CN109122185A - A kind of quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling - Google Patents
A kind of quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122185A CN109122185A CN201811109935.8A CN201811109935A CN109122185A CN 109122185 A CN109122185 A CN 109122185A CN 201811109935 A CN201811109935 A CN 201811109935A CN 109122185 A CN109122185 A CN 109122185A
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- hardening
- tissue
- cultured seedling
- seedling
- hole tray
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling, environmental Kuznets Curves, fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after take root including the preparation of hardening greenhouse, tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, transplanting and etc..The present invention only needs 45d from bottle outlet to the long seedling to plant height 5cm or more, the hardening time compared with prior art shortens 15d or more, substantially reduce the transit time of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling, and hardening high survival rate, high survival rate is up to 95% or more, hardening survival rate than the prior art improves 5 ~ 7 times, and institute's hardening grows neat, robust plant.The invention proposes standardization hardening technical solutions, can precisely operate, and repeatability is high, are suitable for large-scale industrialized, standardization hardening, overcome the extremely unstable defect of nursery experience, survival rate that the prior art is largely dependent upon nursery person.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling, belong to technical field of plant propagation.
Background technique
Dahlia (Dahlia pinnata Cav.) is the perennial flowering bulb of composite family dahlia.Originate in Central America
One band of Mexico, Guatemala and Colombia, now widely cultivate all over the world.Dahlia is rich in color gorgeous, flower-shape thousand
Appearance different expressions can compare favourably with the king tree peony in aromatic spend, and that the flowers are in blossom is in an unbroken line from summer to autumn, thus by joyous
It meets.For dahlia as one of world's famous flower, it not only has high ornamental value, but also also contains " synanthrin " in its root tuber,
There is effect similar to glucose in medicine, and can be used as medicine, there is refreshing and detoxicating, detumescence.Therefore dahlia not only may be used
Reward, and it is available, although thing from abroad, at all it is no less than traditional famous flower in China.
The propagation method of dahlia has cuttage, division propagation, also graftable, tissue culture or seed propagation.Seed propagation is multi-purpose
In breeding.In production, in order to obtain a large amount of plant in a short time, frequently with tissue culture propagation, have reproduction speed fast, not by season
The advantages that section influences.And the success or failure of tissue culture propagation are heavily dependent on tissue culture seedling rooting and transplanting survival rate and at bioplasms
Amount.
Summary of the invention
Low, hardening slow growth, seedling growth for hardening survival rate present in existing dahlia training tissue culture seedling technology
Irregular, hardening is largely dependent upon that the nursery experience of nursery person, hardening survival rate are extremely unstable, can operate repeatability
The problems such as poor, the present invention provides a kind of quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling, in the irregular situation of tissue culture seedling rooting, leads to
Crossing a series of measures improves tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate, grows neatly, and this method operates feasible, repeated height, can quickly push away
Wide dahlia excellent variety.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal: a kind of quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling includes the following steps:
(1) hardening greenhouse prepares:
Sunshade net, warming-up device, humidification apparatus and irrigation equipment are routinely installed in hardening greenhouse, make the indoor temperature control of hardening temperature
System is between 10 ~ 28 DEG C, between relative air humidity 60 ~ 100%；
(2) tissue culture is taken root transplantation of seedlings:
A, matrix prepares: using leaf mould as matrix, the thiophanate methyl solution stirring that 800 times of liquid are added in matrix contains matrix
Water tiles in hole tray after being 60 ~ 70wt%；
B, tissue culture rooted seedling is directly taken out out of bottle, after cleaning the culture medium on tissue-cultured seedling, with more bacterium of 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid
Spirit or Bravo solution impregnate 10 ~ 15min of tissue-cultured seedling；
It, directly will be in the matrix of the tissue-cultured seedling inserting step a hole tray if c, root long degree >=1cm of tissue-cultured seedling；If tissue-cultured seedling
The tissue-cultured seedling root, then is stained with the base of inserting step a hole tray after the indolebutyric acid solution of 600ppm by unrooted or root long degree < 1cm
In matter；Entire transplanting process carries out in the hardening greenhouse of step (1), and the indoor temperature of hardening temperature controls between 20 ~ 28 DEG C,
Between relative air humidity 60 ~ 100%, top installs the sunshade net that shading rate is 50% and carries out sunshade, after the completion of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings
Water spray determines root；
(3) environmental Kuznets Curves after transplanting:
1. the control indoor day temperature of hardening temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, and night temperatures are not less than 10 DEG C during entire hardening,
Relative air humidity is 80 ~ 85%；
2. to the 30th day from first day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, carried out once every 2 hours it is spraying, poured every 3 days it is primary permeable,
Ensure matrix and with the humid air；
3. removing sunshade net after the seedling in hole tray is grown 30 days, when water content of substrate is reduced to 40% in hole tray, spraying one
It is secondary permeable；When the seedling in hole tray it is long to 4 ~ 5cm high when, hole tray is moved to and carries out outdoor hardening outside greenhouse, plug media need to be kept
It is wet；
(4) fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:
Tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted in hole tray after 25 days, and the foliar fertilizer of 1500 times of liquid ~ 2000 times liquid, leaf were sprayed every 10 ~ 15 days
Leaven is N:P2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is the compound fertilizer of 20:10:20；A 75% Bravo wettable powder was sprayed every 15 days
1000 times of liquid ~ 1200 times liquid of 1000 times of liquid ~ 1200 times liquid or 50% carbendazol wettable powder, spray 3 ~ 4 times altogether.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
1, the invention proposes the accurate operational aspects of dahlia training tissue culture seedling, and transplanting is taken out directly from tissue culture bottle,
Without band bottle transition, 45d is only needed from bottle outlet to the long seedling to plant height 5cm or more.Hardening time of the prior art need 2 months with
On, the hardening time compared with prior art shortens 15d or more, the transit time of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling is substantially reduced,
And hardening high survival rate, high survival rate is up to 95% or more, and the hardening survival rate than the prior art improves 5 ~ 7 times, the growth of institute's hardening
Neatly, robust plant.The present invention can carry out hardening in easy greenhouse, effectively facilitate tissue-cultured seedling and survive, and overcome existing skill
The defect that the growth of art is irregular, survival rate is low.
2, it the invention proposes standardization hardening technical solution, can precisely operate, repeatability is high, is suitable for large-scale plant
Change, standardization hardening, overcome the prior art be largely dependent upon nursery person nursery experience, survival rate it is extremely unstable
Defect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the dahlia seedling early growth situation of hardening 20d by the method for the invention；
Fig. 2 is the dahlia seedling early growth situation of hardening 45d by the method for the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and it should not be regarded as limiting this hair
Bright range.In the examples where no specific technique or condition is specified, described technology or conditions according to the literature in the art
Or it is carried out according to product description.Production firm person is not specified in material therefor or equipment, is that can be obtained by purchase
Conventional products.
Embodiment 1
By taking dahlia kind ' tower of primary Buddhist nun ' as an example, the present invention is described further.
(1) hardening greenhouse prepares:
Size is 20m2Sunshade net, warming-up device, humidification apparatus and irrigation equipment are routinely installed in hardening greenhouse, make hardening greenhouse
Interior temperature controls between 10 ~ 28 DEG C, between relative air humidity 60 ~ 100%；
(2) tissue culture is taken root transplantation of seedlings:
A, matrix prepares: using leaf mould as matrix, the thiophanate methyl solution stirring that 800 times of liquid are added in matrix contains matrix
The water specification that tiles after being 70wt% is 540mm × 280mm, in the hole tray in 128 holes；
B, tissue culture rooted seedling is directly taken out out of bottle, after cleaning the culture medium on tissue-cultured seedling, with the carbendazim of 800 times of liquid or
Bravo solution impregnates tissue-cultured seedling 10min；
It, directly will be in the matrix of the tissue-cultured seedling inserting step a hole tray if c, root long degree >=1cm of tissue-cultured seedling；If tissue-cultured seedling
The tissue-cultured seedling root, then is stained with the base of inserting step a hole tray after the indolebutyric acid solution of 600ppm by unrooted or root long degree < 1cm
In matter；Entire transplanting process carries out in the hardening greenhouse of step (1), and the indoor temperature of hardening temperature controls between 23 ± 2 DEG C,
Between relative air humidity 85%, top installs the sunshade net that shading rate is 50% and carries out sunshade, sprays water after the completion of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings
Determine root；
(3) environmental Kuznets Curves after transplanting:
1. the control indoor day temperature of hardening temperature is 23 ± 2 DEG C during entire hardening, night temperatures are not less than 10 DEG C, sky
Gas relative humidity is 85%；
2. to the 30th day from first day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, carried out once every 2 hours it is spraying, poured every 3 days it is primary permeable,
Ensure matrix and with the humid air；
3. removing sunshade net after the seedling in hole tray is grown 30 days, when water content of substrate is reduced to 40% in hole tray, spraying one
It is secondary permeable；When the seedling in hole tray it is long to 4 ~ 5cm high when, hole tray is moved to and carries out outdoor hardening outside greenhouse, plug media need to be kept
It is wet；
(4) fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:
Tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted in hole tray after 25 days, and the foliar fertilizer of 1500 times of liquid, foliar fertilizer N:P were sprayed every 10 days2O5:
K2The mass ratio of O is the compound fertilizer of 20:10:20；Sprayed every 15 days 1000 times of liquid of a 75% Bravo wettable powder ~
1200 times of liquid spray 4 times altogether.
Embodiment 2
By taking dahlia kind ' Wei Pa ' as an example, the present invention is described further.
(1) hardening greenhouse prepares:
Size is 20m2Sunshade net, warming-up device, humidification apparatus and irrigation equipment are routinely installed in hardening greenhouse, make hardening greenhouse
Interior temperature controls between 10 ~ 28 DEG C, between relative air humidity 60 ~ 100%；
(2) tissue culture is taken root transplantation of seedlings:
A, matrix prepares: using leaf mould as matrix, the thiophanate methyl solution stirring that 800 times of liquid are added in matrix contains matrix
The water specification that tiles after being 60wt% is 540mm × 280mm, in the hole tray in 128 holes；
B, tissue culture rooted seedling is directly taken out out of bottle, after cleaning the culture medium on tissue-cultured seedling, with the carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid or
Person's Bravo solution impregnates tissue-cultured seedling 12min；
It, directly will be in the matrix of the tissue-cultured seedling inserting step a hole tray if c, root long degree >=1cm of tissue-cultured seedling；If tissue-cultured seedling
The tissue-cultured seedling root, then is stained with the base of inserting step a hole tray after the indolebutyric acid solution of 600ppm by unrooted or root long degree < 1cm
In matter；Entire transplanting process carries out in the hardening greenhouse of step (1), and the indoor temperature control of hardening temperature is empty between 20 DEG C
Between gas relative humidity 100%, top installs the sunshade net that shading rate is 50% and carries out sunshade, and it is fixed to spray water after the completion of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings
Root；
(3) environmental Kuznets Curves after transplanting:
1. the control indoor day temperature of hardening temperature is 20 DEG C, and night temperatures are not less than 10 DEG C, air phase during entire hardening
It is 80% to humidity；
2. to the 30th day from first day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, carried out once every 2 hours it is spraying, poured every 3 days it is primary permeable,
Ensure matrix and with the humid air；
3. removing sunshade net after the seedling in hole tray is grown 30 days, when water content of substrate is reduced to 40% in hole tray, spraying one
It is secondary permeable；When the seedling in hole tray it is long to 4 ~ 5cm high when, hole tray is moved to and carries out outdoor hardening outside greenhouse, plug media need to be kept
It is wet；
(4) fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:
Tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted in hole tray after 25 days, and the foliar fertilizer of 2000 times of liquid, foliar fertilizer N:P were sprayed every 15 days2O5:
K2The mass ratio of O is the compound fertilizer of 20:10:20；1200 times of liquid of a 75% Bravo wettable powder were sprayed every 15 days, altogether
It sprays 3 times.
Embodiment 3
With dahlia kind ' tower of primary Buddhist nun ' for experimental material.
(1) hardening greenhouse prepares:
Sunshade net, warming-up device, humidification apparatus and irrigation equipment are routinely installed in hardening greenhouse, make the indoor temperature control of hardening temperature
System is between 10 ~ 28 DEG C, between relative air humidity 60 ~ 100%；
(2) tissue culture is taken root transplantation of seedlings:
A, matrix prepares: using leaf mould as matrix, the thiophanate methyl solution stirring that 800 times of liquid are added in matrix contains matrix
Water tiles in hole tray after being 65wt%；
B, tissue culture rooted seedling is directly taken out out of bottle, after cleaning the culture medium on tissue-cultured seedling, with the carbendazim of 900 times of liquid or
Bravo solution impregnates tissue-cultured seedling 15min；
It, directly will be in the matrix of the tissue-cultured seedling inserting step a hole tray if c, root long degree >=1cm of tissue-cultured seedling；If tissue-cultured seedling
The tissue-cultured seedling root, then is stained with the base of inserting step a hole tray after the indolebutyric acid solution of 600ppm by unrooted or root long degree < 1cm
In matter；Entire transplanting process carries out in the hardening greenhouse of step (1), and the indoor temperature control of hardening temperature is empty between 28 DEG C
Between gas relative humidity 60%, top installs the sunshade net that shading rate is 50% and carries out sunshade, and it is fixed to spray water after the completion of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings
Root；
(3) environmental Kuznets Curves after transplanting:
1. the control indoor day temperature of hardening temperature is 28 DEG C, and night temperatures are not less than 10 DEG C, air phase during entire hardening
It is 82% to humidity；
2. to the 30th day from first day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, carried out once every 2 hours it is spraying, poured every 3 days it is primary permeable,
Ensure matrix and with the humid air；
3. removing sunshade net after the seedling in hole tray is grown 30 days, when water content of substrate is reduced to 40% in hole tray, spraying one
It is secondary permeable；When the seedling in hole tray it is long to 4 ~ 5cm high when, hole tray is moved to and carries out outdoor hardening outside greenhouse, plug media need to be kept
It is wet；
(4) fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:
Tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted in hole tray after 25 days, and the foliar fertilizer of 1800 times of liquid, foliar fertilizer N:P were sprayed every 12 days2O5:
K2The mass ratio of O is the compound fertilizer of 20:10:20；Sprayed every 15 days 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder ~
1200 times of liquid spray 4 times altogether.
Reference examples 1: with dahlia kind ' tower of primary Buddhist nun ' for experimental material.The difference of reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 only exists
In the water content of substrate of step (2) a is 50wt%, remaining is all identical.
Comparative example 2: with dahlia kind ' tower of primary Buddhist nun ' for experimental material.The difference of reference examples 2 and embodiment 1 only exists
In the water content of substrate of step (2) a is 80wt%, remaining is all identical.
Comparative example 3: with dahlia kind ' Wei Pa ' for experimental material.Reference examples 3 and the difference of embodiment 2 are only that, are saved
Carrying out every 2 hours once in summary step (3) 2. is spraying, remaining is all identical.
Comparative example 4: with dahlia kind ' Wei Pa ' for experimental material.Reference examples 4 and the difference of embodiment 2 are only that, are walked
Suddenly the relative air humidity of (3) 1. is 100%, remaining is all identical.
Comparative example 5: with dahlia kind ' tower of primary Buddhist nun ' for experimental material.The difference of reference examples 5 and embodiment 3 only exists
In the indoor day temperature of hardening temperature of step (3) 1. is 15 ± 2 DEG C, remaining is all identical.
Reference examples 6: with dahlia kind ' tower of primary Buddhist nun ' for experimental material.The difference of reference examples 6 and embodiment 3 only exists
In the indoor day temperature of hardening temperature of step (3) 1. is 30 ± 2 DEG C, remaining is all identical.
The seedling early growth situation of 1 dahlia tissue culture transplantation of seedlings hardening 45d of table
。
Claims (2)
1. a kind of quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) hardening greenhouse prepares:
Sunshade net, warming-up device, humidification apparatus and irrigation equipment are routinely installed in hardening greenhouse, make the indoor temperature control of hardening temperature
System is between 10 ~ 28 DEG C, between relative air humidity 60 ~ 100%；
(2) tissue culture is taken root transplantation of seedlings:
A, matrix prepares: using leaf mould as matrix, after the stirring of addition fungicide makes 60 ~ 70wt% of water content of substrate in matrix
It tiles in hole tray；
B, tissue culture rooted seedling is directly taken out out of bottle, after cleaning the culture medium on tissue-cultured seedling, with more bacterium of 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid
Spirit or Bravo solution impregnate 10 ~ 15min of tissue-cultured seedling；
It, directly will be in the matrix of the tissue-cultured seedling inserting step a hole tray if c, root long degree >=1cm of tissue-cultured seedling；If tissue-cultured seedling
The tissue-cultured seedling root, then is stained with the base of inserting step a hole tray after the indolebutyric acid solution of 600ppm by unrooted or root long degree < 1cm
In matter；Entire transplanting process carries out in the hardening greenhouse of step (1), and the indoor temperature of hardening temperature controls between 20 ~ 28 DEG C,
Between relative air humidity 60 ~ 100%, top installs the sunshade net that shading rate is 50% and carries out sunshade, after the completion of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings
Water spray determines root；
(3) environmental Kuznets Curves after transplanting:
1. the control indoor day temperature of hardening temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, and night temperatures are not less than 10 DEG C during entire hardening,
Relative air humidity is 80 ~ 85%；
2. to the 30th day from first day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, carried out once every 2 hours it is spraying, poured every 3 days it is primary permeable,
Ensure matrix and with the humid air；
3. removing sunshade net after the seedling in hole tray is grown 30 days, when water content of substrate is reduced to 40% in hole tray, spraying one
It is secondary permeable；When the seedling in hole tray it is long to 4 ~ 5cm high when, hole tray is moved to and carries out outdoor hardening outside greenhouse, plug media need to be kept
It is wet；
(4) fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:
Tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted in hole tray after 25 days, and the foliar fertilizer of 1500 times of liquid ~ 2000 times liquid, leaf were sprayed every 10 ~ 15 days
Leaven is N:P2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is the compound fertilizer of 20:10:20；A 75% Bravo wettable powder was sprayed every 15 days
1000 times of liquid ~ 1200 times liquid of 1000 times of liquid ~ 1200 times liquid or 50% carbendazol wettable powder, spray 3 ~ 4 times altogether.
2. the quick hardening off method of dahlia tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) a's kills
Microbial inoculum is the thiophanate methyl solution of 800 times of liquid.
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| CN115644009A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-31 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for annual production of fresh cut flowers by regulating and controlling flowering period of dahlia |
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