CN108979641B - Construction method for underground structure - Google Patents
Construction method for underground structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108979641B CN108979641B CN201710400045.1A CN201710400045A CN108979641B CN 108979641 B CN108979641 B CN 108979641B CN 201710400045 A CN201710400045 A CN 201710400045A CN 108979641 B CN108979641 B CN 108979641B
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- box
- box culvert
- shaped ceiling
- concrete box
- concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
Abstract
The invention provides an underground structure installation construction method, which is used as a protection construction for advancing a concrete box culvert construction method, can make the earth covering of the structure shallow, can shorten an installation path section, is easy to be applied in the existing urban area, can reduce the overall construction cost of an underground passage, can be applied under the condition of long transverse length, and is economical because a box-shaped ceiling used for the protection construction can be reused. In a protection construction for propelling a concrete box culvert installed as an underground structure, a box ceiling formed of steel pipes of a box-shaped tubular body having a rectangular cross section is arranged so as to coincide with the outer edge of a predetermined concrete box culvert to be installed, the box ceiling is pushed in between a departure shaft and an arrival shaft which penetrate the entire length of a cross section, the concrete box culvert is installed behind the box ceiling, the box ceiling is pushed out, the concrete box culvert is propelled, and the box ceiling and the concrete box culvert are replaced.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a construction method for an underground structure, which can construct an existing underground structure without causing an obstacle to upper traffic when a wide underground structure is constructed in a transverse direction in a lower ground of a railway, a route, or the like.
Background
In a railway or the like, a construction method for constructing a structure crossing underground is a temporary line method and a line reservation method (a construction truss method) which are the open cut method, which are the first mainstream. However, as the number of train rows increases, it is difficult to adopt the open cut method in which many in-line operations are performed. Therefore, an excavation method has been developed as a construction method capable of constructing an underground structure under a track while ensuring train operation. This is called a push method, and as shown in fig. 26, a precast concrete box culvert 1 (box culvert) as an underground structure made of large reinforced concrete is pushed in.
The propulsion is performed by: a knife edge 2 realized by a steel cover is installed at the front end of the precast concrete box culvert 1 (box culvert), the interior of the knife edge 2 is excavated, a gap is arranged in the front, and the precast concrete box culvert 1 is pushed by a forward-pushing jack 4 arranged in a starting vertical shaft 3.
In the figure, 9 is an arrival shaft, and the departure shaft 3 and the arrival shaft 9 are constructed by retaining soil with a soil retaining member 13 via a crossing portion below the upper traffic 8 such as a line.
In the figure, 5 is a reaction wall provided in the starting shaft 3, 6 is a column, and 7 is foundation concrete. In addition, the concrete box culvert 1 is extended long by connecting rectangular unit culverts 1a having a width of about 1 to 2m in series.
In this way, the concrete box culvert 1 is pushed under the upper traffic 8 such as a road, and if the knife edge 2 is exposed in the arrival shaft 9, the knife edge 2 is removed, and the concrete box culvert 1 buried therein is used as another underground structure such as a tunnel.
However, in order to tunnel a wide precast concrete box culvert (box culvert) 1 in the transverse direction in the lower ground of a railway, a route, or the like, a protection construction for supporting upper traffic is required, and as such a protection construction, a pipe shed method in which pipe sheds, etc. are horizontally connected in parallel, is conventionally cited.
The pipe-roofing method is a construction method in which a pipe roofing 16 (steel pipe) is inserted under a line as protection construction of the line in advance, and after the line is reserved one steel pipe by one steel pipe through a supporting member, earth and stones under the pipe roofing 16 are excavated to construct a concrete box culvert 1.
As shown in fig. 27, the pipe box 16 is constructed by continuously arranging steel pipes so as to surround the upper and side portions of the concrete box culvert 1 having a rectangular cross section into a portal frame, and the concrete box culvert 1 is bored in the frame formed by the pipe box 16 at intervals of several tens of centimeters.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
As described above, the propulsion method shown in fig. 26 is a method of propelling the concrete box culvert 1 by the forward jack 4 provided in the starting shaft 3, and the frictional resistance to the concrete box culvert 1 received from the soil increases as the laying length of the concrete box culvert 1 increases, and accordingly, strong propulsion is required, and the forward jack also becomes a large-sized jack.
In the pipe-shed method, the main structure is driven into the shed or wall in which pipes (steel pipes) are horizontally laid in an arch or column shape, and the top end position of the concrete box culvert 1 is pushed to a deep position by the amount of the earth and the diameter of the pipes (steel pipes).
