CN109043555A - 一种高血糖患者食用的特殊食品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高血糖患者食用的特殊食品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109043555A CN109043555A CN201811096553.6A CN201811096553A CN109043555A CN 109043555 A CN109043555 A CN 109043555A CN 201811096553 A CN201811096553 A CN 201811096553A CN 109043555 A CN109043555 A CN 109043555A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高血糖患者食用的特殊食品,该产品以多种可以降低高血糖患者血糖的甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、益生元、“药食同源之中药”复方的提取物为主要原料,以短肽、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、脂肪粉、酵母菌为辅料,添加复合维生素、复合矿物质精制而成的特殊食品;利用生物缓释技术,既保证了糖尿病者餐后血糖的稳定,又避免了低血糖的危害;而且能补充基本的营养素,改善营养不均衡或过剩的现状,并以可食用的降糖因子影响机体胰岛素的分泌,保肝,益肾,强体,在不影响肠道正常菌群的基础上从而控制血糖,从而达到标本兼治的效果;此外,本发明还提供了一种高血糖患者食用的特殊食品的制备方法;本发明制备的特殊食品,适合高血糖人群食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药食同源类配方与食品技术领域,具体是将“甘蔗渣或抗性糊精”和“益生元、药食同源之中药”有机结合起来,以短肽、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、脂肪粉、酵母菌为辅料,添加复合维生素、复合矿物质混合而成的一种高血糖患者的特殊食品及其制备方法。
背景技术
正常情况下,人体能够通过激素调节和神经调节这两大调节系统确保血糖的来源与去路保持平衡,使血糖维持在一定水平;但是在遗传因素(如糖尿病家族史)与环境因素(如不合理的膳食、肥胖等)的共同作用下,两大调节功能发生紊乱,就会出现血糖水平的升高;近些年来,随着经济的发展、人们生活水平的提高,饮食热量摄入高、运动少、饮食结构不合理等多种原因导致高血糖患者越来越多;短时间、一次性的高血糖对人体无严重损害;比如在应激状态下或情绪激动、高度紧张时,可出现短暂的高血糖;一次进食大量的糖类,也可出现短暂高血糖,随后,血糖水平逐渐恢复正常;然而长期的高血糖会使全身各个组织器官发生病变,导致急慢性并发症的发生,如失水、电解质紊乱、营养缺乏、抵抗力下降、肾功能受损、神经病变、眼底病变、心脑血管疾病、糖尿病足等;因此,预防和治疗高血糖势在必行;此外,高血糖的患者还经常合并高血压、高血脂、高血黏度等问题,所以也应需要给与患者相应的治疗;
研究证明中医脾与胃肠道正常菌群之间存在着十分密切的关系,高血糖与肠道菌群的失调密切相关,脾虚证是反映机体脾胃生理机能不足的综合征,当机体肠胃功能异常时,肠道的微生态系统会受到严重的破坏,大肠杆菌等条件性病原菌大量增殖,双歧杆菌、乳杆菌等益生菌数量显著下降;同时菌群失调又反过来影响机体对营养物质的吸收,降低机体免疫力,削弱肠道的屏障功能,进一步加重疾病,中医传统医学认为“脾(即消化系统)为后天之本”,肠胃健康是健康之本,人体营养的99%需要靠肠道吸收,肠内疾病也是万病之源;但随着年龄越大,肠道中有益菌群比例逐渐减少;如双岐杆菌在婴幼儿时期占98%,到中年时降至10%,65岁以后仅占5%;人越老,益生菌越少,肠道功能也随之逐渐下降,越来越多的研究显示,正常菌群在人体消化、免疫和抗病等方面有诸多不可替代的作用;肠道菌群组成的改变与多种疾病,特别是肠道疾病的发生发展密切相关,而从已有临床研究发现:益生菌能起到调节肠道菌群,控制肠道炎症作用,是一种安全有效的干预调节方法;
