CN109020586A - 一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法 - Google Patents

一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法 Download PDF

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CN109020586A
CN109020586A CN201810741665.6A CN201810741665A CN109020586A CN 109020586 A CN109020586 A CN 109020586A CN 201810741665 A CN201810741665 A CN 201810741665A CN 109020586 A CN109020586 A CN 109020586A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种制备Cf‑包覆Cu/Mg2Si‑Al2O3复合材料的方法，步骤如下：将碳纤维剪短，放入硝酸中，超声酸洗1‑2h，清洗，烘干，放入电镀液中，利用磁力搅拌机将碳纤维进行分散，采用电化学镀铜，镀铜后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗干净，烘干；将Mg粉和Si粉混合，加入Al2O3，然后均匀混入Cf和硬脂酸，放在行星式球磨机中球磨，机械活化后，将混合粉体装入钢模中，冷压制成20mm的粗坯试样，然后将粗坯置于20‑24MPa真空热压烧结炉内于780‑790℃保温1.5‑2.5h，冷却即得。该方法简便、易操作，制备的复合材料纤维分布均匀，材料组织致密．强韧性好、室温力学性能稳定和导电性能良好。

Description

一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法。
背景技术
Mg2Si具有低密度、高熔点、高比强度、高热稳定性等优异性能，使它成为一种潜在的轻质高温结构材料；同时，Mg2Si是一种窄带隙n型半导体，具有高热电势率和低热导率，原料丰富、无毒无污染特点，是一种很有发展潜力的绿色中温热电材料。但是，Mg2Si与其他金属间化合物一样，引起塑性变形和流动性的滑移量较少，使其具有较高的室温脆性。此外，当温度超过800℃或者1000℃后，金属间化合物的强度大幅降低，表现出金属般的塑韧性。室温脆性大和高温强度低两个弊端仍然是阻碍金属间化合物走向实际应用的主要问题，经过近三十年来的努力，虽然在知识层面有了较大的提高和认识，而性能方面的研究仍然没有明显的进展。金属间化合物相对于陶瓷具有一定的塑性，利用二者进行复合，有可能消除金属增韧陶瓷材料的一些弊端，获得性能优异的新型复合材料。在金属间化合物或其他材料中引入碳纤维（Cf）或碳纳米管（CNTs）通常会起到较好的强韧化效果。陶瓷对金属间化合物具有改善高温强度的作用，另外，碳纤维在强韧化金属基复合材料方面具有较广泛的适用性和良好的强韧化效果，并且碳纤维本身高的电导率将会提高复合材料的导电性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法。
本发明通过下面技术方案实现：
一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法，包括如下步骤：将15-25份碳纤维剪短至3mm，放入到含有45-55份质量分数为65%硝酸的烧杯中，置于超声波清洗仪器中，在30-35℃条件下超声酸洗1-2h，酸化后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗至中性，放入干燥箱中于55-65℃烘干，将酸化处理后的短碳纤维放入电镀液中，利用磁力搅拌机将碳纤维进行分散，采用电化学镀铜，镀铜电压为3-4V，时间为45-55min，镀铜后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗干净，然后放入干燥箱中烘干；将25-35份Mg粉和15-25份Si粉混合，加入10-20份Al2O3，然后均匀混入5-10份质量分数为1.5%的Cf和8-14份10%的硬脂酸，放在行星式球磨机中球磨，球磨转速350r/min，球料比9:1，球磨时间为11-13h，为防止球磨过程中发生粘球、粘罐及结块现象，每隔1h停止一次，机械活化后，将混合粉体装入钢模中，冷压制成20mm的粗坯试样，压力为185-195MPa，然后将粗坯置于20-24MPa真空热压烧结炉内于780-790℃保温1.5-2.5h，冷却即得；各原料均为重量份。
优选地，所述的方法中，在32℃条件下超声酸洗1.5h。
优选地，所述的方法中，放入干燥箱中于60℃烘干。
优选地，所述的方法中，镀铜电压为3.5V。
优选地，所述的方法中，时间为50min。
优选地，所述的方法中，球磨时间为12h。
优选地，所述的方法中，压力为190MPa。
优选地，所述的方法中，将粗坯置于22MPa真空热压烧结炉内于785℃保温2h。
本发明技术效果：
该方法简便、快捷、易操作，制备的复合材料纤维分布均匀，材料组织致密．强韧性好、室温力学性能稳定和导电性能良好，可大规模制备。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例具体介绍本发明的实质性内容。
实施例1
一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法，包括如下步骤：将20份碳纤维剪短至3mm，放入到含有50份质量分数为65%硝酸的烧杯中，置于超声波清洗仪器中，在32℃条件下超声酸洗1.5h，酸化后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗至中性，放入干燥箱中于60℃烘干，将酸化处理后的短碳纤维放入电镀液中，利用磁力搅拌机将碳纤维进行分散，采用电化学镀铜，镀铜电压为3.5V，时间为50min，镀铜后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗干净，然后放入干燥箱中烘干；将30份Mg粉和20份Si粉混合，加入15份Al2O3，然后均匀混入8份质量分数为1.5%的Cf和12份10%的硬脂酸，放在行星式球磨机中球磨，球磨转速350r/min，球料比9:1，球磨时间为12h，为防止球磨过程中发生粘球、粘罐及结块现象，每隔1h停止一次，机械活化后，将混合粉体装入钢模中，冷压制成20mm的粗坯试样，压力为190MPa，然后将粗坯置于22MPa真空热压烧结炉内于785℃保温2h，冷却即得；各原料均为重量份。
实施例2
一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法，包括如下步骤：将15份碳纤维剪短至3mm，放入到含有45份质量分数为65%硝酸的烧杯中，置于超声波清洗仪器中，在30℃条件下超声酸洗1h，酸化后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗至中性，放入干燥箱中于55℃烘干，将酸化处理后的短碳纤维放入电镀液中，利用磁力搅拌机将碳纤维进行分散，采用电化学镀铜，镀铜电压为3V，时间为45min，镀铜后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗干净，然后放入干燥箱中烘干；将25份Mg粉和15份Si粉混合，加入10份Al2O3，然后均匀混入5份质量分数为1.5%的Cf和8份10%的硬脂酸，放在行星式球磨机中球磨，球磨转速350r/min，球料比9:1，球磨时间为11h，为防止球磨过程中发生粘球、粘罐及结块现象，每隔1h停止一次，机械活化后，将混合粉体装入钢模中，冷压制成20mm的粗坯试样，压力为185MPa，然后将粗坯置于20MPa真空热压烧结炉内于780℃保温1.5h，冷却即得；各原料均为重量份。
实施例3
一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法，包括如下步骤：将25份碳纤维剪短至3mm，放入到含有55份质量分数为65%硝酸的烧杯中，置于超声波清洗仪器中，在35℃条件下超声酸洗2h，酸化后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗至中性，放入干燥箱中于65℃烘干，将酸化处理后的短碳纤维放入电镀液中，利用磁力搅拌机将碳纤维进行分散，采用电化学镀铜，镀铜电压为4V，时间为55min，镀铜后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗干净，然后放入干燥箱中烘干；将35份Mg粉和25份Si粉混合，加入20份Al2O3，然后均匀混入10份质量分数为1.5%的Cf和14份10%的硬脂酸，放在行星式球磨机中球磨，球磨转速350r/min，球料比9:1，球磨时间为13h，为防止球磨过程中发生粘球、粘罐及结块现象，每隔1h停止一次，机械活化后，将混合粉体装入钢模中，冷压制成20mm的粗坯试样，压力为195MPa，然后将粗坯置于24MPa真空热压烧结炉内于790℃保温2.5h，冷却即得；各原料均为重量份。
该方法简便、快捷、易操作，制备的复合材料纤维分布均匀，材料组织致密．强韧性好、室温力学性能稳定和导电性能良好，可大规模制备。

Claims (8)

1.一种制备Cf-包覆Cu/Mg2Si-Al2O3复合材料的方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：将15-25份碳纤维剪短至3mm，放入到含有45-55份质量分数为65%硝酸的烧杯中，置于超声波清洗仪器中，在30-35℃条件下超声酸洗1-2h，酸化后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗至中性，放入干燥箱中于55-65℃烘干，将酸化处理后的短碳纤维放入电镀液中，利用磁力搅拌机将碳纤维进行分散，采用电化学镀铜，镀铜电压为3-4V，时间为45-55min，镀铜后的碳纤维用蒸馏水清洗干净，然后放入干燥箱中烘干；将25-35份Mg粉和15-25份Si粉混合，加入10-20份Al2O3，然后均匀混入5-10份质量分数为1.5%的Cf和8-14份10%的硬脂酸，放在行星式球磨机中球磨，球磨转速350r/min，球料比9:1，球磨时间为11-13h，为防止球磨过程中发生粘球、粘罐及结块现象，每隔1h停止一次，机械活化后，将混合粉体装入钢模中，冷压制成20mm的粗坯试样，压力为185-195MPa，然后将粗坯置于20-24MPa真空热压烧结炉内于780-790℃保温1.5-2.5h，冷却即得；各原料均为重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：在32℃条件下超声酸洗1.5h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：放入干燥箱中于60℃烘干。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：镀铜电压为3.5V。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：时间为50min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：球磨时间为12h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：压力为190MPa。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：将粗坯置于22MPa真空热压烧结炉内于785℃保温2h。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110172652A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-08-27 江仁燕 一种短切碳纤维增强Mg-Al-Li系合金基复合材料

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