CN109111311A - A kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109111311A CN109111311A CN201811363695.4A CN201811363695A CN109111311A CN 109111311 A CN109111311 A CN 109111311A CN 201811363695 A CN201811363695 A CN 201811363695A CN 109111311 A CN109111311 A CN 109111311A
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- sweet potato
- organic fertilizer
- mushroom slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizers comprising the component of following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of charcoal, fermenting 40-60 parts of mushroom slag, 1-5 parts of living body yellow meal worm, 1-5 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 0.2-1 parts of desinsection microbial inoculum and 0.5-1 parts of microbial fermentation inoculum.By metering than charcoal, fermentation mushroom slag, urea and microbial fermentation inoculum to be uniformly mixed, then it ferments 30-40 days in 20-30 DEG C of overlay film, premix is obtained, living body yellow meal worm and desinsection microbial inoculum is added after cooling, stirs evenly, then it is kept in dark place 15-20 days, after mixing, bentonite is added, is then uniformly mixed again, finally crush be granulated to get.The present invention is abundant by mushroom slag organic matter, biological pest control and charcoal adsorptivity and stability combination, and the organic fertilizer preparation cost of preparation is cheap, be able to ascend soil fertility, environment-friendly high-efficiency, can kill subterranean pest-insect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer field more particularly to a kind of sweet potato special insect-proof charcoal base organic fertilizer and its preparation sides
Method.
Background technique
The characteristics of sweet potato is important tuber crops, has cereal crops and industrial crops concurrently.Sweet potato not only nutritive value
Height, also have very high medical value, as hypoglycemic, hemostasis, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, defaecation, promote longevity the effect of.
Currently, the fertilizer for growth of sweet potato is mostly inorganic fertilizer or composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, the continuous of inorganic fertilizer largely makes
With the loss of nutritional ingredient, heavy metals exceeding standard in soil is be easy to cause, soil vitality is seriously reduced, soil block is caused, influenced
Sweet potato quality and yield, and composite organic-inorganic fertilizer reduces the amount of application of inorganic fertilizer to a certain extent, and can reduce
Harm and cost that house refuse generates are handled, but such fertilizer is little for the preventive and therapeutic effect of sweet potato main diseases and insect pests, such as
The pest and disease damages such as sweet potato black rot, haulm characters and sweet potato weevil, which cause the growth of sweet potato, to be seriously affected, people's multiselect
Insecticide is learned to prevent and treat such pest and disease damage, though erosion of the pest and disease damage to sweet potato can be reduced, the quality of sweet potato is generated biggish
It influences, it is therefore desirable to find a kind of biological control method of non-toxic efficient.
Charcoal can restore rapidly the carbon nitrogen balance of soil, improve soil aggregate structure and physicochemical property.Charcoal
Multi-pore structure can grow for microbial reproduction provides " warm cubicle ", adds large specific surface area, strong adsorption force, can
Retain water and nutrients subtract nitrogen, to reach and mend charcoal with the good result of charcoal lock nitrogen, activation phosphorus potassium.It is existing researches show that: application biology
Charcoal can significantly improve the content of soil effective K, increase the K uptake of crop, and discarded biomass pyrolytic is made this explanation
Charcoal is manured into soil, and can improve the biological effectiveness of soil potassium, and sweet potato is happiness potassium crop, and sufficient potassium content is sweet potato
The guarantee of high yield.
The application of organic materials provides suitable environment for the existence and breeding of subterranean pest-insect, and if prevents and treats early period
Not in time, it will lead to insect pest to take place frequently, but currently marketed muscardine microbial inoculum insecticidal effect is limited, how to find suitable host and allows it
Mass propagation reduces production cost, and cost of labor needed for improving insecticidal effect and how reducing subsequent prevention and treatment is also worth
The problem of discussion.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency existing for sweet potato fertilizer special for organic present invention aim to address the prior art provides a kind of preparation cost
It is cheap, be obviously improved soil fertility, environment-friendly high-efficiency, the sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer that can effectively kill subterranean pest-insect
Material.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer, the component including following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of charcoal, zymophyte
40-60 parts of mushroom slag, 1-5 parts of living body yellow meal worm, 1-5 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 0.2-1 parts of desinsection microbial inoculum and microorganism
0.5-1 parts of fermenting agent；The microbial fermentation inoculum be nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria mixture.
The charcoal is that stalk or timber crack carbonization under the conditions of low-oxygen high-temperature and is formed by.It can make by oneself, it can also
With commercially available.
Further, the fermentation mushroom slag the preparation method comprises the following steps: waste material mushroom stick is carried out de- bag processing, ferment 7-10 days
Afterwards, it dries to water content 15-20%, obtains mushroom slag, then at 20-30 DEG C, decomposing agent is added into mushroom slag and is sent out
Ferment, obtained fermentation material are the mushroom slag that ferments.The mass ratio of the decomposing agent and mushroom slag is 1:40-1:60.
Further, the desinsection microbial inoculum is beauveria bassiana pulvis, beauveria bassiana wettable powder, beauveria bassiana oil
One or several kinds of combinations of suspending agent.
Further, in the microbial fermentation inoculum, the weight ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria is 1:1:1.
Above-mentioned sweet potato special bio charcoal base preparation method of organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) by metering than charcoal, fermentation mushroom slag, urea and microbial fermentation inoculum to be uniformly mixed, then in 20-
30 DEG C of overlay films ferment 30-40 days, obtain premix, spare after cooling；
(2) living body yellow meal worm and desinsection microbial inoculum are added into the premix of step (1), stirs evenly, is then kept in dark place
15-20 days, after mixing, be added bentonite, be then uniformly mixed again, finally crush be granulated to get.
Further, in step (2), the temperature being kept in dark place is 26-28 DEG C.
Further, in step (2), the partial size being granulated that crushes is 8-12mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) the present invention provides a kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizers, raw with farm crop straw organism charcoal or timber
Object charcoal is raw material, potassium element needed for the soil organism, the porosity for increasing soil can be improved, provide sweet potato；
2) present invention utilizes discarded mushroom slag, and discarded mushroom slag is turned waste into wealth by secondary fermentation, reduces
Pollution to environment, while the mushroom slag to ferment can be used as the food of yellow meal worm, be yellow meal worm survival early period create it is good
Good living environment；
3) by addition living body yellow meal worm, suitable host is provided for muscardine, to make muscardine mass propagation spore
Powder effectively improves the insect pest ability of product, and yellow meal worm is cheap, saves production cost；
4) it by being granulated, is spread fertilizer over the fields convenient for machinery, saves recruitment cost.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
It should be noted that charcoal is purchased from Shang Qiu San Li New Energy Co., Ltd. in following embodiments；Prepare zymophyte
The waste material mushroom stick of mushroom slag is provided by Yancheng City Tinghu District spring and autumn Jun Ye Specialty Co-operative Organization；The living body yellow meal worm is yellow meal worm
Mature larva is provided by Yancheng Fu Li ecologic breeding Co., Ltd；The urea is that nitrogen N content is 46%, by Nanjing chemistry work
Nitrogen fertilizer plant of industry group company provides；The bentonite is newly provided along mining industry Co., Ltd by disasters in Jianping County, Liaoning；The bacterium for killing insect
Agent is beauveria bassiana pulvis, and by Yancheng mind, pico- biotechnology company is provided；The microbial fermentation inoculum, by Borrow's base of a fruit nurse
The Chinese (Weifang) Biotechnology Co., Ltd provides；The decomposing agent that preparation fermentation mushroom slag uses, by the green health of middle peasant (Beijing) biology
Technology Co., Ltd. provides.But it is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer, the component including following parts by weight:
It 25 parts of charcoal, ferments 60 parts of mushroom slag, 2 parts of living body yellow meal worm mature larva, 8 parts of bentonite, kills by 2 parts of urea
0.2 part of entomogenous fungi agent and 1 part of microbial fermentation inoculum.The desinsection microbial inoculum is beauveria bassiana pulvis, the microbial fermentation
Microbial inoculum is the mixture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, and the weight proportion of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria is 1:1:
1。
The fermentation mushroom slag is handled the preparation method comprises the following steps: waste material oyster mushroom mushroom rod is carried out de- bag, and water content is
It is dry to water content 20% after 30%, fermentation 10 days, elegant precious mushroom mushroom slag is obtained, then at 25 DEG C, toward elegant precious mushroom mushroom slag
Middle addition decomposing agent ferments, and obtained fermentation material is the mushroom slag that ferments.The mass ratio of the decomposing agent and mushroom slag is
1:60。
The preparation method of above-mentioned sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) it was being mixed by metering than charcoal, fermentation mushroom slag, urea and microbial fermentation inoculum to be uniformly mixed
Turning, Jia Shui are carried out in journey, then covers white plastic film fermentation 30 days at 25 DEG C, obtain premix, it is spare after cooling；
(2) living body yellow meal worm and desinsection microbial inoculum are added into the premix of step (1), stirs evenly, then keeps away for 26-28 DEG C
Light saves 18 days, after mixing, bentonite is added, is then uniformly mixed again, is finally delivered to pelletizer and crushes granulation, makes
Grain partial size is 10mm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer, the component including following parts by weight:
It 30 parts of charcoal, ferments 45 parts of mushroom slag, 2 parts of living body yellow meal worm mature larva, 8 parts of bentonite, kills by 2 parts of urea
0.5 part of entomogenous fungi agent and 1 part of microbial fermentation inoculum.The desinsection microbial inoculum is beauveria bassiana pulvis, the microbial fermentation
Microbial inoculum is the mixture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, and the weight proportion of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria is 1:1:
1。
The fermentation mushroom slag is handled the preparation method comprises the following steps: waste material golden mushroom mushroom rod is carried out de- bag, and water content is
It is dry to water content 20% after 30%, fermentation 10 days, needle mushroom mushroom slag is obtained, then at 25 DEG C, toward needle mushroom mushroom slag
Middle addition decomposing agent ferments, and obtained fermentation material is the mushroom slag that ferments.The mass ratio of the decomposing agent and mushroom slag is
1:45。
The preparation method of above-mentioned sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) it was being mixed by metering than charcoal, fermentation mushroom slag, urea and microbial fermentation inoculum to be uniformly mixed
Turning, Jia Shui are carried out in journey, then covers white plastic film fermentation 30 days at 25 DEG C, obtain premix, it is spare after cooling；
(2) living body yellow meal worm and desinsection microbial inoculum are added into the premix of step (1), stirs evenly, then keeps away for 26-28 DEG C
Light saves 18 days, after mixing, bentonite is added, is then uniformly mixed again, is finally delivered to pelletizer and crushes granulation, makes
Grain partial size is 10mm.
Organic fertilizer product made from embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is subjected to detection test, detection foundation is NY/T525-2002
And GB18877-2002, test result are shown in Table 1:
The existing organic fertilizer standard in 1 China of table and embodiment 1-2 organic fertilizer testing result compare
Using test:
Implement the time: 2018, test site: the Jiangsu Province Binhai County town Jie Pai, soil nutrient status before implementing are as follows: alkaline hydrolysis
Nitrogen 30.21mg/kg, available phosphorus 17.70mg/kg, available potassium 78.00mg/kg, content of organic matter 5.76g/kg.Sweet potato variety: Soviet Union
Potato 16.
Testing program: test sets 6 groups, and every group of 3 repetitions: group (1): any fertilizer is not applied in blank control；Group (2): local
Habits fertilization applies local common Common compound fertilizer, and compound fertilizer's kind is big compound fertilizer of Nintaus, nutrient content N-P2O5-K2O
For 20-16-, dosage 40kg per acre；Group (3): 800g/ mus of beauveria bassiana pulvis are added on the basis of local habits fertilization；
Group (4): common mushroom slag is the 7 fermentation mushroom slags mentioned in patent requirements, and dosage is 400kg/ mus；Group (5) charcoal is this
The charcoal that text is mentioned, dosage are 400kg/ mus；Group (6): using organic fertilizer made from embodiment 1, dosage is 400kg/ mus；Group
(7): using organic fertilizer made from embodiment 2, dosage is 400kg/ mus；In addition to not applying fertilizer, the management such as other processing manuring lates
It is all consistent.When sweet potato rewarding, each processing is selected 500 potato wedge samples at random and is counted, and the results are shown in Table 2:
Potato wedge insect bite rank presses following standard grading: 0 grade, no insect bite, potato wedge surface is smooth；1 grade, insect bite hole has 1~2
A, insect bite depth as shallow, potato wedge surface is more smooth, does not influence potato wedge commodity rate；2 grades, insect bite hole has 3~4, in insect bite depth
Deng the visible obvious insect bite trace in potato wedge surface influences potato wedge commodity rate；3 grades, at 5 or more, insect bite depth is deeper in insect bite hole,
Seriously affect potato wedge commodity rate.Significance difference analysis is carried out to test data using DPS data processing system.
Insect bite rate=[the total potato wedge number of (1 grade of+3 grades of potato wedge number of+2 grades of potato wedge number potato wedge number)/investigation] × 100%
Commodity rate=[the total potato wedge number of (+1 grade of potato wedge number of 0 grade of potato wedge number)/investigation] × 100%
Control efficiency=[(check plot insect bite rate-treatment region insect bite rate)/check plot insect bite rate] × 100%
Table 2
As shown in Table 2: 1. under same beauveria bassiana pulvis dosage, and for embodiment 1 compared with group (3), insect bite rate is obvious
Decline illustrates that embodiment 1 has significant vermins-proof effect compared to beauveria bassiana is singly applied；The insect prevention of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
Effect is higher by group (3) 95.28% and 109.63% respectively.Embodiment 1 and the commodity rate of 2 potato wedge of embodiment are not applied also significantly greater than
Fertilizer processing and local habits fertilization.2. singly applying mushroom slag and charcoal has significant volume increase effect compared to local habits fertilization
Fruit, but embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 increase production 6.59% and 9.04% compared to mushroom slag is singly applied respectively.Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
Increase production 11.34% and 13.91% respectively compared to charcoal is singly applied.Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 have good anti-in summary
Worm effect and production-increasing function.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for protection scope of the present invention, not office
Be limited to this, anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, technology according to the present invention
Scheme and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that the component including following parts by weight: charcoal 20-30
Part, ferment 40-60 parts of mushroom slag, 1-5 parts of living body yellow meal worm, 1-5 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 0.2-1 parts of desinsection microbial inoculum with
And 0.5-1 parts of microbial fermentation inoculum；The microbial fermentation inoculum be nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria mixture.
2. sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation side of the fermentation mushroom slag
Method are as follows: waste material mushroom stick is subjected to de- bag processing, it is dry to water content 15-20% after fermentation 7-10 days, mushroom slag is obtained, so
Afterwards at 20-30 DEG C, decomposing agent is added into mushroom slag and ferments, obtained fermentation material is the mushroom slag that ferments.
3. sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the matter of the decomposing agent and mushroom slag
Amount is than being 1:40-1:60.
4. sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the desinsection microbial inoculum is the white deadlock of ball spore
One or several kinds of combinations of bacteria powder, beauveria bassiana wettable powder, beauveria bassiana oil-suspending agent.
5. the sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer as described in any one of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that the microorganism hair
In yeast-like fungi agent, the weight ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria is 1:1:1.
6. any one of claim 1 to the 5 sweet potato special bio charcoal base preparation method of organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that including such as
Lower step:
(1) by metering than charcoal, fermentation mushroom slag, urea and microbial fermentation inoculum to be uniformly mixed, then at 20-30 DEG C
Overlay film ferments 30-40 days, obtains premix, spare after cooling；
(2) living body yellow meal worm and desinsection microbial inoculum are added into the premix of step (1), stirs evenly, 15-20 is then kept in dark place
It, after mixing, be added bentonite, be then uniformly mixed again, finally crush be granulated to get.
7. sweet potato special bio charcoal base preparation method of organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that in step (2), be protected from light
The temperature of preservation is 26-28 DEG C.
8. sweet potato special bio charcoal base preparation method of organic fertilizer as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that in step (2),
The partial size being granulated that crushes is 8-12mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811363695.4A CN109111311A (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | A kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201811363695.4A CN109111311A (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | A kind of sweet potato special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110683914A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-14 | 山东富农生态农业科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method for producing biological bacterial fertilizer by using pleurotus eryngii fungus residues |
| CN112028705A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-12-04 | 河南省元泰丰生物科技有限公司 | Biological insect-expelling organic fertilizer with carbon powder as matrix and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112028705A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-12-04 | 河南省元泰丰生物科技有限公司 | Biological insect-expelling organic fertilizer with carbon powder as matrix and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190101 |