CN111543178B

CN111543178B - Harvester is used in red bean breeding

Info

Publication number: CN111543178B
Application number: CN202010489443.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张泽燕; 张耀文; 赵雪英; 高伟; 张丽娜; 朱慧珺; 闫虎斌
Original assignee: CROP Science Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: CROP Science Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2020-06-02
Filing date: 2020-06-02
Publication date: 2022-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-02
Also published as: CN111543178A

Abstract

The invention discloses a harvester for small red bean breeding, which comprises a machine base, wherein one end of the machine base is provided with a harvesting head for harvesting small red bean straws, and a threshing box for threshing small red bean pods and a sorting box for screening and breeding small red beans are arranged above the machine base; according to the small red bean harvester, the small red bean straws are cut and harvested through the cutting knife shaft in the harvesting head, compared with the traditional manual harvesting efficiency, the harvesting efficiency is higher, the harvested small red bean pods are extruded and threshed through the threshing roller in the threshing box, the incompletely threshed small red beans and the pods are scattered and separated through the scattering blades, and the pods are intercepted through the first vibrating screen, so that the small red beans entering the classification box are cleaner, the small red beans which are proper in size and used for breeding are screened through the second vibrating screen and the third vibrating screen in the classification box screen, and the small red bean straws can be threshed, bred and screened while being harvested by the harvester, so that the small red bean harvester is time-saving, labor-saving, convenient, rapid and high in practicability.

Description

Harvester is used in red bean breeding

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a harvester for small red bean breeding.

Background

Red bean, also known as phaseolus calcaratus, phaseolus angularis and vermilion, is a mature seed of leguminous half-year-old herbaceous plant phaseolus calcaratus, is the country with the largest yield of the phaseolus angularis in the world in China, is also a main export country, is cultivated all over the country, can be eaten and used as medicine, has the effects of promoting blood circulation, enriching blood, strengthening spleen, removing dampness, inducing diuresis and reducing edema, has long application history and more formulations for inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia, removing dampness and eliminating jaundice, and has good effects of treating diseases such as acute nephritis, liver cirrhosis ascites, chicken pox, parotitis, inflammatory external hemorrhoid, skin diseases and the like as well as multiple effects of oxidation resistance, estrogen-like effect and the like;

the traditional small red bean harvesting is generally divided into manual harvesting and harvester harvesting, wherein the manual harvesting is mainly to harvest the small red bean straws by manpower firstly, then the harvested straws are put into a thresher for shelling, and finally the small red beans for breeding are manually selected, so that the harvesting efficiency is low, the manpower is consumed, and most of the existing harvesters have single function, only the small red bean straws can be harvested, but the small red beans cannot be threshed, bred and screened, and the harvesters are not convenient to use.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a small red bean breeding harvester which harvests ripe small red bean straws through a harvesting head, improves harvesting efficiency, threshes the harvested small red beans through a threshing box, saves time and labor, and sorts and screens the threshed small red beans through a sorting box, thereby facilitating the selection of the small red beans for breeding.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a harvester for small red bean breeding comprises a machine base, a cab is arranged on the machine base, a harvesting head is fixed at one end of the machine base close to the cab, a threshing box is arranged on the machine base, a threshing roller driven by a motor is arranged above the inside of the threshing box, a bracket is arranged below the threshing roller, the bottom end of the bracket is provided with a scattering blade driven by a motor, a first vibrating screen is arranged below the scattering blades, a material guide plate is arranged below the first vibrating screen, a classification box is arranged on one side of the machine base, which is far away from the cab, a second vibration screen, a third vibration screen and a fourth vibration screen are arranged in the classification box, the threshing box is communicated with the harvesting head through a first material suction pipe, the classifying box is communicated with the threshing box through a second material suction pipe, and the first material suction pipe and the second material suction pipe are respectively provided with a material suction pump.

The further improvement lies in that: the crawler wheels driven by the engine are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the machine base, and the traveling crawler belts are wrapped on the peripheries of the crawler wheels.

The further improvement lies in that: the harvesting head is internally provided with a harvesting cutter shaft driven by a motor, a rotating shaft in transmission connection with the harvesting cutter shaft is arranged above the harvesting head, rotating paddles are symmetrically fixed on the rotating shaft, and a grain poking claw is sleeved on the rotating paddles in a sliding manner.

The further improvement lies in that: the threshing box is hinged with a waste collecting door through a hinge, the waste collecting door is located above the first vibrating screen, the threshing rollers are distributed in the threshing box at equal intervals, and the threshing rollers are symmetrically fixed with extrusion strips made of rubber.

The further improvement lies in that: the second vibrating screen, the third vibrating screen and the fourth vibrating screen are sequentially distributed in the classification box from top to bottom, and the mesh number of the third vibrating screen is larger than that of the second vibrating screen and smaller than that of the fourth vibrating screen.

The further improvement lies in that: and a collecting funnel fixed on the inner wall of the classification box is arranged below the fourth vibrating screen, and a dust collecting bag is arranged at the bottom end of the collecting funnel.

The further improvement lies in that: the classifying box is hinged with a material collecting door and a dust collecting door through hinges, the material collecting door is provided with three groups and is respectively positioned above the second vibrating screen, the third vibrating screen and the fourth vibrating screen, and the dust collecting door is arranged at a position close to a dust collecting bag.

The further improvement lies in that: the top end of the cab is fixed with a sun shield, and the bottom end of the sun shield is provided with an electric fan.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention comprises a machine base, cutting and harvesting the small red bean straws by a cutting knife shaft inside a harvesting head, and pulling up the fallen straws by a reel claw above the harvesting head, thereby facilitating the cutting and harvesting, having higher harvesting efficiency and less manpower compared with the traditional manual harvesting, extruding and threshing the harvested small red bean pods by a threshing roller in a threshing box, scattering and separating the incompletely threshed small red beans and the pods by scattering blades, intercepting the pods by a first vibrating screen, thereby enabling the small red beans entering a classification box to be cleaner, intercepting larger small red beans by a second vibrating screen in the classification box, intercepting small red beans with proper size by a third vibrating screen, thereby being convenient for screening the small red beans with proper size for breeding, and simultaneously threshing and screening the small red beans by the harvester while harvesting the small red beans, time-saving, labor-saving, convenient and fast, and high practicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the harvesting head of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a threshing box according to the invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sorting bin of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a machine base; 2. a cab; 3. harvesting the head; 4. a threshing box; 5. a threshing roller; 6. a support; 7. scattering leaves; 8. a first vibratory screen; 9. a material guide plate; 10. a classification box; 11. a second vibratory screen; 12. a third vibratory screen; 13. a fourth vibratory screen; 14. a first material suction pipe; 15. a second material suction pipe; 16. a suction pump; 17. a crawler wheel; 18. a walking crawler belt; 19. harvesting the cutter shaft; 20. a rotating shaft; 21. rotating a paddle; 22. dialing the grain claws; 23. a waste collection door; 24. extruding the strip; 25. a collection funnel; 26. a dust collection bag; 27. a material receiving door; 28. a dust collection door; 29. a sun visor; 30. an electric fan.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the following examples, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

According to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 show, this embodiment provides a harvester is used in red bean breeding, including frame 1, be equipped with driver's cabin 2 on the frame 1, the one end that frame 1 is close to driver's cabin 2 is fixed with harvesting head 3 for reap the red bean straw, be equipped with threshing box 4 on the frame 1, threshing box 4 inside top is equipped with threshing roller 5 through motor drive, extrudees thresh the red bean pod through threshing roller 5, threshing roller 5 below is equipped with

support

6, 6 bottoms of support are equipped with breaks up blade 7 through motor drive, break up separation through breaking up blade 7 will thresh incomplete bean pod shell and red bean to improve threshing performance, the below of breaking up blade 7 is equipped with first vibration screen 8, intercepts the bean pod shell and makes the red bean whereabouts through first vibration screen 8, first vibration screen 8 below is equipped with stock guide 9, the small red bean harvester is characterized in that a classification box 10 is arranged on one side, far away from a cab 2, of the machine base 1, a second vibration screen 11, a third vibration screen 12 and a fourth vibration screen 13 are arranged inside the classification box 10, small red beans which are used for eating and have large particles are intercepted through the second vibration screen 11, small red beans which are used for breeding and have moderate sizes are intercepted through the third vibration screen 12, small red beans which are used for entering medicine are intercepted through the fourth vibration screen 13, the threshing box 4 is communicated with the harvesting head 3 through a first material suction pipe 14, the classification box 10 is communicated with the threshing box 4 through a second material suction pipe 15, and material suction pumps 16 are respectively arranged on the first material suction pipe 14 and the second material suction pipe 15, so that the circulation and transmission of the small red beans are facilitated.

Crawler wheels 17 driven by an engine are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the machine base 1, and a walking crawler belt 18 is wrapped on the periphery of each crawler wheel 17, so that the device can also walk on the ground in a field with uneven terrain.

The harvesting head 3 is internally provided with a harvesting cutter shaft 19 driven by a motor, a rotating shaft 20 in transmission connection with the harvesting cutter shaft 19 is arranged above the harvesting head 3, rotating paddles 21 are symmetrically fixed on the rotating shaft 20, a rice poking claw 22 is sleeved on the rotating paddles 21 in a sliding manner, and the fallen small red bean straws are poked up by the rice poking claw 22 so as to be cut and harvested.

Threshing box 4 is last to be installed through the hinge and to receive useless door 23, receive useless door 23 and be located the top of first vibration screen 8 for collect the beans pod shell, threshing roller 5 is the equidistance in threshing box 4 inside and distributes, threshing roller 5 is last to be fixed with rubber material's extrusion strip 24, avoids threshing the in-process to cause the damage to red bean.

The second vibrating screen 11, the third vibrating screen 12 and the fourth vibrating screen 13 are sequentially distributed in the classifying box 10 from top to bottom, and the mesh number of the third vibrating screen 12 is larger than that of the second vibrating screen 11 and smaller than that of the fourth vibrating screen 13, and is used for intercepting small red beans of different sizes.

A collecting funnel 25 fixed on the inner wall of the classification box 10 is arranged below the fourth vibrating screen 13, and a dust collecting bag 26 for collecting dust impurities in the small red beans is arranged at the bottom end of the collecting funnel 25.

The classifying box 10 is hinged with a material collecting door 27 and a dust collecting door 28 through hinges, the material collecting door 27 is provided with three groups and is respectively positioned above the second vibrating screen 11, the third vibrating screen 12 and the fourth vibrating screen 13, small red beans can be conveniently collected, and the dust collecting door 28 is arranged at a position close to the dust collecting bag 26, so that the dust collecting bag 26 can be conveniently and timely replaced.

A sun shield 29 is fixed at the top end of the cab 2 and used for shielding the sun of an operator, and an electric fan 30 is installed at the bottom end of the sun shield 29 and used for blowing and radiating air for the operator.

When the harvester works, the harvesting cutter shaft 19 is driven to rotate by the motor, the harvesting cutter shaft 19 drives the rotating shaft 20 in transmission connection with the harvesting cutter shaft to rotate while rotating, so that the straw is stirred by the straw stirring claw 22, the harvesting work of the harvesting head 3 is smoother, then the material suction pump 16 is started to suck the small red bean straw and bean pods in the harvesting head 3 into the threshing box 4, the threshing roller 5 is driven by the motor to operate, the scattering blades 7 and the first vibrating screen 8 are simultaneously opened, the small red bean straw and the bean pods are firstly extruded by the threshing roller 5 and then scattered, finally pure small red beans are obtained by vibration screening, then the material suction pump 16 is started to suck the threshed small red beans into the sorting box 10, then the second vibrating screen 11, the third vibrating screen 12 and the fourth vibrating screen 13 are simultaneously started to carry out vibration screening on the small red beans, and finally the material collecting door 27 is opened to collect the screened small red beans, wherein, small red beans with proper size on the third vibrating screen 12 are used for breeding, after the harvesting is finished, the waste collecting door 23 is opened to collect and treat the straws and the pod shells, and the dust collecting door 28 is opened to take out the dust collecting bag 26 and treat the collected dust impurities.

The harvester for the small red bean breeding comprises a machine base 1, small red bean straws are cut and harvested through a cutting knife shaft 19 in a harvesting head 3, and the fallen straws are pulled up through a grain pulling claw 22 above the harvesting head 3, so that the cutting and harvesting are convenient, the efficiency is higher compared with the traditional manual harvesting, the manpower is reduced, harvested small red bean pods are extruded and threshed through a threshing roller 5 in a threshing box 4, the incompletely threshed small red beans and the pods are scattered and separated through scattering blades 7, the pods are intercepted through a first vibrating screen 8, so that the small red beans entering a classification box 10 are cleaner, the large and small red beans are intercepted through a second vibrating screen 11 in the classification box 10, and the small and medium small red beans are intercepted through a third vibrating screen 12, so that the small red beans which are moderately used for breeding are screened out conveniently, the harvester can thresh, breed and screen the small red beans when harvesting the small red bean straws, is time-saving, labor-saving, convenient and fast, and has higher practicability.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a harvester is used in red bean breeding, includes frame (1), its characterized in that: the threshing machine is characterized in that a cab (2) is arranged on the base (1), one end, close to the cab (2), of the base (1) is fixed with a harvesting head (3), a threshing box (4) is arranged on the base (1), a threshing roller (5) driven by a motor is arranged above the interior of the threshing box (4), a support (6) is arranged below the threshing roller (5), scattering blades (7) driven by the motor are arranged at the bottom end of the support (6), a first vibrating screen (8) is arranged below the scattering blades (7), a guide plate (9) is arranged below the first vibrating screen (8), a classification box (10) is arranged on one side, far away from the cab (2), of the base (1), a second vibrating screen (11), a third vibrating screen (12) and a fourth vibrating screen (13) are arranged inside the classification box (10), and the threshing box (4) is communicated with the harvesting head (3) through a first suction pipe (14), the sorting box (10) is communicated with the threshing box (4) through a second material suction pipe (15), and the first material suction pipe (14) and the second material suction pipe (15) are respectively provided with a material suction pump (16);

a collecting funnel (25) fixed on the inner wall of the classifying box (10) is arranged below the fourth vibrating screen (13), and a dust collecting bag (26) is arranged at the bottom end of the collecting funnel (25).

2. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvester comprises: the crawler belt type crawler belt conveyor is characterized in that crawler wheels (17) driven by an engine are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the machine base (1), and a traveling crawler belt (18) wraps the periphery of each crawler wheel (17).

3. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvester comprises: the harvesting head (3) is inside to be equipped with through motor drive's harvesting arbor (19), harvesting head (3) top is equipped with pivot (20) of being connected with harvesting arbor (19) transmission, the symmetry is fixed with commentaries on classics oar (21) on pivot (20), slip on commentaries on classics oar (21) and cup jointed group claw (22).

4. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvester comprises: threshing box (4) are gone up and are installed useless door (23) of receipts through the hinge joint, it is located the top of first vibration screen cloth (8) to receive useless door (23), threshing roller (5) are the equidistance in threshing box (4) inside and distribute, the symmetry is fixed with extrusion strip (24) of rubber material on threshing roller (5).

5. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvester comprises: the second vibrating screen (11), the third vibrating screen (12) and the fourth vibrating screen (13) are sequentially distributed in the classifying box (10) from top to bottom, and the screen mesh number of the third vibrating screen (12) is larger than that of the second vibrating screen (11) and smaller than that of the fourth vibrating screen (13).

6. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvester comprises: the utility model discloses a dust collecting box, including categorised case (10), receive bin gate (27) and gather dust door (28) through the hinge articulated installation, receive bin gate (27) and be equipped with three groups and be located the top of second vibratory screen (11), third vibratory screen (12) and fourth vibratory screen (13) respectively, gather dust door (28) and locate the position that is close to dust bag (26).

7. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvester comprises: a sun shield (29) is fixed at the top end of the cab (2), and an electric fan (30) is mounted at the bottom end of the sun shield (29).