CN109122437B - Method for relay cultivation of oysters in low-tide areas of surface water and intertidal zones of pond - Google Patents
Method for relay cultivation of oysters in low-tide areas of surface water and intertidal zones of pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122437B CN109122437B CN201810970302.XA CN201810970302A CN109122437B CN 109122437 B CN109122437 B CN 109122437B CN 201810970302 A CN201810970302 A CN 201810970302A CN 109122437 B CN109122437 B CN 109122437B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a method for relay cultivation of oysters in a low-tide area of a surface water zone and an intertidal zone of a pond. The technical scheme is as follows: the structure mainly comprises an oyster pond culture device and an oyster intertidal zone low-tide region culture device. Six steps of cultivation: piling and drilling; secondly, seedling releasing; thirdly, fixing the hard attaching base (5); fourthly, water injection and freeze prevention are carried out; fifthly, relay cultivation in a low-tide area of an intertidal zone; and sixthly, harvesting. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the oyster cultivation method is convenient to operate, the oyster pond cultivation and the oyster offshore cultivation are combined, the cross-boundary relay cultivation is realized, the respective cultivation advantages of the pond (7) and the sea are fully exerted, the healthy and fast growth of oysters is ensured, the risk of oyster offshore cultivation is reduced, meanwhile, the oyster cultivation method enables the unused pond in winter to be utilized, and the economic benefit of the pond is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oyster cultivation, in particular to a method for relay cultivation of oysters in a low-tide area of a surface water zone and an intertidal zone of a pond.
Background
General pond culture oyster, with lifting rope or breed cage, hang the oyster on the lifting rope or put and breed in breeding the cage, the oyster grows through straining plankton and organic piece in the edible water, except that the pond water that lies prostrate in summer can appear high temperature, the excrement that the ordinary growth of oyster produced also can not in time scatter, reasons such as the biological supply of bait is not enough, leads to pond culture oyster to grow slowly, therefore pond culture oyster is hardly develoied. The oyster cultivation is carried out in the low tide region of the intertidal zone in the whole process, the destructiveness of sea waves is increased due to the violent monsoon in winter and the long duration, and some coastal areas also generate running ice which seriously damage oyster cultivation facilities, so the risk of cultivating oysters in offshore winter is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for relay cultivation of oysters in pond surface water and intertidal zone low-tide areas by combining oyster pond cultivation and oyster intertidal zone low-tide area cultivation.
The invention principle is as follows: the pond surface water moves along with wind under the blowing of wind, the dissolved oxygen is high, the phytoplankton amount is large, the cultivated oyster seedlings are placed in the surface water for cultivation, excrement generated by the oyster seedlings is fully oxidized and quickly diffused along with water flow, meanwhile, plankton is fully supplied, and the oyster seedlings grow healthily and quickly in high-quality surface water environment. After the oysters are cultured in the overwintering pond, because pond bait organisms cannot meet the requirement of the continuously growing oysters, the low-tide area of the intertidal zone can provide high-quality water environment and rich bait for the growth of the oysters, the risk of mariculture becomes small, the oysters are moved to the mariculture, oyster seedlings live in seawater with rich bait all the time, and the impact of ocean current is reduced, so that the oysters are ensured to be always in the water environment suitable for growth, the trans-boundary cultivation of the oysters from the pond to the sea is completed, and the oysters are harvested and caught before being bred and come into the market.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the equipment structure mainly comprises an oyster pond culture device and an oyster intertidal zone low-tide region culture device.
The oyster pond breeding device mainly comprises a water inlet channel, a pond, a drainage channel and a hard adhesion base, wherein the left side of the pond is provided with the water inlet channel, the left dam is separated from the pond by the water inlet channel, the right dam is separated from the pond by the drainage channel, the right dam is provided with the drainage pipe, the front dam and the rear dam are fixedly provided with a plurality of groups of wooden piles, one end of a cable rope is fixedly bound with the wooden piles, the other end of the cable rope penetrates through a through hole at one end of the hard adhesion base (a thin rope is fixedly bound on the cable rope through the through hole, one end of the thin rope is fixedly bound with a falling stone, the cable rope penetrates through a plurality of hard adhesion bases, the other end of the cable rope is fixedly connected with the wooden piles corresponding to the pond dam, the other cable rope is fixed on the same plane, two cables penetrate through the through holes at two ends of the hard adhesion base, and the two ends of the cable rope are fixedly connected with, binding the scallop shells or shell fragments on the hard attaching base by the rubber bands, and prefabricating through holes near two ends of the hard attaching base;
the structure of the oyster intertidal zone low-tide area cultivation device mainly comprises a support rod, an insertion pipe, a hard attachment base and an insertion pile, wherein a groove is prefabricated at the upper end of the support rod, an internal thread is arranged in the groove and is beneficial to connecting a long rod through a screw thread, the long rod is erected around a cultivation area to serve as a mark and prevent a fishing boat from being damaged by collision, the insertion pipes which are vertical to each other are prefabricated on the support rod, the insertion pipes are parallel to the water surface in multiple layers, a through insertion hole is formed near a port of each insertion pipe, the hard attachment base is inserted into the insertion hole through a bolt, the hard attachment base is fixedly connected with the insertion pipes, the bolt is bent by a clamp after being pulled out, a through fixing hole is formed near the lower end of the support rod, a sleeve is prefabricated on the inner layer at the lower end of the support rod, the sleeve is inserted into the upper part of the insertion pile from the port, the support rods are firmly connected with the inserted piles, the inserted piles are inserted into the seabed in a deep insertion mode, the position and the range of the inserted piles are set, the seawater is generally not higher than an average high tide line when the tide goes up, and the seawater is generally not lower than an average low tide line when the tide goes back.
The breeding method comprises six steps:
firstly, piling and drilling, after the soil turning and insolation at the bottom of a pond are finished, adding 80 cm of seawater, piling timber piles beside the water edge below a long dam of a pond dam, wherein the distance between the timber piles and the dam is 2-3 m, fixing two symmetrical timber piles of a front pond dam and a rear pond dam which are fixedly connected by penetrating a hard adhesion base between two cables into a group, wherein a plurality of groups of timber piles can be fixed in one pond, the length of the hard adhesion base is about 2 m, and two ends of the hard adhesion base are respectively drilled with a through hole at a position 10 cm away from a port;
secondly, putting seedlings, namely binding or sleeving the rubber bands on the hard attaching bases, wherein the distance between the rubber bands is about 20 cm, binding the scallop shells with the oyster seedlings on the hard attaching bases through the rubber bands, and binding the scallop shells on the hard attaching bases after the scallop shells are penetrated by fishing lines;
fixing hard attachment bases, respectively tying two thin ropes to two mooring ropes through holes at two ends of the hard attachment bases, wherein the hard attachment bases are 0.5 m apart, the two mooring ropes are about 2 m apart, straightening the two mooring ropes, and then respectively tying the two mooring ropes to two symmetrical timber piles at a front dam and a rear dam, the two mooring ropes penetrate into a plurality of hard attachment bases, the hard attachment bases are arranged in parallel in the surface water of the pond, and the hard attachment bases are not exposed to the air by fixing falling stones at one ends of the thin ropes and adding a small amount of the falling stones;
fourthly, injecting water and preventing freezing, namely injecting fresh seawater into the pond irregularly through a water inlet gate of a water inlet pipe, increasing plankton, and promoting the growth and the propagation of oyster bait organisms so as to ensure the healthy growth of the oysters, and stopping injecting water after adding water to about 1.3 m of water depth; when the temperature of the wintery is particularly low, the mooring rope can be lowered to sink the hard attaching base to the deep part of the pond, the survival temperature of the oysters is kept to be not higher than thirty-four ℃ and not lower than three ℃, and the oysters are prevented from being frostbitten;
fifthly, relay culture is carried out in a low tide area in an intertidal zone, piles are driven in the low tide area, the range from about 40 cm underground to about 50 cm above the ground, the sea water is generally not higher than the average high tide line when the tide goes up, the sea water is generally not lower than the average low tide line when the tide goes down, and sleeves are sleeved on the inserted piles; taking the oyster from the pond, thinning the oyster on the hard attachment base, removing excessive fixed oyster seedlings, inserting the hard attachment base on the insertion pipe, then penetrating the insertion hole of the insertion pipe with the bolt and fixing the insertion hole of the hard attachment base, bending the bolt head with a clamp to prevent the hard attachment base from falling off the insertion pipe, enabling the hard attachment base with the oyster to be parallel to the sea surface, and when the tide is relieved, the time that the oyster is exposed in the air does not exceed 1 hour, and erecting long rods around the culture area as marks to prevent the fishing boat from being damaged;
and sixthly, harvesting, namely taking the hard attaching base out of the cannula, and knocking the oysters which reach the commodity specification off a wooden stick to be sold on the market.
The oyster pond culture device is suitable for the early trimester of the first September to the next year, the oyster culture device in the intertidal zone low tide area is suitable for the early trimester to the early sixty month, the oyster growth temperature is between three and twenty eight degrees centigrade, and the oyster survival temperature is not higher than thirty-four degrees centigrade and not lower than three degrees centigrade.
The hard attachment base mainly comprises a wood bar, a bamboo rod, a hard plastic pipe and a PVC pipe, the support rod, the insertion pipe (17) and the sleeve pipe mainly comprise the hard plastic pipe and the plastic steel, and the support rod, the insertion pipe and the sleeve pipe are prefabricated at one time.
Three methods for fixing scallop shells on the hard attaching base: firstly, the rubber band binds the scallop shell or the shell fragment on the hard attaching base: secondly, adhering the scallop shells or the shell fragments on the hard attaching base by glue without beating water; thirdly, the scallop shell or the shell fragment is wound on the hard attaching base by a hemp rope.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the oyster cultivation method is convenient to operate, the oyster pond cultivation and the oyster offshore cultivation are combined, the cross-boundary relay cultivation is realized, the respective cultivation advantages of the pond and the sea are fully exerted, the healthy and fast growth of oysters is ensured, the risk of oyster cultivation on the sea is reduced, meanwhile, the oyster cultivation method enables the pond which is idle in winter to be utilized, and the economic benefit of the pond is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the oyster pond culture apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hard attachment structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cultivation device for oyster in the low tide area of intertidal zone of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the method for relay cultivation of oysters in surface water and intertidal zone low tide areas of a pond mainly comprises an inlet channel 1, an inlet pipe 2, a timber pile 3, a cable 4, a hard attachment base 5, a falling stone 6, a pond 7, a pond dam 8, a drain pipe 9, a drain channel 10, a perforation 11, a scallop shell 12, a rubber band 13, a groove 14, an insertion hole 15, an average high tide line 16, an insertion pipe 17, a support rod 18, an average low tide line 19, a fixing port 20, an insertion pin 21, a sleeve 22, a fixing rod 23, an insertion pile 24 and a pile hole 25. The equipment structure mainly comprises an oyster pond culture device and an oyster intertidal zone low-tide region culture device.
The oyster pond breeding device mainly comprises a water inlet channel 1, a pond 7, a drainage channel 10 and a hard adhesion base 5, wherein the left side of the pond 7 is provided with the water inlet channel 1, the water inlet channel 1 and the pond 7 are separated by a left pond dam 8, the left pond dam 8 is provided with a water inlet pipe 2, the water inlet pipe 2 is provided with a water inlet valve, the right side of the pond 7 is provided with the drainage channel 10, the drainage channel 10 and the pond 7 are separated by a right pond dam 8, the right pond dam 8 is provided with a drainage pipe 9, the drainage pipe 9 is provided with a drainage valve, a plurality of groups of wooden piles 3 are fixed on the front pond dam 8 and the rear pond dam 8, the wooden piles 3 are fixedly bound with one end of a cable 4, the other end of the cable 4 penetrates through a through hole 11 at one end of the hard adhesion base 5, a string is fixedly bound on the cable 4 through the through hole 11, one end of the string is fixedly bound with a falling stone 6, the cable 4, the other cable 4 is connected with the upper part, the two cables 4 penetrate through the through holes 11 at the two ends of the hard attachment base 5, and the two ends of the cable 4 are fixedly connected with the two symmetrical wooden piles 3 of the front and rear pool dams 8 to form a group (see figure 1); the rubber band 13 binds the scallop shell 12 or the shell fragment on the hard attaching base 5, and the through holes 11 (shown in figure 2) are prefabricated near the two ends of the hard attaching base 5.
The structure of the oyster intertidal zone low-tide area cultivation device mainly comprises a support rod 18, an insertion pipe 17, a hard attachment base 5 and an insertion pile 24, wherein the support rod 18, the insertion pipe 17 and a sleeve 22 mainly comprise hard plastic pipes and plastic steel, and the support rod 18, the insertion pipe 17 and the sleeve 22 are prefabricated at one time. The upper end of the supporting rod 18 is prefabricated with a groove 14, an internal thread is arranged in the groove 14, a screw thread is facilitated to connect a long rod, the long rod is erected around a culture area to serve as a mark, and a fishing boat is prevented from being damaged. The support bar 18 is prefabricated with the insertion tubes 17 which are vertical to each other, the insertion tubes 17 are provided with a plurality of layers which are parallel to each other, the insertion tubes 17 are parallel to the water surface, the insertion holes 15 which penetrate through are arranged near the ports of the insertion tubes 17, the ports of the insertion tubes 17 are inserted into the hard attachment bases 5, the hard attachment base 5 and the insertion pipe 17 are fixedly connected by inserting the inserted pin 21 into the insertion hole 15 and the through hole 11, the inserted pin 21 is bent by a pliers, a through fixing port 20 is arranged near the lower end of the support rod 18, a sleeve 22 is prefabricated in the inner layer of the lower end of the support rod 18, the sleeve 22 is inserted into the upper part of an inserted pile 24 from the port, a through pile hole 25 is prefabricated in the upper part of the inserted pile 24, the fixing rod 23 is inserted into the fixing port 20 and the pile hole 25, the nut at the outlet end of the fixing rod 23 is screwed, the supporting rod 18 and the inserting pile 24 are firmly connected, the inserting pile 24 is inserted into the seabed deeply, the position and the range of the inserting pile 24 are set, the seawater is generally not higher than the average high tide line 16 when the tide goes up, and the seawater is generally not lower than the average low tide line 19 when the tide goes down (see figure 3).
The breeding method comprises six steps:
firstly, piling and drilling, after the soil turning and insolation at the bottom of the pond are finished, adding 80 cm of seawater, piling timber piles 3 beside water below a long dam of a pond 7 and a dam 8 of the pond, wherein the distance between the timber piles 3 and the dam is 2-3 m, two mooring ropes 4 penetrate through a hard adhesion base 5 to fixedly connect two symmetrical timber piles 3 of a front pond dam and a rear pond dam 8 into a group, one pond 7 can fix a plurality of groups of timber piles 3, the hard adhesion base 5 is about 2 m long, and two through holes 11 are drilled at positions 10 cm away from a port at two ends of the hard adhesion base 5;
secondly, putting seedlings, namely binding or sleeving the rubber band 13 on the hard attaching base 5, wherein the distance between the rubber bands 13 is about 20 cm, binding the scallop shells 12 fixed with the oyster seedlings on the hard attaching base 5 through the rubber band 13, and binding the scallop shells 12 on the hard attaching base 5 after the scallop shells are penetrated through a fishing line; three methods of fixing the scallop shell 12 to the rigid substrate 5: first, the rubber band 13 binds the scallop shell 12 or shell fragments to the hard attachment base 5: secondly, adhering the scallop shell 12 or the shell fragments on the hard attaching base 5 by glue without beating water; thirdly, winding the scallop shell 12 or the shell fragments on the hard attaching base 5 by using hemp ropes;
fixing a hard attachment base 5, wherein the hard attachment base 5 mainly comprises a wood bar, a bamboo rod, a hard plastic pipe and a PVC pipe, two thin ropes are respectively tied on two mooring ropes 4 through holes 11 at two ends of the hard attachment base 5, the distance between the hard attachment bases 5 is 0.5 meter, the distance between the two mooring ropes 4 is about 2 meters, the two mooring ropes 4 are respectively tied on two symmetrical wood piles 3 at a front dam and a rear dam after being straightened, the two mooring ropes 4 penetrate into a plurality of hard attachment bases 5, the hard attachment bases 5 are arranged in parallel in surface water of a pond 7, falling stones 6 are fixed at one end of each thin rope, and a small amount of the falling stones 6 are added to prevent the hard attachment bases 5 from being exposed to the air;
fourthly, injecting water and preventing freezing, namely injecting fresh seawater into the pond 7 irregularly through a water inlet gate of the water inlet pipe 2 to increase plankton and promote the growth and the propagation of oyster bait organisms, so that the healthy growth of the oysters is ensured, and stopping injecting water after adding water to about 1.3 m of water depth; when the temperature in wintery is particularly low, the cable 4 can be lowered, the hard attaching base 5 is sunk to the deep part of the pond 7, the growth temperature of the oysters is kept between five ℃ and twenty-eight ℃, and the oysters are prevented from being frozen;
fifthly, relay culture is carried out in a low tide area in an intertidal zone, piles are driven in the low tide area, the sea water is generally not higher than the average high tide line 16 when the tide is up and is generally not lower than the average low tide line 19 when the tide is down, and sleeves 22 are sleeved on the insertion piles 24; after the hard attachment base 5 is taken down from the pond 7, thinning the oysters on the hard attachment base 5, removing excessive fixed oyster seedlings, inserting the hard attachment base 5 on the insertion pipe 17, then fixing the hard attachment base 5 by the insertion of the insertion pipe 21 through the insertion hole 15 of the insertion pipe 17 and the perforation 11 of the hard attachment base, bending the plug 21 out of the plug with a pliers to prevent the hard attachment base 5 from falling off from the insertion pipe 17, enabling the hard attachment base 5 with the oysters to be parallel to the sea surface, and when the climax is removed, ensuring that the time of exposing the oysters in the air does not exceed 1 hour, and erecting long rods around a culture area as marks to prevent a fishing boat from being damaged;
and a sixth step of harvesting, namely removing the hard attaching base (5) from the inserting pipe 17, and knocking the oysters which reach the commodity specification off a wooden stick to be sold on the market.
The oyster pond culture device is suitable for the early trimester of the first September to the next year, the oyster culture device in the intertidal zone low tide area is suitable for the early trimester to the early sixty month, the oyster growth temperature is between three and twenty eight degrees centigrade, and the oyster survival temperature is not higher than thirty-four degrees centigrade and not lower than three degrees centigrade.
Operation process
The breeding method comprises six steps:
the oyster pond culture device is suitable for the first step to the fourth step from the beginning of September to the beginning of the next year in the third month. The device is suitable for breeding oysters in low tide areas in intertidal zones of the oysters during relay culture on the sea from early March to early June.
And (5) piling and drilling in the first step. After the pond bottom is turned over and exposed to the sun, 80 cm of seawater is added, timber piles 3 are driven beside water below 8 long dams of pond 7 and dam, the distance between the two timber piles 3 and the dam is 2-3 m, two symmetrical timber piles 3 of the pond dam 8 are fixedly connected by penetrating through a hard adhesion base 5 between two mooring ropes 4 and form a group, a pond 7 can fix a plurality of groups of timber piles 3, the hard adhesion base 5 is about 2 m long, and two through holes 11 are drilled at positions 10 cm away from a port at two ends of the hard adhesion base 5.
And step two, seedling releasing. The scallop shell 12 fixed with oyster fries is fixed on the hard attachment base 5, the scallop shell with the oyster fries is tied on the hard attachment base 5 by using a rubber band 13 or a string, the oysters can secrete mucus to be fixed on the hard attachment base 5 along with the growth of the oysters, the hard attachment base 5 replaces a culture cage and a lifting rope, and the adverse effects of rubbing, falling off and the like between the oysters are eliminated.
And thirdly, fixing the hard attaching base 5. The two ends of a plurality of hard attaching bases 5 are respectively tied on two mooring ropes 4, the interval between the hard attaching bases 5 is about 0.5 m, when the pond 7 is started to cultivate oysters, the mooring ropes 4 are tied on the wooden piles 3 opposite to the pond dam 8, so that the hard attaching bases 5 float on the surface layer of pond water and are arranged in parallel and float along with waves; the hard attaching base 5 is not exposed to the air by fixing the falling stone 6 with one end of the string and adding a small amount of the falling stone 6.
And fourthly, water injection and freeze prevention. Injecting fresh seawater into the pond 7 irregularly through a water inlet gate of the water inlet pipe 2 to increase plankton and promote the growth and reproduction of oyster bait organisms, so that the healthy growth of the oysters is ensured, and stopping injecting water after adding water to about 1.3 m deep water; when the temperature in wintery is extremely low, the mooring rope 4 can be lowered, the hard attaching base 5 is sunk to the deep part of the pond 7, the growth temperature of the oysters is kept between five and twenty eight ℃, the temperature is strictly controlled to be not higher than thirty-four ℃ and not lower than three ℃, and the oysters are prevented from being frostbitten or dead.
Fifthly, relay cultivation in the low-tide area of the intertidal zone is carried out. Piling in a low tide area in an intertidal zone, piling in the low tide area, and covering a sleeve 22 on an inserted pile 24 within the range from about 40 cm underground to about 50 cm above the ground when the sea water is generally not higher than an average high tide line 16 when the sea water is uptide and is generally not lower than an average low tide line 19 when the sea water is ebb tide; after the hard adhesion bases 5 are taken down from the pond 7, oysters on the hard adhesion bases 5 are thinned, after excessive fixed oyster seedlings are removed, the hard adhesion bases 5 are inserted into the insertion pipes 17, the insertion holes 15 of the insertion pipes 17 are penetrated through the insertion pins 21 and are fixed with the through holes 11 of the hard adhesion bases, the insertion pins 21 are bent at the ends of the insertion pins 21 by using pliers, the hard adhesion bases 5 are prevented from falling off from the insertion pipes 17, the hard adhesion bases 5 with the oysters are parallel to the sea surface, when the climax is removed, the time that the oysters are exposed in the air does not exceed 1 hour, long rods are erected around a culture area to serve as marks, and fishing boats are prevented from being damaged. The oyster is cultured in the low tide area of the intertidal zone, the ocean current impact is reduced, and the oyster seedlings always live in a high-quality water environment with high dissolved oxygen, large phytoplankton amount and water flow. The oyster fries are fixed on the hard attaching bases 5 and firmly do not fall off, and the hard attaching bases 5 are not rubbed with each other, so that the oyster fries are guaranteed not to be knocked off, and are fixed on the hard attaching bases 5 to eat normally and grow rapidly.
And a sixth step of harvesting, namely removing the hard attaching base (5) from the inserting pipe 17, and knocking the oysters which reach the commodity specification off a wooden stick to be sold on the market.
The oyster cultivation method is convenient to operate, the oyster pond cultivation and the oyster offshore cultivation are combined, the cross-boundary relay cultivation is realized, the respective cultivation advantages of the pond 7 and the sea are fully exerted, the healthy and fast growth of oysters is ensured, the risk of oyster offshore cultivation is reduced, meanwhile, the oyster cultivation method enables the pond 7 which is idle in winter to be utilized, the economic benefit of the pond 7 is improved, and the oyster cultivation method is beneficial to the vigorous popularization of oyster cultivation.
Claims (2)
1. The method for relay cultivation of oysters in the surface water and intertidal zone low tide area of the pond is characterized by comprising the following steps: the equipment structure mainly comprises an oyster pond culture device and an oyster intertidal zone low-tide culture device; the oyster pond culture device mainly comprises a water inlet channel (1), a pond (7), a drainage channel (10) and a hard adhesion base (5), wherein the water inlet channel (1) is arranged on the left side of the pond (7), a left pond dam (8) is arranged between the water inlet channel (1) and the pond (7), a water inlet pipe (2) is arranged on the left pond dam (8), the drainage channel (10) is arranged on the right side of the pond (7), a right pond dam (8) is arranged between the drainage channel (10) and the pond (7), a drainage pipe (9) is arranged on the right pond dam (8), a plurality of groups of wooden piles (3) are fixed on the front and rear pond dams (8), the wooden piles (3) are fixedly bound with one end of a mooring rope (4), the other end of the mooring rope (4) penetrates through a through hole (11) at one end of the hard adhesion base (5), the thin rope is fixedly bound on the mooring rope (4), and one end of the thin rope is fixedly bound, the mooring rope (4) penetrates through a plurality of hard attaching bases (5), the other end of the mooring rope (4) is fixedly provided with the wooden piles (3) corresponding to the opposite bank pool dam (8), the other mooring rope (4) is fixed on the same side, two mooring ropes (4) penetrate through holes (11) in two ends of the hard attaching bases (5), two ends of the mooring rope (4) are fixedly connected with the front and rear pool dams (8) and are symmetrical with the two wooden piles (3) to form a group, a scallop shell (12) or a shell fragment is tied on the hard attaching bases (5) through rubber bands (13), and the holes (11) are prefabricated near two ends of the hard attaching bases (5); the structure of the oyster intertidal zone low-tide area cultivation device mainly comprises a supporting rod (18), an inserting pipe (17), a hard attaching base (5) and inserting piles (24), wherein a groove (14) is prefabricated at the upper end of the supporting rod (18), internal threads are arranged in the groove (14), the inserting pipes (17) which are perpendicular to each other are prefabricated on the supporting rod (18), the inserting pipes (17) are parallel to each other in multiple layers, a penetrating inserting hole (15) is formed near a port of the inserting pipe (17), the hard attaching base (5) is inserted into the port of the inserting pipe (17), the inserting hole (15) and a penetrating hole (11) are inserted into the inserting hole (15) through an inserting pin (21), the hard attaching base (5) and the inserting pipe (17) are fixedly connected, a penetrating fixing port (20) is formed near the lower end of the supporting rod (18), a sleeve (22) is prefabricated on the inner layer at the lower end of the supporting rod (18), the sleeve (22) is, the fixing rod (23) is inserted into the fixing port (20) and the pile hole (25), a nut at the outlet end of the fixing rod (23) is screwed, the support rod (18) is firmly connected with the inserted pile (24), the inserted pile (24) is inserted into the insertion seabed deeply, the position and the range of the inserted pile (24) are set, the seawater is generally not higher than the average high tide line (16) when the tide goes up, and the seawater is generally not lower than the average low tide line (19) when the tide goes down; the method for breeding oysters comprises the following six steps: firstly, piling and drilling, after the soil turning and insolation at the bottom of a pond are finished, adding 80 cm of seawater, piling timber piles (3) beside water below a long dam of a pond dam (8) of the pond (7), wherein the distance between the timber piles (3) and the dam is 2-3 m, fixing two symmetrical timber piles (3) of the front pond dam and the rear pond dam (8) which are fixedly connected by penetrating through a hard adhesion base (5) between two mooring ropes (4) to form a group, one pond (7) can fix a plurality of groups of timber piles (3), the hard adhesion base (5) is about 2 m long, and drilling a through hole (11) at a position 10 cm away from a port at two ends of the hard adhesion base (5); secondly, putting seedlings, tying or sleeving the rubber band (13) on the hard attaching base (5), wherein the distance between the rubber bands (13) is about 20 cm, tying the scallop shells (12) fixed with oyster seedlings on the hard attaching base (5) through the rubber band (13), and tying the scallop shells (12) on the hard attaching base (5) after a fishing line penetrates through the scallop shells (12); thirdly, fixing hard attaching bases (5), tying two thin ropes to two mooring ropes (4) respectively through holes (11) at two ends of the hard attaching bases (5), wherein the hard attaching bases (5) are 0.5 meter apart, the two mooring ropes (4) are about 2 meters apart, straightening the two mooring ropes (4), tying the two mooring ropes to two symmetrical timber piles (3) of a front dam and a rear dam respectively, enabling the two mooring ropes (4) to penetrate through a plurality of hard attaching bases (5), enabling the hard attaching bases (5) to be arranged in parallel in surface water of a pond (7), fixing falling stones (6) at one ends of the thin ropes, and adding a small amount of falling stones (6) to enable the hard attaching bases (5) not to be exposed to the air; fourthly, water injection and freeze prevention are carried out, fresh seawater is injected into the pond (7) through a water inlet gate of the water inlet pipe (2) at irregular intervals, plankton is increased, growth and propagation of oyster bait organisms are promoted, healthy growth of the oysters is guaranteed, and water injection is stopped after water is added to about 1.3 m of water depth; when the temperature in wintery is particularly low, the mooring rope (4) can be lowered, and the hard attaching base (5) is sunk to the deep part of the pond (7) to prevent the oysters from being frozen; fifthly, relay cultivation in a low tide area of an intertidal zone is carried out, piles are driven in the low tide area, the range from 40 cm underground to 50 cm above the ground, the sea water is generally not higher than an average high tide line (16) when the tide goes up, the sea water is generally not lower than an average low tide line (19) when the tide goes down, and a sleeve (22) is sleeved on an inserted pile (24); after the hard attaching base (5) is taken down from the pond (7), thinning the oysters on the hard attaching base (5), removing excessive fixed oyster seedlings, inserting the hard attaching base (5) on the inserting pipe (17), fixing the hard attaching base (5) through the inserting hole (15) of the inserting pipe (17) and the through hole (11) of the hard attaching base by using the inserting pin (21), bending the head of the inserting pin (21) by using a clamp to prevent the hard attaching base (5) from falling from the inserting pipe (17), enabling the hard attaching base (5) with the oysters to be parallel to the sea surface, and when heavy tide is relieved, enabling the time of exposing the oysters in the air not to exceed 1 hour, and erecting long rods around a culture area to serve as marks to prevent a fishing boat from being damaged; sixthly, harvesting, namely taking the hard attaching base (5) out of the inserting pipe (17), and knocking the oysters which reach the commodity specification off a wooden stick to be sold on the market; the oyster pond culture device is suitable for the early trimester of the first September to the next year, the oyster culture device in the intertidal zone low tide area is suitable for the early trimester to the early sixty month, the oyster growth temperature is between five and twenty eight degrees centigrade, and the oyster survival temperature is not higher than thirty-four degrees centigrade and not lower than three degrees centigrade.
2. The method for relay cultivation of oysters in surface waters of ponds and low-tide areas of intertidal zones according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hard attachment base (5) mainly comprises a wood bar, a bamboo rod, a hard plastic pipe and a PVC pipe, the supporting rod (18), the insertion pipe (17) and the sleeve (22) mainly comprise the hard plastic pipe and the plastic steel, and the supporting rod (18), the insertion pipe (17) and the sleeve (22) are prefabricated at one time.
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| CN103329827A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-02 | 青岛大学 | Device and method for cultivating fixedness shellfish |
| CN104145867A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-19 | 江苏海辰科技集团有限公司 | Young stichopus japonicus protecting method for stichopus japonicus pool |
| CN104304099A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for intermediate cultivation of juvenile lutrariasieboldii reeve in outdoor cement pond |
| CN106719180A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-31 | 杨广宏 | A kind of oyster culture attachment base |
| CN106942105A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-07-14 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of method for carrying out Hong Kong oyster artificial breeding using the northern megathermal period |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103329827A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-02 | 青岛大学 | Device and method for cultivating fixedness shellfish |
| CN104145867A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-19 | 江苏海辰科技集团有限公司 | Young stichopus japonicus protecting method for stichopus japonicus pool |
| CN104304099A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for intermediate cultivation of juvenile lutrariasieboldii reeve in outdoor cement pond |
| CN106719180A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-31 | 杨广宏 | A kind of oyster culture attachment base |
| CN106942105A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-07-14 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of method for carrying out Hong Kong oyster artificial breeding using the northern megathermal period |
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