现代医学研究认为高血糖的发生主要与以下几种机制有关:
1.胰腺β细胞不能分泌足够的胰岛素,α细胞分泌胰高血糖素过多;2.外周组织包括肝脏、肌肉和脂肪组织存在胰岛素抵抗;3.肠道吸收、肠道菌群和肠道影响血糖控制激素,导致其异常;4.肾脏过度地回吸收糖;5.神经系统对糖代谢的调节异常;
目前常用的降糖药虽然可以快速降低血糖,但是它也给身体带来许多不可逆的副作用,比如肝肾功能损伤、白细胞下降、腹胀等;因降糖药在肝脏内代谢,由肾脏排泄,所以许多肝肾功能不全的高血糖患者不宜使用;而市场上适合高血糖患者的特殊食品及其制备方法也存在许多问题:成本高,效果低,口感差,营养素摄入配比不合理,维生素、矿物质缺乏等,不利于患者的长期食用;
发明目的
本发明的目的在于提供一种适合高血糖患者食用的特殊食品及加工方法,具备不仅能补充基本的营养素,改善营养不均衡或过剩的现状,并以可食用的降糖功能因子辅助控制血糖,达到标本兼治的效果;
本发明的目的是开创性的以多种可以降低高血糖患者血糖的甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、益生元、“药食同源之中药”复方的提取物为主要原料,以短肽、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、脂肪粉、酵母菌为辅料,添加复合维生素、复合矿物质精制而成的特殊食品,利用生物缓释技术,既保证了糖尿病人餐后血糖的稳定,又避免了低血糖的危害;而且能补充基本的营养素,改善营养不均衡或过剩的现状,并以可食用的降糖因子影响机体胰岛素的分泌,保肝,益肾,强体,在不影响肠道正常菌群的基础上从而控制血糖,从而达到标本兼治的效果。
发明内容
本研发团队根据高血糖患者的体质特征,采用甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、益生元及两种以上药食两用的中药提取物精华为主要原料,以短肽、麦或米粉、奇亚籽、脂肪粉、酵母菌为辅料,添加复合维生素、复合矿物质精制而成的特殊食品,利用生物缓释技术,既保证了糖尿病人餐后血糖的稳定,又避免了低血糖的危害;而且可作为高血糖患者的营养需求,还具有降血糖、护肝、健脾、益肾、提高免疫力功效;
本发明的主要成分
1.甘蔗渣或抗性糊精
甘蔗渣含有丰富的膳食纤维,日本亚健康研究所提供的蔗渣纤维粉中水溶性纤维含量≥88%,可以改善肠内环境,增加双歧杆菌数量;同时降低高血糖及甘油三酯量;抗性糊精属于低分子水溶性膳食纤维,抗性糊精具有抗消化酶作用特性,由于在消化道中不会被消化吸收,可以直接进入大肠,因此,它发挥着膳食纤维的各种生理作用,因为其高消化耐受性、低血糖指数、低胰岛素指数、低热量、易溶解等特性,可起到降血糖、降血脂作用;抗性糊精有助于促进肠道双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌等有益菌增值,还会产生大量短链脂肪酸,比如乙酸、醋酸、叶酸等,通过改变肠道PH值改善人体肠道环境,从而加快肠道蠕动,减少便秘;
2.益生元
以促益生菌肠道定植、肠道收敛、降低肠道pH环境,也不被大多数的肠道腐败菌利用,同时可以促进人体内有益细菌——乳杆菌、双歧杆菌的生长繁殖,从而可以抑制腐败菌生长,有助于改善和维持肠道正常功能;长期食用可以延缓衰老、通便、提高免疫力、减轻肝脏负担、提高营养素的吸收率,特别是能够改善机体对钙、铁、锌等金属离子的吸收;可选择性地促进有益菌(双歧、乳酸)的生长繁殖外,还可代谢为酸性产物如乳酸等有机酸,使结肠内pH值降低,抑制肠道有害细菌的生长;使小肠内水电解质滞留在肠腔,产生高渗效果,刺激肠蠕动引起缓泻,从而促进肠道内毒素及其他毒性物质的排出,乳果糖还可直接灭活肠道中内毒素、降低肠道pH值,已广范应用于增强儿童抵抗力的治疗;
