CN102910977A - Compound slow-release fertilizer as well as preparation method and application of fertilizer - Google Patents
Compound slow-release fertilizer as well as preparation method and application of fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102910977A CN102910977A CN2012104639496A CN201210463949A CN102910977A CN 102910977 A CN102910977 A CN 102910977A CN 2012104639496 A CN2012104639496 A CN 2012104639496A CN 201210463949 A CN201210463949 A CN 201210463949A CN 102910977 A CN102910977 A CN 102910977A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers and relates to a compound slow-release fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application of the fertilizer. The compound slow-release fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-5.0 parts of biological back carbon, 1.0-4.0 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 0.2-2.5 parts of potassium fertilizer, 0.3-3.0 parts of phosphatic fertilizer and 0-2.0 parts of bentonite. The compound slow-release fertilizer is prepared by mixing the biological back carbon, the nitrogenous fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer, the phosphatic fertilizer and the bentonite and pelletizing. The particle size of the fertilizer is 3-4 mm, and the moisture content of the fertilizer is 15%-25%; and the waste straws of crop is fully utilized and effectively combined with NPK fertilizer, thus the content of nitrate in vegetables is obviously reduced, the leaching loss of N is prevented, and the yield and quality of the vegetables are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the chemical fertilizer field, relate to a kind of composite slow-release fertilizer and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Vegetables are the food that people like, it provides various VITAMIN, mineral substance and Mierocrystalline cellulose for us, has irreplaceable effect, by people live essential.Simultaneously, vegetables belong to happiness nitre crop, are easy to accumulate nitrate.Studies show that the nitrate that human body is taken in has 70% one 80% from vegetables.Nitrate itself is harmless or poison relatively low to body, but enter the nitrate reducible one-tenth nitrosonium salts under the effect of bacterium in the human body, formed nitrite can make the oxygen carrying capability of blood descend on the one hand, cause methemoglobinemia, on the other hand can with other food of people picked-up, pharmaceuticals, remains of pesticide in secondary amine (secondary amine, uncle's acid amide and amino acid) reaction, (pH=3) forms strong carcinogen-nitrosamine under one's belt, brings out the Digestive tract canceration.Excessive nitrate can cause potential hazard to HUMAN HEALTH, must be the nitrate content control in the vegetables in safety range.The World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO) stipulated that the ADI value (day allowance) of nitrate was every kg body weight 3.6mg in 1973.Accordingly, various countries have successively formulated the limitation standard of Nitrate in Vegetable.China's vegetable nitrate limit standard is: root vegetables＜=2500mg/kgFW, leaf vegetables＜=3000mg/kgFW.
Because vegetables are that people like and requisite food, also be easy to enrichment nitrate simultaneously, so the nitrate content in the vegetables is extremely people's concern just.In the report of Wang Liping, Xiang Changping, nitrate content to Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Lanzhou, several vegetables in 7 cities, Yinchuan has carried out evaluation of hygiene, it is comparatively serious to find that the larger several vegetables nitrate contents of China's consumption of resident amount pollute, the highly polluted even severe contamination of the many genus of root vegetables, green vegetable class and the Chinese cabbage that amount is maximum especially throughout the year.As seen, China's Nitrate in Vegetables situation allows of no optimist.People quality of life is required more and more highlyer, to pollution-free vegetable and green food cry more and more stronger today, it is extremely urgent, very urgent to reduce nitrate salts content of vegetable.
Most vegetables are happiness nitre crops, and an amount of nitric nitrogen is conducive to the growth of vegetables, but excessive nitric nitrogen easily causes vegetables excess accumulation nitrate.Usually plant is a kind of active process to absorption and the accumulation of nitrate.Aslan etc. think, entered the nitrate of plant cylinder accumulation by plant absorbing, except the storage nitrogenous source as plant nitrogen metabolism, synthetic protein, or what vegetable cell was important oozes the accent material, especially under low light condition, carbohydrate is synthetic in the plant materials reduces, when organic content descends in the vacuole, and NO3
-Alternative their the accent effect of oozing, and NO
3 -The energy Ratios organism that needs of the accent effect of oozing low.In addition, NO
3 -Also to K
Ten, Ca
Ten, wait positively charged ion that the effect of balancing charge is arranged.In view of this plant to accumulate nitrate in process of growth be its intrinsic characteristic, the carrying out that is conducive to vegetable cell normal physiological biological process, accumulating a certain amount of nitrate in the body is inevitably, and the physiological process of its absorption to nitrate, operation process and assimilatory reduction is depended in what and variation of accumulation total amount.
