planting mode greatly saves planting cost of early-stage soil dressing improvement and the like and maintenance cost in the later stage; the Chinese tamarisk is a good salt secreting plant, can effectively reduce the salt content in the soil, plays a role in improving the saline-alkali soil, and realizes effective improvement of the salinized soil; the method is applied to urban landscaping in coastal saline-alkali land, has high ecological benefit and economic benefit, has obvious landscape benefit, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application in corresponding areas.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The invention discloses a directional cultivation method of Chinese tamarisk for saline-alkali soil landscaping, which is realized by the following steps:
1) preparing cutting slips: selecting female parent plants of robust and disease and pest free Chinese tamarisk varieties according to cultivation requirements, cutting the seed shoot plants into 10-15cm cuttings, and preparing for hardwood cutting after treatment. The variety can be selected from a new vigorous variety Lu Tamarix 1 and a new shrub variety Lu Tamarix 3, the cutting slips are cut along with the collection or stored to be cut, the stored cutting slips are soaked in clear water for 2-3d, water is changed once within 6-8h, the cutting slips are cut in time after water is discharged, water loss is avoided, and the cutting slips are soaked in ABT rooting powder for 1-3h, so that the survival rate is improved.
2) Preparing an slotting machine: the size of the seedbed is determined according to the cuttage quantity, a low bed is preferably adopted, a high bed can be adopted in heavy saline-alkali areas, and the surface soil is fully leveled and loosened before planting;
3) cutting and seedling raising: and punching holes at a planting point by using a steel chisel or a wood wedge with proper thickness with the cutting slips on a seedbed, wherein the depth of each inserting hole is proper to be slightly shallower than the length of each cutting slip, inserting the cutting slips into the holes, compacting the surrounding soil, and enabling the insertion depth of the cutting slips to be 2/3-3/4 of the cutting slips. The cutting slips are in close contact with soil, no pores are left, and soil moisture preservation and root rooting are facilitated. And after the transplanting, fully irrigating the seedbed, and covering a layer of mulching film on the seedbed for water retention.
4) Pruning the tree shape: when the seedlings are planted and grown into plants, the shape is selected according to the shape requirement and the size of the seedlings, and the bush-cultivated Chinese tamarisk is cut into a dwarf ball shape in 1-2 years; pruning Chinese tamarisk of arborescent type into a single-stalk ball shape for more than 2 years, wherein the pruning method comprises the following steps:
pruning a short ball shape: stumping nursery stocks from the base parts, promoting the growth of lateral branches, selecting and reserving 4-6 uniformly-distributed and normally-grown fasciculate branches according to different directions at a certain distance, thinning all the other branches, reserving 1/3-3/4 branch short sections, promoting the germination and growth of secondary branches, culturing the fullness of the branches, shearing a horizontal band according to the circumference of a crown during pruning, then shearing a central band from the top of the crown, shearing the horizontal band into round head shapes with high inner chamber and low outer edge, preliminarily constructing a spherical modeling outline, and shearing redundant long branches and sick and withered branches inside the model at any time to enlarge the self space of the plants, ensuring arc smoothness, smooth lines and balanced spheres during pruning, improving ventilation and light transmission conditions and being beneficial to the distribution of the branches tending to and keeping the model;
pruning the single-rod ball type: in the current year, the water and fertilizer management of the seedlings is enhanced, the high growth of the seedlings is promoted, the lateral buds are removed in time, the growth of the terminal buds is enhanced, in the 2 nd year, the lateral branches on the lower part are all removed according to the requirement that the height of a main rod is 60cm, 4-6 main branches with proper directions are selected and reserved above the 60cm rod, the rest are all removed, the reserved main branches are cut short 1/3-3/4, the top end advantage is removed, the growth of secondary lateral branches is promoted, the ratio of the diameter of a crown to the height of a tree is controlled to be 1/3-1/2, and then the seedlings are trimmed according to a short sphere shape by a spherical trimming;
(6) molding: after the nursery stock model is formed, pruning can be carried out for 1-2 times per month according to the growth condition of the nursery stock in spring and summer vigorous growing seasons to form a stable crown model;
(7) maintenance management: spraying water and shading properly in the seedling stage, trimming regularly according to the growth condition after forming, and watering and topdressing properly after later planting. ,
in a saline-alkali soil forestation test station of Shandong province forest academy of sciences during 2017 and 2018, saline-alkali habitats are simulated by extracting underground natural saline water with the concentration of 30.52 per mill to prepare saline solutions with different stress gradients, the salt tolerance of modeling trees such as Chinese tamarisk, Chinese littleleaf box, privet, photinia and the like is measured, and meanwhile, the cultivation measures, greening and management and protection costs are summarized.