本发明所述的益生元是指低聚异麦芽糖、水苏糖、低聚果糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚木糖、菊粉其中的一种、几种或全部混合;
3. 中药提取物是根据高血糖患者的体质特征从中医理论中的肝、脾、肾三脏同调为主原则,利用药食两用中草药中的功能因子调节机体功能增强抵抗力,并选取以下几大类药物进行配伍;其中白背三七清热凉血,散瘀消肿;诺丽果天然抗氧化剂,具有抗氧化活性和保护心肌细胞作用,可调节受损心肌细胞能量代谢,延缓心力衰竭进程;黄精补气养阴,健脾,润肺,益肾;玉米须消肿,利尿,降糖,降压;薏苡仁富含淀粉及人体所需的多种氨基酸,具有健脾利湿、清热排脓等功效;葛根生津止渴,健脾止泻;大麦苗粉含有丰富的膳食纤维,润肠通便,抑制餐后血糖值迅速升高;山楂降血脂,降血压,抗脑血;山药不仅用于治疗肾虚病症,还用于治疗高血压、糖尿病、哮喘、神经衰弱和腰痛等病症;
本发明所述的中药提取物是指白背三七、诺丽果浆、黄精、玉米须、薏苡仁、葛根、大麦苗、山楂、山药、沙棘、桑叶、枸杞子其中的2种以上或全部,通过用水浸泡60min-100min后加入纤维素酶、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶以及淀粉酶,酶用量1mg/g底物,pH值为4.0-5.0,在50-80℃酶解1-3h,料液比1:15,运用生物酶解技术提取中药精华后,经喷雾干燥而制备成粉状物质的提取混合物;
4.短肽
即为低聚肽,是指利用生物酶工程技术从动物或植物蛋白中分离提取的一类小分子蛋白质,其平均分子量在1000Dalton以下,易溶于水,对酸、热稳定,可以不需经过消化而直接吸收,生物利用率高,在吸收和利用上优于游离的氨基酸和完整的蛋白质,可应用于蛋白质补充食品中,尤其对于消化吸收能力低下的人群,短肽是极佳的氮源,除营养功能外,短肽还具有一系列的生理活性功能:提高小肠的消化吸收功能, 增强机体免疫力,抗氧化,辅助调节血糖,辅助调节血脂,辅助降血压,抗辐射, 促进矿物质吸收, 增强药食两用中草药中功能因子的作用效果;
本发明所述的短肽是指海洋鱼低聚肽、海洋骨原肽、大豆蛋白肽、乳清蛋白肽、卵白蛋白肽、小麦低聚肽其中一种、几种或全部混合;
5.脂肪粉
脂肪,俗称油脂,由碳、氢和氧元素组成;它既是人体组织的重要构成部分,又是提供热量的主要物质之一;食物中的脂肪在肠胃中消化,吸收后大部分又再度转变为脂肪;它主要分布在人体皮下组织、大网膜、肠系膜和肾脏周围等处;脂肪是由甘油和脂肪酸组成的三酰甘油酯,其中甘油的分子比较简单,而脂肪酸的种类和长短却不相同;脂肪酸分三大类:饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸;脂肪的来源可分下述二种:动物性来源:动物体内贮存的脂肪:如猪油、牛油、羊油、鱼油、骨髓、肥肉、鱼肝油等;动物乳中的脂肪:如奶油等;植物性来源:植物性脂肪来源主要是从植物中的果实内提取,如芝麻、葵花子、茶生、核桃、松籽、黄豆等;
本发明所述的脂肪是指MCT粉、α-亚麻酸、亚油酸、玉米油、大豆油、花生油、葵花籽油、橄榄油、亚麻籽油、胚芽油及亚麻籽其中的一种、几种或全部混合;
6.维生素和矿物质
维生素和矿物质是人体必需的营养素,本发明中添加的维生素为维生素和矿物质是人体必需的营养素;
本发明中添加的维生素为维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K、维生素K1、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、叶酸、泛酸、胆碱、生物素其中的一种、几种或全部混合;
