JP7084515B1 - Construction method of underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten the whole process because a method of segmenting a concrete box and assembling it behind the blade edge, and since the constant box body is not propelled, the propulsion facility only needs to propel the blade edge. For long-distance construction, we will provide a construction method for underground structures that can save labor in propulsion equipment. SOLUTION: A box-shaped roof 6 which is a rectangular steel pipe as a protective work is arranged by arranging a friction cut plate 7 on the top so as to penetrate from a starting pit 3 to a reaching pit, and the friction cut plate is left in a box shape. It is a construction method for underground structures such as tunnels by propelling only the roof and replacing the rows of box-shaped roofs with the concrete box 19. The concrete box is composed of segments and the tip is a blade. Assembled at the rear of a rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell with a mouth, the box-shaped roof row group propels the steel shell body as a propulsion reaction force, and after the box-shaped roof row group advances, it is made of steel. The shell is propelled by using a concrete box as a propulsion reaction force. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention does not hinder upper traffic when excavating and constructing underground structures with small and large cross sections in the lower ground such as railways, roads, underground rivers, waterways, and underground passages in the longitudinal and transverse directions. It is related to the construction method of underground structures that can be constructed.

In order to dig a large number of underground structures in the lower ground such as railroads and roads in the crossing direction, protective work is required to support the upper traffic, and a pipe roof for horizontally paralleling steel pipes, etc. is required. Can be given.

However, if a pipe roof was formed as a separate work first and then excavated in it to construct an underground structure, or if the underground structure was dug under the pipe roof, this pipe roof exists. The overburden becomes thicker by that amount. Moreover, the protection work for the pipe roof construction is separate from the main work for burying the underground structure, and the construction cost and construction period are large.

Conventionally, there is a construction method of an underground structure as shown in FIGS. 16 to 18 as a method for solving such an inconvenience. (For example, see Patent Document 1 below)
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-19312

As shown in FIG. 16, a retaining steel sheet pile 2 is placed beside the upper traffic 1 of a railway or the like to construct a starting pit 3 and a reaching pit 4, and a propulsion machine 5 is installed in the starting pit 3. After installing the box-shaped roof 6, which is a cylinder for the roof, the box-shaped roof 6 is press-fitted toward the reaching pit 4.

As shown in FIG. 19, the box-shaped roof 6 is a box-shaped cylinder having a substantially square cross section, and hook-shaped joints 6a and 6b are continuously formed on the side surfaces in the longitudinal direction, and friction consisting of a flat plate on the upper surface thereof. A cutter plate 7 is attached.

The box-shaped roof 6 is for press-fitting unit cylinders one by one, and a joint flange for bolt joining is formed at the end, and the joint flanges are fastened to each other with bolts and nuts to have a length of one piece at a time. It is added in the direction to bury the required length, and further, it is paralleled while being continuous in the lateral direction via the joints 6a and 6b.

Fastening with the bolts and nuts is performed at this portion of the box-shaped roof 6 with the corner of the end of the box-shaped roof 6 open outward.

The arrangement of the box-shaped roof 6s is appropriately selected according to the concrete box 9 which is an underground structure arranged in a single character type, a gate type, a box type, or the like. FIG. 20 shows a case where they are arranged in a square shape.

The propulsion machine 5 has an extrusion mechanism by a jack or the like of the box-shaped roof 6 and an internal excavation mechanism of the box-shaped roof 6 by an auger or the like. The excavation may be performed manually.

Next, as shown in FIG. 17, an underground structure made of a reaction force wall 8 and a concrete box 9 is set in the starting pit 3, and a push jack 10 is provided between the reaction wall 8 and the concrete box 9. A cutting edge 11 is provided at the tip of the concrete box 9, and a small jack 12 is interposed between the tip of the concrete box 9 and the box-shaped roof 6. Although not shown, the small jack 12 uses a short box-shaped roof as a jack storage tube and is housed therein.

In the figure, 13 is a support material for the box-shaped roof 6, and 14 is a stop member for the friction cutter plate 7. These are provided on the starting pit 3 side, while the pedestal 15 is provided on the reaching pit 4 side.

The small jack 12 is extended and the concrete box 9 is used as a reaction force to push the box-shaped roof 6 one by one while leaving the friction cutter plate 7, and when the box-shaped roof 6 moves forward, the small jack 12 is shrunk. This time, the main push jack 10 is extended to dig up the concrete box 9.

