CN109134055A - A kind of compound fertilizer and its preparation process comprising humic acid - Google Patents
A kind of compound fertilizer and its preparation process comprising humic acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109134055A CN109134055A CN201710463812.3A CN201710463812A CN109134055A CN 109134055 A CN109134055 A CN 109134055A CN 201710463812 A CN201710463812 A CN 201710463812A CN 109134055 A CN109134055 A CN 109134055A
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- compound fertilizer
- humic acid
- biological agent
- envelope vector
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, disclose a kind of compound fertilizer comprising humic acid comprising the following raw material: envelope vector, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, humic acid, water, biological agent.Compound fertilizer fertilizer efficiency of the present invention is lasting, preparation process simple possible, is suitble to large-scale production, good market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of compound fertilizer and its preparation process comprising humic acid.
Background technique
China's fertilizer field faces biggish bottleneck, and people in order to improve grain yield, largely come into operation by many farmlands
But chemical fertilizer is had ignored while inorganic fertilizer propose production to the quality of agricultural product, soil hardening, underground water and ecological environment
Adverse effect destroys original soil ecology balance so that the organic matter in soil sharply declines, soil hardening, water and soil pollution,
Environmental degradation, disruption of ecological balance, agriculture production cost increases and agricultural product quality decline contradiction becomes increasingly conspicuous, to volume increase occur
The vicious circle with environmental pollution is not increased income.It is reported that the utilization rate of China's nitrogenous fertilizer is 30% to 50%, phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is about
10-15%, potassium utilization rate are about 30-60%, superfluous fertilizer in the soil by volatilize, drench etc. modes enter water body and
Atmosphere.How to effectively utilize npk fertilizer, its fertilizer efficiency of volatilizing to greatest extent and reduce its usage amount be the prior art urgently
Problem to be solved.
Humic acid is the larger molecular organics matter being widely present in nature, be widely used in Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry, petroleum, chemical industry,
The every field such as building materials, medical and health, environmental protection, across tens industries.There are many purposes for humic acid and its product.In agricultural side
Face, the manufactured humic acid fertilizer in conjunction with the elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, have fertilizer synergistic, improvement soil, stimulation plant growth,
Improve the functions such as agricultural product quality.The application to humic acid in fertilizer has started upsurge in recent years.
In order to overcome the problems, such as that fertilizer wastes, the country is successively proposed a variety of slow, controlled release fertilizer products, and release and release control fertilizer becomes future
The developing direction of agricultural fertilizer, coated fertilizer are also known as coated fertilizer, film fertilizer, it is using high molecular material in fertilizer surface
Thin film is formed, it is consistent with the growth demand of crop to make fertilizer dissolution rate, fertilizer is saved to reach, improves fertilizer benefit
With rate and increase the purpose of agricultural performance, but this material is more difficult to degrade in the soil, and coating membrane is released in fertilizer nutrient
It is remained in soil after discharging entirely；Although coated fertilizer also can be decomposed, material is more difficult to get, higher cost, and
Fertilizer rate of release is difficult to accomplish orderly steady.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of compound fertilizers comprising humic acid.The compound is fat
Effect persistently, orderly stablize, and envelope vector can be completely degraded, environment friendly and pollution-free by rate of release.
The present invention also provides the preparation processes of above-mentioned compound fertilizer.
The present invention is using technical solution as described below:
A kind of compound fertilizer comprising humic acid comprising the following raw material: envelope vector, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, rotten plant
Acid, water, biological agent.
Further, the envelope vector is prepared as follows and obtains:
Poly butylene succinate is added in chloroform, the ratio of poly butylene succinate and chloroform is 1g:10ml, stirring
To dissolution, then addition accounts for the starch ether of 1/10th parts by weight of poly butylene succinate, and 200rpm stirs 10min, then
The ethyl alcohol of addition and chloroform same volume stands 30min, collects precipitating, is put into freeze drier, and dry 12 h to obtain the final product.
Further, the biological agent is prepared as follows and obtains: will stick series bacillus, Trichoderma harzianum more
It is 1 × 10 that bacterium, bacillus megaterium and azotobacter chroococcum, which are cultivated respectively to concentration,9The bacterium solution of cfu/ml, then according to 5-7:
3-5:3-5:2-3 volume ratio mixing to get.
