CN106380292A - Controlled-release fertilizer for vegetables and preparation method of controlled release fertilizer - Google Patents
Controlled-release fertilizer for vegetables and preparation method of controlled release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106380292A CN106380292A CN201610755722.7A CN201610755722A CN106380292A CN 106380292 A CN106380292 A CN 106380292A CN 201610755722 A CN201610755722 A CN 201610755722A CN 106380292 A CN106380292 A CN 106380292A
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- glue solution
- controlled release
- release fertilizer
- kernel
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of a vegetable fertilizer, specifically to a controlled-release fertilizer for vegetables and a preparation method of the controlled release fertilizer. Potassium citrate and a photocatalyst are added in a core fertilizer layer, and in a shell film-coating layer, a potassium alginate aqueous solution, a konjak gum aqueous solution, and a guanidine gum aqueous solution are taken as raw materials, and a compact film layer structure is formed on the outer surface of fertilizer particles. The controlled release effect of the controlled-release fertilizer can be effectively improved, and the controlled-release period is prolonged. 80-90% by mass of all nutrients of the fertilizer is released in the 30th-80th day of the controlled-release period. Nutrients can be effectively provided for vegetables, and the yield of the vegetables is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vegetable uses fertilizer technology field, especially a kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer, during proportion of crop planting, is widely used in a variety of applications, and simplicity of applying fertilizer, effect project, but
Be chemical fertilizer in use, expose a large amount of problems, as relatively low in utilization rate of fertilizer, cause environmental pollution, crops
Planting cost is higher.For this problem, how to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, extend the fertilizer efficiency cycle, reduce proportion of crop planting work strong
Degree, becomes the direction that fertilizer field is paid close attention to, also just at this moment, release and release control fertilizer occur so that solution to the problems referred to above
Certainly open new thinking and relatively effective approach, therefore, occur in that the substantial amounts of research fertile with regard to slow-release controlled-release both at home and abroad
Scheme, but have focused largely on inorganic matters coated fertilizer and organic polymer coated fertilizer two big class.
Wherein inorganic matters coated fertilizer exists:The nutrient releasing speed of fertilizer is difficult to control to so that easily causing putamina
Explosion, works the mischief to the root system of crops, and also can change soil property, cause soil pollution it is difficult to reach slow release control
Release the effect that fertilizer is brought;Organic polymer coated fertilizer exists:Coated fertilizer is not degradable, easily causes white pollution,
Production cost is higher, and the scope being suitable for crops is limited to.
In consideration of it, occurring in that a large amount of researchs with regard to degradable coated fertilizer in prior art so that delaying in slow-release fertilizer
During releasing, effectively can control slow release speed, and be difficult to burst, and can be with the prolongation in slow release cycle, peplos
Layer can be degraded, and improves soil fertility.
At present, there is large-area growing vegetables base in China, but, during traditional growing vegetables, it is all to choose
Traditional chemical fertilizer carries out fertilizer treatment so that the soil in growing vegetables base occurs serious rotten, the yield of impact vegetable, very
To also leading to vegetable that the phenomenon of yellow leaf, burn seedlings, or even death occurs due to improper fertilization.
Based on this, it is fertile, to providing special fertilizer during growing vegetables, such as that those skilled in the art are directed to growing vegetables
Number of patent application is 201610249540.2 fertilizer special for vegetable and leafy vegetable that number of patent application is 200710116243.1
Controlled Release Fertilizer etc., even so, for the quality research of slow-release fertilizer, be still the long-term target of people in the art, this researcher
After vegetable having been carried out studying with slow-release fertilizer in the soil so that the slow release cycle of vegetable slow-release fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer apply fertilizer, to soil
The decomposition of earth hazardous contaminant, using being all improved, improves growing vegetables environmental quality.
Content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer and its system
Preparation Method.
It is achieved particular by technical scheme below:
A kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, this Controlled Release Fertilizer is made up of kernel fertilizer layer and shell coating layer;Wherein, kernel fertilizer layer
In containing accounting for the potassium citrate of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.1-5% and account for the photocatalysis of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.01-0.07%
Agent;Shell coating layer is made up of potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution, and shell coating layer accounts for kernel
The 2-5% of fertilizer layer quality;The mass concentration of described potassium alginate aqueous solution is 0.1-3%;Described Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution
Mass concentration be 0.1-5%;The mass concentration of described guanidine glue solution is 3-7%.
Described photocatalyst is Zinc oxide powder, and particle diameter is 5nm-200 μm.