In the figure, 16 shows a strut interposed between the push jack 10 and the concrete box 9.

In this way, the box-shaped roof 6 protruding from the reaching pit 4 is sequentially removed while alternately repeating the forward movement of the box-shaped roof 6 and the forward movement of the concrete box body 9.

Then, when the tip of the concrete box 9 reaches the reaching pit 4, the cutting edge 11 and the like are removed, and the backfill grout is performed as appropriate to complete the construction.

The construction method is a propulsion method in which the concrete box 9 is pushed out from the starting pit 3 toward the reaching pit 4 by the main push jack 10 and propelled, but it is installed on the reaching pit 4 side as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22. There is also a towing method in which the concrete box 9 is pulled from the starting pit 3 side to the reaching pit 4 side by the towing equipment.

In this traction method, a reaction force body 21 by a ground is provided on the arrival shaft 4 side, a shaft is constructed by further excavating the front of the reaction force body 21, and a reaction force wall 23 is formed as a reaction force pile 22 in the shaft. Is provided.

Then, a tow jack 24 is attached to the rear part of the concrete box 9 set on the starting platform 20 of the starting pit 3, and the other end of the tow cable 25 having one end attached to the tow jack 24 is fixed to the reaction force wall 23. It is fixed to the device 26.

In this way, the tow jack 24 is operated and the concrete box 9 is towed from the starting pit 3 toward the reaching pit 4 by the towing cable 25.

In the concrete box 9, precast concrete boxes are sequentially suspended and connected in the starting pit 3, or concrete is placed in the starting pit 3 to increase the required length.

By the way, in the above-mentioned construction method, regarding the method of adding the concrete box 9, if concrete is placed in the starting pit 3 to increase the required length, a considerable space is required in the starting pit 3 due to formwork work or the like. You will need it.

In addition, even with the method of sequentially suspending and connecting precast concrete boxes (which have a rectangular ring shape) with a relatively narrow width in the starting pit 3, when the box has a large cross section, the precast concrete box is used. The body itself becomes large, and it is difficult and dangerous to carry out the hanging work and the joining work in the starting pit 3 in the narrow starting pit 3.

It is not unthinkable to make the concrete box into a segment, but unlike the shield method, the concrete box itself to be dug directly receives the propulsive force of the propulsion jack in the propulsion method. There is also the risk of cracking and chipping damage.

In Patent Document 2 below, by using a split segment, it is possible to construct a box with a large cross section even in a narrow shaft, and the segment itself is an underground structure that is not damaged even if it receives the propulsive force of a jack. It was proposed as a construction method.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-223397

As shown in FIG. 23, the rectangular concrete box 19 is composed of divided segments, and the inside and outside of the cutting edge 11 of the concrete box 19 are excavated (from the inside of the concrete box 19), and the push jack is used. 10 is extended and the box-shaped roof 6 and the concrete box 19 are pushed forward by one ring. As a result, the concrete box 19 is dug up.

If the concrete box 19 for the first ring is dug, the second ring is assembled behind the concrete box 19 and dug in the same manner. Repeat extrusion excavation.

The box-shaped roof 6 that goes out to the arrival pit 4 is sequentially removed to the ground. When the cutting edge 11 reaches the reaching pit 4, this is also removed. When the tip of the concrete box 19 comes out to the reaching pit 4, the construction is completed.

In the conventional method, both the on-site production of the concrete box and the secondary product (segment), the box body construction is a prime push propulsion method, so that the propulsion force increases as the construction extension becomes long.

In addition, since the blade edge and the entire box body are propelled (pushed into the ground), the ground around the box body is disturbed due to the propulsion.

For backfilling injection on the peripheral surface of the concrete box, void injection and lubricant injection (sliding effect) were performed as needed during propulsion, and backfilling injection (consolidation effect) was performed after the box body propulsion was completed. Since the backfill injection performed during propulsion mainly requires the lubricant effect, the consolidation effect with the ground cannot be expected, and it may cause the subsidence of the surrounding ground.

Further, in the case of the segment method of Patent Document 2, it is necessary that the segment itself is not damaged even if it receives the propulsive force of the jack. It is required to be a special segment such as using a sandwich type rectangular high-rigidity synthetic segment in which concrete is filled inside the closed steel frame composed of side plates.