Further, since the pipes forming the pipe shed 16 cannot be removed, there is a problem that the construction cost is increased.
An object of the present invention is to provide an installation and construction method of an underground structure, which can eliminate the problems of the conventional example and perform protection construction when a concrete box culvert is advanced, so that the earth covering of the structure can be shallow, the installation path gradient can be reduced, an underground tunnel which is safe and convenient to use can be installed, and the installation path section can be shortened, so that the method can be easily applied to the conventional urban area, the excavation depth of the whole construction can be shallow, the construction cost of the whole underground tunnel can be reduced, the structure can be manufactured in a bright state which is easy to manage, the protection construction can be applied even when the transverse length is long because a box frame structure can be installed, and the box ceiling which is used for the protection construction can be reused, so that the method is economical.
Technical solution for solving technical problem
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is a method for installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: in a protection construction for propelling a concrete box culvert installed as an underground structure, a box ceiling formed of steel pipes of a box-shaped tubular body having a rectangular cross section is arranged so as to coincide with the outer edge of a predetermined concrete box culvert to be installed, the box ceiling is pushed in advance between a departure shaft and an arrival shaft which penetrate the entire length of a cross section, the concrete box culvert is installed behind the box ceiling, the box ceiling is pushed out, the concrete box culvert is propelled, and the box ceiling and the concrete box culvert are replaced.
According to the present invention of the first aspect, the box-shaped ceiling to be used for the protection construction is a box-shaped tubular steel pipe having a rectangular cross section, and the box-shaped ceiling can be arranged so as to match the outer edge of a predetermined concrete box culvert to be installed, whereby the covering soil of the structure can be made shallow.
Further, the earth covering (α, β) of the structure can be made shallow, and the gradient of the installation route can be made gentle, whereby a safe and easy-to-use underground tunnel can be provided. Fig. 28 shows a comparison between the present invention and a conventional example.
Further, since the installation route section can be shortened, the construction method can be easily applied to existing urban areas, and the excavation depth of the entire construction becomes shallow, so that the construction cost of the entire underground tunnel becomes low.
Further, the structure concrete box culvert can be manufactured in a light state which is easy to manage without causing the transverse section to continue in an unstable state for a long period of time as in an open excavation method in which a large groove in the ground is manufactured while retaining soil and a concrete structure form frame is formed therein, and a concrete construction method in which a support is assembled and excavation is performed therein to form a concrete structure by placing concrete at a site formed by a reserved support.
By using a box-shaped ceiling, a box-shaped frame structure can be provided, and the present invention is also applicable to a case where the transverse length is long.
Compared with a pipe shed, the box-shaped ceiling can be reused, and therefore, the box-shaped ceiling is economical.
A second aspect of the present invention is a method for installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: the friction cutting plate made of a strip steel plate is placed on the outer side surface of the box-shaped ceiling and pushed into the space between the starting shaft and the arrival shaft, the end of the friction cutting plate is fixed to the starting shaft side, the friction cutting plate is left when the box-shaped ceiling is pushed out, the concrete box culvert is tunneled on the inner side of the friction cutting plate, and the friction cutting plate forms friction cutting with the foundation when the concrete box culvert is pushed.
According to the present invention of the second aspect, since the box-shaped ceiling is a box-shaped cylindrical body having a rectangular cross section, a friction cutting plate as a steel plate for friction cutting can be placed on an outer surface (for example, an upper surface) of the box-shaped ceiling, and the friction cutting plate is left in the ground when the box culvert is installed, thereby cutting the edge with the foundation, and preventing deformation of the upper foundation.
In addition, the installation position of the box culvert can be made shallow by the pushing out of the box-shaped ceiling and the effect of the friction cutting plate.
A third aspect of the present invention is a method for installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: the box-shaped ceiling is a member in which unit cylinders are press-fitted one by one, joint flanges for bolt-joining are formed at end portions, and the joint flanges are connected to each other by bolts or nuts, whereby a necessary length is extended one by one in the longitudinal direction and embedded.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the box-shaped ceiling can secure a predetermined length by connecting the unit cylinders with bolts and nuts, and can secure strength against flexure and the like even when the unit cylinders are made to have a predetermined length by connecting the joint flanges with bolts and nuts.
Furthermore, when the box-shaped ceiling is removed, if the bolts and nuts are disconnected, the ceiling can be separated one by one and can be easily collected without being cut, and further, the ceiling can be reused, which is economical.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: the corner of the end of the unit cylinder is a thinned portion which is open to the outside, and the bolt and the nut are connected to the thinned portion.
According to the present invention of the fourth aspect, in addition to the effects of the third aspect, the following effects are exhibited: since the bolts and nuts to be connected are housed in the thinned portion, the connection and disconnection work can be performed from the outside of the box-shaped ceiling without causing any interference such as protrusion and pushing.
A fifth aspect of the present invention is a method for installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: the box-shaped ceiling is formed with hook-shaped or flat-plate-shaped joints continuously on the side and in the longitudinal direction.
According to the present invention of the fifth aspect, since the box ceilings arranged in the horizontal direction are connected to each other via the joints formed on the side surfaces, the box ceilings buried first can be sequentially pushed as the reference guides, and the insertion of earth and stones can be prevented by the joints.
A seventh aspect of the present invention is a method of installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: the box-shaped ceiling is arranged in a flat plate shape so as to correspond to a ceiling of a concrete box culvert to be pushed, a steel blade serving as a tunneling excavation working space is provided at a front end of the concrete box culvert provided behind the box-shaped ceiling, and the concrete box culvert is pushed while the tunneling section excavates in the blade.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, as a propulsion construction method of a concrete box culvert installed in an underground structure, a propulsion method is provided in which a concrete box culvert provided with a knife edge as a working space for excavation and excavation is installed, and a box-shaped ceiling is pushed out while excavation is performed in the knife edge, and the concrete box culvert is propelled, and the box-shaped ceiling can be pushed out by a propulsion force (a propulsion jack or a traction jack) for propelling the concrete box culvert from the concrete box culvert.
An eighth aspect of the present invention is a method of installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: and a small jack is arranged between the rear end of the box-shaped ceiling and the concrete box culvert, and the small jack subjected to the reaction force of the concrete box culvert is used for alternately propelling the box-shaped ceiling and the concrete box culvert.
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the small jacks are extended and the box-shaped ceilings are sequentially pushed one by one with the concrete box culvert as a reaction body, if all the box-shaped ceilings have advanced, the small jacks are contracted, and the concrete box culvert 1 is driven this time, it is not necessary to rely on a large-sized pushing device, and therefore, the present invention is suitable for a case where the transverse extension of construction is long, a case where the entire width of the box culvert is large, and the like.
A ninth aspect of the present invention is a method for installing and constructing an underground structure, comprising: the box-shaped ceiling is arranged in a quadrangular shape corresponding to the outer shape of a concrete box culvert to be pushed, a soil blocking member is arranged in a tunneling part surrounded by the box-shaped ceiling, and when the box-shaped ceiling is pushed out, the soil and stones in the part surrounded by the box-shaped ceiling are pushed out without excavating the tunneling part.
According to the invention of the ninth aspect, when the box culvert is pushed in after the box ceiling is pushed in, since the box culvert is pushed in and the soil and stones of the excavation section are pushed out together with the box ceiling, it is not necessary to separately perform the work of excavating the excavation section, and it is possible to achieve cost reduction and reduction of the construction period, and it is also possible to improve safety by omitting the excavation work of the excavation section accompanied by danger, and it is possible to disperse the reaction force resistance for advancing the box culvert, and it is not necessary to use large-scale equipment.
Effects of the invention
As described above, the construction method of the underground structure according to the present invention can be applied to existing urban areas because the earth covering of the structure can be made shallow as the protective construction in the advancing construction method of the concrete box culvert, so that the installation route gradient is made gentle, the safe and easy-to-use underground tunnel can be installed, the installation route section can be shortened, the construction cost of the underground tunnel as a whole becomes inexpensive because the excavation depth of the whole construction becomes shallow, the structure can be manufactured in a bright state which is easy to manage, and the protective construction can be applied even when the transverse length is long because the box-shaped frame structure can be installed, and the roof as the protective construction can be reused, thereby being economical.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view showing an example of arrangement of a box-shaped ceiling in a construction method for constructing a ground structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view showing another example of arrangement of a box-shaped ceiling in the construction method of the underground structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a method of connecting box-shaped ceilings.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a state where the box-shaped ceiling is removed.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the joint portion of the box-shaped ceiling.
Fig. 6 is a front view showing the arrangement of the box-shaped ceiling and the friction cutting plate.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of fixing the friction cutting plate.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing another example of fixing of the friction cutting plate.
Fig. 9 is a side view showing the pushing of the box-shaped ceiling.
Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a joint pattern of the box-shaped ceiling.
