CN204810993U - District wheat breeding combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wheat harvesting equipment, in particular to a combined harvester for wheat breeding in small plots. It is characterized in that it includes a frame, the frame is provided with a power machine and a header device with double-layer cutters, a reel is arranged above the header device with double-layer cutters, and a feeding feeder is arranged at the rear of the reel. There is a threshing drum at the rear of the feeding auger, and the upper port of the cyclone separation and cleaning drum is connected with the miscellaneous suction fan on the frame through the miscellaneous suction pipe, and the traveling wheel and the guide wheel are set under the frame; The power machine described above drives the threshing drum, the feeding auger, the reel and the walking wheel through power transmission, and the frame is also provided with a collecting hopper and a lifting pipe corresponding to the threshing drum. It can realize the combined operation of cutting, feeding, threshing, and cleaning, improve harvesting efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and indirect losses during the operation process are small, improve the reliability of breeding test data, and meet the requirements of mechanized harvesting of wheat breeding in plots.

Description

Combined harvester for plot wheat breeding

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of wheat harvesting equipment, in particular to a combined harvester for wheat breeding in small plots.

Background technique

Breeding is a necessary means to ensure human food security, and it is of great significance to increase the income of crops. Field breeding is a huge agricultural system project, mainly including field plot sowing, plot harvesting, plot seed processing, plot test data processing and other processes, and plot harvesting of field breeding is an important link to obtain correct test results in field breeding experiments. Realizing the mechanization of wheat harvesting in field breeding of plots can greatly improve the efficiency of breeding work, reduce the labor intensity of breeding operations and liberate labor.

At present, the harvesting of wheat breeding in small plots in my country is still dominated by manual harvesting, threshing by ordinary threshers, and cleaning by cleaning machines. The comparability of test data is poor. The wheat breeding harvester in the prior art uses a combing type header to hit the wheat ear head, and part of the grains will be combed off before the ear head is cut off, resulting in a large splash loss. At the same time, a large amount of crop straw Staying in the field increases the labor intensity of follow-up field operations. The segmented harvesting method requires multiple processes of harvesting, threshing, and cleaning to achieve the result of one operation of the combine harvester, which reduces the harvesting efficiency of breeding wheat and easily leads to distortion of experimental data.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to avoid the defects of the prior art and provide a combined harvester for wheat breeding in plots, which effectively solves the problems of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: the described combined harvester for wheat breeding in a small area, which is characterized in that it includes a frame on which a power machine and a double-layer cutting knife are arranged. Device, above the header device of the double-layer cutter, a reel is arranged, and the two sides of the reel are provided with dividing boards, and the frame at the rear of the reel is provided with a feeding auger, and the rear of the feeding auger A threshing drum is provided, and a threshing drum cover is correspondingly arranged on the threshing drum. The cyclone separation and cleaning drum is arranged at the rear of the frame and connected with the threshing drum cover. The upper port of the cyclone separation and cleaning drum is connected to the The miscellaneous suction fan on the frame is connected, and there are traveling wheels and guide wheels under the frame; the power machine drives the threshing drum, feeding auger, reel and walking wheel through power transmission, and the frame also corresponds to the threshing The drum is provided with a collecting hopper and a lifting pipe.

The frame is also provided with an operating armrest, the power machine is fixed on the right side of the frame by bolts, and the header device of the double-layer cutter is arranged at the front end of the frame.

The header device of the double-deck cutter includes an upper header and a lower header, and the upper header and the lower header are equipped with a movable cutter and a fixed cutter, and the movable cutters of the upper header and the lower header are It is connected with the crank connecting rod mechanism, and the crank connecting rod mechanism is connected with the power machine. With the movement of the crank connecting rod mechanism 5, the movable cutting knife makes a reciprocating linear motion on the fixed cutting knife slideway, and the upper and lower cutting knives move at the same time to the wheat ear head and Straw for cutting.

The power output shaft of the power machine transmits the power to the threshing drum through the first V-shaped belt, and the coaxially arranged sprocket of the threshing drum is connected with the coaxially arranged sprocket of the feeding auger through the first chain to realize driving. The pulley coaxially arranged on the feeding auger is connected with the pulley coaxially arranged on the reel through the second V-belt and driven, and the sprocket arranged coaxially on the feeding auger is connected to the chain on the transition shaft through the second chain. The sprocket on the transition shaft is connected and driven by the sprocket coaxially arranged with the road wheel through the third chain.

The shell of the threshing drum includes an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell is provided with a grass outlet, the lower shell is provided with a grid-shaped concave plate, and the lower part of the lower shell is also provided with a one-way conveying small The auger concentrates the threshing mixture on one side of the hood.

The outside of the threshing drum body is provided with six groups of short-grain rod and plate teeth, and the six groups of short-grain rod and plate teeth are evenly arranged and distributed on the circumferential surface of the drum.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the combined harvester for wheat breeding in a small plot, which is equipped with a transmission mechanism, a cutting device, a feeding device, a threshing device, and a separation and cleaning device on the frame. When the harvester is working in the field, the power provided by the power machine drives the cutting device, feeding device, threshing device, and separation and cleaning device to move simultaneously through the transmission mechanism, and completes harvesting, threshing, cleaning, and straw returning to the field at one time. Dadi has improved the harvesting efficiency of breeding wheat and reduced the labor intensity of breeding operations. During the harvesting operation, the double-layer reciprocating header can be used to realize the step-by-step cutting of the breeding wheat ears and straws. On the upper header, only the wheat ears are fed to the threshing device, which improves the threshing efficiency of the harvester and reduces cleaning. Separation power consumption is selected, and at the same time, the lower header cuts off the wheat straw from the bottom and spreads it directly in the field, reducing the follow-up operation process and reducing the amount of manual work.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model structure;

Fig. 2 is the top view structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural principle diagram of the structure threshing cylinder of the utility model.

As shown in the figure: 1. Reel; 2. The second V-shaped belt; 3. Grain dividing board; 4. Upper header; 5. Crank linkage mechanism; 6. The first chain; 7. Lower header; 8. Walking wheel; 9. The third chain; 10. Miscellaneous suction fan; 11. Miscellaneous suction pipe; 12. Guide wheel; 13. Collecting hopper; 14. Lifting pipe; ;17. Power machine; 18. Lower casing; 19. Rack; 20. Upper casing; 21. Grass outlet; 22. The first V-belt; 23. The second chain; .threshing drum.

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present utility model are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

As shown in Fig. 1 to 3, described a kind of district wheat breeding combined harvester is characterized in that comprises frame 19, and described frame 19 is provided with the header device of power machine 17 and double-deck cutter, double-layer The top of the header device of the layer cutter is provided with a reel 1, the two sides of the reel 1 are provided with a grain dividing plate 3, and the frame 19 at the rear of the reel 1 is provided with a feeding auger 24, and the feeding auger A threshing drum 25 is arranged at the rear of the dragon 24, and a threshing drum cover is arranged correspondingly on the threshing drum 25. The cyclone separation and cleaning drum 15 is arranged at the rear of the frame 1 and is connected with the threshing drum cover. The cyclone separation and cleaning drum 15 The upper port is connected with the miscellaneous fan 10 arranged on the frame 19 through the miscellaneous suction pipe 11, and the traveling wheel 8 and the guide wheel 12 are arranged below the frame 19; the power machine 17 drives the threshing cylinder 25, feeding Enter the auger 24, the reel 1 and the walking wheel 8, and the frame 19 is also provided with a collecting hopper 13 and a lifting pipeline 14 corresponding to the threshing cylinder 25.

Further, the frame 19 is also provided with an operating handrail 16, the power machine 17 is fixed on the right side of the frame 19 by bolts, and the header device of the double-layer cutter is arranged on the front end of the frame 19.

Further, the header device of the described double-deck cutter comprises an upper header 4 and a lower header 7, and the upper header 4 and the lower header 7 are all provided with a moving cutter and a fixed cutter, and the upper header 4 and the lower header 7 The moving cutter of the lower cutting platform 7 is connected with the crank link mechanism 5, and the crank link mechanism 5 is connected with the power machine 17. With the movement of the crank link mechanism 5, the movable cutter performs reciprocating linear motion on the fixed cutter slideway. , the upper and lower cutters move at the same time to cut the wheat ears and straw.

Further, the power output shaft of the power machine 17 transmits power to the threshing drum 25 through the first V-shaped belt 22, and the coaxially arranged sprocket of the threshing drum 25 is coaxially arranged with the feeding auger 24 through the first chain 6. The sprocket is connected and driven, and the belt pulley provided coaxially with the feeding auger 24 is connected with the belt pulley coaxially provided with the reel 1 through the second V-shaped belt 2 and is driven. The coaxially provided belt pulley of the feeding auger 24 The sprocket is connected and driven with the sprocket on the transition shaft through the second chain 23, and the sprocket on the transition shaft is connected with the coaxially arranged sprocket of the road wheel 8 through the third chain 9 and driven.

Further, the threshing drum cover includes an upper cover 20 and a lower cover 18, the upper cover 20 is provided with a grass outlet 21, the lower cover 18 is provided with a grid-shaped concave plate, and the lower cover 18 The lower part is also equipped with a one-way conveying small auger, which concentrates the threshing mixture on one side of the casing.

Further, the outside of the threshing drum body is provided with six groups of short-grain rod and plate teeth, and the six groups of short-grain rod and plate teeth are evenly arranged and distributed on the circumferential surface of the drum.

The combined harvester for wheat breeding in small plots, when working in the field, changes the direction of the guide wheel 12 by operating the handrail 16 to control the harvesting operation, and the power output by the power machine 17 drives the rotation of the threshing cylinder through the transmission of the first V-shaped belt 22. The rotation of the drum drives the movement of the first chain 6, and at the same time, the second V-belt 2 small pulleys arranged on the first sprocket shaft also rotate, and the small pulley drives the same as the second V-belt 2 large pulleys. The rotation of the reel 1 of the shaft, at the same time, the movable cutting knives of the upper cutting platform 4 and the lower cutting platform 7 are driven to do reciprocating linear motion in the slideway of the fixed cutting knife through the crank linkage mechanism 5, and the wheat ears are cut off. , under the action of the reel 1 and the feeding auger 24, the ears of wheat are continuously transported backwards into the threshing device, threshed and transported axially under the action of the threshing drum, and the longer straws are threshed with the rotation of the threshing drum Discharged from the grass outlet 21, the remaining threshing mixture flows down from the grid-shaped concave plate of the lower casing 18 of the threshing drum, and enters the separation and cleaning cylinder 15 through the lifting pipe 14. Under the action of the miscellaneous suction fan 10, The lighter miscellaneous residue is discharged from the miscellaneous suction blower port through the miscellaneous suction pipeline 11, and the breeding wheat grain flows down along the cleaning cylinder 15 tube walls, and is collected into the collecting hopper 13 li. Simultaneously, the rotation of feeding auger 24 drives the motion of second chain 23, and the second chain 23 large sprockets drive the third chain 9 small sprockets to rotate coaxially, driving the coaxial road wheel with the third chain 9 large sprockets 8 forward movement. The harvester can realize the joint operation of cutting, feeding, threshing and cleaning, which improves the operating efficiency of the harvester and reduces the labor intensity. At the same time, the double-layer cutting platform works synchronously to crush the useless straw and scatter it directly to the ground. Here, the problem of returning straw to the field is solved.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in this utility model. within the scope of protection of utility models.

Claims (6)

1. a community wheat breeding combined harvester, it is characterized in that comprising frame, described frame is provided with the header device of engine and double-cutting knife, straw shift wheel is provided with above the header device of double-cutting knife, straw shift wheel both sides are provided with straw separating plate, the frame at straw shift wheel rear portion is provided with feeding auger, feeding auger rear portion is provided with threshing cylinder, on threshing cylinder, correspondence is provided with threshing cylinder case, cyclonic separation scourclean is arranged on frame rear portion and is connected with threshing cylinder case, cyclonic separation scourclean upper port is connected with the impurity adsorbing blower be arranged in frame by gettering pipeline, road wheel and directive wheel is provided with below frame, described engine drives threshing cylinder, feeding auger, straw shift wheel and road wheel by transmission of power, and in frame, also corresponding threshing cylinder is provided with aggregate bin and riser tubing.

2. a kind of community as claimed in claim 1 wheat breeding combined harvester, it is characterized in that: described frame is also provided with operation handrail, described engine is bolted on the right side of frame, and the header device of described double-cutting knife is arranged on frame front end.

3. a kind of community as claimed in claim 2 wheat breeding combined harvester, it is characterized in that: the header device of described double-cutting knife comprises upper header and lower cutting table, upper header and lower cutting table are all provided with dynamic cutter and determine cutter, upper header is connected with toggle with the dynamic cutter of lower cutting table, and toggle is connected with engine.

4. a kind of community as claimed in claim 1 wheat breeding combined harvester, it is characterized in that: the power take-off of described engine passes through the first V-type band by transmission of power to threshing cylinder, the sprocket wheel that threshing cylinder is coaxially arranged is connected by the sprocket wheel that the first chain and feeding auger are coaxially arranged and realizes driving, the belt wheel that feeding auger is coaxially arranged to be connected with the belt wheel that straw shift wheel is coaxially arranged by the second V-type band and to realize driving, the sprocket wheel that feeding auger is coaxially arranged to be connected with the sprocket wheel on transition axis by the second chain and to realize driving, sprocket wheel on transition axis to be connected with the sprocket wheel that road wheel is coaxially arranged by the 3rd chain and to realize driving.

5. a kind of community as claimed in claim 1 wheat breeding combined harvester; it is characterized in that: described threshing cylinder case includes upper encloser and lower encioser; upper encloser is provided with straw outlet; grid-type concave is provided with in lower encioser; lower encioser bottom is also provided with the little auger of unidirectional conveying, and threshing mixture is concentrated on case side.

6. a kind of community as claimed in claim 1 wheat breeding combined harvester, is characterized in that: described threshing cylinder external body is provided with six groups of patterns under short plate teeth, and six groups of patterns under short plate teeth are impartial arranged distribution on roll circumference surface.