The object of the present invention is to solve the inconvenience of the above-mentioned conventional example, segment the constant box body and assemble it behind the blade, so that the whole process can be shortened, and the concrete box body is not propelled, so that it is promoted. The equipment only needs to propel the cutting edge, and in long-distance construction, the purpose is to provide a construction method for underground structures that can save labor in the propulsion equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention according to claim 1, a box-shaped roof, which is a rectangular steel pipe as a protective work, is arranged by arranging a friction cut plate on the box-shaped roof so as to penetrate from the starting pit to the reaching pit, and this friction. It is a construction method for underground structures such as tunnels by leaving a cut plate and propelling only the box-shaped roof and replacing the rows of box-shaped roofs with the concrete box. The concrete box is a segment. Assembled at the rear of a rectangular or portal-shaped steel shell with a cutting edge, the box-shaped roof row group propels the steel shell as a propulsion reaction force, and the box-shaped roof row After advancing the group, repeat the assembly process of the concrete box, the propulsion process of the row of box-shaped roofs, and the propulsion process of the steel shell, in which the steel shell is propelled by the concrete box as the propulsion reaction force. Is the gist.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the assembly process of the concrete box body, the propulsion process of the row group of the box-shaped roof, and the propulsion process of the steel shell body are sequentially repeated, and the concrete box body is segmented and the tip is formed. Since this is assembled at the rear of the rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell with the blade edge, the space for manufacturing, installing and assembling the concrete box is no longer required in the starting side shaft, and the precast concrete box is used. There is no difficult and dangerous work to perform the hanging work and the joining work in the narrow starting pit, such as the method of sequentially hanging and connecting the bodies in the starting pit.

In addition, since the concrete box is not propelled, the propulsion equipment only needs to propel the blade edge, and in long-distance construction, the labor saving of the propulsion equipment can be shortened, and the loosening of the surrounding ground can be prevented.

In the present invention according to claim 2, the rectangular or portal steel shell is provided inside with a rectangular or portal skeleton frame provided inside, and skin plates are projected back and forth, and a shovel such as a back four excavates the inside. The gist is to secure it as an excavation work space where work can be done.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell is supported by a jack on the front surface of the rectangular or gate-shaped skeleton frame as a propulsion reaction force for propelling a row group of box-shaped roofs. It serves as a compression surface, and the rear side surface of the rectangular or portal-shaped skeleton frame serves as the pressure-bearing surface of the jack, as it itself propels the concrete box as a propulsion reaction force. Then, a shovel such as a back four can be installed in the inner part of the skin plate or in the concrete box at the rear to extend the arm and excavate the cutting edge.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the steel shell is provided inside a rectangular or gantry skeleton frame, and skin plates are projected back and forth like a hood, and a box-shaped roof is provided on the front side of the rectangular or gantry skeleton frame. The gist is to install a frame made of steel that supports the ends.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the propulsion of the box-shaped roof by installing a frame made of a steel material that supports the end portion of the box-shaped roof.

As described above, the construction method of the underground structure of the present invention is a method of segmenting the concrete box and assembling it behind the blade, so that the entire process can be shortened and the concrete box is not promoted. The propulsion equipment only needs to propel the blade edge, and labor saving of the propulsion equipment can be achieved in long-distance construction.

It is a side view of the main part which shows one Embodiment of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is an overall side view which shows one Embodiment of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the arrangement of a box-shaped roof and a concrete box body in the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 1st process of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 2nd process of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 3rd process of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 4th process of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 5th process of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 6th process of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 7th process of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows the completed state of the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a perspective view of the concrete box body in the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a perspective view of the box-shaped roof in the construction method of the underground structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows an example of a bearing stand at the end of a box-shaped roof. It is a side view which shows the other example of a bearing stand at the end of a box-shaped roof. It is a vertical sectional side view which shows the 1st process of the construction method of the conventional underground structure. It is a vertical sectional side view which shows the 2nd process of the construction method of the conventional underground structure. It is a vertical sectional side view which shows the 3rd process of the construction method of the conventional underground structure. It is a front view of a box-shaped roof. It is a front view which shows the arrangement state of a box-shaped roof. It is a vertical sectional side view which shows the construction method of the underground structure by the traction method. It is a front view which shows the arrangement state in the case of the traction system of a box-shaped roof. It is a side view which shows the other conventional example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with respect to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a main part showing one embodiment of the construction method of the underground structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the whole as above. It has the same reference code.