Fig. 11 is a side view of the first step of the construction method for constructing a civil structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a side view of the second step of the construction method for constructing a civil structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a side view of the third step of the construction method for constructing a civil structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a side view of the fourth step of the construction method for constructing a civil structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a side view of the method for constructing a structure in the ground according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a side view of a method for constructing a structure in the ground according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a side view of a third embodiment of the construction method for constructing a civil structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a side view of a fourth embodiment of the construction method for constructing a underground structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a side view of a fifth embodiment of the construction method for constructing a civil structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a side view of the box-shaped ceiling before being pushed in the sixth embodiment of the construction method for constructing a underground structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 21 is an enlarged side view of a box-shaped ceiling before being pushed in a sixth embodiment of a construction method for constructing a underground structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 22 is a side view of the pushed box-shaped ceiling according to the sixth embodiment of the construction method for constructing a underground structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 23 is an enlarged side view of a box-shaped ceiling in a sixth embodiment of the construction method for constructing a underground structure according to the present invention after pushing.
Fig. 24 is a side view of a pre-process in the seventh embodiment of the construction method for a civil structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 25 is a side view of a post-step of the seventh embodiment of the construction method for constructing a civil structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 26 is a side view showing a propulsion method as a conventional example.
Fig. 27 is a front view showing a pipe shed protection construction according to a conventional propulsion method.
Fig. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing a comparison between the present invention and a conventional example.
Description of the reference numerals
1 concrete box culvert
1a unit box culvert
2 knife edge
3 vertical shaft
4 front pushing jack
5 reaction force wall
6 support
7 foundation concrete
8 overhead traffic
9 reach shaft
10 traction jack
11 fixing piece
12 PC steel wire
13 soil retaining member
14 soil and stone discharging pipe
15 internal pushing jack
16 pipe shed
17 box-shaped ceiling
17a unit cylinder
17b joint
17c connecting flange
18 knife edge tube
19 bolt and nut
20 thinned part
21 friction cutting plate
22 small jack
23 soil retaining member
24 jack storage tube
26 securing element
29 starting platform
30 jack carrier bar
31 bearing wall
32 reaction force body.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The present invention uses a box-shaped ceiling 17 as a rectangular-section box-shaped cylindrical steel pipe for protection construction.
The box-shaped ceiling 17 protects the line or the like instead of the pipe shed, and the construction method of setting the structure body under the line while pushing out the box-shaped ceiling 17 does not need to construct the protection construction of the underground structure which is driven into the ground as a separate construction, but is performed simultaneously with the driving of the underground structure, so that the construction can be completed safely, reliably and inexpensively, and the construction can be performed on shallow soil.
The box-shaped ceiling 17 is a ceiling formed by connecting unit tubular bodies 17a to each other to a predetermined length, and the unit tubular bodies 17a are box-shaped tubular bodies having a substantially square cross section of 800 × 800(mm), and the unit tubular bodies 17a having a length of 3 to 6m are connected in series in the longitudinal direction, embedded to a necessary length, and connected in parallel in the lateral direction via a joint.
As shown in fig. 3, 5, and 6, the unit tubular body 17a of the box-shaped ceiling 17 has connecting flanges 17c formed at four corners of the end portion, and the connecting flanges 17c are connected to each other by bolts and nuts 19, or the four corners of the end portion of the unit tubular body 17a are formed into thinned portions 20 opened outward, and the thinned portions 20 are connected to each other by the bolts and nuts 19.
When the thinned portion 20 is provided in this manner, the fastening and releasing operation of the bolt and nut 19 can be performed from the outside of the box-shaped ceiling. Fig. 4 shows the removed state of the box-shaped ceiling.
The box-shaped ceiling 17 is provided with a friction cutting plate 21 made of a strip-shaped steel plate having a plate thickness of 9 to 12mm on the outer surface such as the upper surface, and the length of the friction cutting plate 21 is approximately the same as that of the unit cylinder 17a, and when the unit cylinders 17a are connected, the friction cutting plate is extended by welding.
A joint 17b is formed continuously in the longitudinal direction on the side surface of the unit cylinder 17a of the box-shaped ceiling 17, and the joint 17b is a hook-shaped or flat-plate-shaped joint, and the pattern thereof is shown in fig. 10.
The arrangement method of the box-shaped ceilings 17 includes a gate-type arrangement in which the ceiling and the side wall plate are combined as shown in fig. 1, and a rectangular arrangement in which the ceiling, the side wall plate, and the bottom plate are combined as shown in fig. 2, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the concrete box culvert 1, and the like, depending on the shape of the concrete box culvert 1.
