CN109134120A - A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109134120A CN109134120A CN201811371701.0A CN201811371701A CN109134120A CN 109134120 A CN109134120 A CN 109134120A CN 201811371701 A CN201811371701 A CN 201811371701A CN 109134120 A CN109134120 A CN 109134120A
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- fertilizer
- compound fertilizer
- tunic
- fertile
- controllability
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses controllability compound fertilizers of a kind of rapid long-acting and preparation method thereof, the compound fertilizer includes graininess fertilizer core and the compound fertilizer's release membranes for being coated on fertile wicking surface, and the raw material of compound fertilizer's release membranes includes polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash.Compound fertilizer provided by the invention is quick and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, long-term, stable, the supply plant nutrient being able to continuously；Primary a large amount of application will not " burn seedlings ", reduce the quantity and number of fertilising.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical fertilizer preparation field more particularly to the controllability compound fertilizers and its preparation side of a kind of rapid long-acting
Method.
Background technique
It is counted according to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation), in the volume increase of developing country's grain, 55% effect from chemical fertilizer.Greatly
Amount statistics is shown: chemical fertilizer utilization ratio only has 30% or so in China's agricultural production at present, that is to say, that used chemical fertilizer
Nearly 70% it is invalid be lost, on the one hand directly contribute the waste of chemical fertilizer；On the other hand, into a large amount of chemical fertilizer of water body to water
Body causes pollution, is first begin to rich water into the chemical fertilizer after water body, then algae and biological mass propagation, these algae in water
Biology residuum after death begins to that water body is contaminated ?year by year, and foul pollution underground water, rivers and lakes, it is numerous that here it is China
Well water, river water the reason of cannot being used by people.There are also the invisible pollutions of our eyes: chemical fertilizer because concentration is too high,
After crops are absorbed into vivo, substance needed for crops itself can not be completely converted into the short time can be long-pending in crops body
At getting off, cause nitrate in agricultural product, content of nitrite exceeded, and then influences the health of human and animal.
In order to improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is avoided disposably to discharge fertility, reduction even prevents nutrient loss, will be fertile
Material is prepared into slow release fertilizer, is the optimal selection to solve the above problems, therefore slow release fertilizer becomes the heat of current fertilizer research
Point.Slow-release fertilizer is also referred to as Controlled Release Fertilizer, is the release for referring to adjust fertilizer nutrient according to crop demand, makes the release speed of fertilizer nutrient
Spend a kind of fertilizer to match with the infiltration rate of crop.Due to slow-release fertilizer according to the demand of crop carry out nutrient release, because
This can be improved utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss, reduces environmental pollution caused by applying fertilizer, increases economic efficiency.
Coated compound fertilizer has the function of significantly improving utilization rate of fertilizer.However, current market sales of overwhelming majority
Its coated fertilizer of slow-release fertilizer is all made of chemically synthesized non-degradable high molecular polymer, these refractory organics macromolecule coating materials
Material, which easily remains in agricultural soil, causes soil degradation and serious pollution.
Summary of the invention
Technical problems based on background technology, the invention proposes a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting and its
Preparation method.
The present invention provides a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, including graininess fertilizer core and it is coated on fertile wicking surface
Compound fertilizer's release membranes, the raw material of compound fertilizer's release membranes includes polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash, gathers cream
Acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash weight ratio be 6-9:3-5:1-2:1-2.
Preferably, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.15-0.3mm.
Preferably, compound fertilizer's release membranes are wrapped in outside fertile core, are followed successively by the first tunic, the second tunic, the from inside to outside
Trilamellar membrane, the raw material for being close to the first tunic of fertile core is acrylic acid, and the raw material of the second tunic is crushed crude pearlite, the original of third tunic
Material is polylactic acid and volcanic ash.
Preferably, the raw material of fertile core is inorganic fertilizer.
Preferably, inorganic fertilizer includes at least one of urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride.
Preferably, fertile core also includes organic fertilizer, and the percentage that the organic fertilizer weight accounts for fertile core weight is less than or equal to 35%；
Further preferably, organic fertilizer weight accounts for the 10%-20% of fertile core weight.