According to the seedling form directional cultivation method, the urban garden landscape greening is carried out on the saline-alkali soil, the average planting survival rate exceeds 95%, the planting and maintenance cost is reduced to 20-50 yuan/plant and 50-100 yuan/year, the survival rate is improved by more than 30% compared with the existing urban garden landscape modeling tree species, and the greening and maintenance cost is reduced by more than 50%.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A directional cultivation method of Chinese tamarisk for saline-alkali soil landscaping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing cutting slips: selecting female parent plants of robust and disease and pest free Chinese tamarisk varieties according to cultivation requirements, cutting the seed strip plants into 10-15cm cuttings, and preparing for hardwood cutting after treatment; cutting the cuttings along with picking or storing for cutting, soaking the stored cuttings in clear water for 2-3d before cutting, changing water once after 6-8h, and cutting in time after the cuttings are drained;
2) preparing an slotting machine: the size of the seedbed is determined according to the cuttage quantity, a low bed is preferably adopted, a high bed is adopted in heavy saline-alkali areas, and the surface soil is fully leveled and loosened before planting;
3) cutting and seedling raising: punching holes at a planting point by using a steel chisel or a wood wedge with proper thickness with the cutting slips on a seedbed, inserting the cutting slips into the holes, compacting surrounding soil, wherein the insertion depth of the cutting slips is 2/3-3/4 of the cutting slips; after the transplanting, fully irrigating the seedbed, and covering a layer of mulching film on the seedbed for water retention;
4) pruning the tree shape: when the seedlings are planted and grown into plants, the shape is selected according to the shape requirement and the size of the seedlings, and the bush-cultivated Chinese tamarisk is cut into a dwarf ball shape in 1-2 years; pruning Chinese tamarisk of arborescent type into a single-stalk ball shape for more than 2 years, wherein the pruning method comprises the following steps:
pruning a short ball shape: stumping nursery stocks from the base parts, promoting the growth of lateral branches, selecting and reserving 4-6 uniformly-distributed and normally-grown fasciculate branches according to a certain distance and different directions, thinning all the other branches, reserving 1/3-3/4 branch short sections, promoting the germination and growth of secondary branches, culturing the fullness of the branches, shearing a horizontal band according to the circumference of a crown during pruning, then shearing a central band from the top of the crown, shearing the central band into a round head shape with a high inner chamber and a low outer edge, preliminarily constructing a spherical modeling outline, and shearing redundant long branches and sick and withered branches inside the model at any time to enlarge the self space of the plants, wherein during pruning, arc smoothness, smooth lines and balanced spheres are ensured;
pruning the single-rod ball type: in the current year, the water and fertilizer management of the seedlings is enhanced, the high growth of the seedlings is promoted, the lateral buds are removed in time, the growth of the terminal buds is enhanced, in the 2 nd year, the lateral branches on the lower part are all removed according to the requirement that the height of a main rod is 60cm, 4-6 main branches with proper directions are selected and reserved above the 60cm rod, the rest are all removed, the reserved main branches are cut short 1/3-3/4, the top end advantage is removed, the growth of secondary lateral branches is promoted, the ratio of the diameter of a crown to the height of a tree is controlled to be 1/3-1/2, and then the tree is pruned according to a short spherical shape by a;
(6) molding: after the nursery stock model is formed, pruning can be carried out for 1-2 times per month according to the growth condition of the nursery stock in spring and summer vigorous growing seasons to form a stable crown model;
(7) maintenance management: spraying water and shading properly in the seedling stage, trimming regularly according to the growth condition after forming, and watering and topdressing properly after later planting.
