CN109042421A - A kind of method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species - Google Patents
A kind of method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species Download PDFInfo
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- CN109042421A CN109042421A CN201811238953.6A CN201811238953A CN109042421A CN 109042421 A CN109042421 A CN 109042421A CN 201811238953 A CN201811238953 A CN 201811238953A CN 109042421 A CN109042421 A CN 109042421A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A kind of method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species, it is related to a kind of method that juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species.The present invention is to solve current Long Zhao salt marshes area commodity crab farming technical problems at high cost.The present invention: the one, selection of aquaculture pond；Two, slope shape circular groove is dug；Three, the water source of brackish water and fresh water is established；Four, inlet channel and drainage ditch set up two sets of canalizations respectively；Five, bottom of pond turns over rake；Six, it rinses saline and alkaline；Seven, natural bait is cultivated；Eight, juvenile crab Rational Stocking；Nine, scientific management: the process of method of the invention achievable " juvenile crab → 1 age crab species ", to solve the problems, such as that 1 the self-supporting of age crab species creates favorable conditions in scale commodity culture of Chinese mitten crab.1 age crab species yield of method cultivation of the invention is 2034.7kg/hm2, convert into 22.99 ten thousand/hm2, the survival rate that estimation juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species is 17.61%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species.
Background technique
The cultivation of 1 age crab species is most important link during commodity culture of Chinese mitten crab.With the quick hair of crab farming
Exhibition, is also continuously increased the demand of 1 age crab species.The imperial natural pond sabkha of West in Jilin Province is located in the river Huo Lin downstream flood plain, always
15.19 ten thousand hm of area2, it is one of important Marsh Wetland type in China, being put into " Chinese mire will ", (national marsh is unified to compile
Number be 220882-037).Long Zhao salt marshes area is the main culturing area of Jilin Province commodity river crab, and yield is more than the whole province
70%, since implementation cultivating river crab exploitation in 2006, cultured area develops to 3.67 ten thousand hm at present2, it is super to put 1 age crab species year in a suitable place to breed
Cross 1,000,000 kg.These 1 age crab species overwhelming majority are purchased from Liaoning Panjin, and another part is purchased from In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, only transports into
Originally more than 2,000,000 yuan.It can be seen that solving the problems, such as the crab species self-sufficiency of 1 age, it has also become Long Zhao salt marshes area or even entire Jilin
Save the key and urgent need of western commodity crab farming cost efficiency and sustainable and healthy development.
From juvenile crab cultivation to the process of commodity crab are as follows: juvenile crab → I phase son crab → II phase son crab → III phase son crab → 1 age crab species
→ commodity crab.It is limited by various conditions, seedlings of milieu crab production can only carry out at present in coastal and offshore area, and hinterland is also
It cannot achieve.In the river crab history of life, III phase son crab is important stage of development, seedlings of milieu crab production between juvenile crab and 1 age crab species
Since production of units 1 age crab species also all putting III phase son crab in a suitable place to breed.
From the point of view of the suitability of water environment, during commodity culture of Chinese mitten crab, " juvenile crab → I phase son crab → II phase son crab →
III phase son crab " process, the water environment for being suitable for from brackish water (salinity 1g/L~10g/L) be gradually decreased to fresh water (salinity 1g/L with
Under)；" III phase son crab → 1 age crab species → commodity crab " process, the water environment for being suitable for are fresh water.It is shown according to Regional Hydrologic data,
Long Zhao salt marshes area underground brackish water and freshwater resources all very abundants, but not yet develop and use at present.Implemented in recent years
Technique in Western Jilin Province " draw tender (Nenjiang) and enter white (Baicheng) ", the hydraulic engineerings such as river and lake connection, and keep the earth's surface in the salt marshes area light
Water resources quantity dramatically increases.These are all formed 1 age crab species for imperial natural pond salt marshes juvenile crab and provide salty, water source of fresh water guarantee.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve current Long Zhao salt marshes area commodity crab farming technical problems at high cost, and provide
A kind of method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species.
