CN102584439B - Tea tree slow-release fertilizer and preparation technology thereof - Google Patents
Tea tree slow-release fertilizer and preparation technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102584439B CN102584439B CN201210027548.6A CN201210027548A CN102584439B CN 102584439 B CN102584439 B CN 102584439B CN 201210027548 A CN201210027548 A CN 201210027548A CN 102584439 B CN102584439 B CN 102584439B
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Abstract
The invention provides a tea tree fertilizer, which can be slowly released and comprises an external wrapping layer and an internal fertilizer particle, wherein the weight ratio of the wrapping layer to the fertilizer particle is (0.3-3) to (7-12), and the fertilizer particle contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and magnesium. Besides, the invention additionally provides a method for preparing the tea tree fertilizer and application of the tea tree fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vegetable fertilizer field, particularly, the present invention relates to the release and release control fertilizer for tea tree.
Background technology
China be drink tea, Zhong Cha big country, tealeaves annual production occupies the second in the world.According to the difference of plantation geographical position and kind, the tea tree tealeaves of can gathering for 1 year 2～4 times therefore need to keep the supply of continual nutrient supply, especially nitrogenous fertilizer in the process of growth of tea tree, just can make tea yield remain on higher level.
For this reason, someone tea tree fertilizer that begins one's study at present.For example, Chinese patent 93102872 discloses the special fertilizer on tea tree blade face, and it comprises 30～55% urea, 5～20% glucose, 10～25% sylvite, 10～30% zinc salt and antibiotic etc.
More composite fertilizer at present.For example, Chinese patent 200910016860 discloses tea tree organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, it comprise 3～15 parts, urea, 10～30 parts, ammonium sulfate, 5～25 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5～15 parts of potassium sulfate and with microorganism fermenting agent fermentation furfural dregs, scarp and differentiation matchmaker 40～70 parts of fermentation fertilizers.
But after above Term Fertilization, especially, after southern rain-belt is used, wherein solubility inorganic fertilizer can fast speed dissolve, and has reduced on the one hand the effect of Term Fertilization, causes fertilizer waste, also pollutes in addition periphery water body.For this reason, there is people to prepare slowly-releasing (controlled release) fertilizer by increase the mode of coating on fertilizer surface.For example, Chinese patent 03128868 discloses a kind of tea tree control release composite fertilizer special, it is comprised of coated carbamide and phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is 1: 0.2～0.5: 0.2～0.5, and coated carbamide is comprised of urea, urease inhibitors, nitrification inhibitor and organic coated material.Wherein organic coated material is polyacrylic acid or urethane resin, even if the Plastic Resins such as urethane are buried underground, also needs to decompose decades.Therefore, in this tea tree control release composite fertilizer special, organic coated material usage is many, is difficult to effectively discharge inner fertilizer, even causes the white pollution of Plastic Resin; And organic coated material usage is few, the soluble componentss such as the urea of infiltration are many, and urea etc. dissolves rapidly after meeting water, easily make fertiliser granulates form vesicular or disintegration, and actual slowly-releasing (controlled release) ability is very limited.
And for example, Chinese patent 200710115645 discloses a kind of special controlled release fertilizer for tree plant, wherein still continues above thinking and uses thermoplastic resin, still cannot solve white pollution and slowly-releasing (controlled release) hyperenergia or excessively weak problem.Especially the potash fertilizer of this patent, phosphate fertilizer and trace element do not have coated parcel, and are to be only uniformly mixed with thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, therefore the slowly-releasing of these several constituents (controlled release) ability are not almost had.
For this reason, the inventor is through long-term and arduous research, picked out rumen-undegraded fat and carry out Wrapped fertilizer from the existing chemical products as vast as the open sea, and the emission levels in the tea tree slow-release fertilizer of formation is moderate, and this material can degrade at occurring in nature, can not form white pollution.Rumen-undegraded fat powder is used to wrap up the feed of animal edible in the prior art, and because it has the fusing point that exceeds envrionment temperature (this is lower than the problem in animal body), and nobody uses it in feed parcel, but the inventor finds can discharge with moderate speed in moisture physical environment.More surprisingly, inventor's discovery, this material only has under the condition of mineral manure at parcel, and encapsulation rate is not high, therefore needs more material to wrap up, and causes cost to increase; And when wrapping up the fertilizer that contains yellow humic acid, only need less material just effectively to seal, reduced cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the tea tree fertilizer that provides new, and it can controlled release (that is, slowly-releasing) fertilizer.The present invention also provides the application of preparation tea tree fertilizer and method etc. in addition.