本发明中添加的矿物质为钙、磷、钾、钠、镁、氯、铁、锌、硒、铜、锰、碘、氟、铬、钼其中的一种、几种或全部混合,本发明所述的矿物质添加为该矿物质的有机或无机化合物;
本发明中添加的维生素矿物质混合物,是严格按照等量递增法原则,特定混合工艺进行混合得到的混合物;混合速率为12-15r/min,混合时间为20-40min;
7.制作时先将白背三七、诺丽果浆、黄精、玉米须、薏苡仁、葛根、大麦苗、山楂、山药、沙棘、桑叶、枸杞子通过用水浸泡60min-100min后加入纤维素酶、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶以及淀粉酶,酶用量1mg/g底物,pH值为4.0-5.0,在50-80℃酶解1-3h,料液比1:15,提取中药精华后经喷雾干燥而制备成粉状混合物;再添加生物酶解提取的益生元、甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、短肽、脂肪粉、酵母菌进行第一次混合,混合时间为20-40min,混合速率为30-45r/min;再添加经过严格特定混合工艺(混合速率为12-15r/min,混合时间为20-40min)的复合维生素及矿物质进行巴氏灭菌1小时后得到混合均匀的粉状的制剂工艺;
本配方特殊食品的特性及其对机体的作用主要表现在以下几个方面:
1.本发明依据胰岛素抵抗营养病理学原理,通过营养底物设计,减少淀粉含量,添加膳食纤维素和抗炎成分等功能营养素,在优化营养结构的同时,达到特定医学目标;
2.具有高效吸收性,利用本发明配方,各种组分采用适宜的比例搭配制备的食品,经一定量水溶解后呈等渗状态,能快速通过胃到达小肠,吸收快速、完全,可以迅速补充高血糖患者所需营养;
3.本发明配方中采用各种药食两用中草药的提取物,含有多种功能活性成分,不仅提高了功能因子的浓度,减少各种杂质的摄入,有助于减轻肝肾负担,具有增强人体抵抗力的作用,还有有降血压、降血脂、减肥及提高免疫力及提高免疫力功效;
4.本发明配方中所含的益生元及酵母菌,通过促进肠内益生菌的生长繁殖,抑制腐败菌的生长,同时在肠粘膜表面形成一道保护屏障,可以抵御肠道腐败菌对肠粘膜的损伤,减少肠内有害物质的吸收,还可以促进肠道蠕动,加速肠内残留物质的排出,而且通过促进肠道益生菌的生长繁殖也可以增强机体免疫力,短肽、碳水化合物与活性多糖等生物活性物质具有协同作用;
5.本发明配方食品以多种来源的食源性生物活性短肽为氮源,因为短肽不需消化即可吸收,更有利于机体的利用,可以有效改善高血糖患者负氮平衡,而且食源性短肽能够改善肠粘膜上皮细胞的结构和功能,提高肠粘膜的吸收能力;
6.本发明配方中所含的麦或米粉是为人体提供热能的三种主要的的营养素,在体内可迅速氧化及时提供能量,避免将宝贵的蛋白质用来提供能量,碳水化合物也是细胞膜的糖蛋白、神经组织的糖脂以及传递遗传信息的脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的重要组成成分,而且碳水化合物中含有的糖原,当其在肝内储备充足时,肝细胞对某些有毒的化学物质和各种致病微生物产生的毒素有较强的解毒能力;
7.本发明配方食品含多种维生素和矿物质,可迅速补充肥胖人群所需的微量营养素,短肽通过与钙、铁、锌等的螯合后,更增加了矿物质元素的吸收率。
具体实施方式
下面通过以下实施例对本发明作进一步说明,它将有助于理解本发明;
实现本发明目的高血糖患者食用的特殊食品是以多种可以降低高血糖患者血糖的甘蔗渣或抗 性糊精、益生元、“药食同源之中药”复方的提取物为主要原料,以短肽、麦或米粉、亚麻 籽、脂肪粉、酵母菌为辅料,添加复合维生素、复合矿物质精制而成的特殊食品;益生元选 自低聚异麦芽糖、水苏糖、低聚果糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚木糖、菊粉的一种或几种;短肽选 自海洋鱼低聚肽、海洋骨原肽、大豆蛋白肽、乳清蛋白肽、卵白蛋白肽、小麦低聚肽的一种 或几种;脂肪选自MCT粉、α-亚麻酸、亚油酸、玉米油、大豆油、花生油、葵花籽油、橄榄油、亚麻籽油、胚芽油的一种或几种;维生素预混料选自维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维 生素K1、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、叶酸、泛酸、胆 碱、生物素等中的一种或几种;矿物质预混料选自钙、磷、钾、钠、镁、铁、锌、硒、铜、 锰、碘、氟、铬、钼等中的一种或几种;
