CN109526363B - Carrot seed combine harvester - Google Patents
Carrot seed combine harvester Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109526363B CN109526363B CN201811627552.XA CN201811627552A CN109526363B CN 109526363 B CN109526363 B CN 109526363B CN 201811627552 A CN201811627552 A CN 201811627552A CN 109526363 B CN109526363 B CN 109526363B
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- Prior art keywords
- auger
- threshing cylinder
- transmission
- threshing
- main shaft
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- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 240000000359 Triticum dicoccon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/02—Self-propelled combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/14—Mowing tables
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
- A01F12/446—Sieving means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/46—Mechanical grain conveyors
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a carrot seed combine harvester, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and comprises a frame, a header, a threshing device, a combined conveying, separating and cleaning device, a collecting device, a travelling device and a transmission device; the header comprises a reel, an upper cutter and an auger; the upper cutter is used for cutting the head of the ear; the surface of the auger is provided with a bilaterally symmetrical spiral structure; the threshing device is a threshing cylinder; a feeding port is arranged at the bottom of the threshing cylinder; the top end of the threshing cylinder is provided with a grass discharging port, and the bottom is also provided with a discharging port; the combined conveying, separating and cleaning device comprises an inclined conveying, separating auger, a negative pressure cleaning chamber, a impurity sucking pipeline and an impurity sucking fan; one end of the inclined conveying separation auger is communicated with the discharge port, and the lower part of the other end of the inclined conveying separation auger is connected with the negative pressure cleaning chamber; the negative pressure cleaning chamber is communicated with the impurity suction fan through an impurity suction pipeline. The harvester can complete the combined operations of cutting, threshing, conveying, cleaning and the like of carrot seed plants at one time, and achieve separation to obtain clean carrot seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a carrot seed combine harvester.
Background
Carrot is one of the oldest vegetables in China, and has extremely high edible and nutritional values. As a basis for carrot production, carrot seeds determine the yield and quality of carrot planting. Carrot seed harvesting is a key step in production, and is generally performed when the inflorescence of the main bolt turns brown, the inflorescence of the first-stage side branch starts turning brown, or the inflorescence of the first-stage side branch turns brown, and the inflorescence of the second-stage side branch starts turning brown. The seed harvesting is an important link which has the greatest labor consumption and difficulty in the production process of carrot seeds and directly affects the harvesting and quality.
At present, the harvesting of carrot seeds in China is mainly finished by manpower, the production mode is lag, the labor intensity is high, the harvesting efficiency is low, and the development of the carrot breeding industry is seriously affected. In recent years, part of scientific research institutions and enterprises try to harvest carrot seeds by using the existing rice-wheat combine harvester, the loss rate, the impurity content and the seed injury rate are high, and no effective solution is found. Thus, there is an urgent need for a specialized combine suitable for carrot seed harvesting in breeding bases and farmers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the carrot seed combine harvester which can complete combined operations such as cutting, threshing, conveying, cleaning and the like of carrot seed plants at one time, realize separation of short stalks, inflorescences, pedicel, seeds, thorns and the like and obtain clean carrot seeds.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific scheme:
A carrot seed combine harvester, which is characterized in that: comprises a frame, a header, a threshing device, a composite conveying, separating and cleaning device, a collecting device, a travelling device and a transmission device; the header is hung in front of the frame and comprises two reel wheels which rotate relatively, an upper cutter for cutting the head of the ear and an auger; the upper cutter comprises a static cutter and a movable cutter, and the movable cutter makes reciprocating motion relative to the static cutter so as to cut crop heads on the whole cutting table width; the surface of the auger is provided with a bilaterally symmetrical spiral structure;
the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder; a feeding port which is communicated with the inside of the threshing cylinder is arranged at the position, opposite to the auger, of the bottom of the threshing cylinder; the top end of the threshing cylinder is provided with a grass discharging port, and the bottom is also provided with a discharge port;
The combined conveying, separating and cleaning device comprises an inclined conveying, separating auger, a negative pressure cleaning chamber, a impurity sucking pipeline and an impurity sucking fan; one end of the inclined conveying separation auger is communicated with the discharge port of the threshing cylinder, and a negative pressure cleaning chamber is connected and arranged below the other end of the inclined conveying separation auger; the negative pressure cleaning chamber is communicated with the impurity suction fan through an impurity suction pipeline; a collecting device is arranged below the negative pressure cleaning chamber;
The transmission device comprises an engine for providing power and a gearbox in transmission connection with the engine; the gearbox outputs transmission power through a horizontal output shaft and an output vertical shaft respectively; the horizontal output shaft is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the impurity-sucking fan which drives the impurity-sucking fan to rotate; the output vertical shaft is in transmission connection with a threshing cylinder main shaft which drives the threshing cylinder to rotate; the threshing cylinder main shaft changes direction through a universal joint transmission device and is in transmission connection with the inclined conveying separation auger; the threshing cylinder main shaft is also in transmission connection with a transmission vertical shaft arranged at one side of the header; the transmission vertical shaft changes direction through a bevel gear and is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the screw conveyer which drives the screw conveyer to rotate; the transmission vertical shaft drives a movable cutter of the upper cutter to do reciprocating motion through a crank-connecting rod mechanism; the transmission vertical shaft is also in transmission connection with a reel through a chain wheel; the two reel wheels realize opposite steering through a group of crossed conveyor belts.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the grain dividers are respectively arranged at the two outer sides of the reel.