Further, the preparation process of the compound fertilizer includes the following steps:
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, humic acid and water are added to stirring according to the mass ratio of 2:2:3:1:10 by step 1)
In tank, 300rpm stirs 30min and is heated to 60 DEG C subsequently into reactor tank with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, insulation reaction
15min is then cooled to room temperature, then stands 6h, obtains liquid fertilizer；
Step 2 puts into envelope vector and liquid fertilizer in reactor according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3, is warming up to 50 DEG C, protects
Under the conditions of temperature, KOH is added into reactor under 200rpm mixing speed, the pH for adjusting solution is 6.5, and mixing time control exists
20min；It is centrifuged 3min with centrifuge again, revolving speed 2000rpm goes upper liquid, isolates fertilizer microballoon；
Biological agent is sprayed on fertilizer microballoon by step 3), and 200rpm stirs 10min, 3h is then allowed to stand, finally at 20-30 DEG C
Temperature drying to moisture content is 2wt%, is packed to obtain the final product.
Preferably, in the step 3), the mass ratio of the biological agent and fertilizer microballoon is 1-2:3-5.
It infuses, the strain used in above-mentioned steps is the conventional bacterial classification of this field, and those skilled in the art can be according to it often
Rule cultural method obtains its bacterium solution.Strain of the present invention can be commercially available from commercial sources such as CGMCC, ATCC.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains mainly includes but is not limited to the following aspects:
The present invention is added to proper amount of humic acid, and nutrient is complexed in a manner of physics and chemical bonding, delays nutrients release speed,
It realizes that fertilizer efficiency speed is slow to have both, the soil particle cementation of dispersion is formed together crumb structure, polymerization absorption, which can be absorbed by crops, to be utilized
Nutrient, polymerization flocculate can solve the precipitating of nutrient, volatilization transpiration, leaching loss, loss, improve soil fertilizer, water holding capacity, lock
Nutrient control is lost；
The specific surface area of envelope vector of the present invention can reach 100 m2/ g or more, particle diameter distribution is between 20-200 μm, porosity
It is 80% or more；
It is primary raw material that poly butylene succinate has been used in envelope vector of the present invention, odorless tasteless, low in cost, easily quilt
The microbial degradation of nature, starch ether and polybutylene succinate polyblend act as fertilizer carrier, can also be by bacterial strain
Degradation, provides carbon source for bacterial strain, while releasing fertilizer；
Envelope vector early period of the present invention will not be degraded, avoid discharge most of slow-release fertilizer early period it is too fast be largely lost lack
It falls into, with the attachment and breeding of flora, for envelope vector by Partial digestion, final envelope vector is degradable by flora, entire mistake
Orderly, rate is steady for the release of journey fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer and the stability of fertilizer quality, by the release for controlling nutrient
Rate and so that itself and crop nutrition content is absorbed basic synchronization；
Composite bacteria liquid of the present invention not only has the function of degraded enveloped material, can also by with plant symbiosis Relationship With Proliferation, shape
At a complexity, stable microecosystem, holding water and fixing nitrogen can also prevent and treat pest and disease damage so that fertilizer efficiency is persistently comprehensive；
Compound fertilizer preparation process simple possible of the present invention is suitble to large-scale production, good market prospect, while avoiding and largely make
Environmental pollution and soil block caused by compound fertilizer, it is environment friendly and pollution-free.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the application, specifically real below in conjunction with the application
Example is applied, the present invention is more clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only that the application a part is real
Example is applied, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
Property labour under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of compound fertilizer comprising humic acid comprising the following raw material: envelope vector, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, rotten plant
Acid, water, biological agent.
Specifically, the envelope vector is prepared as follows and obtains:
Poly butylene succinate is added in chloroform, the ratio of poly butylene succinate and chloroform is 1g:10ml, stirring
To dissolution, then addition accounts for the starch ether of 1/10th parts by weight of poly butylene succinate, and 200rpm stirs 10min, then
The ethyl alcohol of addition and chloroform same volume stands 30min, collects precipitating, is put into freeze drier, and dry 12 h to obtain the final product.
The biological agent is prepared as follows and obtains:
To stick more series bacillus, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium and azotobacter chroococcum cultivate respectively to concentration be 1 ×
109The bacterium solution of cfu/ml, then according to 7:5:5:3 volume ratio mixing to get；More glutinous series bacillus are ATCC
842；The trichoderma harzianum is CGMCC NO.4963 (referring to CN102505010A)；The bacillus megaterium is ATCC
15450；The azotobacter chroococcum is ATCC 4412.
The preparation process of the compound fertilizer includes the following steps:
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, humic acid and water are added in agitator tank according to the mass ratio of 2:2:3:1:10,
300rpm stirs 30min and is heated to 60 DEG C, insulation reaction 15min subsequently into reactor tank with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min,
It then cools to room temperature, then stands 6h, obtain liquid fertilizer；
Envelope vector and liquid fertilizer are put into reactor according to the mass ratio of 2:3, are warming up to 50 DEG C, under heat-retaining condition,
The KOH solution that concentration is 1M is added into reactor under 200rpm mixing speed, the pH for adjusting solution is 6.5, mixing time
Control is in 20min；It is centrifuged 3min with centrifuge again, revolving speed 2000rpm goes upper liquid, isolates fertilizer microballoon；
Biological agent is sprayed on fertilizer microballoon, 200rpm stirs 10min, is then allowed to stand 3h, finally dry in 20-30 DEG C of temperature
It is dry to moisture content be 2wt%, pack to obtain the final product；The mass ratio of the biological agent and fertilizer microballoon is 2:5.