Preferably, organic fertilizer is one of fertile soil, farmyard manure, cake fertilizer or a variety of.Farmyard manure include with various animals,
Plant residue or metabolome are at such as human and animal excreta, stalk, animal residue, butchering field waste；Cake fertilizer include rape cake,
Cottonseed cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake, castor cake, tea seed cake etc..
Preferably, the raw material of fertile core includes: by weight
Inorganic fertilizer: 37-42 parts of urea, 38-43 parts of ammonium chloride, 10-14 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7-10 parts of potassium chloride；
Organic fertilizer: 7-9 parts of fertile soil, 2-4 parts of chicken manure, 3-5 parts of rape cake.
The invention also discloses the preparation methods of the controllability compound fertilizer of this kind of rapid long-acting, comprising the following steps:
S1, fertile core raw material is mixed, is granulated, is dried to obtain fertile core；
S2, acrylic acid is sprayed in fertile wicking surface, forms the first tunic, then adds crushed crude pearlite, wrap up crushed crude pearlite
On the outside of acrylic acid, the second tunic is formed；
S3, polylactic acid and volcanic ash being mixed, is heated to molten condition, spray forms third tunic in the outside of the second tunic,
Natural cooling.
Preferably, fertile core is dried to water content less than 3% in S1.
The preparation of fertile core uses existing compound fertilizer's preparation method, preferably solid granulating method.
Compound fertilizer provided by the invention is quick and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, long-term, stable, and the supply plant being able to continuously is supported
Point；Primary a large amount of application will not " burn seedlings ", reduce the quantity and number of fertilising；Avoid general fertilizers due to cannot be by effective benefit
With and leaching is lost, and then the case where the respective environments problem such as cause eutrophication, reduce pollution, preserve the ecological environment.
Compound fertilizer's release membranes provided by the invention are wrapped in outside fertile core, fertilizer efficiency can be delayed to discharge, and fertilizer efficiency is lost slow, energy
Keep long-acting fertility；Compound fertilizer's release membranes do not influence the quality and basic performance of fertilizer, suitable for all kinds of granulated fertilizers
Coating；Its raw material polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, the degradation material that acrylic acid is safety, the influence to environment are small.
Compound fertilizer's release membranes of the present invention are preferably trilamellar membrane structure, and the first tunic being close to fertile core is acrylic acid
Layer, acrylic adhesive power is strong, can secure bond crushed crude pearlite form the second tunic, third tunic is with polylactic acid and volcanic ash
Raw material.Polylactic acid has good gas permeability and biocidal property, in the soil can be with natural degradation, and addition volcanic ash can increase poly-
Wear-resisting, the shock resistance of lactate material avoid compound fertilizer granules because external force is broken or grinds during compound fertilizer saves
Damage；And volcanic ash is also a kind of first-class fertilizer of crops, containing microelements such as a large amount of iron, aluminium, copper, zinc, magnesium, calcium, is fitted
Close crop growth；Crushed crude pearlite gap is abundant, has very strong absorption property, and perlite water-swellable makes Zinc fractions hole
Gap can increase the loose permeability and moisture retention of soil, improve soil drought-resistant ability.
At the initial stage that compound fertilizer of the present invention is manured into soil, soil, fertilizer efficiency are quickly entered in outermost volcanic ash
Rapidly；Nutrient content in initial composite fertilizer is high, but because of the barrier action of compound fertilizer's release membranes, and the nutrient in fertile core is not a large amount of
Into soil, avoids nutrient waste and be lost；Over time, although the nutrient content in compound fertilizer declines,
With the decomposition of polylactic acid, perlite water swelling, more nutrients are dissolved in perlite, and then are discharged in the soil, should
The release of compound fertilizer's fertilizer efficiency is lasting, stablizes.
The fertile core of compound fertilizer of the present invention preferably adds the organic fertilizer for being less than 35% weight ratio of fertile core based on inorganic fertilizer,
The fertility of organic fertilizer is stronger, nutrition more comprehensively, fertilizer efficiency release slowly, and adds organic fertilizer and being granulated into for fertile slug particle can be improved
Ball rate, reduces returning charge, and particle is uniform.The present invention preferably gives a kind of composition of raw materials of compound fat core, both includes urea, chlorine
Change the inorganic fertilizers such as ammonium, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, and including the organic fertilizers such as fertile soil, chicken manure, rape cake, this kind of compound fertilizer's nutrition
It is abundant, it is suitble to various crops, flowers to use as base fertilizer, is decomposed when because of polylactic acid natural degradation and generate lactic acid, the compound fertilizer
It is particularly suitable for liking the flowers application of acid soil, such as cuckoo, jasmine, gardenia.
