CN105237186A - Corn multifunctional soil-improving and nutrient-control-released fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Corn multifunctional soil-improving and nutrient-control-released fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105237186A CN105237186A CN201510627991.0A CN201510627991A CN105237186A CN 105237186 A CN105237186 A CN 105237186A CN 201510627991 A CN201510627991 A CN 201510627991A CN 105237186 A CN105237186 A CN 105237186A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention relates to a corn multifunctional soil-improving and nutrient-control-released fertilizer, which comprises a biocarbon soil improving material and a chemical fertilizer according to a weight ratio of (13%-17%):(83%-87%). The fertilizer is prepared by combining the biocarbon soil improving material and the chemical fertilizer together according to the weight ratio mentioned above, thus the nutrients in chemical fertilizer can be fully utilized, at the same time, the soil can be improved, and the nutrients can be control-released. Moreover, the fertilizer can prominently increase the content of organic carbon in soil, improve the soil property, and reduce the releasing speed of nutrients, thus the happening rate of farmland pollution is reduced, the nutrient utilization rate is improved, the crop output and the income of farmers are increased, and the effect on corns is the most prominent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, particularly relate to a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's corn essential species is implanted in the area such as hills, Plain.In the process of plantation, mainly select farm manure, chemical fertilizer as fertilizer.Mainly there is following defect in existing fertilizer:
1, the composition collocation of nutrient is unreasonable, and nutrient formula is unreasonable, causes corn growth nutrient imbalance, and nitrogenous fertilizer is manured into soil release rate soon, easily causes damage.
2, soil organic matter content reduces, and Soil structure destroys, and cause water infiltration speed to slow down, hillside fields easily produces runoff, causes agricultural non-point pollution.
3, maize straw amount is low, and especially for the Northeast, temperature is low, straw-returning difficulty.
4, under the form of global warming, the problem that taking into account while taking into account the problem of corn yield increases soil organic matter fixing needs the problem of solution badly.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof.Multifunctional soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer provided by the invention, significantly can increase the content of soil organic matter, improve soil property, slow down nutrient release rate, thus reduce the generation of farmland pollution, improve plant recovery of nutrient, realize increases in grain production andrural incomes.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
A kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer, comprise biological carbon soil improvement material and chemical fertilizer, the mass ratio of described biological carbon soil improvement material and chemical fertilizer is (13%-17%): (83%-87%).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: biological carbon soil improvement material and chemical fertilizer combine by Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer of the present invention according to a certain percentage, can either ensure that the nutrient of chemical fertilizer is fully utilized, the object of soil improvement and controlled release can be reached again, significantly can increase the content of soil organic matter, improve soil property, slow down nutrient release rate, thus reduce the generation of farmland pollution, improve plant recovery of nutrient, realize increases in grain production andrural incomes, especially remarkable to the effect of corn.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, described chemical fertilizer is the fertilizer containing N, P, K tri-kinds of elements, and the per-cent of the quality summation of described N, P, K tri-kinds of elements and the quality of chemical fertilizer is 44%-46%.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be:
In the process of current corn planting, content and the ratio of the fertilizer (especially N, P, K tri-kinds of elements) used are unreasonable, because the nutrient needed for corn is often subject to the impact of multiple uncontrollable factor such as environment, kind, best ratio cannot be obtained according to existing plantation rule.Contriver finds unexpectedly, when the per-cent of the quality summation of N, P, K tri-kinds of elements and the quality of chemical fertilizer is 44%-46%, can well meets the consumption needed for corn growth, reach the object significantly improving corn yield.
Further, described chemical fertilizer comprises the component of following weight part: 20-26 part N, 13-17 part P
2o
5, 8-11 part K
2the mixture of O, 1 portion of zinc sulfate, 0.2-0.3 part urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor.