Embodiment 2
A kind of compound fertilizer comprising humic acid comprising the following raw material: envelope vector, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, rotten plant
Acid, water, biological agent.
Specifically, the envelope vector is prepared as follows and obtains:
Poly butylene succinate is added in chloroform, the ratio of poly butylene succinate and chloroform is 1g:10ml, stirring
To dissolution, then addition accounts for the starch ether of 1/10th parts by weight of poly butylene succinate, and 200rpm stirs 10min, then
The ethyl alcohol of addition and chloroform same volume stands 30min, collects precipitating, is put into freeze drier, and dry 12 h to obtain the final product.
The biological agent is prepared as follows and obtains:
To stick more series bacillus, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium and azotobacter chroococcum cultivate respectively to concentration be 1 ×
109The bacterium solution of cfu/ml, then according to 5:3:3:2 volume ratio mixing to get；More glutinous series bacillus are ATCC
842；The trichoderma harzianum is CGMCC NO.4963；The bacillus megaterium is ATCC 15450；The azotobacter chroococcum
For ATCC 4412.
The preparation process of the compound fertilizer includes the following steps:
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, humic acid and water are added in agitator tank according to the mass ratio of 2:2:3:1:10,
300rpm stirs 30min and is heated to 60 DEG C, insulation reaction 15min subsequently into reactor tank with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min,
It then cools to room temperature, then stands 6h, obtain liquid fertilizer；
Envelope vector and liquid fertilizer are put into reactor according to the mass ratio of 1:2, are warming up to 50 DEG C, under heat-retaining condition,
The KOH solution that concentration is 1M is added into reactor under 200rpm mixing speed, the pH for adjusting solution is 6.5, mixing time
Control is in 20min；It is centrifuged 3min with centrifuge again, revolving speed 2000rpm goes upper liquid, isolates fertilizer microballoon；
Biological agent is sprayed on fertilizer microballoon, 200rpm stirs 10min, is then allowed to stand 3h, finally dry in 20-30 DEG C of temperature
It is dry to moisture content be 2wt%, pack to obtain the final product；The mass ratio of the biological agent and fertilizer microballoon is 1:3.
Reference examples 1
The preparation of envelope vector: chitosan solid is put into blender, and the acetum that mass fraction is 5% is added, and is made
The chitosan-acetic acid solution that mass fraction is 8%, as envelope vector；Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
1, urea release time tests:
Test group is embodiment 1；Control group: the envelope vector prepared using comparative example 1, remaining is the same as embodiment 1.Test soil choosing
The normal soil that water content is 30% is selected, fertilizer depth is 15cm.Concrete outcome is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
| Release rate % | 1d | 2d | 4d | 8d | 16d | 32d |
| Test group | 18.4 | 28.1 | 39.4 | 50.7 | 73.3 | 96.5 |
| Control group | 29.7 | 46.5 | 63.8 | 87.6 | 100 | 100 |
As shown in table 1, control group urea rate of release is very fast, and all release finishes within 16d, and the urea of test group release speed
Rate smooth sequential absorbs basic synchronization with crop nutrition content, avoids and discharge too fast be largely lost most of slow-release fertilizer early period
Defect, effect are substantially better than chitosan coated carrier.
2, envelope vector degradation time is tested:
Test group is embodiment 1；Control group 1: not adding composite bacteria liquid, remaining is the same as embodiment 1.Specifically it is shown in Table 2
Table 2
| Degradation rate % | 1d | 2d | 4d | 8d | 16d | 32d |
| Test group | 3.1 | 7.6 | 14.9 | 28.4 | 39.8 | 90.1 |
| Control group | 2.2 | 4.3 | 7.4 | 13.7 | 18.5 | 26.6 |
As shown in table 2, test group and the degradation rate gap of control group envelope vector early period are little, it may be possible to since bacterial strain not yet reaches
It adsorbs and is proliferated to advantage, after 4 days, the degradation rate gap of control group and test group is gradually increased；Control group envelope vector 32
For it degradation rate less than 30%, degradation rate is lower, and 32 days degradation rates of test group coated fertilizer reach 90%, have realized substantially
Degradable.