本发明的制造工艺是以2种以上或全部药食同源原料通过用水浸泡60min-100min后加入纤维 素酶、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶以及淀粉酶,酶用量1mg/g底物,pH值为4.0-5.0,在50-80℃ 酶解1-3h,料液比1:15,提取中药精华后经喷雾干燥而制备成粉状混合物;再添加生物酶 解提取的益生元、甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、短肽、脂肪粉、酵母菌进行第一次混合,混合时间为20-40min,混合速率为30-45r/min;再添加经过严格特定混合工艺(混合速率为12-15r/min,混合时间为20-40min)的复合维生素及矿物质进行巴氏灭菌1小时后得到混合均匀的粉状的制剂工艺;
实施例一
选择如下的配方及比例制成混合用于高血糖患者食用的特殊食品:按下列原料及其用量进行 配方——以甘蔗渣或抗性糊精35%,益生元20%,药食两用的提取物15%(提取物比例为:白 背三七10%、诺丽果浆10%、黄精10%、玉米须10、薏苡仁10%、葛根10%、大麦苗10%、山 楂10%、山药5%、沙棘5%、桑叶5%、枸杞子5%)为主要原料;以麦或米粉7%,亚麻籽6%, 短肽5%,脂肪5%,酵母菌3%为辅料;添加复合维生素2%,复合矿物质2%;
制作时先将白背三七、诺丽果浆、黄精、玉米须、薏苡仁、葛根、大麦苗、山楂、山药、沙棘、桑叶、枸杞子全部用水浸泡60min后加入纤维素酶、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶以及淀粉酶, 酶用量1mg/g底物,pH值为4.0,在50℃酶解3h,料液比1:15,提取中药精华后经喷雾干 燥而制备成粉状混合物;
其次添加甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、益生元、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、短肽、脂肪粉、酵母菌进行第一 次混合,混合时间为20min,混合速率为45r/min;
再次添加经过严格特定混合工艺(混合速率为12r/min,混合时间为40min)的复合维生素及 矿物质混合后进行巴氏灭菌1小时,得到混合均匀的粉状的制剂工艺;
实施例二
选择如下的配方及比例制成混合用于高血糖患者食用的特殊食品:按下列原料及其用量进行 配方——以甘蔗渣或抗性糊精44%,益生元15%,药食两用的提取物15%(提取物比例为:白 背三七20%、诺丽果浆10%、黄精10%、薏苡仁10%、葛根10%、大麦苗10%、山楂10%、山药 5%、沙棘5%、桑叶5%、枸杞子5%)为主要原料;以麦或米粉7%,亚麻籽6%,短肽5%,脂肪 3%,酵母菌3%为辅料;添加复合维生素1%,复合矿物质1%;
制作时先将白背三七、诺丽果浆、黄精、薏苡仁、葛根、大麦苗、山楂、山药、沙棘、桑叶、枸杞子全部用水浸泡80min后加入纤维素酶、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶以及淀粉酶,酶用量1mg/g底物,pH值为4.0,在60℃酶解2h,料液比1:15,提取中药精华后经喷雾干燥而制备成粉 状混合物;
