CN108401875A - A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery - Google Patents
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108401875A CN108401875A CN201810574759.9A CN201810574759A CN108401875A CN 108401875 A CN108401875 A CN 108401875A CN 201810574759 A CN201810574759 A CN 201810574759A CN 108401875 A CN108401875 A CN 108401875A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, the present invention includes carrying out specially treated to astragalus membranaceus seed, makes its fast germination, and during rudiment, rudiment liquid is added, ensures the quality after seed germination；To during transplanting after seed germination, distinctive growth substrate is added, has and promotes Radix Astragali nursery growth well, while also there is certain stimulation to it, the growing environment in later stage can be coped with, improve its survival rate；The method for culturing seedlings of the present invention is simply controllable, and the survival rate suitable for industrialization and large-scale production, while the Radix Astragali nursery of present invention gained, which has, to be significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of botanical seedling culturing, and in particular to a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery belongs to plant culture
Technical field.
Background technology
Radix Astragali belongs to leguminous perennial herb, is used as medicine with root.The main pharmacological of Radix Astragali has invigorating qi for strengthening superficies, profit
The curative effects such as urine, pus draining and toxin expelling, myogenic cure mainly shortness of breath, collapse, palpitaition, spontaneous perspiration, physically weak edema, chronic nephritis, dehydration, chronic diarrhea, gas
Void, insufficiency of vital energy and blood, the sinking of qi of middle-jiao have antibacterial anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive diuretic, removing toxic substances cholagogic and other effects, are a kind of common Chinese herbal medicines.It is domestic
Demand of the market to Radix Astragali is very big, wherein there are about 50% for producing Radix Astragali medicine materical crude slice, nearly 50% for Chinese patent drug and extract and system
Agent, but the nearly exhaustion of Genus Astragalus of Local Used Commercial Huang wild resource at present, Radix Astragali is mostly based on cultivation.
Wild Radix Astragali resource is educated close to exhaustion at present both at home and abroad based on cultivation, and during artificial cultivation Radix Astragali
The culture of seedling is extremely important, directly influences the yield and quality of later stage Milkvetch Root, Germination Percentage of Astragalus Membranaceus Seeds in seedling raising process
Very low, the Germination Percentage of Astragalus Membranaceus Seeds disregarded is primarily due to the fine and close cellular layer outside kind of skin and pectin class only 15% or so
Substance keeps astragalus membranaceus seed permeability poor, and the saturating shell of seed bud is difficult；And the seed that maturity is better, subsurface enamel layer is thicker, if
It deals with improperly, germination percentage is difficult more than 50%.This has become the restraining factors that can not be ignored in astragalus cultivation, direct shadow
The production of Radix Astragali is rung, therefore, the research to astragalus membranaceus seed sprouting condition is the premise work of Radix Astragali standardized cultivation, is planted in Radix Astragali
It is of great significance in training production, while seed germination is the first step, after seed germination, for the cultivation of nursery
Particularly important, the nursery obtained by good cultivation survival rate during again and again is significantly increased.
Based on above-mentioned problem, the present invention develops a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, and method through the invention makes
Astragalus membranaceus seed germination rate is high, nursery vitality is strong, transplanting survival rate is high.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method for Radix Astragali nursery, the present invention
Tender method is enough that astragalus membranaceus seed germination rate significantly improves, and obtained nursery vitality is strong, and transplanting survival rate is high, while side of the present invention
Method is simply controllable, is suitable for industrialization and normalized operation, can improve the yield of Radix Astragali, and then generate larger social effect.
In order to realize that foregoing invention, embodiment are as follows：
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
（One）Suitable astragalus membranaceus seed is taken, the 2-4 times of water measured is added, is heated to 40-60 DEG C, alkali conditioning agent is added, adjusts pH value
For 7-8, complex enzyme is added, digests 10-50 minutes, filtering.
Preferably, the astragalus membranaceus seed is pod membrane astragalus membranaceus seed, and Growing years are not less than 3 years.
Preferably, the alkali conditioning agent include one kind in sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or
Person is several, preferably sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, the complex enzyme is made of cellulose complex enzyme and protease, and composition mass ratio is 1:0.2-
0.6。
（Two）By filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiate 0.5-1.5 hours in the UV lamp.
Preferably, it is described wash with water seed can be dipped in water clean, water can also be used and rinse the surface of the seed.
（Three）Seed is placed in seed germination liquid, a rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted.
Preferably, the seed is below seed germination liquid level.
Preferably, the rudiment liquid is made of urea, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, water, forms mass ratio
Example is 1:0.1:0.1:0.05:50-150；Preparation method is as follows：
Urea is soluble in water, add potassium citrate, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, stirring is to being completely dissolved, you can.
（Four）The seed of germination is taken out, is placed in growth substrate, maintains the temperature at 10-30 DEG C, until after sprout can transplant
.
Preferably, the growth substrate is by urea, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, excrement, Folium Astragali rot and water group
At the mass ratio row of component are followed successively by：
Preferably, the growth substrate component mass ratio 1:0.1:0.1:10-30:30-50.
Further, the excrement includes cow dung, pig manure and other poultry manures.
Further, the Folium Astragali rot preparation method is as follows：
Folium Astragali is smashed to pieces, addition is equivalent to 2-4 times of Radix Astragali leaf quality and measures water, closed placement 10-20 days, and addition is equivalent to Radix Astragali
The argol that 0.1-0.3 times of leaf is measured just, stirs, after placing 10-20 days, you can.
" argol is just " refers to by poultry manure, and after drying, moisture controls the excrement between 5-15%.
The method have the characteristics that handling astragalus membranaceus seed shell in a manner of enzymolysis, make its fragile budding, mode of action can
Control, is not easy to hurt Interior Seed, can improve the germination percentage of seed；Potassium citrate and sodium citrate are added in rudiment liquid, not only
Potassium and sodium trace element are provided, while citric acid is acidified astragalus membranaceus seed shell parts substance, promotes seed germination；Grow base
The rot of Folium Astragali is added in matter, Folium Astragali is fermented to obtain by microorganism in excrement, so that Folium Astragali is resolved into more
Kind element has good facilitation since Folium Astragali is similar to the component of Radix Astragali root to the growth of Radix Astragali seedling.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. the preparation method of the present invention is simply controllable, be with industrialization and industrialization, bring stronger economic benefit for society.
2. the present invention astragalus membranaceus seed shell is abolished by way of enzymolysis, make its it is fragile go out germination, mode of action is controllable, no
Interior Seed easily is hurt, the germination percentage of seed can be improved.
3. the Radix Astragali seedling replanting survival probability that the present invention obtains significantly improves.
Specific implementation mode
Main points in order to better understand the present invention are now described in further detail foregoing invention by specific embodiment, but following realities
Example is applied to should not be understood as to further limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
1, it takes suitable Growing years to be not less than 3 years astragalus membranaceus seeds, the water of 3 times of amounts is added, be heated to 50 DEG C, alkali is added and adjusts
Agent, it is 7 to adjust pH value, and complex enzyme is added, and complex enzyme is made of cellulose complex enzyme and protease, and composition mass ratio is 1:
0.4, it digests 30 minutes, filtering.
2, it by filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiates 1 hour in the UV lamp.
3, seed is placed in seed germination liquid, rudiment liquid is by urea, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, water group
At composition mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.1:0.05:100.A rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted.
4, by the seed of germination take out, be placed in growth substrate, growth substrate by urea, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, excrement,
Folium Astragali rot and water composition, mass ratio row are followed successively by：1:0.1:0.1:20:40.20 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, until sprout
After capable of transplanting.
Folium Astragali rot preparation method is：Folium Astragali is smashed to pieces, addition is equivalent to 3 times of amount water of Radix Astragali leaf quality, closed
It places 15 days, is added and is equivalent to 0.2 times of argol measured of Folium Astragali just, stirring, after placing 15 days, you can.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
1, it takes suitable Growing years to be not less than 3 years astragalus membranaceus seeds, the water of 4 times of amounts is added, be heated to 60 DEG C, alkali is added and adjusts
Agent, it is 8 to adjust pH value, and complex enzyme is added, and complex enzyme is made of cellulose complex enzyme and protease, and composition mass ratio is 1:
0.6, it digests 50 minutes, filtering.