Embodiment 4
The manure trial of compound fertilizer of the present invention:
Crops selection sorghum is tested:
Control group uses nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (15 phosphorus of nitrogen, 15 potassium 15), the compound fertilizer that experimental group uses the embodiment of the present invention 1 to prepare,
The soil property in experimental plot is identical with planting conditions, and area is 10 mu；Dose is 60kg/ mus；Specific test result is shown in
Table 3:
Table 3
Note: control group compound fertilizer calculates according to 2.5 yuan/kg, and compound fertilizer of the present invention is calculated according to 2.8 yuan/kg, and sorghum is according to 3.0
Member/kg.
Conclusion: the yield of crops can be improved in compound fertilizer of the present invention, brings preferable economic benefit to peasant, improves
Enthusiasm.
Although above having made detailed explanation to this case with generality explanation and specific embodiment, in the present invention
On the basis of, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, not
It modifies or improves, falls within the scope of the claimed invention made by the basis of deviation spirit of that invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of compound fertilizer comprising humic acid comprising the following raw material: envelope vector, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, corruption
Phytic acid, water, biological agent.
2. compound fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the envelope vector is prepared as follows and obtains:
Poly butylene succinate is added in chloroform, the ratio of poly butylene succinate and chloroform is 1g:10ml, stirring
To dissolution, then addition accounts for the starch ether of 1/10th parts by weight of poly butylene succinate, and 200rpm stirs 10min, then
The ethyl alcohol of addition and chloroform same volume stands 30min, collects precipitating, is put into freeze drier, and dry 12 h to obtain the final product.
3. compound fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biological agent is prepared as follows and obtains:
To stick more series bacillus, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium and azotobacter chroococcum cultivate respectively to concentration be 1 ×
109The bacterium solution of cfu/ml, then according to 5-7:3-5:3-5:2-3 volume ratio mixing to get.
4. according to claim 1-3 be allowed to one described in compound fertilizer, which is characterized in that the preparation process of the compound fertilizer include such as
Lower step:
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, humic acid and water are added to stirring according to the mass ratio of 2:2:3:1:10 by step 1)
In tank, 300rpm stirs 30min and is heated to 60 DEG C subsequently into reactor tank with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, insulation reaction
15min is then cooled to room temperature, then stands 6h, obtains liquid fertilizer；
Step 2 puts into envelope vector and liquid fertilizer in reactor according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3, is warming up to 50 DEG C, protects
Under the conditions of temperature, KOH is added into reactor under 200rpm mixing speed, the pH for adjusting solution is 6.5, and mixing time control exists
20min；It is centrifuged 3min with centrifuge again, revolving speed 2000rpm goes upper liquid, isolates fertilizer microballoon；
Biological agent is sprayed on fertilizer microballoon by step 3), and 200rpm stirs 10min, 3h is then allowed to stand, finally at 20-30 DEG C
Temperature drying to moisture content is 2wt%, is packed to obtain the final product.
5. compound fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step 3), the biological agent and fertilizer are micro-
The mass ratio of ball is 1-2:3-5.
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| CN201710463812.3A CN109134055A (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | A kind of compound fertilizer and its preparation process comprising humic acid |
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| CN201710463812.3A CN109134055A (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | A kind of compound fertilizer and its preparation process comprising humic acid |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109422588A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-05 | 卢松 | A kind of slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof comprising humic acid |
| CN109456098A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-12 | 卢松 | A kind of preparation process of coat fertilizer |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0125468A2 (en) * | 1983-04-13 | 1984-11-21 | Crop Genetics International Corporation | Agricultural-chemical-producing endosymbiotic bacteria and method of preparing and using same |
| CN103497050A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-08 | 天津科技大学 | Method for preparing salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing seed coating |
| CN103964931A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-06 | 临沂禾之源肥业有限公司 | Novel fertilizer and production process thereof |
| CN104291935A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-21 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Application of polymer microspheres in controlled-release fertilizer |
-
2017
- 2017-06-19 CN CN201710463812.3A patent/CN109134055A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0125468A2 (en) * | 1983-04-13 | 1984-11-21 | Crop Genetics International Corporation | Agricultural-chemical-producing endosymbiotic bacteria and method of preparing and using same |
| CN103497050A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-08 | 天津科技大学 | Method for preparing salt tolerant phosphate solubilizing seed coating |
| CN103964931A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-06 | 临沂禾之源肥业有限公司 | Novel fertilizer and production process thereof |
| CN104291935A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-21 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Application of polymer microspheres in controlled-release fertilizer |
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| Title |
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| 张世平等: "聚丁二酸丁二醇酯", 《高分子通报》 * |
| 朱洪法主编: "《环境保护辞典》", 30 June 2009, 北京：金盾出版社 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109422588A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-05 | 卢松 | A kind of slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof comprising humic acid |
| CN109456098A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-12 | 卢松 | A kind of preparation process of coat fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |