CN102584437B - Sugarcane controlled-release fertilizer and preparation process thereof - Google Patents

Sugarcane controlled-release fertilizer and preparation process thereof Download PDF

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CN102584437B
CN102584437B CN201210027532.5A CN201210027532A CN102584437B CN 102584437 B CN102584437 B CN 102584437B CN 201210027532 A CN201210027532 A CN 201210027532A CN 102584437 B CN102584437 B CN 102584437B
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fertilizer
sugarcane
rumen
fertiliser granulates
undegraded fat
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CN102584437A (en
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叶长东
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Abstract

The invention provides a sugarcane controlled-release fertilizer, namely a controlled-release (sustained-release) fertilizer, which comprises an outer layer package layer and internal fertilizer particles. The weight ratio between the package layer and the internal fertilizer particles is 0.3-3 to 7-12. The fertilizer particles comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and zinc. In addition, the invention further provides application and a method for preparing the sugarcane fertilizer.

Description

Sugarcane controlled-release fertilizer and preparation technology thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to vegetable fertilizer field, particularly, the present invention relates to the release and release control fertilizer for sugarcane.
Background technology
Sugarcane is important product sugar, and in China, Guangxi province cultivated area is particularly large, and year sucrose yield accounts for 70% left and right of the total output of sugar in the whole nation.But in sugarcane production process, there is the fertile part of large feature of consumption, and single fertilization amount can not be too much, and fertilizer can cause " burning root " phenomenon, therefore conventionally adopts a small amount of fertilizing method repeatedly to apply fertilizer.
Someone sugarcane fertilizer that begins one's study at present.For example, Chinese patent 200710066326 discloses a kind of special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane, comprises base manure and topdresses, and wherein in base manure, the ratio of nitrogen phosphorus potassium and zinc is 10: 10: 8: 0.5, and the ratio of the middle nitrogen phosphorus potassium that topdresses is 18: 6: 4.
But after above Term Fertilization, especially, after southern rain-belt is used, wherein solubility inorganic fertilizer can fast speed dissolve, and has reduced on the one hand the effect of Term Fertilization, causes fertilizer waste, also pollutes in addition periphery water body.For this reason, there is people to prepare slowly-releasing (controlled release) fertilizer by the mode that increases coating on fertilizer surface.For example, Chinese patent 96105688 discloses a kind of coated fertilizer, wherein the composition of soil layer is except 0.1~50 part of gelatin, it is mainly soluble inorganic salt, as 1~180 part of solubilizing agent (its main component is the inorganic salt such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate) and 0.1~200 part of plant nutrient compound (being mainly the vitriol of iron, zinc), cause like this in the coating of gelatin parcel and have great amount of soluble inorganic salt, after meeting water, rapid dissolving makes fertiliser granulates form vesicular or disintegration, and actual slowly-releasing (controlled release) ability is very limited.
And for example, Chinese patent 200710115643 discloses a kind of sugarcane special-purpose control-release fertilizer, it does not continue above thinking, changes and uses thermoplastic resin, but there will be on the contrary white pollution and slowly-releasing (controlled release) hyperenergia or the problem such as excessively weak to solve.What use now mostly is urethane plastic with thermoplastic resin, and itself hard degradation is even buried in the earth and also cannot degrades decades, will cause white pollution.In addition, if thermoplastic resin consumption is excessive, cannot effectively discharge the fertilizer of internal package; And if consumption is too small, in thermoplastic resin, be mixed with a large amount of soluble inorganic salt and urea etc., rainwater easily dissolves these soluble componentss fast, thereby makes thermoplastic resin coating become even disintegration of porous, and actual slowly-releasing (controlled release) ability is very limited.More seriously, the potash fertilizer of this patent, phosphate fertilizer and trace element do not have coated parcel, and are to be only uniformly mixed with thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, and therefore the slowly-releasing to these several constituents (controlled release) ability does not almost have.
For this reason, the inventor is through long-term and arduous research, picked out rumen-undegraded fat and carry out Wrapped fertilizer from the existing chemical products as vast as the open sea, and the emission levels in the sugarcane controlled-release fertilizer of formation is moderate, and this material can degrade at occurring in nature, can not form white pollution.Rumen-undegraded fat powder is used to wrap up the feed of animal edible in the prior art, and because it has the fusing point that exceeds envrionment temperature (this is lower than the problem in animal body), and nobody uses it in feed parcel, but the inventor finds can discharge with moderate speed in moisture physical environment.More surprisingly, inventor's discovery, this material only has under the condition of mineral manure at parcel, and encapsulation rate is not high, therefore needs more material to wrap up, and causes cost to increase; And in the time wrapping up the fertilizer that contains yellow humic acid, only need less material just effectively to seal, reduce cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the sugarcane fertilizer that provides new, and it can controlled release (, slowly-releasing) fertilizer.The present invention also provides application and the method etc. of preparation sugarcane fertilizer in addition.
Particularly, in first aspect, the invention provides sugarcane fertilizer, it including outer field integument and fertiliser granulates, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.3~3: 7~12, wherein
Integument is made up of rumen-undegraded fat; With,
Fertiliser granulates comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and zinc.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, the diameter of fertiliser granulates is about 0.3~1.5mm, is preferably 0.4~0.8mm, most preferably is 5mm.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.5~2: 8~9.5.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, fertiliser granulates comprises urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate and Zinc vitriol.More preferably wherein, the weight ratio of urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate and Zinc vitriol is 25~35: 35~45: 20~30: 1~2: 0.3~1.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, fertiliser granulates also comprises yellow humic acid.More preferably wherein, the weight ratio of urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, Zinc vitriol and yellow humic acid is 20~30: 25~38: 15~25: 0.5~1.5: 0.3~0.5: 15~25.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, rumen-undegraded fat is hundred HTL316 of Canon.
In second aspect, the invention provides the application of rumen-undegraded fat in preparation sugarcane fertilizer.More preferably wherein, sugarcane fertilizer is sugarcane controlled-release fertilizer.
Preferably, in second aspect present invention, sugarcane fertilizer is the sugarcane fertilizer of first aspect present invention.
In the third aspect, the invention provides the preparation method of the sugarcane fertilizer of first aspect present invention, it comprises:
(1) fusing rumen-undegraded fat; With
(2) rumen-undegraded fat of fusing is sprayed on fertiliser granulates surface.
Preferably, in third aspect present invention, the diameter of fertiliser granulates is about 0.3~1.5mm, is preferably 0.4~0.8mm, most preferably is 5mm.
The present invention has following advantages and effect: the elements such as the required nitrogen of sugarcane production, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and magnesium can be provided, improve the output of tealeaves; Controlled release/slow release fertilizer, effectively reduces the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of fertilizer; Controlled release/sustained release rate is moderate and stable, further improves the output of tealeaves; The equal degradable of fertilizer component, can not bring white pollution; While using yellow humic acid, not only can increase nutriment in a fertilizer, and can effectively improve encapsulation rate, reduce the consumption of lapping, save cost.
For the ease of understanding, below will be described in detail the present invention by specific embodiment.It needs to be noted, specific examples is only in order to illustrate, does not form limitation of the scope of the invention.Obviously those of ordinary skill in the art can, according to explanation herein, make various corrections and change to the present invention within the scope of the invention, and these corrections and change are also included in scope of the present invention.In addition, the present invention has quoted open source literature, and these documents are also in order more clearly to describe the present invention, and their full text content is all included the present invention in and carried out reference, just look like they full text in specification sheets of the present invention repeated description excessively the same.
Embodiment
Below will invention be described by specific embodiment herein.As do not specialize part, can implement according to listed method in the familiar agronomy of those skilled in the art and fertilizer science handbook and the reference of quoting herein.In addition, the material and facility using in embodiment all can be bought from the market.
The parcel of embodiment 1 mineral manure
Get 30 kilograms, urea, 40 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 25 kilograms, Repone K, 1.5 kilograms of calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrates, 0.5 kilogram of Zinc vitriol, after mixing, then add 3 kg of water, after mixing, pulverize and sieve granulation, make the particle that diameter is about 0.5mm, be without Wrapped fertilizer.
Get the HTL316 of 0.5 kilogram of hundred Canon (BergaFat) (can purchased from Nanning converge new peak herding company limited) melts in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, then with fluidized granulation seed-coating machine, it is all evenly sprayed on the surface of particle of 9.5 kilograms of above-mentioned preparations and forms integument, obtain mineral manure 1; Separately get the HTL316 of 2 kilogram of hundred Canon (BergaFat) (can purchased from Nanning converge new peak herding company limited) melts in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, then with fluidized granulation seed-coating machine, it is all evenly sprayed on the surface of particle of 8 kilograms of above-mentioned preparations and forms integument, obtain mineral manure 2.
Embodiment 2 is containing the parcel of the fertilizer of yellow humic acid
Get 24 kilograms, urea, 32 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 20 kilograms, Repone K, 1.2 kilograms of calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrates, 0.4 kilogram of Zinc vitriol, after mixing, then add 20.4 kilograms of yellow humic acids and 2 kg of water, after mixing, pulverize and sieve granulation, make the particle that diameter is about 0.5mm.
Get the HTL316 of 0.5 kilogram of hundred Canon (BergaFat) (can purchased from Nanning converge new peak herding company limited) melts in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, then with fluidized granulation seed-coating machine, it is all evenly sprayed on the surface of particle of 9.5 kilograms of above-mentioned preparations and forms integument, obtain the fertilizer containing yellow humic acid.
The dissolution rate test of embodiment 3 Wrapped fertilizers
Get mineral manure 1, mineral manure 2 and the fertilizer containing yellow humic acid of embodiment 1 and 2 preparations, and get prepared by embodiment 1 without Wrapped fertilizer and with the fertilizer of urethane resin parcel in contrast, be immersed in clear water, detect fertilizer solubility rate wherein at different time water sampling, result is as shown in the table:
Almost all dissolve at once without Wrapped fertilizer, show to there is slow releasing function; Except there is no the fertiliser granulates of environmental sealing (sealing) in initial dissolving, disengage seldom more thereafter fertilizer with the fertilizer of urethane parcel, dissolution efficiency is too low; The encapsulation rate of mineral manure 1 is very low, causes a large amount of fertilizer just dissolving at first, but can continue thereafter to disengage the fertilizer of sealing; Mineral manure 2 and higher containing the encapsulation rate of the fertilizer of yellow humic acid, the fertilizer that major part is sealed continues to disengage in the back.
Embodiment 4 Sugarcane Fertilization effects
The inventor entrusts Guangxi sugarcane research, the fertilizer containing yellow humic acid of preparing with embodiment 2 carries out manurial experiment to sugarcane, use once as base manure for annual, what prepare take embodiment 1 is contrast without Wrapped fertilizer simultaneously, after plantation, experimental group is than the sugarcane mean yield volume increase 9.5% of control group, and sucrose content increases production 0.17%, and visible fertilizer of the present invention mainly increases the output of sugarcane.

