CN109005741B - Seed coat breaking treatment method for liquorice seeds - Google Patents
Seed coat breaking treatment method for liquorice seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN109005741B CN109005741B CN201810982297.4A CN201810982297A CN109005741B CN 109005741 B CN109005741 B CN 109005741B CN 201810982297 A CN201810982297 A CN 201810982297A CN 109005741 B CN109005741 B CN 109005741B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seed coat breaking treatment method of liquorice seeds. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the liquorice seeds to be treated with zirconia beads; (2) the parameters of the high-throughput mill were set to: vertical vibration, oscillation frequency: 500-1800 times/min, and the treatment time of the seeds is 2-30 min; (3) taking out the treated licorice seeds, sterilizing, washing and transferring to MS culture for germination. Experiments prove that the germination rates of the liquorice seeds treated by the method are 95.24 percent (15min) and 95.33 percent (30min), and the germination time is 3-4 days; the germination percentage of the control group (concentrated sulfuric acid treatment) was 82.45%. The germination time is 5-7 days. Therefore, the germination rate and the germination time of the liquorice seeds treated by the method are obviously superior to those of the concentrated sulfuric acid method, the method is simple and reliable, and the damage of concentrated sulfuric acid to operators is avoided while the germination rate of the liquorice seeds is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seed coat breaking treatment method for liquorice seeds, in particular to a method for breaking seed coats of liquorice seeds by adopting a zirconium oxide bead high-frequency collision method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production.
Background
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch belongs to Leguminosae (Leguminosae) plants and Papilionaceae subfamilies, and is mainly distributed in northeast, North China and northwest China. Chinese are eight varieties of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis (Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch.), Glycyrrhiza inflata (Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat.), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Glycyrrhiza glabra Pall.), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Glycyrrhiza glabra Franch.), Glycyrrhiza rotundus (Glycyrrhiza glabra Batal.), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal.), Glycyrrhiza spinosa Maxim.), Glycyrrhiza spinosa Pall (Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora Maxim.), Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis Cheng f.et L.K.Daiex P.C.Li), and Glycyrrhiza glabra non-glandular licorice (Glycyrrhiza Uralensis X.Y.Li). More than 400 compounds are known in licorice, of which triterpenoid saponins and flavonoids are the main active metabolites in licorice.
The seed coat of the liquorice has high keratinization degree, a wax coat covers the seed coat, the water absorption capacity is poor, the liquorice can germinate for about 5 years under the natural sowing condition, and the germination rate is only 10% -15%, so that the artificial planting and scientific research are not facilitated. Therefore, the liquorice seeds need to be subjected to the bark-breaking treatment so as to accelerate the germination of the liquorice seeds.
In the process of liquorice seed peeling treatment, damage to seed organs (cotyledons) must be reduced. The prior liquorice seed breaking method mainly comprises a rice mill grinding method, a concentrated sulfuric acid method and a high-temperature seed soaking treatment method. The grinding method of the rice mill is that liquorice seeds are placed on a grinding disc with the thickness of 3 cm, and the seeds are turned over after being ground. Soaking the ground seeds in warm water of 40 deg.CAnd taking out the seeds, washing the seeds with clear water to remove mucus, and sowing the seeds. The concentrated sulfuric acid treatment method comprises treating the seeds with 80% sulfuric acid per kgStirring uniformly, the channel isAfter hour treatment, the seeds are washed clean with clear water, but the treated seeds must beIt should be dried in the sun for reuse. The time of seed treatment is related to the temperature and the amount of acid added, the treatment time is short when the temperature is high and the treatment time is long when the temperature is low. The high-temperature seed soaking treatment method comprises soaking seeds in 60 deg.C warm waterWhen the seeds are full, most of the seeds are separated from the seeds which do not absorb water into layers, the seeds which are not soaked are below, the soaked seeds are above but not on the surface, the soaked seeds can be floated out along with pouring water, and the steps are repeated for several times until all the soaked seeds are floated out for standby; soaking the seed in 100 deg.C water for 2min, taking out, immediately soaking in cold water, and soaking in 60 deg.C waterAnd h, treating the seeds, washing the mucus with clear water together with the rinsed seeds, and sowing the seeds. The germination rate of the liquorice seeds treated by the rice mill grinding method is generally 88-96%, but the equipment cannot be equipped and purchased in a general scientific research laboratory, and the treatment method needs certain practical experience of operators to judge whether the seeds are damaged. After liquorice seeds are treated by a concentrated sulfuric acid method, the germination rate of the liquorice seeds is below 70%, strong acid concentrated sulfuric acid is needed in the treatment method, the reagent is dangerous, and the concentrated sulfuric acid is not easy to purchase and obtain along with national management and control of dangerous chemical reagents. The germination rate of the liquorice seeds treated by the high-temperature seed soaking method is lower than 40%, the treatment effect is the worst, and the waste of the liquorice seeds is the greatest.
By combining the above steps, the method for breaking the seed coat of the liquorice seeds, which is simple, reliable and easy to operate, is established, and has very important practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple and easy-to-operate seed coat breaking treatment method for high-flux liquorice seeds.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical means:
a seed coat breaking treatment method of liquorice seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the liquorice seeds to be treated with zirconia beads, transferring the mixture into a stainless steel or nylon container matched with a high-flux tissue grinder, and fixing the container on a fixing frame of the high-flux tissue grinder;
(2) the parameters of the high-throughput mill were set to: vertical vibration, oscillation frequency: 500-1800 times/min, and the treatment time of the seeds is 2-30 min;
(3) and (3) after the high-flux grinding machine stops, taking out the liquorice seeds treated in the step (2), carrying out surface disinfection by using 84 disinfectant, washing the seeds for more than 5 times by using sterile water under an aseptic condition, removing residual 84 disinfectant, and respectively transferring all the liquorice seeds subjected to surface disinfection to MS culture for seed germination.
Wherein, the diameter of the zirconia beads in the step (1) is preferably 5-10 mm. More preferably, the zirconia beads have a diameter of 5 mm.
Wherein, the preferred mass ratio of the liquorice seeds to the zirconia beads in the step (1) is 10: 0.5-5. More preferably, the mass ratio of the liquorice seeds to the zirconia beads is 10: 1.
Wherein, preferably, the oscillation frequency in step (2): 900 times/min for 15-30 min.
Wherein, preferably, the germination conditions in step (3) are 25 ℃, 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark.
A comparison experiment proves that the germination rates of the liquorice seeds treated by the method are respectively 95.24% (15min) and 95.33% (30min), and the germination time experimental group is 3-4 days; the germination percentage of the control group (concentrated sulfuric acid treatment) was 82.45%. The germination time is 5-7 days. Therefore, the germination rate and the germination time of the liquorice seeds treated by the method are obviously superior to those of the concentrated sulfuric acid method, the method is simple and reliable, and the damage of concentrated sulfuric acid to operators is avoided while the germination rate of the liquorice seeds is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the germination rates and time comparisons of licorice seeds subjected to two different licorice seed dehulling treatment methods.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are only illustrative and do not limit the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1 Peel-breaking treatment of Glycyrrhiza seeds
1. The treatment method comprises the following steps:
experimental group (high throughput tissue grinder treatment):
the method comprises the following steps: selecting Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds as a material to be treated, mixing 200g of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds with 20g of zirconia beads with the diameter of 5mm, transferring into a stainless steel or nylon container matched with a high-flux tissue grinder, rotating the upper part and the lower part of the container, and fixing on a fixing frame of the high-flux tissue grinder (Tumoragen, CK 2000);
step two: the parameters of the high-throughput mill were set to: vertically vibrating at an oscillation frequency of 900 times/min, setting the treatment time to be 2min, 5min, 10min, 15min and 30min respectively, and starting a high-flux grinding machine;
and step three, after the high-flux grinding machine stops, taking out the liquorice seeds treated in the step two, carrying out surface disinfection by 84 disinfectant stock solution (blue moon), washing the seeds for more than 5 times by using sterile water under the aseptic condition, and removing residual 84 disinfectant. Transferring all liquorice seeds subjected to surface sterilization to MS culture in a super clean bench for seed germination, wherein the germination conditions set by an illumination incubator are 25 ℃, 16 hours of illumination and 8 hours of darkness.
The MS culture medium comprises macroelements: 1.65g/L NH4NO3、1.90g/L KNO3、0.17g/L KH2PO4、0.1807g/L MgSO4·7H2O、0.332g/L CaCl2(ii) a Trace elements: 22.3mg/LMnSO4·4H2O、6.20mg/L H3BO3、0.83mg/L KI、8.60mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.25mg/LNa2MoO4·2H2O、0.025mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、0.025mg/L CoCl2·6H2O、27.8mg/LFeSO4·7H2O、37.3mg/L Na2-EDTA·2H2O, 100mg/L inositol, 0.50mg/L nicotinic acid, 0.50mg/L vitamin B6, 0.10mg/L vitamin B1 and 2.0mg/L glycine.
Control group (concentrated sulfuric acid treatment):
200g of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch seeds are placed into a glass beaker and immersed by a proper amount of concentrated sulfuric acid for 40min, and then a large amount of tap water is used for washing to remove the concentrated sulfuric acid residues. The subsequent treatments were the same as the experimental groups.
2. Results
The results show that: the germination rates of the liquorice seeds treated by the experimental group method are respectively 10.5% (2min), 61.34% (5min), 95.24% (15min) and 95.33% (30 min); the germination rate of the control group was 82.45%. The germination time is 3-4 days in the experimental group, and 5-7 days in the control group. Therefore, the germination rate and the germination time of the liquorice seeds treated by the method are obviously superior to those of the concentrated sulfuric acid method for more than 15 min.