As a further optimization of the scheme, a lower cutter for cutting crop stalks is arranged below the threshing cylinder; the lower cutter is in transmission connection with the threshing cylinder main shaft through a gear.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the inclined conveying separation auger comprises a guide cover, a cylindrical screen, an auger main shaft and auger blades welded on the auger main shaft; the drum screen is closed at the front section close to the threshing cylinder, and a through hole through which only seeds and light impurities pass is formed in the rear section far away from the threshing cylinder.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the walking device is a walking chassis of the walking tractor; the tail wheel is arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the frame, and the guide wheel is arranged at the bottom of the front side.
The beneficial effects are that:
The invention provides a carrot seed combine harvester which has small whole frame size and compact structure, can complete combined operations of cutting, threshing, conveying, cleaning and the like of carrot seed plants at one time, solves the mechanical problem of combined harvesting of carrot seeds, and is suitable for a carrot regional planting mode in China. The machine can realize the high-efficiency separation of short stalks, inflorescences, pedicel, seeds, thorns and the like, and clean carrot seeds are obtained, the impurity content and the seed injury rate are low, the loss rate is low, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the negative pressure cleaning chamber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power of the present invention;
Reference numerals: 1. reel wheel; 2. an upper cutter; 3. an auger; 4. a threshing cylinder; 5. a grass discharging port; 6. a discharge port; 7. a guide cover; 8. a cylindrical screen; 9. obliquely conveying the separating auger; 10. an auger spindle; 11. a negative pressure cleaning chamber; 12. a gettering pipe; 13. a gettering fan; 14. an engine; 15. a gearbox; 16. a tail wheel; 17. a guide wheel; 18. a lower cutter; 19. an output vertical shaft; 20. a threshing cylinder main shaft; 21. a transmission vertical shaft; 22. an auger spindle; 23. crank-link mechanism; 24. a universal joint transmission; 25. and a collecting device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
A carrot seed combine harvester, as shown in figures 1 and 2, comprises a frame, a header, a threshing device, a combined conveying, separating and cleaning device, a collecting device 25, a travelling device and a transmission device.
The cutting table is hung in front of the frame and comprises two reel wheels 1, grain dividers respectively arranged at two sides of the reel wheels 1, an upper cutter 2 and an auger 3. The upper cutters 2 are uniformly distributed and arranged behind the reel 1, each upper cutter 2 comprises a static cutter and a movable cutter, the static cutter is fixed, the movable cutter makes reciprocating motion relative to the static cutter to cut the crop heads, and the reciprocating motion of the movable cutter is realized by a crank-link mechanism 23 driven by a transmission device; the two reel wheels 1 rotate relatively and are used for guiding crops before cutting, supporting the crops during cutting and throwing the crops to the auger 3 after cutting; the screw conveyer 3 is arranged in front of the feeding port, and the surface of the screw conveyer is provided with a bilaterally symmetrical screw structure.
The threshing device is a vertical axial flow threshing cylinder 4, and comprises a shell, a cylinder arranged in the shell and a grid concave plate, wherein a bracket is additionally arranged on the outer side of the shell to firmly connect the cylinder shell with a frame. The top end of the threshing cylinder 4 is provided with a grass discharging port 5, and the bottom is provided with a discharging port 6; the front side of the bottom of the threshing cylinder 4 is provided with a feeding port, the feeding port is opposite to the auger 3, so that the heads cut by the upper cutter 2 on two sides of the auger 3 are gathered towards the middle part of the feeding port, and the heads of the cut crops on the whole cutting table width are pushed into the threshing cylinder 4.
A lower cutter 18 is arranged below the vertical axial flow threshing cylinder 4, and the lower cutter 18 is driven by gear transmission and is used for cutting crop stalks.