Along with modern economy the raising of development and living standards of the people, peasants in order to make vegetables good-looking in appearance, in order to shorten the growth cycle of vegetables, apply a large amount of chemical fertilizer when planting vegetable, considerably beyond the ability to bear of soil, also improved greatly the content of Nitrate in Vegetable.Especially the vegetables of greenhouse gardening, owing to substantially can carry out the plantation of vegetables throughout the year, soil is not lain fallow the phase, and all to execute a large amount of fertilizer before each plantation, adding booth is the environment of a sealing, and this is just so that the nitrate content in the booth vegetable has exceeded edible scope from far away.But because people are for the deficient of the knowledge of this respect and lack certain mechanism and go management, so even what eat is the vegetables that exceed standard, there is not relevant unit to go to solve associated problem yet.So, find that a kind of can to reduce the fertilizer that nitrate salts content of vegetable can guarantee again yield and quality be extremely urgent thing.
Agricultural wastes biomass through pyrolysis charing utilization has been world trend, and the biological black wood charcoal of thermo-cracking primary product is at the agricultural solid carbon emission reduction and improve the aspect such as soil and show huge application potential, by internationally recognized be new agriculture Green Revolution new technology of 21 century.The factory production process condition of the agricultural wastes biomass through pyrolysis charings such as China's stalk is ripe, National Energy Board, the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture's combined launch in 2011 " construction of green energy resource demonstration county " plan, the charing of straw thermal cracking gas-carbon cogeneration obtains the state revenue and expenditure support.Therefore, straw thermal cracking charing industrialization prospect is very bright and clear.The primary product of stalk gas-carbon cogeneration also mainly obtains solid biologic black wood charcoal and liquid wood vinegar except biological fuel gas, the whereabouts that solves its application will be the inevitable demand of biomass carbonated industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the defects for prior art, a kind of composite slow-release fertilizer that reduces booth vegetable nitrate is provided.
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide this composite slow-release fertilizer.
Another purpose of the present invention provides the application of this composite slow-release fertilizer.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of composite slow-release fertilizer that reduces booth vegetable nitrate comprises biological black wood charcoal 0.5 ~ 5.0 weight part, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 4.0 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.2 ~ 2.5 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 3.0 weight part, wilkinite 0 ~ 2.0 weight part.
Described composite slow-release fertilizer preferably comprises biological black wood charcoal 1.0 ~ 3.0 weight parts, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 2.5 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 2.0 weight part, wilkinite 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part.
Described composite slow-release fertilizer further comprises biological black wood charcoal 1.2 ~ 1.3 weight parts, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.7 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.8 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 1.0 weight parts, wilkinite 0.3 weight part.
Wherein, described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea; Described potash fertilizer is Repone K; Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; Described biological black wood charcoal particle diameter is obtained by the straw thermal cracking of different crops less than 0.25mm, can make by oneself, also can buy the commercially available prod.
Described composite slow-release fertilizer is that its particle diameter is 3-4mm by granulation gained after biological black wood charcoal, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and wilkinite are mixed, and water ratio is 15% ~ 20%.Add on demand an amount of water in the pelletization, whether dryly decide according to fertilizer water content after the granulation, if greater than 20%, then need to be in baking oven 50-60 ℃ dry by the fire to water content less than 20%, if less than 20%, then do not need drying.
The preparation method of composite slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is with biological black wood charcoal 0.5 ~ 5.0 weight part, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 4.0 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.2 ~ 2.5 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 3.0 weight part, granulation gained after wilkinite 0 ~ 2.0 weight part mixes, its particle diameter is 3-4mm, and water ratio is 15% ~ 20%.