The construction method of the underground structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the process diagrams of FIGS. 4 to 11. As shown in FIG. 4, as the first step, the earth retaining steel sheet pile 2 is placed beside the upper traffic (not shown) such as a railroad as the first step, and the starting pit 3 and the reaching pit 4 are constructed by the same method as before. Then, in the starting pit 3, a starting platform 20 formed by forming a pedestal on a concrete foundation, a roof propulsion facility 28 by a jack installed on the starting platform 20, and a reaction force wall 23 behind the starting platform 28 are installed to propel the roof. In the equipment 28, the box-shaped roof 6 which is a cylinder for the roof is press-fitted toward the reaching pit 4. The box-shaped roof 6 is a rectangular steel pipe as a protective work.

A friction cutter plate 7 is attached to the upper surface of the box-shaped roof 6 with the tip fixed to the tip of the box-shaped roof 6 as in the conventional case, and is extruded together with the box-shaped roof 6. As shown in FIG. 4, the box-shaped roof 6 was arranged so as to penetrate from the starting pit 3 to the reaching pit 4.

In this case, the box-shaped roof 6 is arranged in a horizontal U-shape so as to correspond to the outer shape of the concrete box 19 to be constructed as shown in FIG. It should be noted that the friction cutter plate 7 may be placed only on the side-by-side box-shaped roof 6 forming the upper floor.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4 of the second step, a rectangular or portal-shaped steel shell 29 having a cutting edge 30 at the rear end of the box-shaped roof 6 is placed in the starting pit 3.

The steel shell 29 is provided with a rectangular or portal-shaped skeleton frame 29a inside, and skin plates 29b are projected in the front and rear like a hood, and the inside is secured as an excavation work space where a shovel such as a back four can excavate. The front and rear surfaces of the skeleton frame 29a are the pressure-bearing surfaces of the jack.

A small jack 12 is arranged as a roof jack at the rear end of the box-shaped roof 6, and one end of the small jack 12 is brought into contact with the skeleton frame 29a. The small jack 12 may be housed in a short box-shaped roof 6 to be formed as a jack storage pipe 33, and this may be connected to the rear end of the box-shaped roof 6.

In the starting pit 3, a push jack 10 is provided behind the steel shell body 29 with the rear surface of the skeleton frame 29a as a pressure-received surface, and a strut 16 is arranged behind the strut 16 between the skeleton frame 29 and the reaction wall 23. Intervene in. The main push jack 10 is installed by providing a jack shelf on the steel shell body 29.

In the figure, 31 is a guide shaft, which is formed by penetrating between the starting shaft 3 and the reaching shaft 4 in advance when replacing the row group of the box-shaped roof 6 and the concrete box body 19.

Then, the friction cutter plate 7 is fixed to the starting pit 3 side by the stopping member 14. The friction cutter plate 7 cuts the edge between the box-shaped roof 6 and the surrounding earth and sand.

Further, in the horizontal U-shaped arrangement as shown in FIG. 3 of the box-shaped roof 6, the box-shaped roofs 6 on the ceiling are arranged in a horizontal row, and then the box-shaped roofs are arranged under the box-shaped roofs 6 on the left and right sides. 6 are stacked and lowered to be arranged, and when doing this, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the end of the box-shaped roof 6 is placed on the skin plate 29b on the front side of the skeleton frame 29a in the steel shell 29. A pedestal 34 made of steel to support the part was installed.

FIG. 14 shows a pedestal that supports the lower side of the box-shaped roof 6 on the ceiling, and FIG. 15 shows a pedestal that supports the lower side of the box-shaped roof 6 that is arranged vertically on the left and right. , Secure a space in the center so that excavated earth and sand can be carried out.

Each box-shaped roof 6 is advanced by the small jack 12. In this case, the steel shell 29 serves as a reaction force receiver.

After each box-shaped roof 6 is advanced, the steel shell body 29 is advanced by the main push jack 10. This advance can also push the gantry 34 together.