Foregoing description adopts the conventional term in this area to state.Described " 20-26 part N " refers to " weight part of the nitrogen element in nitrogenous fertilizer is 20-26 part "; Described " 13-17 part P
2o
5" refer to weight and the 13-17 weight part P of the phosphoric in phosphate fertilizer
2o
5the weight of middle phosphoric is consistent, and being not intended to limit phosphate fertilizer can only be P
2o
5; Described " 8-11 part K
2o " refers to weight and the 8-11 weight part K of the potassium element in potash fertilizer
2in O, the weight of potassium element is consistent, and being not intended to limit potash fertilizer can only be K
2o.Preferably, in actual application, the preferred urea of described nitrogenous fertilizer, (i.e. Secondary ammonium phosphate, molecular formula is (NH to diammonium phosphate
4)
2hPO
4) both can also can as phosphate fertilizer as nitrogenous fertilizer, described potash fertilizer preferably sulfuric acid potassium.
The preferred thiophosphoric acid triamide of described urease inhibitor, the preferred Dyhard RU 100 of described nitrification inhibitor.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be: chemical fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable, adapt to the soil of fertility in various degree, the amount of nutrients required for corn time of infertility can be met, take full advantage of soil nurtient supply quantity, significantly improve utilization rate of fertilizer, meet the practical situation of agriculture production.
Urease inhibitor by suppressing the activity of soil urease within for some time, thus can slow down nitrogenous fertilizer (such as urea) hydrolysis, reduces the volatilization of ammonium nitrogen and nitrated; And nitrification inhibitor can control the activity of nitrifier, make the conversion rate of nitrogenous fertilizer in soil adjusted, reduce the loss of nitrogen, improve the service efficiency of fertilizer.The two and other raw materials are filled a prescription mutually, thus can significantly improve the beneficial effect of fertilizer.
Further, in the mixture of described urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, the mass ratio of urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor is 3: 2.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: to utilize aforementioned proportion can reach the best effect of slowly-releasing, and farthest improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer.
Further, described biological carbon soil improvement material comprises biomass charcoal, absorption cakingagent and high molecular polymer, and the mass ratio of described biomass charcoal, absorption cakingagent and high molecular polymer is (9-12): (4-7): (0.3-0.5).
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be: biomass charcoal carbonizes generation by utilizing farmland corn stalk under 400-800 DEG C of anoxia condition, thus solve straw-returning difficulty, the vesicular structure of biomass charcoal can adsorb Nutrients simultaneously increases soil nutrient moisture storage capacity, realizes improvement Soil structure and the solid carbon of soil.Absorption cakingagent makes various component form one by cohering function on the one hand; On the other hand there is adsorptivity and fillibility, especially N, P, K etc. are had to the effect of absorption, separation, two-ways regulation; The content of absorption cakingagent can not be too high or too low, if too high levels, affect N, P, K content, if content each component too low presents with the state of separation, causing can not good fertilizer conservation Water-saving effect.High molecular polymer realizes cohering the functions such as granulation to mixed fertilizer.The realization of soil improvement and control-release function is ensure that by above-mentioned three kinds of materials and rational ratio thereof.
Further, described absorption cakingagent is selected from one or both the mixing in attapulgite, wilkinite.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be: to adopt one or both mixing in attapulgite, wilkinite as absorption cakingagent, significantly improve its bond performance on the one hand; Its adsorptivity and fillibility also reach optimum regime on the other hand, not only increase intergranular contact surface, shorten intermolecular distance, strengthen intermolecular bonding force, and there is ion exchangeable and porousness, N, P, K etc. are had to the effect of absorption, separation, two-ways regulation.
Further, described high molecular polymer is polyacrylamide high molecular polymer.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: polyacrylamide high molecular polymer chosen by described high molecular polymer, can better realize cohering the functions such as granulation to mixed fertilizer.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer, take above-mentioned biological carbon soil improvement material and chemical fertilizer, proportionally mix, carry out granulation, drying, cooling, screening obtain Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the preparation method of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer of the present invention, simple to operate, cost is low, do not need complicated production unit, the Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer prepared by aforesaid method can significantly increase soil organic matter content, improve soil property, slow down nutrient release rate, thus reduce the generation of farmland pollution, improve plant recovery of nutrient, realize increases in grain production andrural incomes.