Described composite slow-release fertilizer comprises biological black wood charcoal 1.0 ~ 3.0 weight parts, preferred 1.2 weight parts; Nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 2.5 weight parts, preferred 1.7 weight parts; Potash fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, preferred 0.8 weight part; Phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 2.0 weight part, preferred 1.0 weight parts; Wilkinite 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, preferred 0.3 weight part.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea; Described potash fertilizer is Repone K; Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; Described biological black wood charcoal particle diameter is less than 0.25mm.
The application of composite slow-release fertilizer of the present invention in reducing nitrate salts content of vegetable.
Described application is manured into soil according to local rate of fertilizer application fertilizer and with machine it is squeezed into to the 40cm depths with the form of base manure, it is even to make it to be mixed in soil, is not using other fertilizer during the vegetable growth, and other field management measure is normal.
The present invention possesses following beneficial effect:
1) contains abundant organic matter, N, P, the nutritive elements such as K;
2) because the absorption property of biological black wood charcoal is fine, other nutritive elements can be adsorbed wherein, so the homogeneity of the particle of creating is fine and outward appearance is very beautiful;
3) owing to the adsorptivity of biological black wood charcoal, nutrient wherein can obtain more lasting release, and a long-term effect can be arranged, and the N leaching is reduced, and fertilizer efficiency is better than common composite fertilizer;
In a word, the present invention takes full advantage of the wastes straw of farm crop, with the fertile effectively combination of NPK, has reduced significantly Nitrate in Vegetable, has prevented the leaching loss of N, has improved the yield and quality of vegetables.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 uses the nitrate nitrogen content of Common compound fertilizer and the rear soil different levels of embodiment 1 composite slow-release fertilizer (namely " the black wood charcoal granulation fertilizer " among the figure is lower same).
A is first batch of 0 ~ 20cm nitrate nitrogen content, B is first batch of 20 ~ 40cm nitrate nitrogen content, C is first batch of 40 ~ 60cm nitrate nitrogen content, D is first batch of 0 ~ 20cm ammonium nitrogen content, E is first batch of 20 ~ 40cm ammonium nitrogen content, F is first batch of 40 ~ 60cm ammonium nitrogen content, G is second batch of 0 ~ 20cm nitrate nitrogen content, H is second batch of 20 ~ 40cm nitrate nitrogen content, I is second batch of 40 ~ 60cm nitrate nitrogen content, J is second batch of 0-20cm ammonium nitrogen content, and K is second batch of 20-40cm ammonium nitrogen content, and L is second batch of 40-60cm ammonium nitrogen content.
The output of Fig. 2 different treatment group.
The nitrate nitrogen content of Fig. 3 different treatment group vegetables.
The chlorophyll content of Fig. 4 different treatment group vegetables.
The Vc content of Fig. 5 different treatment group vegetables.
Fig. 6 is the soluble sugar content of different treatment vegetables.
Embodiment
The black wood charcoal that the present invention adopts is available from the sharp new forms of energy in Henan three company limited, and particle diameter is less than 0.25mm.
The Common compound fertilizer that the present invention adopts is produced by Anhui Baeyer good fortune bio tech ltd, mainly by KCl, and P2O5, N is fertile to be formed.
The analysis that following otherness is all carried out with spss software, the different letter representatives among the figure have significant difference in the statistics level.
With biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K, monoammonium phosphate, wilkinite fully mixes according to the mass ratio of 1.2:1.7:0.8:1:0.3; add and be equivalent to biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K, the water of the 0.04wt% of monoammonium phosphate and wilkinite total mass carries out granulation at small-sized tablets press and gets the composite slow-release fertilizer particle; gained composite slow-release fertilizer grain diameter is 3-4mm; water ratio is 20%, and the full nitrogen of this composite slow-release fertilizer particle and Common compound fertilizer is respectively 28.7%, 17.7%.
Be used as base manure during the composite slow-release fertilizer particle of embodiment 1 preparation and Common compound fertilizer be manured into soil according to the rate of fertilizer application of 50kg/ mu, plant respectively little green vegetables on two ground, once sprayed in about 2-3 days, during hoe up weeds once.After first batch of little green vegetables of results, carry out the plantation of second batch of little green vegetables, between about 15 days of interval, the plantation of second batch of vegetables does not refertilize, and continues the processing of first batch of continuity.The growing periods of vegetables sampling 3 times, the sampling level is divided into 3 layers, 0-20cm, and 20-40cm, 40-60cm carries out the mensuration of ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, and first batch of sampled data seen Fig. 1.As seen from Figure 1, the N that the black wood charcoal granulation fertilizer discharges on the top layer of later stage soil (0-20,20-40) is more than Common compound fertilizer, and processes than black wood charcoal granulation fertilizer content height at the 40-60cm Common compound fertilizer, illustrates that the leaching of black wood charcoal granulation fertilizer is less than Common compound fertilizer.