Claims (4)

1. sugarcane fertilizer, it including outer field integument and fertiliser granulates, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.3 ~ 3:7 ~ 12, wherein
Integument is made up of rumen-undegraded fat, and wherein rumen-undegraded fat is hundred HTL316 of Canon; With,
Fertiliser granulates comprises urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, Zinc vitriol and yellow humic acid, and wherein the weight ratio of urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, Zinc vitriol and yellow humic acid is 20 ~ 30:25 ~ 38:15 ~ 25:0.5 ~ 1.5:0.3 ~ 0.5:15 ~ 25.
2. sugarcane fertilizer claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.5 ~ 2:8 ~ 9.5.
3. the application of rumen-undegraded fat in preparation sugarcane fertilizer, wherein sugarcane fertilizer is arbitrary described sugarcane fertilizer of claim 1 ~ 2, wherein rumen-undegraded fat is hundred HTL316 of Canon.
4. the preparation method of arbitrary described sugarcane fertilizer of claim 1 ~ 2, it comprises:
(1) fusing rumen-undegraded fat, wherein rumen-undegraded fat is hundred HTL316 of Canon; With
(2) rumen-undegraded fat of fusing is sprayed on fertiliser granulates surface.
CN201210027532.5A 2012-02-08 2012-02-08 Sugarcane controlled-release fertilizer and preparation process thereof Active CN102584437B (en)

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CN104045408B (en) * 2013-03-11 2016-08-10 叶长东 Maninot esculenta crantz. Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation technology thereof
CN103570433A (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-02-12 康剑光 Special compound fertilizer for sugarcane
CN104291971A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-01-21 安徽禾泉种业有限公司 Zinc-rich special slow-release fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof
CN105085044A (en) * 2015-08-17 2015-11-25 李志山 Sugar cane controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105085054A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-11-25 李志山 Lychee release-control fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105237312A (en) * 2015-08-21 2016-01-13 李志山 Controlled-release fertilizer for sugarcane and preparation method thereof
CN105237252A (en) * 2015-08-28 2016-01-13 李志山 Tomato release-controllable fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105085098A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-25 李志山 Controlled-release fertilizer for pumpkins and preparation method for controlled-release fertilizer
CN105130690A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-12-09 李志山 Chili-controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105237138A (en) * 2015-08-28 2016-01-13 李志山 Release-controlled fertilizer for Chinese yam and preparation method thereof
CN105237251A (en) * 2015-08-28 2016-01-13 李志山 Release-control fertilizer for brassica juncea and preparation method thereof
CN105272531A (en) * 2015-09-25 2016-01-27 广西百润源农业有限公司 Sugarcane controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105198588A (en) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-30 广西百润源农业有限公司 Tea tree controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105198603A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-12-30 广西百润源农业有限公司 Pointed-tail Chinese cabbage controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
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CN105198604A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-12-30 广西百润源农业有限公司 Fragrant taro controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105367242A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-03-02 南宁市金沙壮畜牧养殖有限责任公司 Special controlled release fertilizer for sugarcane and preparation method for fertilizer
CN105565976A (en) * 2015-12-21 2016-05-11 罗永城 Controlled-release fertilizer for cantaloupes and preparation method thereof

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CN101348398B (en) * 2008-08-26 2013-01-30 华南农业大学 Long-acting coated compound fertilizer and preparation thereof

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