The small jack 12 repeatedly advances each box-shaped roof 6 and the main push jack 10 advances the steel shell 29, and the strut 16 is extended accordingly.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the blade edge 30 of the steel shell 29 is sufficiently deep from the starting pit 3, a shovel such as a back four is installed in the inner portion of the steel shell 29 (not shown). ) Or manually excavate the cutting edge 30.

Since the head of the box-shaped roof 6 comes out on the arrival pit 4 side, it is removed and recovered.

After advancing the steel shell 29, a concrete box 19 composed of segments is constructed behind the steel shell 29. As shown in FIG. 12, the concrete box 19 is composed of divided segments, and is a combination of a flat plate-shaped segment piece 19a and a flat plate U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b.

When the concrete box 19 is composed of divided segments, the corners that are likely to be vulnerable are arranged as an integral part of the flat plate U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b so that the joints between the segments do not come here. Was taken into consideration. Further, the joints of the plate-shaped segment piece 19a and the flat plate U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b do not overlap before and after the rectangular ring formed by the combination of the flat plate-shaped segment piece 19a and the flat plate U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b. I took care to make them staggered.

After forming the concrete box 19 for one rectangular ring, the row group of the box-shaped roof 6 is propelled by the steel shell body 29 as a propulsion reaction force body, and after the row group of the box-shaped roof 6 is advanced, the steel The shell-making body 29 is propelled by using the concrete box 19 as a propulsion reaction force body, and one rectangular ring is added to form the concrete box 19 in order as a long one. The propulsion process for the rows of the box-shaped roof and the propulsion process for the steel shell are repeated in sequence.

To add a new rectangular ring, the plate-shaped segment piece 19a and the flat plate U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b are suspended from the starting pit 3 and forward in the constructed concrete box 19. Carry and assemble behind the steel shell 29.

Further, the backfilling injection 32 is performed around the assembled concrete box 19 through the grout hole formed in the segment.

The box-shaped roof 6 that goes out to the arrival pit 4 is sequentially removed to the ground. As shown in FIG. 10, when the steel shell 29 reaches the reaching pit 4, it is also removed to the ground.

As shown in FIG. 11, if the concrete box 19 is constructed so that the tip of the concrete box 19 comes out to the reaching pit 4, the construction is completed.

1 Upper traffic 2 Retaining steel sheet pile 3 Starting pit 4 Reaching pit 5 Propulsion machine 6 Box-shaped roof 6a, 6b Hook-shaped joint 7 Friction cutter plate 8 Reaction force wall 9 Concrete box body 10 Main push jack 11 Cutting edge 12 Small jack 13 Support material 14 Stopping member 15 Cradle 16 Strut 17 Raising material 19 Concrete box body 19a Flat plate segment piece 19b Flat plate U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 20 Starting platform 21 Reaction force body 22 Reaction force pile 23 Reaction force wall 24 Tow jack 25 Tow cable 26 Fixing device 27 Push wheel 28 Roof propulsion equipment 29 Steel shell 29a Skeletal frame 29b Skin plate 30 Blade edge 31 Guide shaft 32 Back-filled injection 33 ... Jack storage pipe 34 ... Stand

Claims (3)

A box-shaped roof, which is a rectangular steel pipe as a protective work, is placed on top with a friction cut plate that penetrates from the starting pit to the reaching pit. It is a construction method for underground structures such as tunnels by replacing the rows of roofs and concrete boxes.
The concrete box is composed of segments, which are assembled at the rear of a rectangular or portal-shaped steel shell with a cutting edge, and the rows of box-shaped roofs propel the steel shell as a propulsion reaction force. After advancing the row of box roofs, the steel shell is propelled by the concrete box as a propulsion reaction force, the assembly process of the concrete box, the propulsion process of the row of box roofs, the propulsion of the steel shell. A construction method for underground structures characterized by repeating the process in sequence. A rectangular or gantry steel shell is provided inside. A rectangular or gantry skeleton frame is provided inside, and skin plates are extended back and forth to secure the inside as an excavation work space where shovels such as back fours can excavate. Item 1. Construction method of underground structure according to item 1. The steel shell is provided inside the rectangular or gantry skeleton frame, and the skin plates are projected back and forth like a hood, and a steel frame that supports the end of the box-shaped roof is attached to the front side of the rectangular or gantry skeleton frame. The method for constructing an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is to be installed.

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