CN109056386A - 一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂及应用 - Google Patents

一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂及应用 Download PDF

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CN109056386A
CN109056386A CN201810563227.5A CN201810563227A CN109056386A CN 109056386 A CN109056386 A CN 109056386A CN 201810563227 A CN201810563227 A CN 201810563227A CN 109056386 A CN109056386 A CN 109056386A
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wool fabric
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吴栋标
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JIANGYIN XINGWU WOOL FABRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
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    • D06P1/64General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06P1/38General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
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    • D06P3/16Wool using acid dyes

Abstract

本发明公开了一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂,包括表面活性剂20~30%、聚乙二醇40~50%、吡咯烷酮羧酸钠8~10%、柠檬酸5~10%,余量为水。本发明还公开了一种使用此低温染色助剂对羊毛织物染色的方法,本发明在染色过程中没有加入额外的酸调节剂,降低了染色对羊毛织物纤维强力的损伤度,提高了上色率和色牢度,同时简化了染色工艺,减少印了染废水的产生,能耗低,缩短染色时间,提高了生产效率。

Description

一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂及应用
技术领域
本发明属于纺织印染加工领域,具体涉及一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂及应用。
背景技术
羊毛纤维具有优良的性能,深受广大消费者的喜爱,然而羊毛纤维表面鳞片层的存在,传统羊毛织物染色是在长时间的高温沸染下完成的,造成羊毛纤维的损伤,物理性能发生变化,手感粗糙,弹性变差,鲜艳度降低,影响羊毛产品的质量,同时长时间沸染,能耗大,不利于环境保护,染色成本高。为了克服这些缺点,早在50年代,国外就有人开始对羊毛低温染色进行探索。到目前为止,已提出的羊毛低温染色法有:溶剂助剂法、尿素法、甲酸法、低温染色助剂法、生物酶处理法等。目前使用较多的是低温染色助剂法,但是很多羊毛低温染色方法由于工序复杂、设备投资成本高等问题,严重影响生产环境而限制了其在工业上的大量使用。
中国专利201310232949.X公开了一种采用离子液预处理的羊绒低温染色方法,虽然提高了染色后羊绒强力,降低染色对纤维造成的损伤,但是它存在浴比大,产生废水多,上色度低下等问题。中国专利201610332829.0公开了一种羊毛面料印染工艺,虽然降低了染色工艺中的浴比,提高了羊毛面料上色度,但是印染工序复杂,加入的醋酸铵或硫酸铵作为释酸剂,虽然能够起到稳定色浆的作用,但是会引起色光变暗和泛黄现象;醋酸铵或硫酸铵的加入直接导致印染废水中氨氮总量升高,印染废水的化学需氧量增大。水体中氨氮含量高,会引起地表水富营养化,导致水体中蓝藻及水草等生物大量繁殖,对水体水质造成严重影响,且氨氮对养殖业存在着毒害作用,会对人体造成严重危害。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,提供一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂及应用,该工艺操作简单,降低了染色对纤维的损伤,改善了羊毛面料上色率,提高了色牢度,印染安全环保,同时简化了印染工艺步骤,耗能低。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂,其特征在于按重量百分比包含:表面活性剂20~30%、聚乙二醇40~50%、吡咯烷酮羧酸钠8~10%、柠檬酸5~10%,余量为水。
优选地,所述表面活性剂为N-长链酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十二烷基-N-羟乙基-N-(甲酰胺基乙基)铵基乙酸盐、氧化十八烷基二甲铵、十二烷基二羟乙基甜菜碱中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述表面活性剂为N-十二烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十三烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十四烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十五基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十六烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十七烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十八烷基酰基谷氨酸盐中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述聚乙二醇的分子量为200~600。
优选地,所述羊毛织物低温助剂于密封容器中储存,储存温度为40℃及以下。
一种羊毛织物低温染色工艺,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1:配置染液,启动搅拌桨,将元明粉、渗透剂、分散剂、低温染色助剂依次加入水中,常温搅拌溶解,得预染液,将消泡剂溶液喷洒于预染液表面,加入染料,搅拌均匀得染液,浴比为1∶20~1∶30,元明粉加入量为羊毛织物重量的7~9%,渗透剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1~2%,分散剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的0.4~0.6%,低温染色助剂加入量为2~4%;消泡剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1~2%;
S2:染色,将待染色的羊毛织物置于染液中,染液的初始温度为20~40℃,以1~3℃的速度升温至70~80℃,保温30min;
S3:后处理,将织物由染缸内取出,清洗、烘干。