Described shell coating layer, wherein potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, the quality proportioning of guanidine glue solution
For 1:3-7:0.5-1.3.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) kernel fertilizer material is placed in pelletize in comminutor, and to dry to moisture content be 3-9%, obtain dry particle;
(2) dry particle is placed in seed-coating machine, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is sprayed into, and be passed through 50-60 DEG C of steam constant temperature 30-
40min, then spray into after potassium alginate aqueous solution, the mixing of guanidine glue solution, and its moisture content is adjusted to 5-11%, then by its
It is placed in immersion 3-7min in fuel, filters, dry, you can.
Described fuel is the boron-containing solution that mass concentration is 0.1-4%.
Described boron-containing solution is boric acid.
The zinc sulfate accounting for boron-containing solution quality 1-3% is also contained in described fuel.
Compared with prior art, the technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
By adding potassium citrate and photocatalyst in kernel fertilizer layer, shell coating layer adopts potassium alginate water
Solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution are as the raw material of shell coating layer, enabling in fertiliser granulates outer surface shape
Become fine and close film layer structure, can effectively improve the slow release effect of slow-release fertilizer, extend the slow release cycle, and enable to slow release
Cycle discharges in 30-80 days and accounts for fertilizer total nutrient quality 80-90%, effectively can provide nutrient for vegetable, increase vegetable
The yield of dish.
The invention especially with slow release process so that the shell coating layer of slow-release fertilizer is urged in potassium citrate, light
In the presence of agent, degrade, and also can be under potassium alginate, photocatalyst, will be organic for the poisonous and harmful in soil
Thing degraded utilizes, and improves soil physico-chemical property, improves soil quality, reaches stable yields volume increase, reduces environmental pollution.
This researcher passes through to process, and it is placed in pure potassium alginate, Konjac glucomannan, guanidine glue separately as shell coating layer
Carry out nutrient slowly-released detection as a control group in water, and the slow release effect contrast with the slow-release fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation, its
When result surface individually adopts potassium alginate, Konjac glucomannan, guanidine glue etc. as shell peplos layer material, its slow release cycle substantially long with
Embodiments of the invention, its nutrient quick release cycle, all between the 80-100 days, adopts after mixing two-by-two, as shell bag
Film material, its slow release cycle is significantly short than embodiments of the invention, and the nutrient quick release cycle again the 10-30 days it
Between it is seen then that using one of three kinds of raw materials or two kinds as shell coating layer, being all difficult to meet in the vegetable growth cycle
Nutrient slowly-released demand is so that fertilizer efficiency is poor;And when being mixed as shell peplos layer material for two kinds, its bi-material it
Between exist and interact so that its coated slow-release effect is affected, it is longer that homogenous material enables to the slow release cycle, and this
Bright create by using three kinds as peplos Feedstock treating after,, between the 30-80 days, nutrient discharges in a large number for it, disclosure satisfy that vegetable
The nutritional need of dish growth, effectively raises utilization rate of fertilizer, enhances fertilizer efficiency.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further limited with reference to specific embodiment, but claimed
Scope is not only limited to description.
Kernel fertilizer layer in the invention can be the granule being made for raw material with farm manure, such as with chicken manure,
After one of cattle manure, sheep stool, pig manure etc. or several mixing, after fermentation maturity, the granular fertilizer of pelletize;Can also be with
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, kieselguhr, straw etc. are preparation of raw material;Also may be used
To be to be calculated as magnesium sulfate 1-3 part, dalcium biphosphate 3-7 part, potassium sulfate 1-3 part, ammonium phosphate 3-7 part, bicarbonate according to mass parts
Ammonium 1-3 part is mixed with;Can also be that control nitrogen content composition is 8-15 weight portion, phosphorus pentoxide composition 5-10 weight
Amount part, oxidation potassium composition 8-10 weight portion cooperation, nitrogen content composition therein can be nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, amide
State nitrogen;Phosphorus pentoxide composition can be phosphoric acid, phosphate, dihydric phosphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen disalt or ground phosphate rock;Potassium oxide can
To be can be used as fertilizer application potassium salt, such as potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc..
Embodiment 1
A kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, this Controlled Release Fertilizer is made up of kernel fertilizer layer and shell coating layer;Wherein, kernel fertilizer layer
In containing accounting for the potassium citrate of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.1% and account for the photocatalyst of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.01%;Shell
Coating layer is made up of potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution, and shell coating layer accounts for kernel fertilizer layer matter
The 2% of amount;The mass concentration of described potassium alginate aqueous solution is 0.1%;The mass concentration of described Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is
0.1%;The mass concentration of described guanidine glue solution is 3%.