The method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology of the invention forms 1 age crab species carries out according to the following steps:
One, aquaculture pond selects: selecting the area for 0.75hm2~1.5hm2Natural sabkha wetland Region as aquaculture pond；
Half meter lower than ground level of the topography of the natural salt marshes or more；The vegetation coverage of the natural salt marshes is more than
80% and biomass in 1kg/m2More than；The underground shallow layer brackish water water yield of well of the natural salt marshes is 100m3/
24h；The underground deep layer fresh water water yield of well of the natural salt marshes is 80m3/24h；
Two, it digs slope shape circular groove: digging the slope annular ditch of a circle, aquaculture pond inside center close to pool side inside aquaculture pond
Non- slope annular ditch region be vegetation-covered area；The bottom surface of the slope annular ditch is slope shape and the center by aquaculture pond
It is tilted to pool side, slope is horizontal by 6 °~10 °；The width of the slope annular ditch along the horizontal plane is 5m~10m, annular
The depth of water of ditch lowest point is 1.2m~1.5m；
Three, the water source of brackish water and fresh water is established: the region outside the aquaculture pond of step 1 selection and close to aquaculture pond
It is each to make a call to a shallow water motor-pumped well and deep water motor-pumped well, the water in well is extracted respectively as brackish water water source and water source of fresh water, builds earth's surface
Fresh water water-drawing channel makes underground brackish water, fresh groundwater and surface fresh water three complement one another as water source of fresh water；Described is shallow
The depth of water dispenser well is 10m, and the depth of deep water motor-pumped well is 60m~100m；
Four, inlet channel and drainage ditch set up two sets of canalizations respectively, for draining and intaking；
Five, bottom of pond turns over rake: in 10~April 15 April of current year, as the soil defrosting 5cm~10cm at aquaculture pond bottom,
Implementation machinery turns over rake and cultivation bottom of pond is turned over rake, promotes soil nutrient release, culture natural bait；
Six, it rinses saline and alkaline: in 20~25 April of current year, when turning over the aquaculture pond subsoil earth defrosting 20cm or more harrowed,
1st injection fresh water to vegetation-covered area to the depth of water is 10cm~15cm, is discharged after impregnating 1 week, the 2nd note after 3 days~5 days
Enter fresh water to vegetation-covered area to depth of water 20cm~25cm, is discharged after impregnating 7 days~10 days；
Seven, natural bait is cultivated: in 10~May 15 May of current year, after rinsing saline and alkaline water discharge, to aquaculture pond
The depth of water for filling brackish water to vegetation-covered area is 15cm~20cm, applies fermentation maturity muck 15t/hm2~22.5t/hm2, 1
Zhou Houzai is applied 1 time and dosage is 7.5t/hm2~9.0t/hm2, while filling brackish water 10cm~15cm；
Eight, juvenile crab Rational Stocking: as wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass 3000/L of > in water body
Put juvenile crab, breeding density 5kg/hm in a suitable place to breed2~10kg/hm2；
Nine, scientific management:
As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤3000/L in water body, 1 is respectively splashed in every morning and afternoon
Secondary soya-bean milk 20kg/hm2~30kg/hm2；As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤2000/L in water body, feed
Juvenile crab special compound feed, the throwing amount of feed are 5%~8% of juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond；When water plant biomass is low
In 1.5kg/m2When, feed 1 age crab species special compound feed, the throwing amount of feed be juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond 5%~
8%；
After juvenile crab shell metamorphosis is I phase son crab, brackish water 15cm~20cm, fresh water 5cm~10cm are filled, and keeps planting
The depth of water of coating cover region is 30cm~40cm, and water environment salinity is 3g/L~5g/L；
After metamorphosis is II phase son crab, brackish water 5cm~10cm, fresh water 15cm~20cm are filled, and keep vegetative coverage
The depth of water in area is 40cm~50cm, and water environment salinity is 1g/L~3g/L；
After metamorphosis is III phase son crab, filling fresh water to the vegetation-covered area depth of water is 60cm~80cm, and water environment salinity
In 1g/L or less；
Draining and diversion are to change every 1 week water 1 time, pump bottom water, then fill new water, change water 1/4 or 1/3 every time；
After the completion of 1 age Growth, carry out disinfection to aquaculture pond；The disinfection way is cleaned up the pond for natural decontamination, specifically
Drain the water in pond for the autumn in current year, kill enemy and pathogen using severe winter, the second year beginning of spring thaw before again by bottom of pond
Vegetation burn-up, prepares for the cultivation of second year.
The process of method of the invention achievable " juvenile crab → 1 age crab species ", to solve 1 age in scale commodity culture of Chinese mitten crab
The self-supporting problem of crab species creates favorable conditions.