Further, specifically comprise the following steps: take the above-mentioned biological carbon soil improvement material except high molecular polymer and chemical fertilizer, proportionally mix, obtain mixture, in mixture, the aqueous solution of high molecular polymer is sprayed according to above-mentioned ratio, high molecular polymer in the aqueous solution of described high molecular polymer and the mass ratio of water are 1: (300-500), carry out granulation, obtain fertiliser granulates, drying, cooling, screening obtain Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by this mode of the spray high molecular polymer aqueous solution, what high molecular polymer can be made to mix with various raw material is more even, is conducive to cohering granulation.
Further, described high molecular polymer is polyacrylamide high molecular polymer.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: polyacrylamide high molecular polymer chosen by described high molecular polymer, can better realize cohering the functions such as granulation to mixed fertilizer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, cakingagent is adsorbed, 2, biomass charcoal, 3, high molecular polymer.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1, material is prepared according to following kind and consumption:
Take urea 31.6kg, diammonium phosphate 30.4kg, potassium sulfate 20kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, thiophosphoric acid triamide 0.12kg, Dyhard RU 100 0.08kg, biomass charcoal 10kg, attapulgite 6.5kg, polyacrylamide high molecular polymer 0.3kg.
2, step 1 takes urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, thiophosphoric acid triamide, Dyhard RU 100, biomass charcoal, attapulgite mix according to aforementioned proportion, obtain mixture;
3, mixture step 2 obtained is sent in granulating disc; granulation is carried out with the speed of the 1 liter/min spray polyacrylamide high molecular polymer aqueous solution; in the polyacrylamide high molecular polymer aqueous solution; the mass ratio of polyacrylamide high molecular polymer and water is 1: 300; the granulated fertilizer obtained 70 DEG C of dryings 30 minutes, natural ventilation cool 1 little up to room temperature, got 6 mesh sieves but not by the fertiliser granulates of 14 mesh sieves, be Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
1, material is prepared according to following kind and consumption:
Take urea 42kg, diammonium phosphate 25kg, potassium sulfate 16kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, thiophosphoric acid triamide 0.18kg, Dyhard RU 100 0.12kg, biomass charcoal 12kg, wilkinite 3.2kg, polyacrylamide high molecular polymer 0.5kg.
2, step 1 takes urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, thiophosphoric acid triamide, Dyhard RU 100, biomass charcoal, wilkinite mix according to aforementioned proportion, obtain mixture;
3, mixture step 2 obtained is sent in granulating disc; granulation is carried out with the speed of the 5 liters/min spray polyacrylamide high molecular polymer aqueous solution; high molecular polymer in the aqueous solution of described high molecular polymer and the mass ratio of water are 1: 500; the granulated fertilizer obtained 70 DEG C of dryings 30 minutes, natural ventilation cool 2 little up to room temperature, got 6 mesh sieves but not by the fertiliser granulates of 14 mesh sieves, be Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
1, material is prepared according to following kind and consumption:
Take urea 39kg, diammonium phosphate 28kg, potassium sulfate 18kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, thiophosphoric acid triamide 0.18kg, Dyhard RU 100 0.12kg, biomass charcoal 9kg, attapulgite and bentonitic mixture 4.3kg (wherein attapulgite and bentonitic mass ratio are 3: 5), polyacrylamide high molecular polymer 0.4kg.
2, step 1 takes urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, thiophosphoric acid triamide, Dyhard RU 100, biomass charcoal, attapulgite and bentonitic mixture mix according to aforementioned proportion, obtain mixture;
3, mixture step 2 obtained is sent in granulating disc; granulation is carried out with the speed of the 3 liters/min spray polyacrylamide high molecular polymer aqueous solution; high molecular polymer in the aqueous solution of described high molecular polymer and the mass ratio of water are 1: 400; the granulated fertilizer obtained 70 DEG C of dryings 30 minutes, natural ventilation cool 1.5 little up to room temperature, got 6 mesh sieves but not by the fertiliser granulates of 14 mesh sieves, be Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
Attapulgite in embodiment 3 and bentonitic mass ratio are adjusted to 5: 7, and other steps are with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5
Attapulgite in embodiment 3 and bentonitic mass ratio are adjusted to 2: 3, and other steps are with embodiment 3.