Described photocatalyst is Zinc oxide powder, and particle diameter is 5nm.
Described shell coating layer, wherein potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, the quality proportioning of guanidine glue solution
For 1:3:0.5.
Embodiment 2
A kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, this Controlled Release Fertilizer is made up of kernel fertilizer layer and shell coating layer;Wherein, kernel fertilizer layer
In containing accounting for the potassium citrate of kernel fertilizer layer quality 5% and account for the photocatalyst of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.07%;Shell bag
Film layer is made up of potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution, and shell coating layer accounts for kernel fertilizer layer quality
5%;The mass concentration of described potassium alginate aqueous solution is 3%;The mass concentration of described Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is 5%;
The mass concentration of described guanidine glue solution is 7%.
Described photocatalyst is Zinc oxide powder, and particle diameter is 200 μm.
Described shell coating layer, wherein potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, the quality proportioning of guanidine glue solution
For 1:7:1.3.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) kernel fertilizer material is placed in pelletize in comminutor, and dry to moisture content be 3%, obtain dry particle;
(2) dry particle is placed in seed-coating machine, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is sprayed into, and be passed through 50 DEG C of steam constant temperature 30min,
Spray into after potassium alginate aqueous solution, the mixing of guanidine glue solution again, and its moisture content is adjusted to 5%, then be placed on nutrition
Soak 3min in material, filter, dry, you can.
Described fuel is the boric acid that mass concentration is 0.1%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, this Controlled Release Fertilizer is made up of kernel fertilizer layer and shell coating layer;Wherein, kernel fertilizer layer
In containing accounting for the potassium citrate of kernel fertilizer layer quality 2% and account for the photocatalyst of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.05%;Shell bag
Film layer is made up of potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution, and shell coating layer accounts for kernel fertilizer layer quality
3%;The mass concentration of described potassium alginate aqueous solution is 1%;The mass concentration of described Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is 2%;
The mass concentration of described guanidine glue solution is 5%.
Described photocatalyst is Zinc oxide powder, and particle diameter is 100 μm.
Described shell coating layer, wherein potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, the quality proportioning of guanidine glue solution
For 1:5:1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) kernel fertilizer material is placed in pelletize in comminutor, and dry to moisture content be 9%, obtain dry particle;
(2) dry particle is placed in seed-coating machine, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is sprayed into, and be passed through 60 DEG C of steam constant temperature 40min,
Spray into after potassium alginate aqueous solution, the mixing of guanidine glue solution again, and its moisture content is adjusted to 11%, then be placed on nutrition
Soak 7min in material, filter, dry, you can.
Described fuel is the boron-containing solution that mass concentration is 4%.Boron element therein is provided by Borax.Described battalion
The zinc sulfate accounting for boron-containing solution quality 1% is also contained in nutriment.
Embodiment 4
A kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, this Controlled Release Fertilizer is made up of kernel fertilizer layer and shell coating layer;Wherein, kernel fertilizer layer
In containing accounting for the potassium citrate of kernel fertilizer layer quality 4% and account for the photocatalyst of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.02%;Shell bag
Film layer is made up of potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution, and shell coating layer accounts for kernel fertilizer layer quality
4%;The mass concentration of described potassium alginate aqueous solution is 0.8%;The mass concentration of described Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is
0.5%;The mass concentration of described guanidine glue solution is 4%.
Described photocatalyst is Zinc oxide powder, and particle diameter is 50 μm.
Described shell coating layer, wherein potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, the quality proportioning of guanidine glue solution
For 1:4:0.9.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) kernel fertilizer material is placed in pelletize in comminutor, and dry to moisture content be 8%, obtain dry particle;
(2) dry particle is placed in seed-coating machine, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is sprayed into, and be passed through 55 DEG C of steam constant temperature 35min,
Spray into after potassium alginate aqueous solution, the mixing of guanidine glue solution again, and its moisture content is adjusted to 8%, then be placed on nutrition
Soak 5min in material, filter, dry, you can.
Described fuel is the boric acid that mass concentration is 3%.Also contain in described fuel and account for boron-containing solution quality
3% zinc sulfate.
