JP2013201964A - Thresher and combine harvester having the thresher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve threshing efficiency of a thresher and to make easy exchange of threshing teeth worn out by threshing work.SOLUTION: A threshing cylinder (19) is held on a shaft in a threshing chamber (15), plural threshing teeth (42) are stood on an outer peripheral surface of the threshing cylinder (19), an exhaust hole (38) exhausting exhausted dust outside is set at a rear part of the threshing chamber (15), and on the plural threshing teeth (42), chip point parts far from the axis of the threshing cylinder (19) against a base near the axis of the threshing cylinder (19) have a sweepback deflected to the rotation direction upper side of the threshing cylinder (19), and the sweepback of the plural threshing teeth (42) of the threshing cylinder (19) rear end part facing to the exhaust hole (38) is set larger than the sweepback of other threshing teeth (42).

Description

  The present invention relates to a threshing apparatus and a combine equipped with the threshing apparatus.

The handling cylinder of the threshing device mounted on the combine etc. is constructed by setting up a spiral handle on the outer periphery of the cylindrical handle, and threshing while turning the whole culm thrown by the spiral handle and moving backward send.
In the threshing apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-182653, a plurality of teeth are arranged in the front-rear direction of the corners of the frame body that is rotationally supported by the handling chamber and has a polygonal cross section, and the plane portion of the frame body Each having a plurality of plate-like members arranged obliquely with respect to the rotation direction of the frame body and arranged in the front-rear direction in a state of protruding outward, the plate-like members being adjacent to each other in the rotation direction of the frame body The threshing part is composed of a handling cylinder in which a spiral guide part is formed continuously.

JP 2011-182653 A

  In the technique described in the above-mentioned patent document, when the shavings or the like are caught on the tooth handling, the shavings are not easily detached from the tooth handling, and in particular, the tooth handling at the site corresponding to the discharge port for discharging the shavings and the like from the handling chamber. There is a possibility that the threshing processed material in the handling chamber stagnates and clogs due to the swarf entangled with the swarf, and the threshing efficiency of the threshing device is reduced.

In addition, when attaching / detaching a plurality of plate-like members arranged in the front-rear direction for each planar part of the frame body, there is a problem that the efficiency of the maintenance work is low because the planar part is attached / detached.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to increase the threshing efficiency in the threshing device and facilitate maintenance of the handling cylinder.

The problems of the present invention are solved by the following technical means.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the handling cylinder (19) is pivoted in the handling chamber (15), and a plurality of teeth (42) are erected on the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder (19). A discharge port (38) for discharging dust to the outside is provided at the rear part of the handling chamber (15), and the large number of teeth (42) have a base close to the axis of the handling cylinder (19). The distal end of the barrel (19) that is far from the axial center has a receding angle that deviates toward the upper side in the rotational direction of the barrel (19), and the rear end of the barrel (19) that faces the discharge port (38). The threshing device is set so that the receding angle of the tooth (42) is set larger than the receding angle of the other tooth handling (42).

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the teeth (42) are installed on the plurality of plates (43) along the axial center direction of the handling cylinder (19), and the plates (43) are arranged on the outer periphery of the handling cylinder (19). The threshing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the threshing apparatus according to claim 1 is configured so as to be arranged on the surface at an interval and the plate (43) is detachable from the handling cylinder (19).

  The invention according to claim 3 is the first plate (43a) in which teeth (42) are arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the drum (19) as the plate (43), and the first plate. A second plate (43b) having a smaller interval between the teeth (42) than (43a), and the first plate (43a) and the second plate (43b) are alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the handle cylinder (19). The threshing apparatus according to claim 2 arranged in the above.

  Invention of Claim 4 has the guide body (49) which guides the discharge | emission material from the said handling chamber (15) to the already-cut ground side in the lower part of the said discharge port (38). It is set as the combine provided with the threshing apparatus of 2 or Claim 3.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the axial direction of the handling cylinder (19), the retracting angle of the teeth (42) at the rear end of the handling cylinder (19) facing the discharge port (38) Since it is set larger than the receding angle of the tooth-handling (42), the sawdust caught on the tooth-handling (42) is easily detached from the tooth-handling (42) by the rotation of the tooth-handling barrel (19). Since it can discharge | emit rapidly from a handling chamber (15), clogging in a handling chamber (15) can be suppressed and the degranulation efficiency in a handling chamber (15) can be improved.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the plate (43) is configured to be detachable from the handling cylinder (19). ) Are worn out, the teeth (42) can be exchanged together, and the exchange work can be facilitated.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 2, the tooth handling of the first plate (43a) and the handling cylinder (19 than the first plate (43a)). ), The tooth-handling (42) of the second plate (43b) having a narrow interval between the tooth-handling (42) in the axial direction acts on the threshing workpiece, thereby further improving the threshing efficiency in the handling chamber (15). Can be made.

  According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect by the invention of Claim 1 or Claim 2 or Claim 3, it guides the discharge | emission material from the treatment room (15) to the mowed side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the threshing efficiency of the threshing apparatus from being reduced by the effluent adhering to the uncut grain culm and the effluent adhering when the cereal is harvested and threshed.

It is a whole side view of a general purpose combine. It is right side sectional drawing of a threshing part. It is a back sectional view of a threshing part. It is left side sectional drawing of a threshing part. It is a front sectional view of a threshing part. It is a plane sectional view of a threshing part. It is a plane sectional view of the threshing part of another example. It is front sectional drawing of the threshing part of another Example. It is front sectional drawing of the threshing part of another Example. It is a top view of a transmission lever attaching part. It is a top view of the attachment part of a threshing lever and a cutting lever.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples shown in the drawings. Front refers to the forward direction of the aircraft, and left and right refers to left and right in the forward direction.
First, the overall configuration of the general purpose combine shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

  On the vehicle body 2 having the traveling crawler 1, a mowing unit 3 that can be moved up and down is mounted at the front, and a full-throw-in type threshing unit (threshing device) 4 is mounted at the rear. An operation box 5 and a driver's seat 6 are installed on the lateral side of the feeder house 12 of the cutting unit 3, and a Glen tank 7 is installed behind the operation box 5.

  The harvesting unit 3 includes a scraping reel 8 that rakes the raised culm backward, a reaping device 9 that cuts the culm from the root, and a collecting auger 10 that collects the culm after harvesting and rakes it backward. And a feed conveyor 11 that receives the cereals scraped by the collecting auger 10 and lifts and conveys it to the threshing section 4 at the rear, and a feeder house 12 that supports the interior of the feed conveyor 11. The front part is configured to move up and down through the cutting lift cylinder 13.

  An engine is mounted below the driver seat 6, and the traveling crawlers 1, 1 are driven from the engine via a HST (hydraulic continuously variable transmission) and a transmission device in a traveling mission case. It is a configuration.

Below, the structure of the threshing part 4 is demonstrated based on FIG.2 and FIG.3. FIG. 3 is a rear view in which the threshing portion 4 is broken at a portion of a discharge port 38 described later.
A handling chamber 15 communicating with the feed conveyor 11 is provided in the upper part of the threshing section 4, and a swinging sorting device 17 is swingably installed in the sorting chamber 16 below the handling chamber 15, and swings downward from the handling chamber 15. A receiving net 18 for supplying the threshing processed material in a leaking manner is stretched on the sorting device 17.

  A handling cylinder 19 is installed in the handling chamber 15 in the front-rear direction, and handle teeth 42 are erected on the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder 19. The threshing process is carried out while being transported rearward in the trunk axis direction, and waste such as straw scraps after the threshing process is discharged out of the machine from the discharge port 23 at the end of the handling chamber.

  The handle cylinder 19 is provided with a spiral take-up spirer 22 in a tapered portion 40 having a truncated cone shape at the front portion, and a tooth-mounting attachment frame in which a handle portion 42 is erected on a cylindrical cylindrical portion 41 following the taper portion 40. (Plate) 43 is removably attached by bolts 39 at equal circumferential intervals along the longitudinal direction. The handling cylinder 19 is supported by a disk-shaped front support member 19a, an intermediate support member 19b, and a rear support member 19c attached to a handling cylinder shaft 19d, which is a rotating shaft, and the rear end portion and the cylindrical portion of the tapered portion 40 are supported. The front end portion of 41 is connected by welding or the like.

The intermediate support member 19 b is located in the vicinity of the front side of the middle plate 18 a of the receiving net 18.
The middle side plate 18a is a member located at an intermediate position (center position) in the axial center direction of the handling cylinder shaft 19d of the receiving net 18, and a part thereof enters the handling cylinder 19 side from the receiving net 18 so that the handling chamber 15 The transfer resistance is given to the threshing processed product.

  It is possible to make all the mounting pitches in the longitudinal direction of the teeth 42 erected on the teeth-mounting rail 43 equal, but as shown in FIG. 2, the interval between the teeth 42 in the axial direction of the barrel 19 is By alternately attaching the first plate 43a that is set widely and the second plate 43b in which the interval between the teeth 42 in the axial direction of the handle cylinder 19 is set narrower than the first plate 43a in the circumferential direction, The grain removal efficiency by the handling cylinder 19 can be increased. Moreover, in the threshing operation of grains that are easy to thresh, such as soybeans, if the first plate 43a or the second plate 43b is removed from the handling cylinder 19 or the first plate 43a is attached instead of the second plate 43b, the threshing load Can reduce the threshing loss and increase the work efficiency.

  In addition, in the threshing operation of grains that are difficult to thresh, if the second plate 43b is attached instead of the first plate 43a, the threshing performance is improved, and the threshing unit 4 reliably collects the grains and prevents a decrease in yield. be able to.

  In addition, the tooth-handling 42 is erected on the tooth-handling mounting bar 43 by welding or screwing. However, the tooth-handling 42 is cerealed by being provided with a receding angle (retracting angle) with respect to the rotation direction. I try not to turn. That is, the tip side (the side far from the axis of the handle cylinder 19) is biased toward the upper side in the rotation direction of the handle cylinder 19 with respect to the base side of the handle 42 (side closer to the axis of the handle cylinder 19). ing.

  Furthermore, by setting the standing receding angle (retracting angle) of the tooth handling 42 in the part of the handling cylinder 19 corresponding to the discharge port 38 to be larger than the front side (feeder compare 11 side), the threshing grain stagnation is stagnant. I try not to.

  At the upper part of the handling chamber 15, a top plate 45 composed of a horizontal surface and an inclined surface along the tip rotation trajectory of the tooth handling 42 is opened and closed in a closed state in which the handling cylinder 19 is covered from above and an open state in which it is opened. The right side edge is tightened with a plurality of bolts 47 with the plurality of hinges 46 as attachment fulcrums.

  On the inner surface of the top plate 45, a plurality of dust feeding valves 44 for guiding the threshing processed material conveyed to the upper portion of the handling chamber 15 in the backward direction as the handling cylinder 19 rotates is provided at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction. It is fixed so that they are separated from each other. The dust feed valve 44 provides a backward transfer action to the threshing product in the handling chamber 19.

  A Karatsu 20 is provided in front of and below the swing sorting device 17 provided in the lower part of the handling chamber 15, and a first recovery portion 21 is formed in the lower front side of the swing sorting device 17. A second collecting part 24 is formed on the lower side of the machine, and an external discharge port 25 is formed behind the swing sorting device 17.

  The swing sorting device 17 includes a rough sorting grain pan 29, a chaff sheave 30, and a strolac rack 31 in that order on the sheave case 28 that is driven to swing back and forth by a cam type drive mechanism 27. The grain pan 32 and the grain sheave 33 for fine sorting are deployed from the front side of the sheave case 28 in that order in the lower part of the sheave case 28.

  The sorting processed material leaked from the receiving net 18 in a state in which single grains and swarf are mixed is received by the upper grain pan 29, chaff sheave 30 or Strollac 31 and subjected to a rough sorting process by sieve sorting. In addition, the sorting processed material leaked from the chaff sheave 30 in a state where a single grain or a grain with branch stems is mixed is received by the lower grain pan 32 or the grain sieve 33, and subjected to a fine sorting process by sieve sorting. , The single processed grain as the first item is dropped into the first collecting unit 21, and the mixture such as the grain with branch branch and sawdust as the second item is dropped into the second collecting unit 24 Dust such as sawdust as No. 3 is discharged from the discharge port 25 outside the device.

  The carp 20 is driven by the engine and is driven to rotate around its rotating shaft 20a to generate a sorting wind. The sorting wind leaks from the receiving net 18, and the swing sorting device. By being supplied toward the sorted processed product selected in 17, wind sorted processing is performed on the sorted processed product, and swarf with low specific gravity is blown from the sorted processed product, so that the threshing processing direction is poor. It conveys toward the machine outside discharge port 25 on the side.

  In the No. 1 recovery unit 21, the single grain that has leaked from the grain sieve 33 of the oscillating sorter 17 in a state where dust such as straw scraps has been removed by the sorting wind from the Karatsu 20 is designated as No. 1. The collected first item is conveyed toward the lifting screw 35 (see FIG. 4) that is connected to the right end of the first screw 34 that is arranged in the left-right direction at the bottom.

The lifting screw 35 lifts the first item conveyed by the first screw 34 and supplies it to the glen tank 7 provided in the upper portion of the bagging device (see FIGS. 2 and 4).
In the second collection unit 24, the mixture such as grain or scum with branch branches flowing down from the rear end of the grain sieve 33 without leaking from the grain sieve 33 of the swing sorting device 17, and the swing sorting device 17. The mixture of branches and cereal grains leaked from the Strollac 31 and the scraps are collected as No. 2, and the No. 2 screw 36 arranged in the left and right direction at the bottom of the collected No. 2 It conveys toward the 2nd reduction | restoration screw 37 (refer FIG. 4) connected to the right end.

  The second reduction screw 37 is installed in a reduction milling cylinder 50 provided obliquely upward from the rear part to the front part of the threshing part 4, and a wide reduction port 51 is opened toward the handling chamber 15 at the upper and lower ends thereof. Yes. Threshing is again performed on the second product supplied from the reducing port 51 to the handling chamber 15.

  In another embodiment shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9, a rethreshing path 55 leading to the handling chamber 15 and a reselection path 54 leading to the sorting chamber 16 are provided at the reducing port 51, and the shutter 52 provided at the branch portion is provided with the switching lever 53. The destination of the second item can be changed by switching at. The second item to be sent to the re-sorting path 54 has a small amount of sawdust, so that the re-sorting is performed well above the Karatsu 20 of the receiving net 18.

  The out-of-machine discharge port 25 is a cereal cereal that flows down from the discharge port 38 without leaking from the receiving net 18, or swarf that has been sorted and conveyed to the rear of the oscillating sorter 17 by a sieve sorting process or a wind sorting process. At the same time, it is discharged to the outside.

  A rear cover 48 is provided so as to cover the outside outlet 25 and the outlet 38, and a guide 49 is hung on the left side of the inside so that the threshing grains and sawdust do not fall on the uncut grains. Yes.

  FIG. 10 shows a mounting structure of the main transmission lever 57 and the sub transmission lever 58 for shifting the traveling speed. The horizontal pivot shaft 59 of the sub transmission lever 58 is pivotally supported on the shaft support portion 60 and the mounting portion of the main transmission lever 57 is shown. 61 is fitted on the horizontal pivot shaft 59 and stored in a narrow space.

  FIG. 11 shows a mounting structure of the reaping lever 66 and the threshing lever 65. A rotary bracket 65a of the threshing lever 65 is externally fitted to the horizontal shaft portion 66a of the reaping lever 66, and the reaping switching groove 66b and the threshing switching groove 65b, respectively. It protrudes from.

4 Threshing unit (threshing device)
15 Handling chamber 19 Handling barrel 38 Discharge port 42 Teeth 43 Teeth mounting bar (plate)
43a First plate 43b Second plate 49 Guide body

Claims (4)

The handling cylinder (19) is mounted in the handling chamber (15),
A number of teeth (42) are erected on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder (19),
A discharge port (38) for discharging dust to the outside is provided at the rear of the handling chamber (15),
The plurality of teeth (42) have a distal end that is far from the axis of the handle (19) with respect to the base close to the axis of the handle (19) and is biased toward the upper side in the rotational direction of the handle (19). Has a receding angle to
A threshing apparatus in which the retracting angle of the tooth handling (42) at the rear end of the handling cylinder (19) facing the discharge port (38) is set larger than the retracting angle of the other tooth handling (42).   Handles (42) are installed on a plurality of plates (43) along the axial direction of the handle cylinder (19), and the plates (43) are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the handle cylinder (19) at intervals. The threshing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plate (43) is configured to be detachable from the handling cylinder (19).   As the plate (43), a first plate (43a) in which tooth handling (42) is disposed at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the handling drum (19), and tooth handling (42) than the first plate (43a). The threshing according to claim 2, further comprising a second plate (43b) having a narrow installation interval, wherein the first plate (43a) and the second plate (43b) are alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder (19). apparatus.   The threshing apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a guide body (49) that guides discharged matter from the handling chamber (15) to the already-cut ground side at a lower portion of the discharge port (38). Combine with.

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