2, it by filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiates 1.5 hours in the UV lamp.
3, seed is placed in seed germination liquid, rudiment liquid is by urea, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, water group
At composition mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.1:0.05:150.A rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted.
4, by the seed of germination take out, be placed in growth substrate, growth substrate by urea, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, excrement,
Folium Astragali rot and water composition, mass ratio row are followed successively by：1:0.1:0.1:30:50.30 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, until sprout
After capable of transplanting.
Folium Astragali rot preparation method is：Folium Astragali is smashed to pieces, addition is equivalent to 4 times of amount water of Radix Astragali leaf quality, closed
It places 20 days, is added and is equivalent to 0.3 times of argol measured of Folium Astragali just, stirring, after placing 20 days, you can.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
1, it takes suitable Growing years to be not less than 3 years astragalus membranaceus seeds, the water of 2 times of amounts is added, be heated to 40 DEG C, alkali is added and adjusts
Agent, it is 7 to adjust pH value, and complex enzyme is added, and complex enzyme is made of cellulose complex enzyme and protease, and composition mass ratio is 1:
0.2, it digests 10 minutes, filtering.
2, it by filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiates 0.5 hour in the UV lamp.
3, seed is placed in seed germination liquid, rudiment liquid is by urea, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, water group
At composition mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.1:0.05:50.A rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted.
4, by the seed of germination take out, be placed in growth substrate, growth substrate by urea, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, excrement,
Folium Astragali rot and water composition, mass ratio row are followed successively by：1:0.1:0.1:10:30.10 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, until sprout
After capable of transplanting.
Folium Astragali rot preparation method is：Folium Astragali is smashed to pieces, addition is equivalent to 2 times of amount water of Radix Astragali leaf quality, closed
It places 10 days, is added and is equivalent to 0.1 times of argol measured of Folium Astragali just, stirring, after placing 10 days, you can.
Comparative example 1
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
1, it takes suitable Growing years to be not less than 3 years astragalus membranaceus seeds, the water of 3 times of amounts is added, be heated to 50 DEG C, impregnate 30 points
Clock, filtering.
2, it by filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiates 1 hour in the UV lamp.
3, seed is placed in seed germination liquid, rudiment liquid is by urea, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, water group
At composition mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.1:0.05:100.A rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted.
4, by the seed of germination take out, be placed in growth substrate, growth substrate by urea, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, excrement,
Folium Astragali rot and water composition, mass ratio row are followed successively by：1:0.1:0.1:20:40.20 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, until sprout
After capable of transplanting.
Folium Astragali rot preparation method is：Folium Astragali is smashed to pieces, addition is equivalent to 3 times of amount water of Radix Astragali leaf quality, closed
It places 15 days, is added and is equivalent to 0.2 times of argol measured of Folium Astragali just, stirring, after placing 15 days, you can.
Comparative example 2
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
1, it takes suitable Growing years to be not less than 3 years astragalus membranaceus seeds, the water of 3 times of amounts is added, be heated to 50 DEG C, alkali is added and adjusts
Agent, it is 7 to adjust pH value, and complex enzyme is added, and complex enzyme is made of cellulose complex enzyme and protease, and composition mass ratio is 1:
0.4, it digests 30 minutes, filtering.
2, it by filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiates 1 hour in the UV lamp.
3, seed is placed in seed germination liquid, rudiment liquid is made of urea, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, calcium sulfate, water, group
It is 1 at mass ratio:0.1:0.1:0.05:100.A rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted.
4, the seed of germination is taken out, is placed in soil and cultivates, until after sprout can transplants.
Comparative example 3
A kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
1, it takes suitable Growing years to be not less than 3 years astragalus membranaceus seeds, the water of 3 times of amounts is added, be heated to 50 DEG C, impregnate 30 points
Clock, filtering.
2, it by filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiates 1 hour in the UV lamp.