The structural representation of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-5 as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is conveniently technical scheme of the present invention and the sketch provided, only do signal, not represent real structure iron, absorption cakingagent 1, biomass charcoal 2 are evenly distributed in the crosslinked structure of high molecular polymer 3, and forming an entirety, absorption cakingagent 1 inside and surface adsorption have chemical fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer does not draw in the drawings.
Using of fertilizer
This area's corn is generally being sowed at the beginning of-5 months by the end of April, and September gathers in the crops.Whole in conjunction with spring, before corn seeding, once whole fertilizer is applied earthing after furrow, rate of fertilizer application is 600-800kg/ hectare, and fertilization depth is generally 10-15cm, no longer topdress in whole breeding time.The fertilizer application frequency of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer of the present invention is 1 time, the fertilizer application frequency of traditional fertilizer is generally 2-3 time, and (traditional fertilizer of use is Common compound fertilizer, purchased from Shikefeng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), result shows, use fertilizer of the present invention and significantly can reduce the number of times that topdresses, reduce manpower and machinery input.
Fertilizer efficiency and environmental benefit
In Fangzheng County, Harbin, the field test Term Fertilization of 2 years combines the ridging or ditch and disposablely apply in seed furrow of plowing, and is executed in the topsoil of 10-15 centimetre fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-5 respectively.Result shows, compared with applying fertilizer with peasant household, when equal rate of fertilizer application, per hectare on average increases production 300-600kg corn, and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 5-10%, proves the output that can significantly improve corn, simultaneously soil mu carbon capacity 10-20kg.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, comprise biological carbon soil improvement material and chemical fertilizer, the mass ratio of described biological carbon soil improvement material and chemical fertilizer is (13%-17%): (83%-87%).
2. a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described chemical fertilizer is the fertilizer containing N, P, K tri-kinds of elements, and the per-cent of the quality summation of described N, P, K tri-kinds of elements and the quality of chemical fertilizer is 44%-46%.
3. a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described chemical fertilizer comprises the component of following weight part: 20-26 part N, 13-17 part P
2o
5, 8-11 part K
2the mixture of O, 1 portion of zinc sulfate, 0.2-0.3 part urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor.
4. a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in the mixture of described urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, the mass ratio of urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor is 3: 2.
5. a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that, described biological carbon soil improvement material comprises biomass charcoal, absorption cakingagent and high molecular polymer, and the mass ratio of described biomass charcoal, absorption cakingagent and high molecular polymer is (9-12): (4-7): (0.3-0.5).
6. a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described absorption cakingagent is selected from one or both the mixing in attapulgite, wilkinite.
7. a kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described high molecular polymer is polyacrylamide high molecular polymer.
8. the preparation method of a Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: take biological carbon soil improvement material and chemical fertilizer described in claim 1, proportionally mix, carry out granulation, drying, cooling, screening obtain Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer.
9. the preparation method of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: take biological carbon soil improvement material except high molecular polymer according to claim 5 and chemical fertilizer, proportionally mix, obtain mixture, according to the aqueous solution of ratio according to claim 5 to mixture spray high molecular polymer, high molecular polymer in the aqueous solution of described high molecular polymer and the mass ratio of water are 1: (300-500), carry out granulation, obtain fertiliser granulates, dry, cooling, screening obtains Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer.
10. the preparation method of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described high molecular polymer is polyacrylamide high molecular polymer.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510627991.0A CN105237186B (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | A kind of Multifunctional corn soil improvement nutrient release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105237186A true CN105237186A (en) | 2016-01-13 |
| CN105237186B CN105237186B (en) | 2018-08-31 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107628916A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-01-26 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of charcoal fertilizer and preparation method and application |
| CN109776162A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-05-21 | 丹阳市珥陵镇小潘园土地股份专业合作社 | A kind of anti-burning type slow release fertilizer special for corn |
| CN113264795A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-17 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Controlled release fertilizer for corn and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113264795A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-17 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Controlled release fertilizer for corn and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105237186B (en) | 2018-08-31 |
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