CN109020758A - A kind of base manure and preparation method thereof suitable for Xiangyang yam planting - Google Patents
A kind of base manure and preparation method thereof suitable for Xiangyang yam planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109020758A CN109020758A CN201811183358.7A CN201811183358A CN109020758A CN 109020758 A CN109020758 A CN 109020758A CN 201811183358 A CN201811183358 A CN 201811183358A CN 109020758 A CN109020758 A CN 109020758A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of base manure and preparation method thereof suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the raw material including following parts by weight: 5~10 parts of 20~25 parts of turf, 10~15 parts of rice straw, 10~15 parts of wheat stalk, 10~15 parts of rape stalk, 5~10 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean product waste tunning.The present invention, which makes full use of agricultural wastes straw resource and bean product to process the waste generated, can significantly improve the quality and yield of Chinese yam when base manure of the present invention is used for Xiangyang yam planting, and the Dioscin content in Chinese yam obviously increases, and Chinese yam disease rate is reduced；Meanwhile can significantly improve soil texture after base manure application of the present invention, increase the content of organic matter of soil, reduces the soil weight, improve the pH value etc. of soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to yam planting technical field, specifically a kind of base manure and its preparation suitable for Xiangyang yam planting
Method.
Background technique
Chinese yam is that the mankind eat earliest one of vegetables, stem tuber fine and tender taste, sweet sharp and clear, full of nutrition, contains albumen
The amino acid of matter, carbohydrate and more than ten kinds of needed by human body, and rich in the minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese member
Element, Dioscin and vitamin B, C, E etc. have qi-restoratives except cold, Yishen Jianpi, healthcare, skin maintenance and cosmetic benefits and other effects.Chinese yam
For herbaceous species plant, stem tuber underground it is horizontal walk growth.Yam variety is various, common are iron rod yam, fine, soft fur Chinese yam, Ma Shan
Medicine, big and long taro and water Chinese yam etc..Xiangyang City Xiangcheng District Wolong town is located at Han River south bank, belongs to typical sand, is very suitable to
Yam planting, Xiangyang Chinese yam belong to water Chinese yam series, and stem tuber is coarse, thin skin meat is white, crisp and refreshing, and yield is considerable, annual plantation
Area is up to 1.5 ten thousand mu, currently, Xiangyang Chinese yam has formed industrialization production mode.Chinese yam is a kind of vegetables that fertilizer requirement is very big,
Different breeding times, the demand to fertilizer is different, and sand is generally barrenr, and therefore, applying fertilizers scientifically is to guarantee
The necessary condition of Chinese yam normal growth.Currently, peasant in order to save trouble, generally applies chemical fertilizer, for a long time in the planting process of Chinese yam
Application chemical fertilizer cause low soil with organic matter content, soil hardening acidification, microelement deficiencies, pernicious bacteria to spread unchecked, lead
Chinese yam is caused to breed the multiple diseases such as root rot, and quality and yield reduces.Chinese yam is fertilizer favorite, and using sufficient base manure is to guarantee normal growth
Prerequisite, and the application of organic fertilizer is to determine the key factor of Chinese yam quality and yield in base manure.
In addition, circular agriculture is the inexorable trend of the future of agriculture sustainable development, agricultural wastes such as crop material is utilized
Composting organic fertilizer is the effective way of Circulation Agriculture Development.Organic fertilizer can both improve soil texture, avoid hardened, and can increase soil
The earth content of organic matter improves soil fertilizer water holding capacity, and the fruit-vegetable quality that application of organic fertilizers grows out is good, yield is high.
With the fast development of Soybean Industry, by-product bean dregs, dregs of beans, yellow serofluid etc. are correspondingly increased significantly, these
By-product is not fully utilized, wherein bean dregs and dregs of beans are often used as fertilizer for animal husbandry, and yellow serofluid is then complete
Portion not only wasted as discharge of wastewater but also polluted environment.Contain a large amount of protein, amino acid, cellulose, rouge in these by-products
The nutriments such as class, reduced sugar, calcium, iron, phosphorus, vitamin, organic acid can be used to produce organic fertilizer.
Chinese patent literature CN106946624A discloses stalk straw food waste compost, using straw refuse, soil and
Minerals mixed-stacking is made organic fertilizer by fermentation maturity, microorganism decomposition, both filled under conditions of high temperature, how wet
Divide and straw refuse resource is utilized, and is capable of providing plant nutrient, improvement soil texture.Chinese patent literature
CN108456020A discloses the method using bean product processing waste preparation organic fertilizer raw material, utilizes bean product process
The bean dregs and yellow serofluid waste of middle generation are base-material, provide new raw material for organic fertilizer production and support.However, due to difference
The growth characteristics of crops are different, and the characteristic of different soils is also not quite similar, and therefore, the base manure that different crops are applicable in also is deposited
In difference.
Chinese patent literature CN106966824A discloses a kind of Chinese yam organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof, and the organic fertilizer is with big
Beans are major ingredient, and addition em bacterium carries out composting, although this organic fertilizer is able to maintain soil fertility, the enhancing gas permeability of soil, contains mountain
Nutriment needed for medicine growth, but need to fry soybean in preparation process, higher cost, energy waste is caused, and stack
Three days, fermentation time was short, and the organic fertilizer produced is not completely decomposed, if being manured into soil, very might be used to the growth of Chinese yam stem tuber
It can generate " burn " effect.
Therefore, the base manure for needing a kind of characteristic application for Xiangyang Chinese yam, can not only make full use of waste material resource, but also can mention
The quality and yield of high Xiangyang Chinese yam.
Summary of the invention
In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of bases suitable for Xiangyang yam planting
Fertilizer.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation methods of the above-mentioned base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the raw material including following parts by weight: 20~25 parts of turf, straw
10~15 parts of stalk, 10~15 parts of wheat stalk, 10~15 parts of rape stalk, 5~10 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean product are discarded
5~10 parts of object tunning；The bean product waste tunning is the beans with weight fraction ratio for 1:0.1~2:0.5~4
Slag, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid are prepared through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation, the complex microorganism
Strain I includes aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma harzianum, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification II includes bacillus subtilis, unwrapping wire
The total weight of bacterium and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow slurry
The 0.5~5% of the total weight of water.The viable bacteria of each strain of the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II
Content not less than 5,000,000,000/gram.
The present invention is auxiliary material by major ingredient, turf of agricultural crop straw, beans made of addition is fermented through complex microorganism bacterial classification
Products waste tunning, then composting is carried out, so that organic base manure of suitable Xiangyang Chinese yam growth and development is made, and in turf
Containing part soil, so that organic base manure water holding capacity enhances.The bean product waste tunning that the present invention uses is with one
Bean dregs, dregs of beans and the yellow serofluid of certainty ratio through complex microorganism bacterial classification fermentation is prepared, it includes protein, fat, sugar
Nutrition needed for the type and ratio of the substances such as class, isoflavones and microorganism fungus kind can satisfy Chinese yam growth；Meanwhile this
The selected microorganism fungus kind of invention mutually cooperates with, and bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid can not only be made sufficiently to ferment, moreover it is possible to improve soil
Microbial flora, so as to improve soil environment, meanwhile, the own metabolism of microorganism fungus kind, mutual synergistic effect with
And the symbiosis between plant also contributes to improving the quality and yield of Chinese yam.Inventor is through experimental results demonstrate this hairs
When bright base manure is used for Xiangyang yam planting, the quality and yield of Chinese yam can be significantly improved, the Dioscin content in Chinese yam is obvious
Increase, and Chinese yam disease rate is reduced.Meanwhile application base manure of the present invention can significantly improve soil texture, increase the organic of soil
Matter content reduces the soil weight, improves the pH value etc. of soil.
Preferably, the weight fraction ratio of the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid is 1:0.2~1:1~2.
Preferably, the weight of the aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete
Than for 1:0.2~2:0.1~1:0.1~1:0.5~2:0.2~2.
It is furthermore preferred that the aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight
Amount is than being 1:1:0.5:0.5:1.5:1.
Preferably, the turf is the native ridge weeds of band, the turf with a thickness of 2~3 centimetres.