2. The directional cultivation method of Chinese tamarisk for saline-alkali soil landscaping according to claim 1, wherein ABT rooting powder is adopted for soaking for 1-3h before cutting of the cuttings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810923544.3A CN109168853B (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | Chinese tamarisk directional cultivation method for saline-alkali soil landscaping |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810923544.3A CN109168853B (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | Chinese tamarisk directional cultivation method for saline-alkali soil landscaping |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109168853A CN109168853A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
| CN109168853B true CN109168853B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
Family
ID=64921700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810923544.3A Active CN109168853B (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | Chinese tamarisk directional cultivation method for saline-alkali soil landscaping |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109168853B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111727839A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-10-02 | 上饶市林业科学研究所 | Shaping and trimming method for container landscape seedlings of thick-skinned incense |
| CN112806226A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-18 | 民勤大漠田园农业科技有限责任公司 | Method for transplanting tamarix chinensis to saline-alkali sandy land |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102763557A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-07 | 山东三益园林绿化有限公司 | Original soil afforesting method of moderate and severe saline and alkaline land |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779586B (en) * | 2010-02-06 | 2011-08-10 | 东营市农业科学研究所 | Technique for forestation of Chinese tamarisk on coastal tidal flats |
| CN105145251A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-16 | 滁州绿泉生态农业有限公司 | Method for improving shaping quality of photinia fraseri |
-
2018
- 2018-08-14 CN CN201810923544.3A patent/CN109168853B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102763557A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-07 | 山东三益园林绿化有限公司 | Original soil afforesting method of moderate and severe saline and alkaline land |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国柽柳繁殖与栽培技术;杨庆山等;《林业科技通讯》;20160930(第9期);第18-19页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109168853A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104756820B (en) | A kind of salt-soda soil chinaberry root inserts method of forestation | |
| CN104145692B (en) | A kind of method of seedbed cuttage crape myrtle seedling | |
| CN104429641A (en) | Intensive high-efficiency dwarf stock cultivation method for apple trees | |
| CN104585007A (en) | Cuttage seedling culture method of liquidambar styraciflua | |
| CN103975775A (en) | Artificial cultivation method for multi-layer colored-leaf ornamental type bonsai trees | |
| CN104488502A (en) | Acer palmatum biondia heriyi twig cuttage propagation method | |
| CN102668864A (en) | Method for performing cuttage propagation on Torreya yunnanenssi Cheng et L..K.Fu | |
| CN108605630A (en) | A kind of height of apocarya fruit material dual-purpose determines drying method | |
| CN102919027A (en) | Cutting method of Hokkaido boxtrees | |
| CN109168853B (en) | Chinese tamarisk directional cultivation method for saline-alkali soil landscaping | |
| CN107593246B (en) | Method for promoting recovery of seriously degraded Chinese pine forest land | |
| CN103053379B (en) | Renewing method for man-planted forest of Chinese pine | |
| CN104396673A (en) | Rapid propagation and fast growing method for ulmus pumila cv.jinye | |
| CN103598021A (en) | Grafting cultivation domestication method for camphor trees suitable for growing in north | |
| CN103563665B (en) | A kind of formative method realizing alpine rose ancient tree stake one tree and spend more | |
| CN102204464B (en) | Three-dimensional greening method for end wall tunnel portals on super highways | |
| CN104126419B (en) | Ginkgo ancient tree choiceness breeding garden method for building up | |
| CN106718763B (en) | Sedum short-shoot cutting cultivation method | |
| CN108781814B (en) | Method for quickly forming seedlings of noni in different germplasm resources in different places | |
| CN108207474B (en) | Cutting seedling raising method for compound-color crape myrtle | |
| CN110235683A (en) | A kind of method that Eucalyptus cloeziana select tree girdling rush is sprouted | |
| CN103125223B (en) | Shrub type tree form pruning method of Chinese ash | |
| CN102415260A (en) | Cuttage propagation method of Juniperus taxifolia var. lutchuensis | |
| CN107567845A (en) | A kind of method for improving capsule of weeping forsythia epicormic branch cutting survival rate | |
| CN107493995B (en) | Single-bud whole-leaf rolling hydrophobic grafting method for camellia |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |