CN109106989A - 一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯‑纳米银‑聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,将硝酸银固体溶于二甲基甲酰胺中,超声振荡溶解,滴加到聚氨酯溶液中搅拌,倒入模具中,烘干制得聚氨酯‑纳米银抗菌薄膜;将聚氨酯‑纳米银抗菌薄膜放入六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液中,搅拌加热,通入氮气保护,加催化剂混匀,密封反应后,取出,用甲苯反复冲洗薄膜,加入到聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液中,搅拌加热,通氮气保护,加催化剂密封反应,取出,索式提取,回流清洗,真空干燥得表面接枝聚乙二醇的聚氨酯薄膜;将疏水二氧化硅和聚二甲基硅氧烷分散于乙醇中,将表面接枝聚乙二醇的聚氨酯薄膜在其中浸渍,在烘箱中处理,得超疏水聚氨酯‑纳米银‑聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域,具体涉及一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法。
背景技术
微生物与人类的活动密切相关,在有人类的地方就会有微生物的活动。它是一把双刃剑,在给人类活动带来利益的同时也带来严重的破坏。从古代的银铜器到近代人工合成的有机抗菌材料和无机抗菌材料,对于有害微生物-细菌的防治与灭杀一直是人类活动卫生保健方面的工作要点。目前我国抗菌制品涉及到家电、建材、纺织、轻工、医疗、航空等多个行业,具体产品有抗菌冰箱、抗菌涂料、抗菌涂层服装、抗菌导管等千余种。而抗菌导管在医疗服务行业中的作用最能体现其抗菌的意义所在。
近年来,随着医疗技术的发展,医用介入导管应用越来越广泛,大大提高了治疗水平。而作为医用介入导管首选材料聚氨酯由于其具有良好的生物相容性和优异的物理机械性能,广泛应用在医疗服务行业中的产品上,如血管内导管、输液袋、敷料等。但是作为一种侵入性的器械,特别是血管内导管,随之而来的是引发一系列的感染。这些感染不仅给患者带来极大的痛苦,而且还消耗了大量的卫生资源极易带来医疗事故和造成巨大的经济损失。为此,要从源头上解决这一难题,就需要赋予血管内导管持久、优良的抗菌性能。
聚氨酯具有优异的物理机械性能和相对良好的血液相容性,因此被广泛应用
于医疗器械,如导管、心脏辅助装置、人工心脏、心血管生物材料、血液透析设备,中心静脉导管、静脉注射袋等等。但是在一些聚氨酯植入人体后发现微观血栓和微栓子,因此聚氨酯的血液相容性无法满足长期植入人体的要求。所以必须对聚氨酯生物医用设备进行表面修饰,来提高它们的血液相容性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,依照该方法制作的医用导管聚氨酯抗菌薄膜具有持久、优异的抗菌性能、抗黏附性和超疏水性能。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜的制备:
将1.5-5份硝酸银固体溶于溶剂二甲基甲酰胺中,超声振荡溶解完全,滴加到聚氨酯溶液中,搅拌30-35min后,倒入模具中,在50-60℃烘箱中烘干,制得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜;
(2)聚氨酯薄膜表面接枝聚乙二醇:
将(1)中所得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜放入六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液中搅拌,加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺混合均匀,密封反应2-3h后,取出,用甲苯反复冲洗薄膜,加入到聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液中,搅拌加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺,密封反应20-24h,取出,以甲苯为清洗剂索式提取,在80-85℃下回流清洗15-18h后,在40-45℃下真空干燥10-12h;
(3)超疏水聚氨酯薄膜的制备:
将5-10份疏水二氧化硅和0.1-0.2份聚二甲基硅氧烷分散于45-55份乙醇中,将(2)中所得表面接枝聚乙二醇的聚氨酯薄膜在其中浸渍30-35min后,在105-115℃烘箱中处理50-70min,制得超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜。
进一步的,步骤(1)中向30-50份医用聚氨酯中1:9-10加入二甲基甲酰胺,置于50-60℃烘箱中溶解完全,制得聚氨酯溶液。
进一步的,步骤(2)中六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液的浓度为10%;将4-8份聚乙二醇溶解于甲苯中,形成聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:
(1)用热处理原位还原法制备了具有抗菌性能的聚氨酯-纳米银薄膜,并且随着硝酸银含量的增加,其抗菌性能也增加;经过修饰后的聚氨酯-纳米银薄膜的的电导率更小,即银离子在水溶液中的释放速率变慢。
(2)在聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜表面接枝聚乙二醇,先用六亚甲基二异氰酸酯使聚氨酯表面异氰酸酯化,再通过化学接枝的方法将聚乙二醇接枝到聚氨酯薄膜的表面;由于流动性和亲水性的聚乙二醇,形成水合聚乙二醇可以防止蛋白质和血小板粘附。
(3)通过简单浸渍法,在聚氨酯薄膜表面修饰疏水二氧化硅,制备了超疏水聚氨酯薄膜,对表面接枝聚乙二醇的聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜进行疏水表面修饰,使薄膜的Ag+的释放速率减慢,达到长效抗菌的目的。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜的制备:
将1.5-5份硝酸银固体溶于溶剂二甲基甲酰胺中,超声振荡溶解完全,滴加到聚氨酯溶液中,搅拌30-35min后,倒入模具中,在50-60℃烘箱中烘干,制得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜;