Carry out the results of vegetables after 31 days, measure output, the results are shown in Figure 2, get sample segment and measure quality, comprise the nitrate nitrogen content of vegetables, vitamins C, soluble sugar, chlorophyll content the results are shown in Figure 3 ~ 5.By Fig. 2 ~ 5 as seen, the black wood charcoal granulation fertilizer is better than the effect of Common compound fertilizer, and yield and quality has good embodiment, and the effect of first batch of the ratio of second batch effect is more obvious, illustrates that the slow releasing function of black wood charcoal granulation fertilizer is very strong.
Embodiment 3
With biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K; monoammonium phosphate; wilkinite fully mixes according to the mass ratio of 0.5:1.0:0.5:1.5:0.1; add and be equivalent to biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K, the water of the 0.03wt% of monoammonium phosphate and wilkinite total mass carries out granulation at small-sized tablets press and gets the composite slow-release fertilizer particle.This composite slow-release fertilizer grain diameter is 3-4mm, and water ratio is 18%.Be used as base manure during the composite slow-release fertilizer particle of preparation and Common compound fertilizer be manured into soil according to the rate of fertilizer application of 50kg/ mu, plant respectively little green vegetables on two ground, once sprayed in about 2-3 days, during hoe up weeds once.Carry out the results of vegetables after 31 days, measure output, get sample segment and measure quality, comprise the nitrate nitrogen content of vegetables, Vc, chlorophyll content the results are shown in Table 1.
With biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K; monoammonium phosphate; wilkinite fully mixes according to the mass ratio of 5.0:4.0:2.0:3.0:0.5, adds to be equivalent to biological black wood charcoal and urea, Repone K; the water of the 0.06wt% of monoammonium phosphate and wilkinite total mass; carry out granulation at small-sized tablets press and get the composite slow-release fertilizer particle, after the granulation fertilizer water content greater than 20%, in baking oven 55 ℃ dry by the fire to water content less than 20%.This composite slow-release fertilizer grain diameter is 3-4mm, and water ratio is 19%.Be used as base manure during the composite slow-release fertilizer particle of preparation and Common compound fertilizer be manured into soil according to the rate of fertilizer application of 50kg/ mu, plant respectively little green vegetables on two ground, once sprayed in about 2-3 days, during hoe up weeds once.Carry out the results of vegetables after 31 days, measure output, get sample segment and measure quality, comprise the nitrate nitrogen content of vegetables, Vc, chlorophyll content the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
With biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K; monoammonium phosphate; wilkinite fully mixes according to the mass ratio of 1.0:1.2:0.6:0.9:0.5; add and be equivalent to biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K, the water of the 0.04wt% of monoammonium phosphate and wilkinite total mass carries out granulation at small-sized tablets press and gets the composite slow-release fertilizer particle.This composite slow-release fertilizer grain diameter is 3-4mm, and water ratio is 20%.Be used as base manure during the composite slow-release fertilizer particle of preparation and Common compound fertilizer be manured into soil according to the rate of fertilizer application of 50kg/ mu, plant respectively little green vegetables on two ground, once sprayed in about 2-3 days, during hoe up weeds once.Carry out the results of vegetables after 31 days, measure output, get sample segment and measure quality, comprise the nitrate nitrogen content of vegetables, Vc, chlorophyll content the results are shown in Table 1.