Example 2 Peel-breaking treatment of Glycyrrhiza seeds
1. The treatment method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds as a material to be treated, mixing 200g of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds with 10g of zirconia beads with the diameter of 5mm, transferring into a stainless steel or nylon container matched with a high-flux tissue grinder, rotating the upper part and the lower part of the container, and fixing on a fixing frame of the high-flux tissue grinder (Tumora root, CK 2000);
step two: the parameters of the high-throughput mill were set to: vertically vibrating at a vibration frequency of 1200 times/min, setting the treatment time to be 2min, 5min, 10min, 15min and 30min respectively, and starting a high-flux grinding machine;
and step three, after the high-flux grinding machine stops, taking out the liquorice seeds treated in the step two, carrying out surface disinfection by 84 disinfectant (bluemoon) stock solution, washing the seeds for more than 5 times by using sterile water under the aseptic condition, and removing residual 84 disinfectant. All the liquorice seeds with the surfaces disinfected are respectively transferred to MS culture for seed germination, and the germination conditions of an illumination incubator are set to be 25 ℃, 16 hours of illumination/8 hours of darkness.
The MS culture medium comprises macroelements: 1.65g/L NH4NO3、1.90g/L KNO3、0.17g/LKH2PO4、0.1807g/L MgSO4·7H2O、0.332g/L CaCl2(ii) a Trace elements: 22.3mg/LMnSO4·4H2O、6.20mg/L H3BO3、0.83mg/L KI、8.60mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.25mg/LNa2MoO4·2H2O、0.025mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、0.025mg/L CoCl2·6H2O、27.8mg/LFeSO4·7H2O、37.3mg/L Na2-EDTA·2H2O, 100mg/L inositol, 0.50mg/L nicotinic acid, 0.50mg/L vitamin B6, 0.10mg/L vitamin B1 and 2.0mg/L glycine.
2. Results
The results show that: the germination rates of the liquorice seeds treated by the experimental group method are respectively 11.2% (2min), 55.34% (5min), 92.43% (15min) and 93.21% (30min), and the germination time is 3-4 days.
Example 3 Peel-breaking treatment of Glycyrrhiza seeds
1. The treatment method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds as a material to be treated, mixing 200g of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds with 30g of zirconia beads with the diameter of 5mm, transferring into a stainless steel or nylon container matched with a high-flux tissue grinder, rotating the upper part and the lower part of the container, and fixing on a fixing frame of the high-flux tissue grinder (Tumoragen, CK 2000);
step two: the parameters of the high-throughput mill were set to: vertically vibrating at the oscillation frequency of 1500 times/min, setting the treatment time to be 2min, 5min, 10min, 15min and 30min respectively, and starting a high-flux grinding machine;
and step three, after the high-flux grinding machine stops, taking out the liquorice seeds treated in the step two, carrying out surface disinfection by 84 disinfectant (bluemoon) stock solution, washing the seeds for more than 5 times by using sterile water under the aseptic condition, and removing residual 84 disinfectant. All the liquorice seeds with the surfaces disinfected are respectively transferred to MS culture for seed germination, and the germination conditions of an illumination incubator are set to be 25 ℃, 16 hours of illumination/8 hours of darkness.
The MS culture medium comprises macroelements: 1.65g/L NH4NO3、1.90g/L KNO3、0.17g/LKH2PO4、0.1807g/L MgSO4·7H2O、0.332g/L CaCl2(ii) a Trace elements: 22.3mg/LMnSO4·4H2O、6.20mg/L H3BO3、0.83mg/L KI、8.60mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.25mg/LNa2MoO4·2H2O、0.025mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、0.025mg/L CoCl2·6H2O、27.8mg/LFeSO4·7H2O、37.3mg/L Na2-EDTA·2H2O, 100mg/L inositol, 0.50mg/L nicotinic acid, 0.50mg/L vitamin B6, 0.10mg/L vitamin B1 and 2.0mg/L glycine.
2. Results
The results show that: the germination rates of the liquorice seeds treated by the experimental group method are respectively 25.5% (2min), 68.12% (5min), 95.24% (15min) and 89.32% (30min), and the germination time is 3-4 days.
Claims (5)
1. A seed coat breaking treatment method of liquorice seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing liquorice seeds to be treated with zirconia beads, transferring the mixture into a stainless steel or nylon container matched with a high-flux tissue grinder, and fixing the container on a fixing frame of the high-flux tissue grinder, wherein the high-flux tissue grinder is a CK2000 high-flux tissue grinder, the diameter of the zirconia beads is 5-10mm, and the mass ratio of the liquorice seeds to the zirconia beads is 10: 0.5-5;
(2) the parameters of the high-throughput mill were set to: vertical vibration, oscillation frequency: 500-1800 times/min, and the treatment time of the seeds is 15-30 min;
(3) and (3) after the high-flux grinding machine stops, taking out the liquorice seeds treated in the step (2), carrying out surface disinfection by using 84 disinfectant, washing the seeds for more than 5 times by using sterile water under an aseptic condition, removing residual 84 disinfectant, and respectively transferring all the liquorice seeds subjected to surface disinfection to an MS culture medium for seed germination.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the zirconia beads in step (1) have a diameter of 5 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of licorice seeds to zirconia beads in step (1) is 10: 1.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the oscillation frequency in step (2): 900 times/min.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the germination conditions in step (3) are 25 ℃, 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness.
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