Specific embodiment
In the following, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, including graininess fertilizer core and the compound fertilizer's release membranes for being coated on fertile wicking surface,
The raw material of compound fertilizer's release membranes includes polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash, polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, propylene
Sour, volcanic ash weight ratio is 7:4.8:1.6:1.2.
The partial size of fertile slug particle be 3.6mm, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.22mm.Compound fertilizer's release membranes are wrapped in fertilizer
Outside core, it is followed successively by the first tunic, the second tunic, third tunic from inside to outside, the raw material for being close to the first tunic of fertile core is third
Olefin(e) acid, the raw material of the second tunic are crushed crude pearlite, and the raw material of third tunic is polylactic acid and volcanic ash.
The raw material of fertile core includes: by weight
Inorganic fertilizer: 38 parts of urea, 41 parts of ammonium chloride, 13 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 9 parts of potassium chloride；
Organic fertilizer: 7 parts of fertile soil, 4 parts of chicken manure, 4 parts of rape cake.
Embodiment 2
A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, including graininess fertilizer core and the compound fertilizer's release membranes for being coated on fertile wicking surface,
The raw material of compound fertilizer's release membranes includes polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash, polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, propylene
Sour, volcanic ash weight ratio is 6:3.7:1.8:1.4.
The partial size of fertile slug particle be 5mm, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.28mm.Compound fertilizer's release membranes are wrapped in fertile core
Outside is followed successively by the first tunic, the second tunic, third tunic from inside to outside, and the raw material for being close to the first tunic of fertile core is propylene
Acid, the raw material of the second tunic are crushed crude pearlite, and the raw material of third tunic is polylactic acid and volcanic ash.
The raw material of fertile core includes: by weight
Inorganic fertilizer: 41 parts of urea, 39 parts of ammonium chloride, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium chloride；
Organic fertilizer: 8 parts of fertile soil, 2 parts of chicken manure, 3 parts of rape cake.
Embodiment 3
A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, including graininess fertilizer core and the compound fertilizer's release membranes for being coated on fertile wicking surface,
The raw material of compound fertilizer's release membranes includes polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash, polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, propylene
Sour, volcanic ash weight ratio is 9:4.4:1.2:1.6.
The partial size of fertile slug particle be 4.2mm, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.17mm.Compound fertilizer's release membranes are wrapped in fertilizer
Outside core, it is followed successively by the first tunic, the second tunic, third tunic from inside to outside, the raw material for being close to the first tunic of fertile core is third
Olefin(e) acid, the raw material of the second tunic are crushed crude pearlite, and the raw material of third tunic is polylactic acid and volcanic ash.
The raw material of fertile core includes: 26 parts of urea, 43 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30 parts of potassium chloride by weight.
Embodiment 4
A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, including graininess fertilizer core and the compound fertilizer's release membranes for being coated on fertile wicking surface,
The raw material of compound fertilizer's release membranes includes polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash, polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, propylene
Sour, volcanic ash weight ratio is 8:3.2:1.4:1.8.
The partial size of fertile slug particle be 5.8mm, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.2m.
The raw material of fertile core includes: by weight
Inorganic fertilizer: 40 parts of urea, 42 parts of ammonium chloride, 11 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 8 parts of potassium chloride；
Organic fertilizer: 9 parts of fertile soil, 3 parts of chicken manure, 5 parts of rape cake.