As a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, a retaining member 13 such as a steel plate column is driven beside an upper traffic such as a railway, the departure shaft 3 and the arrival shaft 9 are built, and as shown in fig. 9, a forward jack 4 is provided as a pusher in the departure shaft 3, and the unit cylinders 17a of the box-shaped ceiling 17 are pushed into the arrival shaft 9 one by the forward jack 4.
A blade pipe 18 is attached to the front end of the box-shaped ceiling 17, and excavation is performed by driving with a machine such as a human power or a drilling machine. In the figure, 14 denotes a soil and rock discharging pipe for discharging excavated soil and rock.
Further, a friction cutting plate 21 is attached to the upper surface of the box-shaped ceiling 17, and is disposed in the ground by being pushed out together with the box-shaped ceiling 17, and the friction cutting plate 21 is fixed to the hoistway 3 side by a fixing member 26. Fig. 7 and 8 show examples of fixing the friction cutting plate 21.
The friction cutting plate 21 is configured to weld only the front end to the front end of the box-shaped ceiling 17, for example, the aforementioned blade pipe 18, and the other parts are not fixed and are set in a state of being merely mounted, and are pushed out together with the box-shaped ceiling 17.
The box-shaped ceiling 17 is a box-shaped ceiling in which the unit tubular bodies 17a are press-fitted one by one, each of which is elongated in the longitudinal direction and is embedded to a necessary length up to the departure shaft 3 and the arrival shaft 9, and further, a second root and a third root … are embedded in order with respect to the first one thus embedded and are connected in parallel.
Next, as shown in fig. 13, a concrete box culvert 1 as an underground structure is placed in the starting shaft 3, a forward jack 4 is provided between the reaction wall 5 and the concrete box culvert 1, and a blade 2 is provided at the tip of the concrete box culvert 1.
Excavating the earth and stones tunneled in the blade 2 and in front. The box-shaped ceiling 17 functions as a protective structure.
Since the excavation is performed to form a gap of an extent that the soil can be removed, the box-shaped ceiling 17 is pushed while the friction cutting plate 21 is left through the concrete box culvert 1 while the concrete box culvert 1 is pushed by extending the forward jack 4.
The concrete box culvert 1 advances on the inner side of the friction cutting plate 21, and the friction cutting plate 21 forms friction cutting with the foundation when the concrete box culvert 1 advances.
In the figure 6 is shown a strut between the forward jack 4 and the reaction wall 5.
In this way, the box-shaped ceiling 17 and the concrete box culvert 1 are simultaneously advanced, and if a part of the unit tubular body 17a of the box-shaped ceiling 17 is completely exposed in the shaft 9, the bolts and nuts 19 connected to the connecting flanges 17c are released, and the box-shaped ceiling is divided in the longitudinal direction and sequentially removed.
Then, if the front end of the concrete box culvert 1 reaches the vertical shaft 9, the knife edge 2 is removed, and the cement paste is appropriately backfilled to complete the construction.
In addition, the concrete box culvert 1 can be connected by sequentially hanging and descending the prefabricated unit box culverts 1a in the starting shaft 3, and can also be additionally provided with necessary length by driving concrete in the starting shaft 3.
Fig. 16 is a diagram showing a second embodiment, in which a concrete box culvert 1 is provided so as to be divided into a plurality of concrete box culverts, and the inner jack 15 is installed between the concrete box culverts 1.
The plurality of concrete box culverts 1 are alternately advanced by the forward pushing jacks 4 and the inward pushing jacks 15, and for example, in order to push out the concrete box culverts 1 ahead, the inward pushing jacks 15 are extended by using the rear concrete box culverts 1 supported by the forward pushing jacks 4 as reaction forces.
The rear concrete box culvert 1 is pushed out by restoring the extended inward pushing jack 15 to a free state and extending the forward pushing jack 4. The case where the box-shaped ceiling 17 and the concrete box culvert 1 are simultaneously advanced is the same as in the first embodiment.
Fig. 17 is a view showing a third embodiment, in which the concrete box culvert 1 is pulled in from the arrival side by using the central hole type traction jack 10 and the traction member implemented by the PC steel wire 12.
The reaction body 32 having the pressure receiving wall 31 is provided on the arrival side, and one end of the PC wire 12 is fixed by the fixing member 11 while passing through the reaction body 32 and the pressure receiving wall 31.
A jack carrier beam 30 is provided at the rear end of the concrete box culvert 1, and a traction jack 10 is provided therein, and the concrete box culvert 1 is pushed out by pulling the PC steel wire 12 with the traction jack 10.
Fig. 18 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment, and is a diagram in which the forward jack 4 of the first embodiment, the center hole type traction jack 10 of the third embodiment, and a traction member implemented by the PC wire 12 are used in combination.
FIG. 19 is a view showing a fifth embodiment, in which a concrete box culvert is divided into a plurality of concrete box culverts 11、12An inner jack 15 as a propulsion jack is disposed between the plurality of concrete box culverts 1.
In the case where the concrete box culvert is divided into three or more box culverts, the concrete box culvert also sequentially advances from the preceding box culvert by the inward pushing jacks 15, and the rearmost concrete box culvert advances by the pulling jacks 10.
Although not shown in the drawings, this split towing method can also be applied to a mutual towing method in which precast concrete box culverts 1 (culverts) having a blade formed of a steel cover attached to the tip thereof are disposed on both sides of a crossing portion below the upper traffic of a line or the like so as to face each other in the towing direction.
A traction jack 10 is installed at the rear of one concrete box culvert 1, a fixing member 11 is installed at the rear of the other concrete box culvert 1, a PC steel wire 12 serving as a traction member for the transverse portion is passed through, and the end of the PC steel wire 12 is fixed to the traction jack 10 and the fixing member 11.
The traction jack 10 is a center hole type jack, and the fixing member 11 is composed of a fixing block and a wedge-shaped cotter pin type wedge inserted into a hole of the fixing block. The wedge penetrates one stranded wire of the PC steel wire 12, and is inserted into the hole of the fixing block, so that the PC steel wire is fixed on the fixing block 11 through the wedge effect.
When the PC wire is fixed to the traction jack 10, the fixing member 11 is also fixed to the PC wire exposed after penetrating the traction jack 10.
In this way, the traction jacks 10 are used to draw the concrete box culverts 1 constructed on both sides of the transverse section into each other one by using the reaction force resistance bodies on the opposite side.
Under the condition of dragging each concrete box culvert 1, excavating is carried out from the inner side of the knife edge, gaps are made at the front soil stone positions, and accordingly the concrete box culvert 1 is made to advance. The concrete box culvert 1 serving as a reaction force resistance body is a box culvert before such excavation. As the excavation, there are two cases of excavation using an excavation machine and excavation by manpower.
In this embodiment, a self-propelled traveling mode may be adopted.
In a plurality of precast concrete box culverts 11，12，13…1nThe inner pushing jacks 15 are arranged between the two concrete box culverts 1 and are arranged in longitudinal rows at the front row1A knife edge 2 is arranged on the knife.
At the end concrete box culvert 1nIs provided with a traction jack 10 at the rear part, and a concrete box culvert 1 at the front row1Front part of (2)A fixing member 11 is attached, and the traction jack 10 and the fixing member 11 are connected by a PC wire 12. The PC steel wires 12 pass through the arranged concrete box culvert 11，12，13…1nIs disposed in the manner of (1).
The principle of self-propelled propulsion (ENDLESS SELF ADVANCING METHOD) is similar to that of inchworm crawling. First, the tail is fixed (reaction force) and the head is advanced. Then, the head is fixed (reaction force) and the tail is pulled to the vicinity. This operation is repeated while proceeding.
First, the blade 2 is excavated from the inside, and the concrete box culvert 1 is excavated from the top1So that the concrete box culvert 1 arranged behind the concrete box culvert2The stroke of the internal pushing jack 15 between them begins to extend and advance a certain amount if the whole concrete box culvert 11，12，13…1nAll advanced by a certain amount, the same action is repeated from the beginning.
In that case, in order to make the first box culvert 1 first1The concrete box culvert 1 is moved forward from the rear by setting the fixing member 11 and the traction jack 10 to be in a free state2，13…1nThe self weight and the frictional resistance caused by the soil pressure of the first concrete box culvert 1 are reaction forces1And a second concrete box culvert 12The inner push jack 15 in between works.
Next, the fixing member 11 and the traction jack 10 are fixed to the PC steel wire 12, and the traction jack 10 is operated to tension the PC steel wire 12, thereby forming the first concrete box culvert 11And a third concrete box culvert 13As a reaction body, through a second concrete box culvert 12And a third concrete box culvert 13The second box culvert 1 is carried out by the internal pushing jack 152Is advanced.
Like this, also make the box culvert below the third concrete box culvert advance, about the propulsion of the concrete box culvert that is close to the end, because the dead weight of subsequent concrete box culvert is not enough, so through PC steel wire 12, transmit the concrete box culvert in the place ahead with jack reaction force, supply not enough.
About the last concrete box culvert 1nThe traction jack 10 is operated to tension the PC wire 12 and advance the PC wire in a forward direction. The last concrete box culvert 1 each timenCompletes the advancement at the time point of the end of advancement of (1).
In the above embodiment, the case where the advance of the box-shaped ceiling 17 and the advance of the concrete box culvert 1 are performed simultaneously has been described, but as a sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 20 to 22, a small jack 22 may be attached between the concrete box culvert 1 and the box-shaped ceiling 17.
The box-shaped ceiling 17 is provided with a jack accommodating pipe 24 for accommodating the small jack 22 on the installation side of the concrete box culvert 1.
While the small jacks 22 are extended and the concrete box culvert 1 is left as a reaction body with the friction cutting plates 21, the box ceilings 17 are sequentially pushed one by one, and if all the box ceilings 17 have advanced, the small jacks 22 are contracted, and the concrete box culvert 1 is driven by pushing the jacks 4 forward or pulling the jacks 10 and the PC wires 12 this time.
Thus, the box ceilings 17 exposed in the arrival shaft 9 are sequentially removed while alternately repeating the advance of the box ceilings 17 and the advance or the pull of the concrete box culvert 1. Then, if the front end of the concrete box culvert 1 reaches the inside of the shaft 9, the blade 2 is removed, and the grout is appropriately backfilled to complete the construction.
Fig. 24 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment, and as shown in fig. 24, the box-shaped ceilings 17 are arranged in a quadrangular shape corresponding to the outer shape of the concrete box culvert 1 to be pushed, and the soil blocking members 23 are arranged in the excavation portion surrounded by the box-shaped ceilings 7. The retaining member 23 serves as a retaining steel sheet column by cutting the end face of a portion of the retaining member 13 on the starting side and reaching the shaft side, that is, a portion surrounded in a quadrangular shape by the box-shaped ceiling 17.
The retaining members 23 on the departure side and on the arrival side of the shaft are secured by fasteners 27.
A starting platform 29 is formed on the starting side to set the concrete box culvert 1, and then, the front end of the concrete box culvert 1 is joined to or abutted against the rear end of the box-shaped ceiling 17 which has been pushed out in advance.
The concrete box culvert 1 is a box culvert which is pushed or pulled, the box-shaped ceiling 17 is also pushed out at the same time as the concrete box culvert 1 is pushed or pulled, and furthermore, the excavation of the excavation section is not performed, and when the box-shaped ceiling 17 is pushed out, the soil and stones in the portion surrounded by the box-shaped ceiling 17 are also pushed out at the same time.
As shown in fig. 25, if the box-shaped ceiling 17 and the soil and stones surrounded by the box-shaped ceiling 17 and pushed out at the same time reach the arrival side, the box-shaped ceiling 17 is removed at the arrival side, and the soil and stones are dug and removed.
Although not shown in the drawings, in the above-described propulsion or traction of the concrete box culvert 1, a forward jack or a strut is disposed as a propulsion device between the rear part of the box culvert and the reaction wall at the rear part of the box culvert, the propulsion is performed by the thrust of the forward jack, the traction is performed by a reaction wall provided in front of the box culvert, a fixing device or a traction jack is attached to the rear part of the box culvert, the other end of the traction cable having one end attached to the fixing device or the traction jack is fixed to the traction jack or the fixing device fixed to the reaction wall, and the traction is performed by the traction of the traction jack. Either one of the propulsion and the traction of the concrete box culvert 1 or both of the propulsion and the traction may be performed simultaneously.
In the case where the friction cutting plate 21 is overlapped on the upper surface or the side surface of the box-shaped ceiling 17, when the friction cutting plate 21 pushes out the box-shaped ceiling 17 while pushing or pulling the concrete box culvert 1, the end portion is stopped in the vicinity of the wellhead, and the friction cutting plate 21 is left, whereby the box-shaped ceiling 17 or the concrete box culvert 1 can be detached from the surrounding rocks.
Claims (7)
1. An underground structure installation and construction method, characterized in that:
in the protection construction for propelling a concrete box culvert installed as an underground structure, a box-shaped ceiling formed of steel pipes of a box-shaped tubular body having a rectangular cross section is arranged so as to coincide with the outer edge of a predetermined concrete box culvert to be installed, the box-shaped ceiling is pushed in between a departure shaft and an arrival shaft which penetrate the entire length of a cross section, the concrete box culvert is installed behind the box-shaped ceiling, the box-shaped ceiling is pushed out and the concrete box culvert is propelled, the box-shaped ceiling and the concrete box culvert are replaced,
the box-shaped ceiling is arranged in a flat plate shape corresponding to a top plate of a concrete box culvert to be pushed, a steel blade serving as a tunneling and excavating work space is provided at the front end of the concrete box culvert arranged behind the box-shaped ceiling, the box-shaped ceiling is pushed out while the tunneling part excavates in the blade, and the concrete box culvert is pushed,
the box-shaped ceiling is arranged in a quadrangular shape corresponding to the outer shape of a concrete box culvert to be pushed, a soil blocking member is arranged in a tunneling part surrounded by the box-shaped ceiling, the soil blocking member is used as a soil blocking steel plate column by cutting the end face of a part of the soil blocking member on the starting side and the part of the soil blocking member on the reaching vertical shaft side, namely the part surrounded in the quadrangular shape by the box-shaped ceiling, and when the box-shaped ceiling is pushed, the soil stones in the part surrounded by the box-shaped ceiling are pushed out at the same time without digging the tunneling part.
2. A method of installing and constructing an underground structure according to claim 1, comprising:
the friction cutting plate made of a strip steel plate is placed on the outer side surface of the box-shaped ceiling and pushed into the space between the starting shaft and the arrival shaft, the end of the friction cutting plate is fixed to the starting shaft side, the friction cutting plate is left when the box-shaped ceiling is pushed out, the concrete box culvert is tunneled on the inner side of the friction cutting plate, and the friction cutting plate forms friction cutting with the foundation when the concrete box culvert is pushed.
3. A setting construction method of an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the box-shaped ceiling is a member in which unit cylinders are press-fitted one by one, joint flanges for bolt-joining are formed at end portions, and the joint flanges are connected to each other by bolts or nuts, whereby a necessary length is extended one by one in the longitudinal direction and embedded.
4. A method of installing and constructing an underground structure according to claim 3, comprising:
the corner of the end of the unit cylinder is a thinned portion which is open to the outside, and the bolt and the nut are connected to the thinned portion.
5. An installation and construction method of an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
the box-shaped ceiling is formed with hook-shaped or flat-plate-shaped joints continuously on the side and in the longitudinal direction.
6. An installation and construction method of an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
the box-shaped ceiling is provided with a jack accommodating pipe accommodating a small jack at the side where the concrete box culvert is arranged.
7. A method of installing and constructing an underground structure according to claim 1, comprising:
and a small jack is arranged between the rear end of the box-shaped ceiling and the concrete box culvert, and the small jack subjected to the reaction force of the concrete box culvert is used for alternately propelling the box-shaped ceiling and the concrete box culvert.
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| CN201710400045.1A CN108979641B (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2017-05-31 | Construction method for underground structure |
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| CN201710400045.1A CN108979641B (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2017-05-31 | Construction method for underground structure |
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| CN108979641B true CN108979641B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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| CN114060042A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-18 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | Binding structure of concrete pipe joint and construction method thereof |
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| JPS5291534A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1977-08-02 | Chika Kouji Konsarutantsu Kk | Method of underground structure construction that use square lateral pipe |
| JPH0842280A (en) * | 1994-08-03 | 1996-02-13 | Okumura Corp | Pipe roof and construction method thereof |
| KR0181965B1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1999-04-01 | 마고도 우에무라 | Underground construction |
| CN101285385A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2008-10-15 | 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Undermining method for three-dimensional pipe-roof |
| CN101440708A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-05-27 | 中建国际建设有限公司 | PBA shallow buried underground excavating close range large section three-hole separated island type structure construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN203700978U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-07-09 | 中南大学 | Box culvert pilot tubal curtain device |
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| JPS5291534A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1977-08-02 | Chika Kouji Konsarutantsu Kk | Method of underground structure construction that use square lateral pipe |
| KR0181965B1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1999-04-01 | 마고도 우에무라 | Underground construction |
| JPH0842280A (en) * | 1994-08-03 | 1996-02-13 | Okumura Corp | Pipe roof and construction method thereof |
| CN101285385A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2008-10-15 | 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Undermining method for three-dimensional pipe-roof |
| CN101440708A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-05-27 | 中建国际建设有限公司 | PBA shallow buried underground excavating close range large section three-hole separated island type structure construction method |
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