Particularly, in first aspect, the invention provides tea tree fertilizer, it comprise outer field integument and fertiliser granulates, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.3～3: 7～12, wherein
Integument is comprised of rumen-undegraded fat; With,
Fertiliser granulates comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and magnesium.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, the diameter of fertiliser granulates is about 0.3～1.5mm, is preferably 0.4～0.8mm, most preferably is 5mm.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.5～2: 8～9.5.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, fertiliser granulates comprises urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, Zinc vitriol and bitter salt.More preferably wherein, the weight ratio of urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, Zinc vitriol and bitter salt is 30～40: 40～60: 8～12: 0.5～1.5: 0.5～1.5.
Preferably, in first aspect present invention, fertiliser granulates also comprises yellow humic acid.More preferably wherein, the weight ratio of urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, Zinc vitriol, bitter salt and yellow humic acid is 23～33: 30～50: 6～10: 0.5～1.5: 0.5～1.5: 15～25.
Preferably in first aspect present invention, the rumen-undegraded fat Shi Bai HTL316 of Canon.
In second aspect, the invention provides the application of rumen-undegraded fat in preparation tea tree fertilizer.More preferably wherein, tea tree fertilizer is tea tree slow-release fertilizer.
Preferably, in second aspect present invention, tea tree fertilizer is the tea tree fertilizer of first aspect present invention.
In the third aspect, the invention provides the preparation method of the tea tree fertilizer of first aspect present invention, it comprises:
(1) fusing rumen-undegraded fat; With
(2) rumen-undegraded fat of fusing is sprayed on fertiliser granulates surface.
Preferably, in third aspect present invention, the diameter of fertiliser granulates is about 0.3～1.5mm, is preferably 0.4～0.8mm, most preferably is 5mm.
The present invention has following advantages and effect: the elements such as the required nitrogen of growth of tea plant, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and magnesium can be provided, improve the output of tealeaves; Controlled release/slow release fertilizer, effectively reduces the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of fertilizer; Controlled release/sustained release rate is moderate and stable, further improves the output of tealeaves; The equal degradable of fertilizer component, can not bring white pollution; While using yellow humic acid, not only can increase nutriment in a fertilizer, and can effectively improve encapsulation rate, reduce the consumption of lapping, save cost.
For the ease of understanding, below will to the present invention, be described in detail by specific embodiment.It needs to be noted, specific examples is only in order to illustrate, does not form limitation of the scope of the invention.Obviously those of ordinary skill in the art can make various corrections and change to the present invention within the scope of the invention according to explanation herein, and these corrections and change are also included in scope of the present invention.In addition, the present invention has quoted open source literature, and these documents are also in order more clearly to describe the present invention, and their full text content is all included the present invention in and carried out reference, just look like they full text in specification sheets of the present invention repeated description excessively the same.
Embodiment
Below will invention be described by specific embodiment herein.As do not specialize part, can implement according to listed method in the familiar agronomy of those skilled in the art and fertilizer science handbook and the reference of quoting herein.In addition, the material and facility using in embodiment all can be bought from the market.
The parcel of embodiment 1 mineral manure
Get 35 kilograms, urea, 50 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 10 kilograms, Repone K, 1 kilogram of Zinc vitriol, 1 kilogram of bitter salt, after mixing, then add 3 kg of water, after mixing, pulverize and sieve granulation, make the particle that diameter is about 0.5mm, be without Wrapped fertilizer.
Get the HTL316 of 0.5 kilogram of hundred Canon (BergaFat) (can purchased from Nanning converge new peak herding company limited) melts in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, then with fluidized granulation seed-coating machine, it is all evenly sprayed on the surface of particle of 9.5 kilograms of above-mentioned preparations and forms integument, obtain mineral manure 1; Separately get the HTL316 of 2 kilogram of hundred Canon (BergaFat) (can purchased from Nanning converge new peak herding company limited) melts in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, then with fluidized granulation seed-coating machine, it is all evenly sprayed on the surface of particle of 8 kilograms of above-mentioned preparations and forms integument, obtain mineral manure 2.
Embodiment 2 is containing the parcel of the fertilizer of yellow humic acid
Get 28 kilograms of ammonium chlorides, 40 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 8 kilograms, Repone K, 1 kilogram of Zinc vitriol, 1 kilogram of bitter salt, after mixing, then add 20 kilograms of yellow humic acids and 2 kg of water, after mixing, pulverize and sieve granulation, make the particle that diameter is about 0.5mm.
Get the HTL316 of 0.5 kilogram of hundred Canon (BergaFat) (can purchased from Nanning converge new peak herding company limited) melts in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, then with fluidized granulation seed-coating machine, it is all evenly sprayed on the surface of particle of 9.5 kilograms of above-mentioned preparations and forms integument, obtain the fertilizer containing yellow humic acid.