(2)聚氨酯薄膜表面接枝聚乙二醇:
将(1)中所得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜放入六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液中搅拌,加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺混合均匀,密封反应2-3h后,取出,用甲苯反复冲洗薄膜,加入到聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液中,搅拌加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺,密封反应20-24h,取出,以甲苯为清洗剂索式提取,在80-85℃下回流清洗15-18h后,在40-45℃下真空干燥10-12h;
(3)超疏水聚氨酯薄膜的制备:
将5-10份疏水二氧化硅和0.1-0.2份聚二甲基硅氧烷分散于45-55份乙醇中,将(2)中所得表面接枝聚乙二醇的聚氨酯薄膜在其中浸渍30-35min后,在105-115℃烘箱中处理50-70min,制得超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜。
进一步的,步骤(1)中向30-50份医用聚氨酯中1:9-10加入二甲基甲酰胺,置于50-60℃烘箱中溶解完全,制得聚氨酯溶液。
进一步的,步骤(2)中六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液的浓度为10%;将4-8份聚乙二醇溶解于甲苯中,形成聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液。
实施例2
一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜的制备:
将1.5-5份硝酸银固体溶于溶剂二甲基甲酰胺中,超声振荡溶解完全,滴加到聚氨酯溶液中,搅拌30-35min后,倒入模具中,在50-60℃烘箱中烘干,制得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜;
(2)聚氨酯薄膜表面接枝聚乙二醇:
将(1)中所得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜放入六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液中搅拌,加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺混合均匀,密封反应2-3h后,取出,用甲苯反复冲洗薄膜,加入到聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液中,搅拌加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺,密封反应20-24h,取出,以甲苯为清洗剂索式提取,在80-85℃下回流清洗15-18h后,在40-45℃下真空干燥10-12h;
(3)超疏水聚氨酯薄膜的制备:
将5-10份疏水二氧化硅和0.1-0.2份聚二甲基硅氧烷分散于45-55份乙醇中,将(2)中所得表面接枝聚乙二醇的聚氨酯薄膜在其中浸渍30-35min后,在105-115℃烘箱中处理50-70min,制得超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜。
进一步的,步骤(1)中向30-50份医用聚氨酯中1:9-10加入二甲基甲酰胺,置于50-60℃烘箱中溶解完全,制得聚氨酯溶液。
进一步的,步骤(2)中六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液的浓度为10%;将4-8份聚乙二醇溶解于甲苯中,形成聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液。
按照本发明方法制作的医用导管聚氨酯抗菌薄膜具有持久、优异的抗菌性能、抗黏附性和超疏水性能,接触角为153-158℃。
Claims (3)
1.一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜的制备:
将1.5-5份硝酸银固体溶于溶剂二甲基甲酰胺中,超声振荡溶解完全,滴加到聚氨酯溶液中,搅拌30-35min后,倒入模具中,在50-60℃烘箱中烘干,制得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜;
(2)聚氨酯薄膜表面接枝聚乙二醇:
将(1)中所得聚氨酯-纳米银抗菌薄膜放入六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液中搅拌,加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺混合均匀,密封反应2-3h后,取出,用甲苯反复冲洗薄膜,加入到聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液中,搅拌加热至50-55℃,通入氮气保护,加入2-3%催化剂三乙胺,密封反应20-24h,取出,以甲苯为清洗剂索式提取,在80-85℃下回流清洗15-18h后,在40-45℃下真空干燥10-12h;
(3)超疏水聚氨酯薄膜的制备:
将5-10份疏水二氧化硅和0.1-0.2份聚二甲基硅氧烷分散于45-55份乙醇中,将(2)中所得表面接枝聚乙二醇的聚氨酯薄膜在其中浸渍30-35min后,在105-115℃烘箱中处理50-70min,制得超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中向30-50份医用聚氨酯中1:9-10加入二甲基甲酰胺,置于50-60℃烘箱中溶解完全,制得聚氨酯溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用导管超疏水聚氨酯-纳米银-聚乙二醇抗菌薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的甲苯溶液的浓度为10%;将4-8份聚乙二醇溶解于甲苯中,形成聚乙二醇的甲苯溶液。
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