3, seed is placed in seed germination liquid, rudiment liquid is by urea, sulfuric acid acid potassium, sulfuric acid acid sodium, calcium sulfate, water group
At composition mass ratio is 1:0.1:0.1:0.05:100.A rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted.
4, the seed of germination is taken out, is placed in soil and cultivates, until after sprout can transplants.
Astragalus membranaceus seed germination rate is investigated
Choose the similar high-quality astragalus membranaceus seed of 300 sizes, be randomly divided into 6 groups, every group 50, respectively according to embodiment 1-3 and
The method of comparative example 1-3 is cultivated, and the growing environment of nursery is consistent after transplanting, after calculating seed germination rate and transplanting
Survival rate, following table be different astragalus membranaceus seed groups breeding method corresponding with its, as a result such as following table：
According to above-mentioned breeding method, the germination rate of every group of seed is recorded, it is as a result as follows：
Seed after above-mentioned rudiment is cultivated, is transplanted, under same environment（Radix Astragali is simulated by Polyhouse technology to move
Plant the temperature in season（20-25℃）And humidity（50-70%））, calculate the survival rate of seedling：
From above-mentioned test result it is found that through the invention, the survival rate of seedling of astragalus membranaceus seed is significantly increased.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery, comprises the steps of：
（1）Suitable astragalus membranaceus seed is taken, the 2-4 times of water measured is added, is heated to 40-60 DEG C, alkali conditioning agent is added, adjusting pH value is
Complex enzyme is added in 7-8, digests 10-50 minutes, filtering；
（2）By filtered seed, washes with water to surface without dirt, irradiate 0.5-1.5 hours in the UV lamp；
（3）Seed is placed in seed germination liquid, a rudiment liquid was changed every 3 days, until seed broken shell is sprouted；
（4）The seed of germination is taken out, is placed in growth substrate, maintains the temperature at 10-30 DEG C, until after sprout can transplant.
2. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkali conditioning agent includes hydrogen-oxygen
Change the one or several kinds in sodium, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, preferably sodium hydroxide.
3. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the complex enzyme is answered by cellulose
Synthase and protease composition, composition mass ratio are 1:0.2-0.6.
4. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rudiment liquid is by urea, citron
Sour potassium, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, water composition, composition mass ratio are 1:0.1:0.1:0.05:50-150.
5. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the rudiment liquid
It is as follows：
Urea is soluble in water, add potassium citrate, sodium citrate, calcium sulfate, stirring is to being completely dissolved, you can.
6. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the growth substrate is by urea, sulphur
Sour potassium, sodium sulphate, excrement, Folium Astragali rot and water composition.
7. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the growth substrate component quality
Ratio 1:0.1:0.1:10-30:30-50.
8. a kind of method of Radix Astragali nursery according to claim 7, it is characterised in that prepared by the Folium Astragali rot
Method is as follows：
Folium Astragali is smashed to pieces, addition is equivalent to 2-4 times of Radix Astragali leaf quality and measures water, closed placement 10-20 days, and addition is equivalent to Radix Astragali
The argol that 0.1-0.3 times of leaf is measured just, stirs, after placing 10-20 days, you can.
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| CN111296261A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-19 | 内蒙古自治区生物技术研究院 | Astragalus membranaceus seedling culture method with high content of astragaloside |
| CN111587774A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-28 | 内蒙古自治区生物技术研究院 | Method for raising astragalus membranaceus seedlings with high flavone content |
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| CN114190266A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Rapid salvia miltiorrhiza seedling raising method suitable for middle and low mountainous areas in southwest |
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| CN111296261B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-09-21 | 内蒙古自治区生物技术研究院 | Astragalus membranaceus seedling culture method with high content of astragaloside |
| CN111587774A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-28 | 内蒙古自治区生物技术研究院 | Method for raising astragalus membranaceus seedlings with high flavone content |
| CN111587773A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-28 | 内蒙古自治区生物技术研究院 | Rapid soilless green seedling culture method for astragalus membranaceus |
| CN114190266A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Rapid salvia miltiorrhiza seedling raising method suitable for middle and low mountainous areas in southwest |
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