Preferably, the rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 0.5~2 centimetre of segment straw
Stalk.It is both needed to be crushed to 0.5~2 through pulverization process after the rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam straw harvesting
Centimetre segment after, be used to prepare base manure of the invention.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, includes the following steps:
(1) it activates the strain of complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II and collects thallus, by bean dregs, dregs of beans
It mixes with yellow serofluid, ferments through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II by a certain percentage, it is discarded that bean product are made
Object tunning；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed in a certain ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean product waste tunning is added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 60~69%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture is subjected to stacking, a length of 2~2.5 meters of pile, width is 2~2.5 meters, a height of 1.2~1.5 meters, is covered
Plastic film ferments 8~15 days at 70~75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferments 7~10 days to get applicable
In the base manure of Xiangyang yam planting.
Preferably, step (1) are as follows:
S1. the strain of complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are activated respectively to logarithmic growth phase, centrifugation
Collect thallus；
S2. bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid are mixed by a certain percentage, the thallus of addition complex microorganism bacterial classification I, 36~40
Under the conditions of DEG C ferment 8~12h after, add the thallus of complex microorganism bacterial classification II, continue under the conditions of 36~40 DEG C fermentation 10~
15 days to get bean product waste tunning.
Bean product waste tunning of the present invention in the preparation, first by actication of culture, is at logarithmic growth phase, this
When bacterial strain quantity increase most fast, after collecting thallus, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum and actinomyces, fermentation one is first added
Bacillus subtilis and saccharomycete are added after the section time, adds bacillus subtilis, unwrapping wire after so that mould is first grown field planting
Bacterium and saccharomycete avoid the mutual inhibiting effect of strain, and flora is made to reach balance, at the same its metabolic process also with beans
The fermentation process of slag, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid is adapted, so that the nutrition of bean product waste tunning is balanced.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention is auxiliary material by major ingredient, turf of agricultural crop straw, made of addition is fermented through complex microorganism bacterial classification
Bean product waste tunning, then composting is carried out, the base manure of composting is completely decomposed, it is suitble to the growth and development of Xiangyang Chinese yam, and
Contain part soil in turf, so that organic base manure water holding capacity enhances；The present invention both made full use of agricultural wastes straw to provide
Source, Circulation Agriculture Development, the waste production organic fertilizer for also making full use of bean product processing to generate are turned waste into wealth.
2, the microorganism fungus kind selected by the present invention mutually cooperates with, and bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid can not only be made sufficiently to ferment,
The microbial flora of soil can also be improved, so as to improve soil environment, meanwhile, the own metabolism of microorganism fungus kind, between each other
Synergistic effect and the symbiosis between plant also contribute to improving the quality and yield of Chinese yam, while can reduce mountain
Medicine disease rate.
3, bean product waste tunning of the invention is fermented with the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid of suitable proportion,
When base manure of the present invention is used for Xiangyang yam planting, the quality and yield of Chinese yam, the Dioscin content in Chinese yam can be significantly improved
Also it obviously increases.
4, it can significantly improve soil texture after base manure application of the present invention, increase the content of organic matter of soil, reduce soil
Bulk density improves the pH value etc. of soil.
5, in the fermentation process of bean dregs of the present invention, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid, the mutual inhibiting effect of strain is avoided, is made
Flora reaches balance, while its metabolic process is also adapted with the fermentation process of bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid, so that bean product are useless
The nutrition of gurry tunning is balanced.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment in the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, is shown
So, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, those of ordinary skill in the art's all other embodiment obtained under the conditions of not making creative work all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the raw material including following parts by weight: 20~25 parts of turf, straw
10~15 parts of stalk, 10~15 parts of wheat stalk, 10~15 parts of rape stalk, 5~10 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean product are discarded
5~10 parts of object tunning；The bean product waste tunning is the beans with weight fraction ratio for 1:0.1~2:0.5~4
Slag, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid are prepared through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation, the complex microorganism
Strain I includes aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma harzianum, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification II includes bacillus subtilis, unwrapping wire
The total weight of bacterium and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow slurry
The 0.5~5% of the total weight of water.
Preferably, the turf is the native ridge weeds of band, the turf with a thickness of 2~3 centimetres.