The combined conveying, separating and cleaning device comprises an inclined conveying and separating auger 9, a negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, a impurity sucking fan 13 and an impurity sucking pipeline 12. The inclined conveying separation auger 9 comprises a guide cover 7, a cylindrical screen 8, an auger main shaft 10 and spiral auger blades welded on the auger main shaft 10; the air guide sleeve 7 plays a role in conveying the mixture and is fixed on the frame; the front section of the cylinder screen 8 is closed, the rear end is provided with a hole, only seeds and some impurities can pass through, and stalks and the like are discharged out of the machine from the tail end of the inclined conveying separation auger 9; one end of the inclined conveying separation auger 9 is communicated with the discharge port 6 of the threshing cylinder 4, and a negative pressure cleaning chamber 11 is connected below the other end of the inclined conveying separation auger; as shown in fig. 3, the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11 is communicated with the impurity suction fan 13 through the impurity suction pipe 12, the seeds and the light impurities separated by the inclined conveying and separating auger 9 fall into the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, and in the process of sliding down along the inner wall of the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, under the action of the impurity suction fan 13, the lighter light impurities are sucked out along the air suction pipe 12, and the heavier seeds fall into the collecting device 25 below the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, so that the cleaning process is completed. The collecting device 25 is a collecting box, and the collecting box is fixed on the frame.
The walking part is a walking chassis of the walking tractor, the engine 14 is arranged at the rear part, the tail wheel 16 is arranged at the bottom of the rear part of the frame, and the guide wheel 17 is arranged at the bottom of the front part.
The transmission comprises an engine 14 for providing power and a gearbox 15 in transmission connection with the engine 14; the gearbox 15 outputs transmission power through a horizontal output shaft and an output vertical shaft 19 respectively; the horizontal output shaft is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the impurity-sucking fan for driving the impurity-sucking fan 13 to rotate; the output vertical shaft 19 is in transmission connection with a threshing cylinder main shaft 20 which drives the threshing cylinder 4 to rotate; the threshing cylinder main shaft 20 changes direction through a universal joint transmission device 24 and is in transmission connection with the inclined conveying separation auger 9; the threshing cylinder main shaft 20 is also in transmission connection with a transmission vertical shaft 21 arranged on one side of the header; the transmission vertical shaft 21 changes direction through a bevel gear and is in transmission connection with an auger main shaft 22 which drives the auger 3 to rotate; the transmission vertical shaft 21 also drives a movable cutter of the upper cutter 2 to do reciprocating motion through a crank-connecting rod mechanism 23; the transmission vertical shaft 21 is also in transmission connection with a reel 1 through a chain wheel; the two reel wheels 1 are turned in opposite directions by means of a set of crossed conveyor belts.
As shown in fig. 4, the power of the transmission is provided by a rear engine 14, and the power is transmitted through the engine 14 and transmitted to a gearbox 15 through belt transmission. The power transmission of the gearbox 15 is divided into two directions, and in the horizontal direction, the power of the impurity-sucking fan 13 is transmitted to an upper belt wheel of a main shaft of the impurity-sucking fan by an upper belt wheel of a horizontal output shaft of the gearbox 15, so that the impurity-sucking fan 13 is driven to rotate; in the vertical direction, the vertical shaft 19 is output through the whole machine gearbox 15 and is transmitted to the threshing cylinder main shaft 20 to drive the whole threshing cylinder 4 to rotate; the power of the inclined conveying separating auger 9 is driven by a chain wheel at the tail end of the threshing cylinder main shaft 20 to work by a universal joint transmission device 24 fixed on the frame, and the transmission direction is changed by a universal joint, so that the whole inclined conveying separating auger is driven to rotate. Meanwhile, the power of the threshing cylinder main shaft 20 is transmitted to a transmission vertical shaft 21 at one side of the header, and one part of the power is transmitted through a bevel gear at the tail end of the transmission vertical shaft 21 to change the direction and drive an auger main shaft 22 to rotate; the other part realizes the reciprocating motion of the movable knife of the upper cutter 2 through a crank-link mechanism 23 on the tail end of the driving vertical shaft 21; the reel wheels 1 are driven by a chain wheel in the middle of the driving vertical shaft 21, and opposite steering is realized between the two reel wheels 1 through a group of crossed conveyor belts.
In the working process, an engine 14 is started, crop heads are cut by an upper cutter 2 under the guidance of a reel 1 and thrown to an auger 3, the crop heads are gathered to the middle of a feeding port under the action of the auger 3, enter a vertical axial flow threshing cylinder 4, spirally move downwards from bottom under the action of the vertical axial flow threshing cylinder 4, threshing and separating are completed under the action of a threshing element, sundries such as long stems and the like are discharged out of a threshing machine from a grass outlet 5 at the top end of the threshing cylinder 4, the threshed objects such as short stems, carrot seeds and cotton wool fall into a composite conveying and separating cleaning device from a bottom outlet 6, are pushed backwards by an inclined conveying and separating auger 9, the long stems and the like are pushed out of a tail end discharging machine under the separating action of a cylindrical sieve 8, seeds and part of light sundries fall into a negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, slide down along the inner wall of the negative pressure cleaning chamber 11, and light sundries such as light cotton wool and the like are discharged out of a drum wall of a heavy carrot blower 13 along with upward air flow through a suction pipe 12 and a heavy drum wall of the suction fan 13, and the harvesting device is completed down into a harvesting device.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred examples of the present invention, and not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit or scope.
Claims (3)
1.A carrot seed combine harvester, which is characterized in that: comprises a frame, a header, a threshing device, a combined conveying, separating and cleaning device, a collecting device (25), a travelling device and a transmission device; the header is hung in front of the frame and comprises two reel wheels (1) which rotate relatively, an upper cutter (2) for cutting the head of the ear and an auger (3); the two outer sides of the reel (1) are respectively provided with a divider; the upper cutter (2) comprises a static cutter and a movable cutter, and the movable cutter makes reciprocating motion relative to the static cutter so as to cut crop heads on the whole cutting table width; the surface of the auger (3) is provided with a bilaterally symmetrical spiral structure;
The threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder (4); a feeding port which is communicated with the inside of the threshing cylinder (4) is arranged at the position, opposite to the auger (3), of the bottom of the threshing cylinder (4); the top end of the threshing cylinder (4) is provided with a grass discharging port (5), and the bottom is also provided with a discharge port (6);
The combined conveying, separating and cleaning device comprises an inclined conveying and separating auger (9), a negative pressure cleaning chamber (11), a impurity sucking pipeline (12) and an impurity sucking fan (13); one end of the inclined conveying separation auger (9) is communicated with the discharge port (6) of the threshing cylinder (4), and a negative pressure cleaning chamber (11) is connected and arranged below the other end of the inclined conveying separation auger; the inclined conveying separation auger (9) comprises a guide cover (7), a cylindrical screen (8), an auger main shaft (10) and spiral auger blades welded on the auger main shaft (10); the front section of the cylinder screen (8) close to the threshing cylinder (4) is closed, and the rear section far away from the threshing cylinder (4) is provided with a through hole through which only seeds and light impurities pass; the negative pressure cleaning chamber (11) is communicated with a gettering fan (13) through a gettering pipeline (12); a collecting device (25) is arranged below the negative pressure cleaning chamber (11);
The transmission device comprises an engine (14) for providing power and a gearbox (15) in transmission connection with the engine (14); the gearbox (15) outputs transmission power through a horizontal output shaft and an output vertical shaft (19) respectively; the horizontal output shaft is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the impurity-sucking fan for driving the impurity-sucking fan (13) to rotate; the output vertical shaft (19) is in transmission connection with a threshing cylinder main shaft (20) which drives the threshing cylinder (4) to rotate; the threshing cylinder main shaft (20) changes direction through a universal joint transmission device (24) and is in transmission connection with the inclined conveying separation auger (9); the threshing cylinder main shaft (20) is also in transmission connection with a transmission vertical shaft (21) arranged at one side of the header; the transmission vertical shaft (21) changes direction through a bevel gear and is in transmission connection with an auger main shaft (22) for driving the auger (3) to rotate; the transmission vertical shaft (21) also drives a movable cutter of the upper cutter (2) to do reciprocating motion through a crank-connecting rod mechanism (23); the transmission vertical shaft (21) is also in transmission connection with a reel (1) through a chain wheel; the two reel wheels (1) are reversely turned through a group of crossed conveyor belts.
2. A carrot seed combine harvester as in claim 1 wherein: a lower cutter (18) for cutting crop stalks is arranged below the threshing cylinder (4); the lower cutter (18) is in transmission connection with a threshing cylinder main shaft (20) through a gear.
3. A carrot seed combine harvester as in claim 1 wherein: the walking device is a walking chassis of the walking tractor; the rear bottom of the frame is provided with a tail wheel (16), and the front bottom is provided with a guide wheel (17).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201811627552.XA CN109526363B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Carrot seed combine harvester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201811627552.XA CN109526363B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Carrot seed combine harvester |
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CN109526363A CN109526363A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
CN109526363B true CN109526363B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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CN201811627552.XA Active CN109526363B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Carrot seed combine harvester |
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Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA3111847A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Roy BREWIN | Crop dust separation system |
CN115176592B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-02-09 | 河南科技大学 | Green Chinese onion seed combine harvester |
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