The dissolution rate test of embodiment 3 Wrapped fertilizers
Get the mineral manure 1, mineral manure 2 of embodiment 1 and 2 preparations and containing the fertilizer of yellow humic acid, and get embodiment 1 preparation without Wrapped fertilizer and with the fertilizer of urethane resin parcel in contrast, be immersed in clear water, at different time water sampling, detect fertilizer solubility rate wherein, result is as shown in the table:
Without Wrapped fertilizer, almost all dissolve at once, show to there is slow releasing function; With the fertilizer of urethane parcel, except there is no the fertiliser granulates of environmental sealing (sealing) in initial dissolving, disengage seldom more thereafter fertilizer, dissolution efficiency is too low; The encapsulation rate of mineral manure 1 is very low, causes a large amount of fertilizer just dissolving at first, but can continue thereafter to disengage the fertilizer of sealing; Mineral manure 2 and higher containing the encapsulation rate of the fertilizer of yellow humic acid, the fertilizer that major part is sealed continues to disengage in the back.
Embodiment 4 tea tree fertilization effects
The inventor entrusts Guilin Inst. of Tea Science, Guangxi Prov., with the fertilizer containing yellow humic acid of embodiment 2 preparations, tea tree is carried out to manurial experiment, before only sprouting in the spring every year, use once, what take embodiment 1 preparation simultaneously is contrast without Wrapped fertilizer, plant after 1 year, experimental group is higher by 12.8% than the tealeaves mean yield of control group.
Claims (6)
1. tea tree fertilizer, it comprise outer field integument and fertiliser granulates, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.3～3:7～12, wherein
Integument is comprised of rumen-undegraded fat, wherein the HTL316 of rumen-undegraded fat Shi Bai Canon; With,
Fertiliser granulates comprises urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, Zinc vitriol and bitter salt, wherein, the weight ratio of urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, Zinc vitriol and bitter salt is 30～40:40～60:8～12:0.5～1.5:0.5～1.5.
2. tea tree fertilizer claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of integument and fertiliser granulates is 0.5～2:8～9.5.
3. tea tree fertilizer claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, fertiliser granulates also comprises yellow humic acid.
4. tea tree fertilizer claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, Zinc vitriol, bitter salt and yellow humic acid is 23～33:30～50:6～10:0.5～1.5:0.5～1.5:15～25.
5. the application of rumen-undegraded fat in preparation tea tree fertilizer, the HTL316 of rumen-undegraded fat Shi Bai Canon wherein, wherein tea tree fertilizer is arbitrary described tea tree fertilizer of claim 1～4.
6. the preparation method of the arbitrary described tea tree fertilizer of claim 1～4, it comprises:
(1) fusing rumen-undegraded fat, the wherein HTL316 of rumen-undegraded fat Shi Bai Canon; With
(2) rumen-undegraded fat of fusing is sprayed on fertiliser granulates surface.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201210027548.6A CN102584439B (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2012-02-08 | Tea tree slow-release fertilizer and preparation technology thereof |
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| CN201210027548.6A CN102584439B (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2012-02-08 | Tea tree slow-release fertilizer and preparation technology thereof |
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| CN102584439B true CN102584439B (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104045408B (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2016-08-10 | 叶长东 | Maninot esculenta crantz. Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation technology thereof |
| CN104016791A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-03 | 广西地源之本肥业有限公司 | Fertilizer special for tea tree |
| CN104016792A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-03 | 广西地源之本肥业有限公司 | Tea tree fertilizer additive |
| CN106278667A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2017-01-04 | 成都宝科生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Camellia sinensis single fertilization method |
| CN105198554A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-30 | 李志山 | Tea tree controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105237311A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2016-01-13 | 李志山 | Controlled-release fertilizer for tea tree and preparation method thereof |
| CN105198588A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-30 | 广西百润源农业有限公司 | Tea tree controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105565977A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-11 | 罗永城 | Controlled-release fertilizer for oranges and preparation method of controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN111606760B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-11-05 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Fertilizer composite film material and special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ratoon rice in southern red soil region |
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| US6391454B1 (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2002-05-21 | Agway Inc. | Controlled release urea-based products |
| CN1548409A (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-11-24 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Controlled-releasing composite fertilizer specially for tea tree |
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Denomination of invention: Tea tree slow-release fertilizer and preparation technology thereof Effective date of registration: 20140917 Granted publication date: 20140416 Pledgee: Bank of Communications Ltd the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region branch Pledgor: Ye Changdong|Guangxi Qin de Polytron Technologies Inc Registration number: 2014990000764 |
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Date of cancellation: 20200923 Granted publication date: 20140416 Pledgee: Bank of Communications Ltd. the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region branch Pledgor: Ye Changdong Registration number: 2014990000764 |