Embodiment 5
The controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting in embodiment 4, unlike, the raw material of fertile core includes: urea 46 by weight
Part, 12 parts of ammonium chloride, 25 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 15 parts of potassium chloride.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of the controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, comprising the following steps:
S1, various raw materials are weighed according to the proportion of embodiment 1, it is spare；
S2, fertile core raw material is mixed, is granulated, drying to water content is 2.5%, obtains fertile core, and the partial size of fertile slug particle is 3.6mm；
S3, acrylic acid is sprayed in fertile wicking surface, forms the first tunic, then adds crushed crude pearlite, wrap up crushed crude pearlite
On the outside of acrylic acid, the second tunic is formed；
S4, polylactic acid and volcanic ash being mixed, is heated to molten condition, spray forms third tunic in the outside of the second tunic,
Natural cooling, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.22mm.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of the controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, comprising the following steps:
S1, various raw materials are weighed according to the proportion of embodiment 3, it is spare；
S2, fertile core raw material is mixed, is granulated, drying to water content is 1.5%, obtains fertile core, and the partial size of fertile slug particle is 4.2mm；
S3, acrylic acid is sprayed in fertile wicking surface, forms the first tunic, then adds crushed crude pearlite, wrap up crushed crude pearlite
On the outside of acrylic acid, the second tunic is formed；
S4, polylactic acid and volcanic ash being mixed, is heated to molten condition, spray forms third tunic in the outside of the second tunic,
Natural cooling, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.17mm.
Embodiment 8
A kind of preparation method of the controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, comprising the following steps:
S1, various raw materials are weighed according to the proportion of embodiment 4, it is spare；
S2, fertile core raw material is mixed, is granulated, drying to water content is 2%, obtains fertile core, and the partial size of fertile slug particle is 5.8mm；
S3, polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash are mixed, is heated to molten condition, spray is in fertile wicking surface, nature
Be cooled into compound fertilizer's release membranes, compound fertilizer's release membranes with a thickness of 0.2m.
The preparation of fertile core uses solid granulating method in embodiment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, which is characterized in that including graininess fertilizer core and be coated on fertile wicking surface
Compound fertilizer's release membranes, the raw material of compound fertilizer's release membranes include polylactic acid, crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash, polylactic acid,
Crushed crude pearlite, acrylic acid, volcanic ash weight ratio be 6-9:3-5:1-2:1-2.
2. a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that compound fertilizer's sustained release
Film with a thickness of 0.15-0.3mm.
3. a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the compound fertilizer
Release membranes are wrapped in outside fertile core, are followed successively by the first tunic, the second tunic, third tunic from inside to outside, are close to the first of fertile core
The raw material of tunic is acrylic acid, and the raw material of the second tunic is crushed crude pearlite, and the raw material of third tunic is polylactic acid and volcanic ash.
4. a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described fertilizer core raw material be
Inorganic fertilizer.
5. a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting according to claim 4, which is characterized in that it is described fertilizer core also include
Organic fertilizer, the percentage that the organic fertilizer weight accounts for fertile core weight are less than or equal to 35%.
6. a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer weight
Account for the 10%-20% of fertile core weight.
7. a kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the raw material of the fertilizer core
Include: by weight
Inorganic fertilizer: 37-42 parts of urea, 38-43 parts of ammonium chloride, 10-14 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7-10 parts of potassium chloride；
Organic fertilizer: 7-9 parts of fertile soil, 2-4 parts of chicken manure, 3-5 parts of rape cake.
8. a kind of preparation method of the controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting, which comprises the following steps:
S1, fertile core raw material is mixed, is granulated, is dried to obtain fertile core；
S2, acrylic acid is sprayed in fertile wicking surface, forms the first tunic, then adds crushed crude pearlite, wrap up crushed crude pearlite
On the outside of acrylic acid, the second tunic is formed；
S3, polylactic acid and volcanic ash being mixed, is heated to molten condition, spray forms third tunic in the outside of the second tunic,
Natural cooling.
9. a kind of preparation method of the controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described
Fertile core drying is to water content less than 3% in S1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811371701.0A CN109134120A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811371701.0A CN109134120A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109134120A true CN109134120A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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| CN201811371701.0A Withdrawn CN109134120A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | A kind of controllability compound fertilizer of rapid long-acting and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111646866A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-11 | 齐亚龙 | Long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115259960A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-01 | 天津金世神农种业有限公司 | Slow-release fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-11-19 CN CN201811371701.0A patent/CN109134120A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111646866A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-11 | 齐亚龙 | Long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115259960A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-01 | 天津金世神农种业有限公司 | Slow-release fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |