CN109121663B - High-quality rice screening method - Google Patents
High-quality rice screening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109121663B CN109121663B CN201810872592.4A CN201810872592A CN109121663B CN 109121663 B CN109121663 B CN 109121663B CN 201810872592 A CN201810872592 A CN 201810872592A CN 109121663 B CN109121663 B CN 109121663B
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 197
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title description 171
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract 26
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021329 brown rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 abstract description 154
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000883990 Flabellum Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002582 Oryza sativa Indica Group Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008467 Oryza sativa Japonica Group Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/02—Self-propelled combines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
- A01F12/22—Threshing cylinders with teeth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
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- Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of grain processing, and particularly relates to a high-quality rice screening method, which adopts a combined rice harvester device, wherein the combined rice harvester device comprises a control unit, a threshing unit and a separation unit; the control unit is used for controlling the size of the threshing area; the threshing unit is used for threshing straws; the separating unit is used for cleaning impurities in the rice. According to the full condition of the rice, the clearance between the threshing teeth and the threshing chamber is controlled by adjusting the adjusting disc, so that the threshing cylinder is not blocked, the straw is quickly cut by the straw crushing cutter, and the straw and the rice are fully threshed, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straw; set up the separation unit simultaneously, rotate the flabellum through motor drive and rotate, blow away the impurity in the corn under the wind-force effect, and clean full corn is collected to the cleanliness factor of corn has been improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grain processing, and particularly relates to a high-quality rice screening method.
Background
Rice is one of herbaceous rice genera, and is also the most prominent and longest kind of grain in the rice genus. The rice is originally produced in China, and the rice is planted in the Yangtze river basin of China seven thousand years ago. Generalized rice is distinguished from upland rice; the narrow definition of rice refers to fresh water rice, and is different from seawater rice and the like. According to the type of rice, the rice can be classified into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice. In other categories, rice is generally cultivated in paddy fields, and rice cultivated without soil is paddy rice. The rice is not as high as one meter, and about two meters of the rice is newly cultivated giant rice. The existing rice processing method is not good, and the quality of the obtained finished product is not good, so a processing method is needed to obtain high-quality rice.
The harvester is a machine for integrally harvesting crops. The harvesting and threshing are completed at one time, grains are collected to a storage bin, and then the grains are conveyed to a transport vehicle through a conveying belt. Or manually reaping, laying straws of crops such as rice, wheat and the like in the field, and then picking up and threshing by using a grain harvesting machine. A crop harvesting machine for harvesting grain crop seeds and straws of rice, wheat and the like. Including harvesters, windrowers, reapers, grain combine harvesters, grain threshing machines, and the like. Grain harvesting machines have been developed based on various harvesting and threshing tools.
The technical scheme of a high-quality rice screening method also appears in the prior art, for example, a Chinese patent with application number of 2011100204927 discloses a threshing and grass-crushing mechanism of a half-feeding combine harvester, which comprises a threshing chamber, a threshing cylinder and a grass-crushing cutter arranged in the threshing chamber, and is characterized in that the grass-crushing cutter is arranged on the upper part of one side opposite to a feed inlet of the threshing chamber, the grass-crushing cutter is an arch-shaped serrated knife, one side of the sawtooth is arc-shaped, and a sawtooth I of the grass-crushing cutter
The side is opposite to the threshing cylinder, and the sawtooth surface is positioned in the interval of the threshing teeth.
The threshing and straw-crushing mechanism of the half-feeding type combine harvester has the advantages that the service life of the straw-crushing cutter is long, the energy consumption is low, the cutting is thorough, and the blockage is not easy to occur. But the technical proposal does not classify and thresh the plumpness condition of the rice; meanwhile, the dust existing in the threshed rice is not cleaned, so that the technical scheme is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the method for screening the high-quality rice adopts the combined rice harvester device, the combined rice harvester device controls the gap between the threshing teeth and the threshing chamber by adjusting the adjusting disc according to the plump condition of the rice, so that the threshing cylinder is not blocked, the straw is quickly cut by the straw crushing cutter, and the straw and the rice are fully threshed, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straw; set up the separation unit simultaneously, rotate the flabellum through motor drive and rotate, blow away the separator box with the impurity in the corn under the wind-force effect, and clean full corn is collected to the cleanliness factor of corn has been improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a high-quality rice screening method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: harvesting rice in the rice field by using a combined rice harvester device;
step two: placing the harvested paddy in the step one in the sun for insolation to dry the paddy;
step three: carrying out hulling treatment on the rice dried in the step two;
step four: separating the husked rice from the brown rice in the third step;
step five: rice milling is carried out on the rice in the fourth step in a rice mill; meanwhile, grading the rice obtained by milling the rice to remove the heterochrome grains;
step six: putting the rice selected in the step five into a polishing machine for polishing treatment to obtain high-quality rice;
wherein, a combined rice harvester device is adopted in the first step, and comprises a threshing chamber, a threshing roller, a grass chopping cutter, a connecting block and an adjusting block; also includes a control unit; the threshing cylinder is rotatably arranged in the threshing chamber through a rotating shaft, and the outer wall of the threshing cylinder and the inner wall of the threshing chamber form a threshing area; a feed inlet is formed in the upper right end of the threshing chamber; the straw chopping cutter is arranged at the upper part of the opposite side of the feed inlet, the straw chopping cutter is fixedly connected with the threshing chamber through a connecting block, and one side of a sawtooth of the straw chopping cutter is opposite to the threshing cylinder; the adjusting block is positioned between the connecting block and the threshing chamber and is used for adjusting the angle of the grass chopping cutter; the control unit is arranged in the threshing cylinder and is used for controlling the size of a threshing area; wherein,
the control unit comprises a fixing plate, an adjusting disc and threshing teeth; the threshing teeth are fixedly arranged on the fixing plate and used for threshing rice; the fixed plate is positioned in the threshing cylinder and is circumferentially distributed around the rotating shaft; the adjusting disc is rotatably arranged in the threshing cylinder, the cross section of the adjusting disc is plum blossom-shaped, and the adjusting disc is used for adjusting the fixed plate to slide on the threshing cylinder. The plumpness of the rice in the rice straws is different, and under the condition that the rice straws are plump, the rice straws are put into a rice harvester to be separated from the rice straws, so that the blockage of a threshing roller is easily caused, and the threshing work of the rice straws is not easy to carry out; under the condition that the rice is not full, the threshing cylinder easily rotates from the threshing chamber, and the rice is not well threshed; the control unit is arranged, so that the adjusting disc is adjusted during threshing for full straws with rice grains, the threshing teeth slide towards one side far away from the threshing chamber, the threshing teeth drive the straws to rotate, when the straws rotate to the position of the straw crushing cutter, the straws are contacted with the lower end of the straw crushing cutter, the straw crushing cutter and the straws slide relatively under the further drive of the threshing teeth, the straw crushing cutter cuts off the straws during sliding, and simultaneously the rice grains are separated from the straws through the mutual matching of the threshing cylinder, the threshing teeth and the threshing chamber, so that the threshing efficiency and effect of the straws are improved; for the straws with the plump rice, the adjusting disc is adjusted to ensure that the threshing teeth slide to one side close to the threshing chamber, and the rice is separated from the straws through the mutual matching of the threshing cylinder, the threshing teeth and the threshing chamber, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straws; according to the rice threshing machine, the control unit is arranged, and the gap between the threshing teeth and the threshing chamber is adjusted according to the fullness of rice, so that on one hand, the threshing roller is not blocked, and the straw is quickly cut by the straw smashing cutter, so that the cutting efficiency of the straw is improved, and meanwhile, the straw and the rice are fully threshed, so that the threshing efficiency of the straw is improved; on the other hand, the threshing teeth slide repeatedly and the straws shake to accelerate the separation of the straws and the paddy, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straws.
Preferably, a threshing unit is arranged at the left lower end of the threshing chamber; the threshing unit is used for threshing rice and comprises a first arc-shaped plate, a second arc-shaped plate, a sleeve, a third arc-shaped plate, a connecting plate and a first pipe; the first arc-shaped plate is positioned above the second arc-shaped plate; the second arc-shaped plate is positioned above the third arc-shaped plate; the sleeve is used for sealing the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate; the connecting plate is used for connecting the second arc-shaped plate and the third arc-shaped plate; a group of first holes are formed in the first arc plate; a group of second holes are formed in the second arc-shaped plate; a third hole is formed in the third arc plate; the second hole is communicated with the first hole through a first pipe; a rice concentration area is formed between the second arc-shaped plate and the third arc-shaped plate. In the threshing process of the straws, the paddy with the small straws falls from the first hole, in the prior art, the threshing unit is a single-layer threshing plate, the paddy with the small straws is directly collected after falling to the first hole, and the paddy needs to be separated again in the later period, so that on one hand, the later-period cost input is increased, and on the other hand, the additional workload is increased; according to the rice straw threshing device, the separation units are arranged into multiple layers, so that the falling stroke of rice is increased, the rice to be dropped from the first hole is threshed again by the threshing teeth before dropping, and the threshing effect of rice straws is improved.
Preferably, the first hole is a trapezoidal hole. By arranging the first hole, on one hand, the side of the trapezoidal hole close to the threshing chamber is a small opening, so that paddy with straws is not easy to enter the first hole, the paddy is left in the threshing chamber, and the threshing chamber, threshing teeth and a threshing roller are matched for full threshing, so that the threshing effect of the straws is improved; on the other hand, one side of the trapezoidal hole, which is far away from the threshing chamber, is a large opening, the large opening prevents the paddy from being blocked at the first hole, the paddy after full threshing quickly passes through the first pipe, and the paddy is gathered to a concentrated area so as to be convenient for later treatment, so that the threshing efficiency of the straw is improved.
Preferably, a separation unit is arranged below the threshing unit, the separation unit is used for separating rice from dust, and the separation unit comprises a separation box, a rotating disc and rotating fan blades; the separation box is fixedly arranged on the third arc-shaped plate; the rotating disc is rotationally connected with a rotating shaft of the motor; the rotating fan blades are fixedly connected to the rotating disc; the lower surface of the separation box is funnel-shaped, and a discharge hole is formed in the lower surface of the separation box; the right side surface of the separation box is provided with an ash outlet. In the threshing of the straws, only the straws and the rice can be separated, the shrunken rice and the dust mixed in the rice are not easy to treat, and the phenomenon is not treated in the prior art; according to the invention, by arranging the separation unit, when the impurity-mixed rice falls into the separation unit from the third hole, the motor drives the rotating fan blades to rotate, under the action of wind, the wind blows dust and flat rice mixed in the rice from the ash outlet away from the separation box, and full and clean rice is directly collected from the discharge outlet, so that the cleanliness of the rice is improved.
Preferably, a first groove is formed in the fixing plate; a clamping block is arranged in the first groove and is connected with the first groove through a spring; the threshing cylinder is provided with a groove matched with the clamping block. The threshing cylinder rotates at a high speed in the threshing chamber, a large rotating force can be generated in the rotation, the threshing teeth move repeatedly under the action of the rotating force, and the irregular movement of the threshing teeth causes that straws and paddy can not be fully threshed, thereby influencing the threshing effect of the straws; through setting up the chucking piece, adjust the back according to the full degree of corn, the chucking piece is with the fixed plate chucking for straw and corn carry out abundant threshing, thereby have improved corn's threshing effect and efficiency.
Preferably, a second groove is formed in the fixing plate; the second groove and the first groove are alternately distributed, the second groove is positioned on two sides of the first groove, the threshing knife is hinged in the second groove, and the torsional spring is arranged at the hinged position. The rice straw enters the rice harvester from the feeding hole, and when the rice straw is not rotated to the position of the straw smashing cutter, the rice straw is easily wound on the fixing plate, so that the rice straw and the rice can not be threshed, and the threshing efficiency of the rice straw is influenced; when the threshing teeth move towards one side close to the threshing chamber, the threshing knife bounces open under the action of the torsion spring, and the threshing knife cuts the straws wound on the fixed plate; when the threshing teeth move to one side far away from the threshing chamber, the threshing knife contracts; by arranging the threshing knife, on one hand, the threshing knife cuts off the straws, so that the straws are threshed under the action of the threshing cylinder, the threshing teeth and the threshing chamber, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straws; on the other hand, when the threshing knife is unfolded, the threshing knife beats the straws, so that the rice is accelerated to fall off from the straws, and the threshing efficiency of the straws is improved.
Preferably, one side of the threshing knife, which is far away from the fixed plate, is an arc-shaped surface. One side of the threshing knife is arranged to be an arc-shaped surface, so that when the straw is wound on the fixing plate, the arc-shaped surface increases the contact area between the threshing knife and the straw on one hand, the threshing knife can cut the straw more quickly, and the threshing efficiency of the straw is improved; on the other hand, the beating area of the threshing knife to the straws is increased, so that the paddy can fall from the straws more quickly, and the threshing efficiency of the straws is improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a high-quality rice screening method, which adopts a combined rice harvester device, wherein the combined rice harvester device is provided with a control unit, and the control unit comprises a fixing plate, an adjusting disc and threshing teeth; according to the full condition of the rice, the clearance between the threshing teeth and the threshing chamber is controlled by adjusting the adjusting disc, so that the threshing cylinder is not blocked, the straw is quickly cut by the straw crushing cutter, and the straw and the rice are fully threshed, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straw; on the other hand, the threshing efficiency of the straws is improved by adjusting the adjusting disc, repeatedly sliding the threshing teeth and shaking the straws.
2. According to the high-quality rice screening method, the combined rice harvester device is adopted, and the hole I is arranged into the trapezoidal hole by arranging the grain clamping unit, so that rice with straws is not easy to enter the hole I, and the rice is remained in the threshing chamber for continuous threshing, and the threshing effect of the straws is improved; on the other hand, the rice is prevented from being blocked in the first hole, so that the fully threshed rice passes through the first pipe, and the rice is gathered in a concentrated area for later treatment, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straw.
3. The invention relates to a high-quality rice screening method, which adopts a combined rice harvester device, wherein the combined rice harvester device is provided with a separation unit, when impurity-mixed rice falls into the separation unit from a third hole, a motor drives a rotating fan blade to rotate, under the action of wind, the wind blows dust and shriveled rice mixed in the rice out of a separation box from a dust outlet, and full and clean rice is directly collected from a discharge outlet, so that the cleanliness of the rice is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the combined rice harvester device;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at C;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at D;
in the figure: threshing chamber 1, rotating shaft 11, threshing area 12, threshing cylinder 2, grass chopping cutter 3, connecting block 31, adjusting block 32, control unit 4, fixing plate 41, first groove 411, clamping block 412, second groove 413, threshing knife 414, adjusting disk 42, threshing teeth 43, threshing unit 5, first arc-shaped plate 51, first hole 511, second arc-shaped plate 52, second hole 521, concentration area 522, sleeve 53, third arc-shaped plate 54, third hole 541, connecting plate 55, first pipe 56, separating unit 6, separating box 61, discharge hole 611, ash outlet 612, rotating disk 62 and rotating fan 63.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for screening high-quality rice according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: harvesting rice in the rice field by using a combined rice harvester device;
step two: placing the harvested paddy in the step one in the sun for insolation to dry the paddy;
step three: carrying out hulling treatment on the rice dried in the step two;
step four: separating the husked rice from the brown rice in the third step;
step five: rice milling is carried out on the rice in the fourth step in a rice mill; meanwhile, grading the rice obtained by milling the rice to remove the heterochrome grains;
step six: putting the rice selected in the step five into a polishing machine for polishing treatment to obtain high-quality rice;
wherein, a combined rice harvester device is adopted in the first step, and comprises a threshing chamber 1, a threshing cylinder 2, a grass chopping cutter 3, a connecting block 31 and an adjusting block 32; also comprises a control unit 4; the threshing cylinder 2 is rotatably arranged in the threshing chamber 1 through a rotating shaft 11, and the outer wall of the threshing cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the threshing chamber 1 form a threshing area 12; the right upper end of the threshing chamber 1 is provided with a feeding hole; the grass chopping cutter 3 is arranged at the upper part of the opposite side of the feed inlet, the grass chopping cutter 3 is fixedly connected with the threshing chamber 1 through a connecting block 31, and the sawtooth side of the grass chopping cutter 3 is opposite to the threshing cylinder 2; the adjusting block 32 is positioned between the connecting block 31 and the threshing chamber 1, and the adjusting block 32 is used for adjusting the angle of the grass chopping cutter 3; the control unit 4 is arranged in the threshing cylinder 2, and the control unit 4 is used for controlling the size of the threshing area 12; wherein,
the control unit 4 comprises a fixed plate 41, an adjusting disc 42 and threshing teeth 43; the threshing teeth 43 are fixedly arranged on the fixing plate 41, and the threshing teeth 43 are used for threshing rice; the fixed plate 41 is positioned in the threshing cylinder 2, and the fixed plate 41 is distributed circumferentially around the rotating shaft 11; the adjusting disk 42 is rotatably installed inside the threshing cylinder 2, the section of the adjusting disk 42 is plum blossom-shaped, and the adjusting disk 42 is used for adjusting the fixed plate 41 to slide on the threshing cylinder 2. The plumpness of the rice in the rice straws is different, under the condition that the rice straws are plump, the rice straws are put into a rice harvester to be separated from the rice straws, so that the blockage of the threshing roller 2 is easily caused, and the threshing work of the rice straws is not easy to be carried out; under the condition that the rice is not full, the threshing cylinder 2 easily rotates from the threshing chamber 1, and the rice is not well threshed; by arranging the control unit 4, the adjusting disc 42 is adjusted during threshing for full straws with rice grains, so that the threshing teeth 43 slide towards one side far away from the threshing chamber 1, the threshing teeth 43 drive the straws to rotate, when the straws rotate to the position of the grass smashing cutter 3, the straws are contacted with the lower end of the grass smashing cutter 3, the grass smashing cutter 3 and the straws slide relatively under the further drive of the threshing teeth 43, the straws are cut off by the grass smashing cutter 3 during sliding, and the rice grains are separated from the straws by the mutual matching of the threshing cylinder 2, the threshing teeth 43 and the threshing chamber 1, so that the threshing efficiency and effect of the straws are improved; for the straws with the rice being not full, the adjusting disc 42 is adjusted to enable the threshing teeth 43 to slide to one side close to the threshing chamber 1, and the threshing cylinder 2, the threshing teeth 43 and the threshing chamber 1 are matched with each other to separate the rice from the straws, so that the threshing efficiency of the straws is improved; according to the invention, the control unit 4 is arranged, and the gap between the threshing teeth 43 and the threshing chamber 1 is adjusted according to the fullness of the rice, so that on one hand, the threshing cylinder 2 is not blocked, and the straw is quickly cut by the straw smashing cutter 3, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the straw, and meanwhile, the straw and the rice are fully threshed, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straw; on the other hand, the threshing teeth 43 repeatedly slide to shake the straws under the adjustment of the adjusting disc 42, so that the separation of the straws and the paddy is accelerated, and the threshing efficiency of the straws is improved.
As an embodiment of the invention, a threshing unit 5 is arranged at the left lower end of the threshing chamber 1; the threshing unit 5 is used for threshing rice, and the threshing unit 5 comprises a first arc-shaped plate 51, a second arc-shaped plate 52, a sleeve 53, a third arc-shaped plate 54, a connecting plate 55 and a first pipe 56; the first arc-shaped plate 51 is positioned above the second arc-shaped plate 52; the second arc-shaped plate 52 is positioned above the third arc-shaped plate 54; the sleeve 53 is used for sealing the first arc-shaped plate 51 and the second arc-shaped plate 52; the connecting plate 55 is used for connecting the second arc-shaped plate 52 and the third arc-shaped plate 54; a group of first holes 511 are arranged on the first arc-shaped plate 51; a group of second holes 521 are formed in the second arc-shaped plate 52; a third hole is formed in the third arc plate 54; the second hole 521 is communicated with the first hole 511 through the first pipe 56; a rice concentration area 522 is formed between the second arc-shaped plate 52 and the third arc-shaped plate 54. In the threshing process of the straws, the paddy with the small straws falls from the first hole 511, in the prior art, the threshing unit 5 is a single-layer threshing plate, after the paddy with the small straws falls into the first hole 511, the paddy is directly collected, and the paddy needs to be separated again in the later period, so that on one hand, the later-period cost input is increased, and on the other hand, the extra workload is increased; the invention increases the falling stroke of the rice by arranging the separating units into a plurality of layers, so that the rice which is ready to fall from the first hole 511 is threshed again by the threshing teeth 43 before falling, thereby improving the threshing effect of the rice straw.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first hole 511 is a trapezoidal hole. By arranging the first hole 511, on one hand, because the trapezoidal hole is a small opening at one side close to the threshing chamber 1, the small opening ensures that paddy with straws is not easy to enter the first hole 511, the paddy is left in the threshing chamber 1, and the threshing chamber 1 and the threshing teeth 43 are matched with the threshing cylinder 2 for full threshing, thereby improving the threshing effect of the straws; on the other hand, one side of the trapezoidal hole, which is far away from the threshing chamber 1, is a large opening, so that the rice is prevented from being blocked at the first hole 511, the fully threshed rice rapidly passes through the first pipe 56, and the rice is collected to the concentrated area 522 so as to be convenient for later processing, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the rice straw.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a separation unit 6 is disposed below the threshing unit 5, the separation unit 6 is used for separating rice from dust, and the separation unit 6 includes a separation box 61, a rotary disc 62 and rotary blades 63; the separation box 61 is fixedly arranged on the third arc-shaped plate 54; the rotating disc 62 is rotatably connected with a motor rotating shaft; the rotating fan blades 63 are fixedly connected to the rotating disc 62; the lower surface of the separation box 61 is funnel-shaped, and a discharge hole 611 is formed in the lower surface of the separation box 61; the right side surface of the separation box 61 is provided with an ash outlet 612. In the threshing of the straws, only the straws and the rice can be separated, the shrunken rice and the dust mixed in the rice are not easy to treat, and the phenomenon is not treated in the prior art; according to the invention, by arranging the separation unit 6, when the impurity-mixed rice falls into the separation unit 6 from the third hole, the motor drives the rotating fan blades 63 to rotate, under the action of wind, the wind blows dust and flat rice mixed in the rice out of the separation box 61 from the ash outlet 612, and full and clean rice is directly collected from the discharge port 611, so that the cleanliness of the rice is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a first slot 411 is formed on the fixing plate 41; a clamping block 412 is arranged in the first groove 411, and the clamping block 412 is connected with the first groove 411 through a spring; the threshing cylinder 2 is provided with a groove matched with the clamping block 412. The threshing cylinder 2 rotates at a high speed in the threshing chamber 1, a large rotating force can be generated in the rotation, the threshing teeth 43 move repeatedly under the action of the rotating force, and the irregular movement of the threshing teeth 43 causes that the straws and the paddy cannot be fully threshed, thereby influencing the threshing effect of the straws; through setting up chucking piece 412, adjust the back according to the corn plumpness, chucking piece 412 is with fixed plate 41 chucking for straw and corn carry out abundant threshing, thereby have improved corn's threshing effect and efficiency.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a second groove 413 is formed on the fixing plate 41; no. two grooves 413 and a groove 411 are alternately distributed, No. two grooves 413 are positioned on two sides of the groove 411, a threshing knife 414 is hinged in the groove 413, and a torsion spring is arranged at the hinged position. The rice straw enters the rice harvester from the feeding hole, when the rice straw rotates to the position of the straw crushing cutter 3, the rice straw is easily wound on the fixing plate 41, so that the rice straw and the rice can not be threshed, and the threshing efficiency of the rice straw is influenced; when the threshing teeth 43 move towards one side close to the threshing chamber 1, the threshing knife 414 bounces open under the action of the torsion spring, and the threshing knife 414 cuts the straws wound on the fixed plate 41; when the threshing teeth 43 move to the side far away from the threshing chamber 1, the threshing knife 414 contracts; by arranging the threshing knife 414, on one hand, the threshing knife 414 cuts off the straws, so that the straws are threshed under the action of the threshing cylinder 2, the threshing teeth 43 and the threshing chamber 1, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straws; on the other hand, when the threshing knife 414 is unfolded, the threshing knife 414 beats the straws, thereby accelerating the rice to fall off from the straws and improving the threshing efficiency of the straws.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the threshing blade 414 has an arc-shaped surface on the side away from the fixing plate 41. One side of the threshing knife 414 is arranged to be an arc-shaped surface, when the straw is wound on the fixing plate 41, the arc-shaped surface increases the contact area of the threshing knife 414 and the straw on one hand, so that the threshing knife 414 cuts the straw more quickly, and the threshing efficiency of the straw is improved; on the other hand, the beating area of the threshing knife 414 to the straws is increased, so that the paddy can fall from the straws more quickly, and the threshing efficiency of the straws is improved.
When in use, straws enter the threshing chamber 1 from the feed inlet, and the control unit 4 is adjusted according to the plumpness of the rice; for the full straws of rice, the adjusting disc 42 is adjusted during threshing, so that the threshing teeth 43 slide to one side far away from the threshing chamber 1, the threshing teeth 43 drive the straws to rotate, when the straws rotate to the position of the straw crushing cutter 3, the straw crushing cutter 3 and the straws slide relatively, the straw crushing cutter 3 cuts off the straws during sliding, and meanwhile, the straws are threshed through the mutual matching of the threshing cylinder 2, the threshing teeth 43 and the threshing chamber 1, thereby improving the threshing efficiency and effect of the straws; for the straws with the plump rice, the adjusting disc 42 is adjusted to ensure that the threshing teeth 43 slide to one side close to the threshing chamber 1, and the threshing cylinders 2, the threshing teeth 43 and the threshing chamber 1 are matched with each other to thresh the straws, thereby improving the threshing efficiency of the straws; threshed corn carries out the secondary threshing in a hole 511 department, and threshed corn falls to the separation unit 6 department through a pipe 56, through the rotation of rotating fan blade 63, the impurity in the corn is blown by the wind and is separated separation box 61, and full clean corn is collected from discharge gate 611 to the cleanliness factor of corn has been improved.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-quality rice screening method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: harvesting rice in the rice field by using a combined rice harvester device;
step two: placing the harvested paddy in the step one in the sun for insolation to dry the paddy;
step three: carrying out hulling treatment on the rice dried in the step two;
step four: separating the husked rice from the brown rice in the third step;
step five: rice milling is carried out on the rice in the fourth step in a rice mill; meanwhile, grading the rice obtained by milling the rice to remove the heterochrome grains;
step six: putting the rice selected in the step five into a polishing machine for polishing treatment to obtain high-quality rice;
wherein, a combined rice harvester device is adopted in the first step, and comprises a threshing chamber (1), a threshing cylinder (2), a grass chopping cutter (3), a connecting block (31) and an adjusting block (32); also comprises a control unit (4); the threshing cylinder (2) is rotatably arranged in the threshing chamber (1) through a rotating shaft (11), and the outer wall of the threshing cylinder (2) and the inner wall of the threshing chamber (1) form a threshing area (12); the right upper end of the threshing chamber (1) is provided with a feeding hole; the grass chopping cutter (3) is arranged at the upper part of the opposite side of the feeding hole, the grass chopping cutter (3) is fixedly connected with the threshing chamber (1) through a connecting block (31), and one side of a sawtooth of the grass chopping cutter (3) is opposite to the threshing cylinder (2); the adjusting block (32) is positioned between the connecting block (31) and the threshing chamber (1), and the adjusting block (32) is used for adjusting the angle of the grass chopping cutter (3); the control unit (4) is arranged in the threshing cylinder (2), and the control unit (4) is used for controlling the size of the threshing area (12); wherein,
the control unit (4) comprises a fixing plate (41), an adjusting disc (42) and threshing teeth (43); the threshing teeth (43) are fixedly arranged on the fixing plate (41), and the threshing teeth (43) are used for threshing rice; the fixed plate (41) is positioned in the threshing cylinder (2), and the fixed plate (41) is circumferentially distributed around the rotating shaft (11); the adjusting disc (42) is rotatably arranged in the threshing cylinder (2), the section of the adjusting disc (42) is plum blossom-shaped, and the adjusting disc (42) is used for adjusting the fixed plate (41) to slide on the threshing cylinder (2); a threshing unit (5) is arranged at the left lower end of the threshing chamber (1); the threshing unit (5) is used for threshing rice, and the threshing unit (5) comprises a first arc-shaped plate (51), a second arc-shaped plate (52), a sleeve (53), a third arc-shaped plate (54), a connecting plate (55) and a first pipe (56); the first arc-shaped plate (51) is positioned above the second arc-shaped plate (52); the second arc-shaped plate (52) is positioned above the third arc-shaped plate (54); the sleeve (53) is used for sealing the first arc-shaped plate (51) and the second arc-shaped plate (52); the connecting plate (55) is used for connecting the second arc-shaped plate (52) and the third arc-shaped plate (54); a group of first holes (511) are formed in the first arc-shaped plate (51); a group of second holes (521) are formed in the second arc-shaped plate (52); a third hole (541) is formed in the third arc-shaped plate (54); the second hole (521) is communicated with the first hole (511) through a first pipe (56); a rice concentration area (522) is formed between the second arc-shaped plate (52) and the third arc-shaped plate (54); a first groove (411) is formed in the fixing plate (41); a clamping block (412) is arranged in the first groove (411), and the clamping block (412) is connected with the first groove (411) through a spring; a groove matched with the clamping block (412) is arranged in the threshing cylinder (2); a second groove (413) is formed in the fixing plate (41); the second groove (413) and the first groove (411) are alternately distributed, the second groove (413) is positioned at two sides of the first groove (411), a threshing knife (414) is hinged in the second groove (413), and a torsion spring is arranged at the hinged position; one side of the threshing knife (414) far away from the fixed plate (41) is an arc-shaped surface.
2. The method for screening high-quality rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first hole (511) is a trapezoidal hole.
3. The method for screening high-quality rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a separation unit (6) is arranged below the threshing unit (5), the separation unit (6) is used for separating rice from dust, and the separation unit (6) comprises a separation box (61), a rotating disc (62) and rotating fan blades (63); the separation box (61) is fixedly arranged on the third arc-shaped plate (54); the rotating disc (62) is rotationally connected with a rotating shaft of the motor; the rotating fan blades (63) are fixedly connected to the rotating disc (62); the lower surface of the separation box (61) is funnel-shaped, and a discharge hole (611) is formed in the lower surface of the separation box (61); an ash outlet (612) is formed in the right side face of the separation box (61).
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| CN111480460B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-01-11 | 扬州科丰高新产业投资开发集团有限公司 | Straw screening installation |
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