With biological black wood charcoal and urea; Repone K; monoammonium phosphate; wilkinite fully mixes according to the mass ratio of 3.0:2.5:1.4:1.8:0.4, adds to be equivalent to biological black wood charcoal and urea, Repone K; the water of the 0.05wt% of monoammonium phosphate and wilkinite total mass; carry out granulation at small-sized tablets press and get the composite slow-release fertilizer particle, after the granulation fertilizer water content greater than 20%, in baking oven 55 ℃ dry by the fire to water content less than 20%.This composite slow-release fertilizer grain diameter is 3-4mm, and water ratio is 15%.Be used as base manure during the composite slow-release fertilizer particle of preparation and Common compound fertilizer be manured into soil according to the rate of fertilizer application of 50kg/ mu, plant respectively little green vegetables on two ground, once sprayed in about 2-3 days, during hoe up weeds once.Carry out the results of vegetables after 31 days, measure output, get sample segment and measure quality, comprise the nitrate nitrogen content of vegetables, Vc, chlorophyll content the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. composite slow-release fertilizer that reduces booth vegetable nitrate, it is characterized in that described composite slow-release fertilizer comprises biological black wood charcoal 0.5 ~ 5.0 weight part, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 4.0 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.2 ~ 2.5 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 3.0 weight part, wilkinite 0 ~ 2.0 weight part.
2. composite slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described composite slow-release fertilizer comprises biological black wood charcoal 1.0 ~ 3.0 weight parts, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 2.5 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 2.0 weight part, wilkinite 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part.
3. composite slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that described composite slow-release fertilizer comprises biological black wood charcoal 1.2 ~ 1.3 weight parts, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.7 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.8 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 1.0 weight parts, wilkinite 0.3 weight part.
4. each described composite slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1 ~ 3 is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea; Described potash fertilizer is Repone K; Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; Described biological black wood charcoal particle diameter is less than 0.25mm.
5. each described composite slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterized in that described composite slow-release fertilizer is by granulation gained after biological black wood charcoal, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and wilkinite are mixed, its particle diameter is 3-4mm, and water ratio is 15% ~ 20%.
6. the preparation method of composite slow-release fertilizer claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that biological black wood charcoal 0.5 ~ 5.0 weight part, nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 4.0 weight parts, potash fertilizer 0.2 ~ 2.5 weight part, phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 3.0 weight part, granulation gained after wilkinite 0 ~ 2.0 weight part mixes, its particle diameter is 3-4mm, water ratio is 15% ~ 20%.
7. the preparation method of composite slow-release fertilizer according to claim 6 is characterized in that described composite slow-release fertilizer comprises biological black wood charcoal 1.0 ~ 3.0 weight parts, preferred 1.2 weight parts; Nitrogenous fertilizer 1.0 ~ 2.5 weight parts, preferred 1.7 weight parts; Potash fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, preferred 0.8 weight part; Phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 2.0 weight part, preferred 1.0 weight parts; Wilkinite 0.1 ~ 0.5 weight part, preferred 0.3 weight part.
8. the preparation method of composite slow-release fertilizer according to claim 6 is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea; Described potash fertilizer is Repone K; Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate; Described biological black wood charcoal particle diameter is less than 0.25mm.
9. the application of composite slow-release fertilizer claimed in claim 1 in reducing nitrate salts content of vegetable.
10. application according to claim 9, it is even to it is characterized in that fertilizer is manured into soil and makes it to be mixed in soil with the form of base manure, is not using other fertilizer during the vegetable growth, and other field management measure is normal.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN106007952A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 太仓市雅丰农场专业合作社 | Microelement-rich organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106348838A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏绿洲园艺绿化有限公司 | Method for preparing flos hibisci controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN106380292A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-08 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | Controlled-release fertilizer for vegetables and preparation method of controlled release fertilizer |
| CN107353086A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-17 | 湖北金日生态能源股份有限公司 | A kind of pure biological Resistant seed manure and with position with broadcasting production method |
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| CN102515930A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-06-27 | 商丘三利新能源有限公司 | Carbon-based biological potassium fertilizer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106007952A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 太仓市雅丰农场专业合作社 | Microelement-rich organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106348838A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏绿洲园艺绿化有限公司 | Method for preparing flos hibisci controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN106380292A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-08 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | Controlled-release fertilizer for vegetables and preparation method of controlled release fertilizer |
| CN107353086A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-17 | 湖北金日生态能源股份有限公司 | A kind of pure biological Resistant seed manure and with position with broadcasting production method |
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Application publication date: 20130206 |