Embodiment 5
A kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, this Controlled Release Fertilizer is made up of kernel fertilizer layer and shell coating layer;Wherein, kernel fertilizer layer
In containing accounting for the potassium citrate of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.1% and account for the photocatalyst of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.07%;Shell
Coating layer is made up of potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution, and shell coating layer accounts for kernel fertilizer layer matter
The 2% of amount;The mass concentration of described potassium alginate aqueous solution is 3%;The mass concentration of described Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is
0.1%;The mass concentration of described guanidine glue solution is 3%.
Described photocatalyst is Zinc oxide powder, and particle diameter is 100nm.
Described shell coating layer, wherein potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, the quality proportioning of guanidine glue solution
For 1:6:0.7.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) kernel fertilizer material is placed in pelletize in comminutor, and dry to moisture content be 6%, obtain dry particle;
(2) dry particle is placed in seed-coating machine, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is sprayed into, and be passed through 59 DEG C of steam constant temperature 32min,
Spray into after potassium alginate aqueous solution, the mixing of guanidine glue solution again, and its moisture content is adjusted to 7%, then be placed on nutrition
Soak 5min in material, filter, dry, you can.
Described fuel is the boron-containing solution that mass concentration is 0.9%.Boron element is provided by Borax.Described fuel
In also contain the zinc sulfate accounting for boron-containing solution quality 2%.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer is it is characterised in that this Controlled Release Fertilizer is made up of kernel fertilizer layer and shell coating layer;Wherein,
Contain in kernel fertilizer layer and account for the potassium citrate of kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.1-5% and account for kernel fertilizer layer quality 0.01-
0.07% photocatalyst;Shell coating layer is made up of potassium alginate aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, guanidine glue solution, outward
Shell coating layer accounts for the 2-5% of kernel fertilizer layer quality;The mass concentration of described potassium alginate aqueous solution is 0.1-3%;Described
Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution mass concentration be 0.1-5%;The mass concentration of described guanidine glue solution is 3-7%.
2. vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described photocatalyst is Zinc oxide powder, grain
Footpath is 5nm-200 μm.
3. vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described shell coating layer, wherein potassium alginate
Aqueous solution, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution, the quality proportioning of guanidine glue solution are 1:3-7:0.5-1.3.
4. the preparation method of the vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer as described in any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that include following walking
Suddenly:
(1) kernel fertilizer material is placed in pelletize in comminutor, and to dry to moisture content be 3-9%, obtain dry particle;
(2) dry particle is placed in seed-coating machine, Rhizoma amorphophalli glue solution is sprayed into, and be passed through 50-60 DEG C of steam constant temperature 30-
40min, then spray into after potassium alginate aqueous solution, the mixing of guanidine glue solution, and its moisture content is adjusted to 5-11%, then by its
It is placed in immersion 3-7min in fuel, filters, dry, you can.
5. vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer as claimed in claim 4 preparation method it is characterised in that described fuel to be quality dense
Spend the boron-containing solution for 0.1-4%.
6. the preparation method of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterised in that described boron-containing solution is boron
Acid.
7. the preparation method of vegetable Controlled Release Fertilizer as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterised in that also contain in described fuel
Account for the zinc sulfate of boron-containing solution quality 1-3%.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110272316A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-24 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of paper base microelement accumulation type slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN111592406A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-28 | 德州市农业科学研究院 | Vegetable slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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CN102910977A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-06 | 南京农业大学 | Compound slow-release fertilizer as well as preparation method and application of fertilizer |
CN103387444A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-11-13 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of humic acid sustained-release granules coated by Konjac glucomannan |
CN104649806A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Sodium alginate oligosaccharide coated slow-release fertilizer and preparation and application thereof |
CN105753540A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-13 | 固镇县传红家庭农场 | Special fertilizer for vegetables |
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2016
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Patent Citations (5)
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CN101215202A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-07-09 | 山东大学 | Leaf vegetable release-controlling fertilizer |
CN102910977A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-06 | 南京农业大学 | Compound slow-release fertilizer as well as preparation method and application of fertilizer |
CN103387444A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-11-13 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of humic acid sustained-release granules coated by Konjac glucomannan |
CN104649806A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Sodium alginate oligosaccharide coated slow-release fertilizer and preparation and application thereof |
CN105753540A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-13 | 固镇县传红家庭农场 | Special fertilizer for vegetables |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110272316A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-24 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of paper base microelement accumulation type slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN110272316B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2021-11-30 | 陕西科技大学 | Paper-based trace element aggregation type slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN111592406A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-28 | 德州市农业科学研究院 | Vegetable slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170208 |