其次添加甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、益生元、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、短肽、脂肪粉、酵母菌进行第一 次混合,混合时间为30min,混合速率为35r/min;
再次添加经过严格特定混合工艺(混合速率为15r/min,混合时间为20min)的复合维生素及 矿物质混合后进行巴氏灭菌1小时,得到混合均匀的粉状的制剂工艺;
实施例三
选择如下的配方及比例制成混合用于高血糖患者食用的特殊食品:按下列原料及其用量进行 配方:以甘蔗渣或抗性糊精30%,益生元17%,药食两用的提取物15%(提取物比例为:白背 三七20%、诺丽果10%、黄精10%、薏苡仁10%、葛根10%、大麦苗10%、山楂10%、山药5%、 沙棘5%、桑叶5%、枸杞子5%)为主要原料;以麦或米粉10%,亚麻籽9%,短肽7%,脂肪4%, 酵母菌4%为辅料;添加复合维生素2%,复合矿物质2%;
制作时先将白背三七、诺丽果浆、黄精、薏苡仁、葛根、大麦苗、山楂、山药、沙棘、桑叶、枸杞子用水浸泡100min后加入纤维素酶、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶以及淀粉酶,酶用量1mg/g底物,pH值为5.0,在80℃酶解1h,料液比1:15,提取中药精华后经喷雾干燥而制备成粉状 混合物;
其次添加甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、益生元、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、短肽、脂肪粉、酵母菌进行第一 次混合,混合时间为40min,混合速率为30r/min;
再次添加经过严格特定混合工艺(混合速率为13r/min,混合时间为30min)的复合维生素及 矿物质混合后进行巴氏灭菌1小时,得到混合均匀的粉状的制剂工艺;
经过长期使用发现对于高血糖患者的身体有很好的调理作用;2018年已通过上海交通大学、 中国人民解放军总医院、浙江中医药大学、上海中医药大学等单位分别申报国家及北京的重 点研发计划项目,项目中将进行临床研究;
(1)将上述实施例中制备好的特殊食品粉末制成面食,针对超重/肥胖D2M(Type 2Diabetes Mellitus)患者,以减少内脏脂肪、改善胰岛素抵抗为目标,在结构化膳食模式基础上,设 计3种不同膳食模式结合不同运动强度的……,开展多中心RCT干预研究,实现6个月内减重10%~15%,评价营养运动协同增效长疗程干预方案的适应性;
超重/肥胖D2M患者多中心营养运动协同增效12个月干预研究;
入组300例35~65岁超重/肥胖D2M患者;
入组标准:24≤BMI<35,男性腰围90≤腰围<115cm,女性腰围85≤腰围<110cm,6.5%≤HbA1c<8%;
排除条件:D2M并发症、甲状腺疾病、使用肾上腺皮质激素、关节疾病与运动功能障碍等;
实验方案:所有受试者随机分为2组,每组150例;组1为主食全替代+结构化运动处方;组2为主食半替代+结构化膳食+结构化运动处方;
随访与观察指标:研究期间每4周随访1次,采集膳食调查信息、人体测量指标。在试验结 束期间采集血液相关指标;
(2)针对骨骼肌量少的消瘦/正常体重D2M患者,以增加骨骼肌量、改善胰岛功能为目标, 设计具有抗氧化、增强免疫、改善肠道菌群等功能的药食同源、益生菌组合和蛋白质组件添 加,开展多中心RCT干预研究,评价长疗程干预方案的适应性;
消瘦/正常体重D2M患者联合6个月干预方案研究;
入组300例35~65岁消瘦/正常体重的D2M患者;
入组标准:BMI<24,男性腰围<85cm,女性腰围<80cm,6.5%≤HbA1c<8%;
排除条件:D2M并发症、甲状腺疾病、关节疾病与运动功能障碍等;
实验方案:所有受试者随机分为2组,每组150例;组1为主食全替代+结构化运动处方;组 2为主食半替代+结构化膳食+结构化运动处方;
随访与观察指标:研究期间每4周随访1次,采集膳食调查信息、人体测量指标;收集试验 结束时相关生化指标。
Claims (2)
1.一种高血糖患者食用的特殊食品及其制备方法,其特征在于其原料成分含量包括以重量计的下列组分:以甘蔗渣或抗性糊精(30%-60%),益生元(10%-45%)(低聚异麦芽糖、水苏糖、低聚果糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚木糖),药食两用的提取物(15%-25%)(提取物比例为:白背三七10%-20%、诺丽果浆10%-20%、黄精10%-20%、玉米须10%-20%、薏苡仁5%-20%、葛根5%-20%、大麦苗5%-20%、山楂5%-20%、山药5%-20%、沙棘5%-20%、桑叶5%-20%、枸杞子5%-20%)为主要原料;以麦或米粉(10%-39%),亚麻籽(2%-30%),短肽(2%-20%)(海洋鱼低聚肽、海洋骨原肽、大豆蛋白肽、乳清蛋白肽、卵白蛋白肽、小麦低聚肽),脂肪粉(1%-6%)(MCT粉、α-亚麻酸、亚油酸、亚麻籽油、胚芽油),酵母菌(1%-6%)为辅料;添加维生素预混料(0.5%-2%)(维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K1、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、叶酸、泛酸、胆碱、生物素);矿物质预混料(0.5%-2%)(钙、磷、钾、钠、镁、铁、锌、硒、铜、锰、碘、氟、铬、钼);
制作时先将白背三七、诺丽果浆、黄精、玉米须、薏苡仁、葛根、大麦苗、山楂、山药、沙棘、桑叶、枸杞子用水浸泡60min-100min后加入纤维素酶、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶以及淀粉酶,酶用量1mg/g,pH值为4.0-5.0,在50-80℃酶解1-3h,料液比1:15,运用生物酶解技术提取中药精华后,经喷雾干燥而制备成粉状物质的提取混合物;再添加生物酶解提取的益生元、甘蔗渣或抗性糊精、麦或米粉、亚麻籽、短肽、脂肪粉、酵母菌进行第一次混合,混合时间为20-40min,混合速率为30-45r/min;再添加经过严格特定混合工艺(混合速率为12-15r/min,混合时间为20-40min)的复合维生素及矿物质进行巴氏灭菌1小时后得到混合均匀的粉状的制剂工艺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高血糖患者食用的特殊食品,还包括以重量计的下列组分:药食两用的提取物——白背三七、诺丽果浆、黄精、玉米须、薏苡仁、葛根、大麦苗、山楂、山药、沙棘、桑叶、枸杞子,其中2种以上或全部混合;
所述的益生元是指低聚异麦芽糖、水苏糖、低聚果糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚木糖、菊粉其中的一种、几种或全部混合;
所述的蛋白短肽是指海洋鱼低聚肽、海洋骨原肽、大豆蛋白肽、乳清蛋白肽、卵白蛋白肽、小麦低聚肽其中一种、几种或全部混合;
所述的脂肪粉是指MCT粉、α-亚麻酸、亚油酸、共轭亚油酸、玉米油、大豆油、花生油、葵花籽油、橄榄油、亚麻籽油、胚芽油其中的一种、几种或全部混合;
所述的维生素预混料是指维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K1、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、叶酸、泛酸、胆碱、生物素其中的一种、几种或者全部混合;
所述的矿物质预混料是指钙、磷、钾、钠、镁、铁、锌、硒、铜、锰、碘、氟、铬、钼其中的一种、几种或者全部混合。
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