优选地,所述染料为酸性染料、中性染料或活性染料中的一种,染料加入量为羊毛织物重量的1~10%。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于:
本发明提供的羊毛织物低温染色助剂,一方面使羊毛纤维膨化充分溶胀,降低染料向纤维内部扩散的空间阻力,有利于染料向纤维表面吸附和向纤维内部扩散,另一方面改变了染料在染浴中的存在状态,使染料与被染纤维表面之间具有相近的表面张力,因而两者之间的界面张力小,可在较低温度下染色达到较高温度染色的效果。羊毛织物低温染色过程中没有加入额外的酸调节剂,降低了染色过程对纤维的损伤,染工艺安全无毒,提高了上色率和色牢度,羊毛纺织品匀染性好,光泽和服用性能均有所改善,同时简化了生产工艺,减少印染废水的产生,能耗低,缩短染色时间,提高了生产效率。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
按上述工艺步骤:选用羊毛织物作为待染色的羊毛织物,染料为酸性染料。
S1:配置染液,启动搅拌桨,将元明粉、渗透剂、分散剂、低温染色助剂依次加入水中,常温搅拌溶解,得预染液,将消泡剂溶液喷洒于预染液表面,加入染料,搅拌均匀得染液,浴比为1∶20,元明粉加入量为羊毛织物重量的7,渗透剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1%,分散剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的0.4%,低温染色助剂加入量为2%;消泡剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1%。
S3:染色,将待染色的羊毛织物置于染液中,染液的初始温度为30℃,以2℃的速度升温至70~80℃,保温30min;
S3:处理,将织物取出,清洗、烘干,得成品。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的不同之处在于,配置染液过程中没有加入低温染色助剂。
实施例3
按上述工艺步骤:选用羊毛织物作为待染色的羊毛织物,染料为中性染料。
S1:配置染液,启动搅拌桨,将元明粉、渗透剂、分散剂、低温染色助剂依次加入水中,常温搅拌溶解,得预染液,将消泡剂溶液喷洒于预染液表面,加入染料,搅拌均匀得染液,浴比为1∶25,元明粉加入量为羊毛织物重量的8%,渗透剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1.5%,分散剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的0.5%,低温染色助剂加入量为3%;消泡剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1.5%。
S2染色,将待染色的羊毛织物置于染液中,染液的初始温度为20℃,以3℃的速度升温至70~80℃,保温30min;
S3:处理,将织物取出,清洗、烘干,得成品。
实施例4
实施例4与施例3的不同之处在于,配置染液过程中没有加入低温染色助剂。
实施例5
按上述工艺步骤:选用羊毛织物作为待染色的羊毛织物,染料为毛用活性染料。
S1:配置染液,启动搅拌桨,将元明粉、渗透剂、分散剂、低温染色助剂依次加入水中,常温搅拌溶解,得预染液,将消泡剂溶液喷洒于预染液表面,加入染料,搅拌均匀得染液,浴比为1∶30,元明粉加入量为羊毛织物重量的9%,渗透剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的2%,分散剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的0.6%,低温染色助剂加入量为4%;消泡剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的2%。
S2染色,将待染色的羊毛织物置于染液中,染液的初始温度为40℃,以1℃的速度升温至70~80℃,保温30min;
S3:处理,将织物取出,清洗、烘干,得成品。
实施例6
实施例6与实施例5的不同之处在于,配置染液过程中没有加入低温染色助剂。
在相同的检测标准下,分别检测本发明实施例1-6染色后的羊毛织物的上染率、K/S值、强力、耐摩擦牢度、耐水洗牢度。
表1实施例1~6实验结果数据
从实验结果对比数据可知,经本发明方法对羊毛织物线进行染色,其染色上染率、K/S值、强力、耐摩擦牢度、耐水洗牢度均提高。
低温助剂改变了染料在染浴中的存在状态,使染料与被染纤维表面之间具有相近的表面张力,因而两者之间的界面张力小,能显著提高染料与被染纤维间的亲和力,并能使染料分子被纤维均匀地吸附,获得了优良的匀染效果。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂,其特征在于按重量百分比包含:表面活性剂20~30%、聚乙二醇40~50%、吡咯烷酮羧酸钠8~10%、柠檬酸5~10%,余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为N-长链酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十二烷基-N-羟乙基-N-(甲酰胺基乙基)铵基乙酸盐、氧化十八烷基二甲铵、十二烷基二羟乙基甜菜碱中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为N-十二烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十三烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十四烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十五基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十六烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十七烷基酰基谷氨酸盐、N-十八烷基酰基谷氨酸盐中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂,其特征在于,所述聚乙二醇的分子量为200~600。
5.根据权利要求1~4述的一种羊毛织物低温染色助剂,其特征在于,所述羊毛织物低温助剂于密封容器中储存,储存温度为40℃及以下。
6.一种羊毛织物低温染色工艺,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1:配置染液,启动搅拌桨,将元明粉、渗透剂、分散剂、低温染色助剂依次加入水中,常温搅拌溶解,得预染液,将消泡剂溶液喷洒于预染液表面,加入染料,搅拌均匀得染液,浴比为1∶20~1∶30,元明粉加入量为羊毛织物重量的7~9%,渗透剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1~2%,分散剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的0.4~0.6%,低温染色助剂加入量为2~4%,消泡剂加入量为羊毛织物重量的1~2%;
S2:染色,将待染色的羊毛织物置于染液中,染液的初始温度为20~40℃,以1~3℃的速度升温至70~80℃,保温30min;
S3:后处理,将织物由染缸内取出,清洗、烘干。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种羊毛织物低温染色工艺,其特征在于:所述染料为酸性染料、中性染料或活性染料中的一种,染料加入量为羊毛织物重量的1~10%。
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