Preferably, the rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 0.5~2 centimetre of segment straw
Stalk.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, includes the following steps:
(1) it activates the strain of complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II and collects thallus, by bean dregs, dregs of beans
It mixes with yellow serofluid, ferments through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II by a certain percentage, it is discarded that bean product are made
Object tunning；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed in a certain ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean product waste tunning is added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 60~69%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture is subjected to stacking, a length of 2~2.5 meters of pile, width is 2~2.5 meters, a height of 1.2~1.5 meters, is covered
Plastic film ferments 8~15 days at 70~75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferments 7~10 days to get applicable
In the base manure of Xiangyang yam planting.
The aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete use commercially available any bacterial strain, institute
Trichoderma harzianum is stated using commercially available Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037.
Embodiment 1
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the raw material including following parts by weight: 22 parts of turf, rice straw
8 parts of 12 parts, 12 parts of wheat stalk, 12 parts of rape stalk, 8 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean product waste tunning；The beans
Products waste tunning be with weight fraction ratio for 1:0.5:1.5 bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid through composite microbial bacteria
Kind I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation is prepared, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification I includes aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and Ha Ci
Trichoderma, the complex microorganism bacterial classification II include bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification
The total weight of I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are the 2% of the total weight of the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid；It is the aspergillus oryzae, black
Aspergillus, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio be 1:1:0.5:0.5:1.5:1；The grass
Skin is the ridge weeds with soil, with a thickness of 2.5 centimetres；The rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are
2 centimetres of segment stalk.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, includes the following steps:
(1) aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete are activated respectively to right
In number growth period, thalline were collected by centrifugation；Turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed by a certain percentage
It closes, the thallus of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma harzianum is added, is fermented after 12h under the conditions of 40 DEG C, adds bacillus subtilis
The thallus of bacterium, actinomyces and saccharomycete continues fermentation under the conditions of 40 DEG C 15 days to get bean product waste tunning；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean product waste tunning is added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 65%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture being subjected to stacking, a length of 2 meters of pile, width is 2 meters, a height of 1.2 meters, plastic film is covered, 70~
It ferments 15 days at 75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferment 7 days to get the base manure for being suitable for Xiangyang yam planting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the raw material including following parts by weight: 20 parts of turf, rice straw
10 parts of 15 parts, 10 parts of wheat stalk, 15 parts of rape stalk, 5 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean product waste tunning；The beans
Products waste tunning be with weight fraction ratio for 1:0.2:1 bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid through complex microorganism bacterial classification I
It is prepared with complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I includes aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum
Bacterium, the complex microorganism bacterial classification II include bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and
The total weight of complex microorganism bacterial classification II is the 0.5% of the total weight of the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid；It is the aspergillus oryzae, black
Aspergillus, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio be 1:3:2:1:0.5:2；The turf is
Ridge weeds with soil, with a thickness of 2.5 centimetres；The rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 2 lis
The segment stalk of rice.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, includes the following steps:
(1) aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete are activated respectively to right
In number growth period, thalline were collected by centrifugation；Turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed by a certain percentage
Close, the thallus of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma harzianum be added, after the 8h that ferments under the conditions of 36 DEG C, add bacillus subtilis,
The thallus of actinomyces and saccharomycete continues fermentation under the conditions of 40 DEG C 15 days to get bean product waste tunning；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean product waste tunning is added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 60%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture being subjected to stacking, a length of 2 meters of pile, width is 2 meters, a height of 1.2 meters, plastic film is covered, 70~
It ferments 8 days at 75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferment 10 days to get the base manure for being suitable for Xiangyang yam planting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the raw material including following parts by weight: 25 parts of turf, rice straw
5 parts of 10 parts, 15 parts of wheat stalk, 10 parts of rape stalk, 10 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean product waste tunning；The beans
Products waste tunning be with weight fraction ratio for 1:1:2 bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and
Complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation is prepared, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification I includes aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum
Bacterium, the complex microorganism bacterial classification II include bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and
The total weight of complex microorganism bacterial classification II is the 5% of the total weight of the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid；The aspergillus oryzae, black song
Mould, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio be 1:2:0.1:1:3:0.2；The turf is
Ridge weeds with soil, with a thickness of 2.5 centimetres；The rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 2 lis
The segment stalk of rice.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, includes the following steps:
(1) aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete are activated respectively to right
In number growth period, thalline were collected by centrifugation；Turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed by a certain percentage
Close, be added aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete thallus, under the conditions of 40 DEG C
Fermentation 15 days to get bean product waste tunning；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean product waste tunning is added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 69%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture being subjected to stacking, a length of 2 meters of pile, width is 2 meters, a height of 1.2 meters, plastic film is covered, 70~
It ferments 15 days at 75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferment 7 days to get the base manure for being suitable for Xiangyang yam planting.
Embodiment 4
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the bean product waste fermentation
Product is prepared for the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid of 1:0.1:0.5 through complex microorganism bacterial classification fermentation with weight fraction ratio.
Embodiment 5
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the bean product waste fermentation
Product is prepared for the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid of 1:2:4 through complex microorganism bacterial classification fermentation with weight fraction ratio.
Embodiment 6
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, Kazakhstan
Thatch Trichoderma, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio be 1:0.2:1:1:0.5:2.
Embodiment 7
A kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, Kazakhstan
Thatch Trichoderma, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio be 1:2:0.1:0.1:2:0.2.
Comparative example 1
A kind of base manure, the raw material including following parts by weight: 22 parts of turf, 12 parts of rice straw, 12 parts of wheat stalk, oil
12 parts of dish stalk, 8 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean dregs and 8 parts of yellow serofluid tunning；The bean dregs and yellow serofluid tunning are
It is prepared for the bean dregs and yellow serofluid of 1:1.5 through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation with weight fraction ratio
It obtains, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I includes aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma harzianum, the complex microorganism bacterial classification II packet
Containing bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete, the total weight of the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are
The 2% of the total weight of the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid；The aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis,
The weight ratio of actinomyces and saccharomycete is 1:1:0.5:0.5:1.5:1；The turf is the ridge weeds with soil, with a thickness of 2.5
Centimetre；The rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 2 centimetres of segment stalk.
The preparation method of above-mentioned base manure, includes the following steps:
(1) aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete are activated respectively to right
In number growth period, thalline were collected by centrifugation；Turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed by a certain percentage
It closes, the thallus of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma harzianum is added, is fermented after 12h under the conditions of 40 DEG C, adds bacillus subtilis
The thallus of bacterium, actinomyces and saccharomycete continues fermentation under the conditions of 40 DEG C 15 days to get bean dregs and yellow serofluid tunning；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean dregs and yellow serofluid tunning are added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 65%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture being subjected to stacking, a length of 2 meters of pile, width is 2 meters, a height of 1.2 meters, plastic film is covered, 70~
It ferments 15 days at 75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferment 7 days to get the base manure for being suitable for Xiangyang yam planting.
Comparative example 2
A kind of base manure, the raw material including following parts by weight: 22 parts of turf, 12 parts of rice straw, 12 parts of wheat stalk, oil
8 parts of 12 parts of dish stalk, 8 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean product waste tunning；The bean product waste tunning is
With weight fraction ratio for 1:0.5:1.5 bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II
Fermentation is prepared, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification I includes aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification II includes withered
The total weight of careless bacillus, actinomyces and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are described
The 2% of the total weight of bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid；The aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete
Weight ratio be 1:1:0.5:0.5:1；The turf is the ridge weeds with soil, with a thickness of 2.5 centimetres；The rice straw,
Wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 2 centimetres of segment stalk.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, includes the following steps:
(1) aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete are activated respectively to logarithmic growth phase, from
The heart collects thallus；Turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, meter Qu is added
The thallus of mould and aspergillus niger ferments under the conditions of 40 DEG C after 12h, adds the thallus of bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete,
Continue fermentation under the conditions of 40 DEG C 15 days to get bean product waste tunning；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean product waste tunning is added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 65%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture being subjected to stacking, a length of 2 meters of pile, width is 2 meters, a height of 1.2 meters, plastic film is covered, 70~
It ferments 15 days at 75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferment 7 days to get the base manure for being suitable for Xiangyang yam planting.
Comparative example 3
A kind of base manure, the raw material including following parts by weight: 22 parts of turf, 12 parts of rice straw, 12 parts of wheat stalk, oil
12 parts of dish stalk, 8 parts of Chinese yam stalk and bean dregs and 8 parts of yellow serofluid tunning；The bean dregs and yellow serofluid tunning are
It is prepared for the bean dregs and yellow serofluid of 1:1.5 through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation with weight fraction ratio
It obtains, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I includes aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification II includes bacillus subtilis
The total weight of bacterium, actinomyces and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are the bean dregs, beans
The 2% of the total weight of the dregs of rice and yellow serofluid；The aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio
For 1:1:0.5:0.5:1；The turf is the ridge weeds with soil, with a thickness of 2.5 centimetres；The rice straw, wheat stalk,
Rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 2 centimetres of segment stalk.
The preparation method of above-mentioned base manure, includes the following steps:
(1) aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete are activated respectively to logarithmic growth phase, from
The heart collects thallus；Turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, meter Qu is added
Mould, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete thallus, 15 days are fermented under the conditions of 40 DEG C to get bean dregs and yellow slurry
Water by fermentation product；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed according to the above ratio, turf is made
Stalk mixture；
(3) bean dregs and yellow serofluid tunning are added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture and contains
Amount is 65%, mixes to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture being subjected to stacking, a length of 2 meters of pile, width is 2 meters, a height of 1.2 meters, plastic film is covered, 70~
It ferments 15 days at 75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferment 7 days to get the base manure for being suitable for Xiangyang yam planting.
Test example 1
Chinese yam is planted in planting base, 12 processing, three repetitions of each processing are set, processing 1 is blank control, i.e., not
Fertilising, to apply conventional farmyard manure, processing 3~12 is respectively the base manure of application Examples 1 to 7, comparative example 1~3 for processing 2；Mountain
Medicine is unified plantation and management, situations such as carrying out field investigation to it in growth period, investigate growth, the disease of Chinese yam, and is received
Chinese yam Tuber length and rugosity are measured after obtaining, and calculate Chinese yam yield；Dioscin is carried out using Chinese yam of the extraction to harvest to mention
It takes, Dioscin content is measured using liquid chromatography；It the results are shown in Table 1.
1 Chinese yam quality and yield result of table
As it can be seen from table 1 Chinese yam disease rate is reduced, and stem tuber expands, and Dioscin content after application base manure of the present invention
It obviously increases, meanwhile, Chinese yam yield also significantly improves, wherein, obtained Chinese yam Chinese yam best with the effect of 1 base manure of embodiment
Saponin content also highest, illustrates that the ratio of each ingredient in embodiment 1 is best, can preferably meet the nutritional need of Chinese yam.From reality
The comparison of example and comparative example 2,3 is applied as can be seen that the addition of trichoderma harzianum can significantly reduce Chinese yam disease rate, in embodiment 3
Preparation process there may be the Competitive assays between strain, microbial flora is not up to optimum balance state, and microbial bacteria
Group can have an impact the disease rate of plant, thus, the disease rate for applying 3 base manure of embodiment wants high compared with other embodiments；And it is real
The comparison of example and comparative example 1,3 is applied as can be seen that fermenting with the bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid of suitable proportion, Chinese yam block can be made
Stem expands, and Dioscin content obviously increases, and Chinese yam yield also significantly improves, and illustrates that its nutrition-allocated proportion and crude drug grow demand
It is adapted.
Test example 2
It is tested according to base manure of the organic fertilizer national standard to Examples 1 to 7, comparative example 1~3, the results are shown in Table 2.
2 base manure technical target of the product of table
From table 2 it can be seen that base manure obtained in the present invention, fertilizer efficiency are more than national standard, meet biological organic fertilizer
Parameter and standard；The fertilizer efficiency that can be seen that base manure of the present invention from the comparison of embodiment and comparative example is more excellent.
Test example 3
Measure the pH value of soil, bulk density, specific gravity, alkaline hydrolysis after applying base manure in Examples 1 to 7, comparative example 1~3 and processing 1
Its other metal element content of nitrogen, full nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, full phosphorus, organic matter and soil porosity, wherein using pH meter
Measure the pH value of soil；Using the cutting ring-three-phase instrument method measurement soil weight, specific gravity and porosity；It is surveyed using alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method
Determine soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen；Using Kjeldahl nitrogen determination total soil nitrogen；Using inductive coupling plasma emission spectrograph (ICP-
AEC) analysis method measures soil quick-effective phosphor, available potassium, the content of full phosphorus and the other metallic elements of soil；Using dichromic acid method
Measure the soil organism.Measurement result is shown in Table 3.
3 soil characteristic testing result of table
Note: processing 1 is blank control, i.e., does not apply fertilizer；Processing 2 is the conventional farmyard manure of application.
From table 3 it can be seen that soil texture is significantly improved after application base manure of the present invention, the porosity including improving soil
To increase the aeration and water penetration of soil, while the content of organic matter of soil can be increased, reduce the soil weight, improve soil
PH value；The addition that can be seen that dregs of beans from the comparison of embodiment and comparative example 1,3 can increase the content of organic matter of soil；
And from the comparison of embodiment and comparative example 2,3 as can be seen that microbial flora of the invention can change and improve the hole of soil
Degree, to increase the aeration and water penetration of soil.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, which is characterized in that the raw material including following parts by weight: turf 20~
25 parts, 10~15 parts of rice straw, 10~15 parts of wheat stalk, 10~15 parts of rape stalk, 5~10 parts of Chinese yam stalk and beans
5~10 parts of products waste tunning；The bean product waste tunning is with weight fraction ratio for 1:0.1~2:
0.5~4 bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid is prepared through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II fermentation, described
Complex microorganism bacterial classification I includes aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma harzianum, and the complex microorganism bacterial classification II includes withered grass gemma
The total weight of bacillus, actinomyces and saccharomycete, the complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II be the bean dregs,
The 0.5~5% of the total weight of dregs of beans and yellow serofluid.
2. a kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bean dregs, beans
The dregs of rice and the weight fraction ratio of yellow serofluid are 1:0.2~1:1~2.
3. a kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aspergillus oryzae,
Aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio be 1:0.2~2:0.1~1:0.1~
1:0.5~2:0.2~2.
4. a kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the aspergillus oryzae,
Aspergillus niger, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces and saccharomycete weight ratio be 1:1:0.5:0.5:1.5:1.
5. a kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the turf is band
Soil ridge weeds, the turf with a thickness of 2~3 centimetres.
6. a kind of base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the straw straw
Stalk, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are 0.5~2 centimetre of segment stalk.
7. the preparation method of any base manure suitable for Xiangyang yam planting of claim 1~6, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
(1) it activates the strain of complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II and collects thallus, by bean dregs, dregs of beans and Huang
Pulp-water mixes by a certain percentage, ferments through complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II, and bean product waste hair is made
Ferment product；
(2) turf, rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk and Chinese yam stalk are mixed in a certain ratio, turf stalk is made
Mixture；
(3) bean product waste tunning is added into turf stalk mixture, separately takes yellow serofluid to be adjusted to moisture content to be
60~69%, mix to obtain first mixture；
(4) first mixture is subjected to stacking, a length of 2~2.5 meters of pile, width is 2~2.5 meters, a height of 1.2~1.5 meters, covers plastics
Film ferments 8~15 days at 70~75 DEG C, covers film after uniformly overturning once again and ferments 7~10 days to get suitable for assisting
The base manure of positive yam planting.
8. the preparation method of the base manure according to claim 7 suitable for Xiangyang yam planting, which is characterized in that step
(1) are as follows:
S1. the strain of complex microorganism bacterial classification I and complex microorganism bacterial classification II are activated to logarithmic growth phase respectively, is collected by centrifugation
Thallus；
S2. bean dregs, dregs of beans and yellow serofluid are mixed by a certain percentage, the thallus of complex microorganism bacterial classification I, 36~40 DEG C of items is added
It is fermented after 8~12h under part, adds the thallus of complex microorganism bacterial classification II, continue fermentation under the conditions of 36~40 DEG C 10~15 days,
Up to bean product waste tunning.
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