1 age crab species yield of method cultivation of the invention is 2034.7kg/hm2, convert into 22.99 ten thousand/hm2, estimate juvenile crab
The survival rate that ecology forms 1 age crab species is 17.61%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of aquaculture pond of the invention, and 1 is aquaculture pond, and 2 be slope shape circular groove, and 3 be vegetative coverage
Area；
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1, and 2 be slope shape circular groove, and 4 be the water surface.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiment is a kind of method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species, specifically
It carries out according to the following steps:
One, aquaculture pond selects: selecting the area for 0.75hm2~1.5hm2Natural sabkha wetland Region as aquaculture pond；
Half meter lower than ground level of the topography of the natural salt marshes or more；The vegetation coverage of the natural salt marshes is more than
80% and biomass in 1kg/m2More than；The underground shallow layer brackish water water yield of well of the natural salt marshes is 100m3/
24h；The underground deep layer fresh water water yield of well of the natural salt marshes is 80m3/24h；
Two, it digs slope shape circular groove: digging the slope annular ditch of a circle, aquaculture pond inside center close to pool side inside aquaculture pond
Non- slope annular ditch region be vegetation-covered area；The bottom surface of the slope annular ditch is slope shape and the center by aquaculture pond
It is tilted to pool side, slope is horizontal by 6 °~10 °；The width of the slope annular ditch along the horizontal plane is 5m~10m, annular
The depth of water of ditch lowest point is 1.2m~1.5m；
Slope shape circular groove can both build vegetation-covered area and bright pool, profundal zone and phytal zone, different water temperature gradients it is more
Sample water environment can also increase reservoir storage, prevent arid season water shortage and water quality to be concentrated, salinity increases, while slope surface can be to slough off
River crab after shell, which climbs up vegetation-covered area and looks for food, to create favorable conditions；
Three, the water source of brackish water and fresh water is established: the region outside the aquaculture pond of step 1 selection and close to aquaculture pond
It is each to make a call to a shallow water motor-pumped well and deep water motor-pumped well, the water in well is extracted respectively as brackish water water source and water source of fresh water, builds earth's surface
Fresh water water-drawing channel makes underground brackish water, fresh groundwater and surface fresh water three complement one another as water source of fresh water；Described is shallow
The depth of water dispenser well is 10m, and the depth of deep water motor-pumped well is 60m~100m；
" juvenile crab → I phase son crab → II phase son crab " process, it is desirable that water salinity is gradually decreased to 3g/L from 5g/L, but still keeps
Brackish water environment；" II phase son crab → III phase son crab " process, it is desirable that water salinity is gradually desalinated from 3g/L to 1g/L or less；"Ⅲ
Phase son crab → 1 age crab species " process, it is desirable that water remains fresh water environment.Since salt marshes soil salt content is higher, cause
Water salinity is also higher, not only influences the survival rate of III phase son crab and 1 age crab species, and higher salinity also have stimulated the too fast hair of sexual gland
It educates, promotes the crab species sex premature of 1 age, influence crab species quality；Therefore, " juvenile crab → 1 age crab species " process, needs to establish brackish water simultaneously
With two water source safeguards systems of fresh water, to meet requirement of the juvenile crab different developmental phases to water environment salinity；
Four, inlet channel and drainage ditch set up two sets of canalizations respectively, for draining and intaking；
Be conducive to the salt water that salinity in pond gradually rises to be discharged in time, injection fresh water is adjusted, and the secondary salt of water quality is prevented
Alkalization；
Five, bottom of pond turns over rake: in 10~April 15 April of current year, as the soil defrosting 5cm~10cm at aquaculture pond bottom,
Implementation machinery turns over rake and cultivation bottom of pond is turned over rake, promotes soil nutrient release, culture natural bait；
Six, it rinses saline and alkaline: in 20~25 April of current year, when turning over the aquaculture pond subsoil earth defrosting 20cm or more harrowed,
1st injection fresh water to vegetation-covered area to the depth of water is 10cm~15cm, is discharged after impregnating 1 week, the 2nd note after 3 days~5 days
Enter fresh water to vegetation-covered area to depth of water 20cm~25cm, is discharged after impregnating 7 days~10 days；
It injects fresh water and rinses saline and alkaline, reduction soil salt content, contain the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, reduction by 1 age crab species sex premature ratio
Example improves 1 age crab species quality；
Seven, natural bait is cultivated: in 10~May 15 May of current year, after rinsing saline and alkaline water discharge, to aquaculture pond
The depth of water for filling brackish water to vegetation-covered area is 15cm~20cm, applies fermentation maturity muck 15t/hm2~22.5t/hm2, 1
Zhou Houzai is applied 1 time and dosage is 7.5t/hm2~9.0t/hm2, while filling brackish water 10cm~15cm；
Eight, juvenile crab Rational Stocking: as wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass 3000/L of > in water body
Put juvenile crab, breeding density 5kg/hm in a suitable place to breed2~10kg/hm2；
Nine, scientific management:
As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤3000/L in water body, 1 is respectively splashed in every morning and afternoon
Secondary soya-bean milk 20kg/hm2~30kg/hm2；As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤2000/L in water body, feed
Juvenile crab special compound feed, the throwing amount of feed are 5%~8% of juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond；When water plant biomass is low
In 1.5kg/m2When, feed 1 age crab species special compound feed, the throwing amount of feed be juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond 5%~
8%；
After juvenile crab shell metamorphosis is I phase son crab, brackish water 15cm~20cm, fresh water 5cm~10cm are filled, and keeps planting
The depth of water of coating cover region is 30cm~40cm, and water environment salinity is 3g/L~5g/L；
After metamorphosis is II phase son crab, brackish water 5cm~10cm, fresh water 15cm~20cm are filled, and keep vegetative coverage
The depth of water in area is 40cm~50cm, and water environment salinity is 1g/L~3g/L；
After metamorphosis is III phase son crab, filling fresh water to the vegetation-covered area depth of water is 60cm~80cm, and water environment salinity
In 1g/L or less；
Draining and diversion are to change every 1 week water 1 time, pump bottom water, then fill new water, change water 1/4 or 1/3 every time；
After the completion of 1 age Growth, carry out disinfection to aquaculture pond；The disinfection way is cleaned up the pond for natural decontamination, specifically
Drain the water in pond for the autumn in current year, kill enemy and pathogen using severe winter, the second year beginning of spring thaw before again by bottom of pond
Vegetation burn-up, prepares for the cultivation of second year.
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: slope described in step 2
The width of annular ditch along the horizontal plane is 8m, and the depth of water of annular ditch lowest point is 1.3m.Other are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that: described in step 3
The depth of deep water motor-pumped well is 80m.Other are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three: being put in step 8
The density of juvenile crab is 8kg/hm2.Other are identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment 5: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment four: when juvenile crab shell in step 9
Metamorphosis is filling brackish water 20cm, fresh water 10cm after I phase son crab, and keeping the depth of water of vegetation-covered area is 40cm, water environment salt
Degree is 5g/L.Other are identical as specific embodiment four.
The present invention is verified with following tests:
Test one: this test is a kind of method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species, specifically: in 2018；
One, the target area of this test: it is located at Technique in Western Jilin Province Long Zhao sabkha area's cattle heart and covers fort wetland, area 1.5hm2, Soviet Union
Beat salt affected soil, 0~40cm soil body salt content 4.26g/kg, underground brackish water salinity 4.22g/L, fresh groundwater salinity 0.63g/
L, surface fresh water (Tao'erhe River water) salinity 0.47g/L；
Two, it digs slope shape circular groove: digging the slope annular ditch of a circle, aquaculture pond inside center close to pool side inside aquaculture pond
Non- slope annular ditch region be vegetation-covered area；The bottom surface of the slope annular ditch is slope shape and the center by aquaculture pond
It is tilted to pool side, slope is horizontal by 8 °；The width of the slope annular ditch along the horizontal plane is 8m, annular ditch lowest point
The depth of water is 1.5m；
Three, the water source of brackish water and fresh water is established: the region outside the aquaculture pond of step 1 selection and close to aquaculture pond
It is each to make a call to a shallow water motor-pumped well and deep water motor-pumped well, the water in well is extracted respectively as brackish water water source and water source of fresh water, builds earth's surface
Fresh water water-drawing channel makes underground brackish water, fresh groundwater and surface fresh water three complement one another as water source of fresh water；Described is shallow
The depth of water dispenser well is 10m, and the depth of deep water motor-pumped well is 80m；
Four, inlet channel and drainage ditch set up two sets of canalizations respectively, for draining and intaking；
Five, bottom of pond turns over rake: in 10~April 15 April of current year, as the soil defrosting 5cm~10cm at aquaculture pond bottom,
Implementation machinery turns over rake and cultivation bottom of pond is turned over rake, promotes soil nutrient release, culture natural bait；
Six, it rinses saline and alkaline: in 20~25 April of current year, when turning over the aquaculture pond subsoil earth defrosting 20cm or more harrowed,
1st injection fresh water to vegetation-covered area to the depth of water is 12cm, is discharged after impregnating 1 week, and the 2nd injection fresh water is extremely planted after 5 days
Coating cover region is discharged after impregnating 10 days to depth of water 25cm；
Seven, natural bait is cultivated: in 10~May 15 May of current year, after rinsing saline and alkaline water discharge, to aquaculture pond
The depth of water for filling brackish water to vegetation-covered area is 20cm, applies fermentation maturity muck 22.5t/hm2, 1 Zhou Houzai applies 1 time and uses
Amount is 9.0t/hm2, while filling brackish water 15cm；
Eight, juvenile crab Rational Stocking: June 3 is when 3000 wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass >/L in water body
When, juvenile crab, breeding density 8kg/hm can be put in a suitable place to breed2, stocking size is the juvenile crab 12kg of 16.32 ten thousand/kg；
Nine, scientific management:
As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤3000/L in water body, 1 is respectively splashed in every morning and afternoon
Secondary soya-bean milk 30kg/hm2；As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤2000/L in water body, feed that juvenile crab is dedicated to match
Feed is closed, the throwing amount of feed is 8% of juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond；When water plant biomass is lower than 1.5kg/m2When, it throws
1 age crab species special compound feed is fed, the throwing amount of feed is 6% of juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond；
After juvenile crab shell metamorphosis is I phase son crab, brackish water 20cm, fresh water 10cm are filled, and keep vegetation-covered area
The depth of water is 40cm, and water environment salinity is 5g/L；
After metamorphosis is II phase son crab, brackish water 10cm, fresh water 20cm are filled, and the depth of water of holding vegetation-covered area is
50cm, water environment salinity are 3g/L；
After metamorphosis is III phase son crab, filling fresh water to the vegetation-covered area depth of water is 80cm, and water environment salinity is in 1g/L
Below；
Draining and diversion are to change every 1 week water 1 time, pump bottom water, then fill new water, change water 1/4 or 1/3 every time；
After the completion of 1 age Growth, carry out disinfection to aquaculture pond；The disinfection way is cleaned up the pond for natural decontamination, specifically
Drain the water in pond for the autumn in current year, kill enemy and pathogen using severe winter, the second year beginning of spring thaw before again by bottom of pond
Vegetation burn-up, prepares for the cultivation of second year.
See Table 1 for details for the growing state investigation result of 1 age crab species.
1 2018 years salt marshes juvenile crab ecology of table forms the growing state investigation result of 1 age crab species
By the result of test one it is found that carrying out salt marshes juvenile crab ecology using the method for test one forms the examination of 1 age crab species
It tests, was cultivated by 105 days, the 1 age crab species for being 113/kg by juvenile crab ecology forming specification, survival rate 17.61% is salt
The large-scale cultivation of natural pond wetland 1 age crab species, batch production provide technical foundation.A kind of thus salt marshes juvenile crab of the invention
The method that ecology forms 1 age crab species is practicable.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology forms 1 age crab species, it is characterised in that salt marshes juvenile crab ecology formed for 1 age
The method of crab species carries out according to the following steps:
One, aquaculture pond selects: selecting the area for 0.75hm2~1.5hm2Natural sabkha wetland Region as aquaculture pond；It is described
Half meter lower than ground level of topography or more of natural salt marshes；The vegetation coverage of the natural salt marshes is more than 80%
And biomass is in 1kg/m2More than；The underground shallow layer brackish water water yield of well of the natural salt marshes is 100m3/24h；
The underground deep layer fresh water water yield of well of the natural salt marshes is 80m3/24h；
Two, dig slope shape circular groove: inside aquaculture pond close to pool side dig one circle slope annular ditch, aquaculture pond inside center it is non-
Slope annular ditch region is vegetation-covered area；The bottom surface of the slope annular ditch is slope shape and from the center of aquaculture pond to pond
Side inclination, slope is horizontal by 6 °~10 °；The width of the slope annular ditch along the horizontal plane is 5m~10m, and annular ditch is most
The depth of water of lower is 1.2m~1.5m；
Three, it establishes the water source of brackish water and fresh water: each being beaten outside the aquaculture pond of step 1 selection and close to the region of aquaculture pond
One shallow water motor-pumped well and deep water motor-pumped well extract the water in well as brackish water water source and water source of fresh water respectively, build surface fresh water
Water-drawing channel makes underground brackish water, fresh groundwater and surface fresh water three complement one another as water source of fresh water；The shallow water machine
The depth of well is 10m, and the depth of deep water motor-pumped well is 60m~100m；
Four, inlet channel and drainage ditch set up two sets of canalizations respectively, for draining and intaking；
Five, bottom of pond turns over rake: in 10~April 15 April of current year, as the soil defrosting 5cm~10cm at aquaculture pond bottom, implementing
Machinery turns over rake and cultivation bottom of pond is turned over rake, promotes soil nutrient release, cultivates natural bait；
Six, it rinses saline and alkaline: in 20~25 April of current year, when turning over the aquaculture pond subsoil earth defrosting 20cm or more harrowed, the 1st
Secondary injection fresh water to vegetation-covered area to the depth of water is 10cm~15cm, is discharged after impregnating 1 week, the 2nd injection after 3 days~5 days
Fresh water is discharged after impregnating 7 days~10 days to vegetation-covered area to depth of water 20cm~25cm；
Seven, it cultivates natural bait: in 10~May 15 May of current year, after rinsing saline and alkaline water discharge, being filled to aquaculture pond
The depth of water of brackish water to vegetation-covered area is 15cm~20cm, applies fermentation maturity muck 15t/hm2~22.5t/hm2, after 1 week
It applies again 1 time and dosage is 7.5t/hm2~9.0t/hm2, while filling brackish water 10cm~15cm；
Eight, it juvenile crab Rational Stocking: as wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass 3000/L of > in water body, can put in a suitable place to breed
Juvenile crab, breeding density 5kg/hm2~10kg/hm2；
Nine, scientific management:
As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤3000/L in water body, 1 beans of respectively splashing in every morning and afternoon
Starch 20kg/hm2~30kg/hm2；As wheel animalcule, cladocera and Copepods total biomass≤2000/L in water body, juvenile crab is fed
Special compound feed, the throwing amount of feed are 5%~8% of juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond；When water plant biomass is lower than
1.5kg/m2When, 1 age crab species special compound feed is fed, the throwing amount of feed is 5%~8% of juvenile crab total weight in aquaculture pond；
After juvenile crab shell metamorphosis is I phase son crab, brackish water 15cm~20cm, fresh water 5cm~10cm are filled, and vegetation is kept to cover
The depth of water of cover region is 30cm~40cm, and water environment salinity is 3g/L~5g/L；
After metamorphosis is II phase son crab, brackish water 5cm~10cm, fresh water 15cm~20cm are filled, and keep vegetation-covered area
The depth of water is 40cm~50cm, and water environment salinity is 1g/L~3g/L；
After metamorphosis is III phase son crab, filling fresh water to the vegetation-covered area depth of water is 60cm~80cm, and water environment salinity is in 1g/
L or less；
Draining and diversion are to change every 1 week water 1 time, pump bottom water, then fill new water, change water 1/4 or 1/3 every time；
After the completion of 1 age Growth, carry out disinfection to aquaculture pond；The disinfection way is cleaned up the pond for natural decontamination, is specially existed
The autumn of current year drains the water in pond, kills enemy and pathogen using severe winter, the second year beginning of spring thaw before again by bottom of pond vegetation
Burn-up is prepared for the cultivation of second year.
2. the method that a kind of salt marshes juvenile crab ecology according to claim 1 forms 1 age crab species, it is characterised in that step
The width of slope annular ditch along the horizontal plane described in two is 8m, and the depth of water of annular ditch lowest point is 1.3m.
3. the method that a kind of salt marshes juvenile crab ecology according to claim 1 forms 1 age crab species, it is characterised in that step
The depth of deep water motor-pumped well described in three is 80m.
4. the method that a kind of salt marshes juvenile crab ecology according to claim 1 forms 1 age crab species, it is characterised in that step
The density that juvenile crab is put in eight is 8kg/hm2。
5. the method that a kind of salt marshes juvenile crab ecology according to claim 1 forms 1 age crab species, it is characterised in that step
In nine after juvenile crab shell metamorphosis is I phase son crab, brackish water 20cm, fresh water 10cm are filled, and keep the depth of water of vegetation-covered area
For 40cm, water environment salinity is 5g/L.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4972602A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1990-11-27 | Howes Charles P | Tongs for handling and measuring crabs |
| CN108124802A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of III phase of salt marshes son crab biological breeding is into the method for 1 age crab species |
| CN108124803A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of III phase of salt marshes underground brackish water biological breeding son crab |
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2018
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4972602A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1990-11-27 | Howes Charles P | Tongs for handling and measuring crabs |
| CN108124802A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of III phase of salt marshes son crab biological breeding is into the method for 1 age crab species |
| CN108124803A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of III phase of salt marshes underground brackish water biological breeding son crab |
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