CN108967105A - A method of iris bacterial soft rot is prevented and treated by environment conditioning - Google Patents
A method of iris bacterial soft rot is prevented and treated by environment conditioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN108967105A CN108967105A CN201810689409.7A CN201810689409A CN108967105A CN 108967105 A CN108967105 A CN 108967105A CN 201810689409 A CN201810689409 A CN 201810689409A CN 108967105 A CN108967105 A CN 108967105A
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- temperature
- soft rot
- iris
- environment conditioning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
- A01G22/63—Orchids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning, it include: that cup seedling is placed on condition are as follows: the peak range of day temperature is at 25-27 DEG C, night temperatures peak range at 22-24 DEG C, cultivated in the environment of 65-70% by the peak of relative air humidity；This method reduces the disease incidence of iris bacterial soft rot, method is pollution-free, and at low cost, effect is good by daytime, the maximum temperature at night and the peak of humidity in control greenhouse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to irises to cultivate field, especially a kind of to prevent and treat iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning
Method.
Background technique
Iris soft rot (Erwinia Carotovora Pvcarotvora) is a kind of erwinia category phytosis
Evil, pathogen is invaded in Phalaenopsis plants body by plant wound and stomata makes its morbidity, general high temperature, high humidity and improper ventilation
When be easy to happen, especially nitrogen application it is excessive when be easier occur.
Each age Phalaenopsis leaves different parts can infect.Blade is aggrieved, occurs round water stain shape fleck, face first
It is translucent shape to light source, aggrieved tissue softness has a stink, and blade loses support force and sagging, and outside only has the table of layer of transparent
Layer tissue gently one is pressed with rancid tissue spilling.It is extended under suitable temperature and humidity rapidly, i.e. expansible 20cm or so in 3-5d
Filbert rotten spot.Content outflow after sick portion rots, sick portion are withered in paper-like.After lobus cardiacus is aggrieved, often cause to plant after a couple of days
Strain is dead.It is upward along vein since phimosis film when leaf sheath is aggrieved, so that blade is locally turned yellow, leaf sheath connects phyllopodium part after extension
Change colour soft corruption or even whole strain death.
Iris bacterial soft rot be most generally be also most fatal one of disease in current iris facility cultivation, it is right
The production of iris causes extreme influence.Currently, there is no the pesticide for effectively preventing iris bacterial soft rot, commonly used in production
The medicaments such as antibiotic such as streptomysin or copper class fungicide are prevented and treated；However, antibiotic is expensive, it is also easy to anti-medicine occur
Bacterium；It is easy to happen phytotoxicity at high temperature using copper class fungicide, and a large amount of uses will increase and cause metallic pollution to environment
Risk；Market needs one kind pollution-free, prevents and treats iris bacterial soft rot, solution of the present invention without using the method for antibiotic
Certainly such problems.
Summary of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it is thin by environment conditioning prevention and treatment iris that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
The method of bacterium property soft rot, daytime, the maximum temperature at night and the peak of humidity of this method by control greenhouse, drop
The disease incidence of low iris bacterial soft rot, method is pollution-free, at low cost, and effect is good.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A method of iris bacterial soft rot being prevented and treated by environment conditioning, comprising: cup seedling is placed on condition are as follows:
The peak range of day temperature is at 25-27 DEG C, and night temperatures peak range is at 22-24 DEG C, the highest of relative air humidity
Value is cultivated in the environment of 65-70%.
A kind of method that iris bacterial soft rot is prevented and treated by environment conditioning above-mentioned, comprising: be placed on cup seedling
Condition are as follows: 25 DEG C of day temperature, 22 DEG C of night temperatures, cultivated in the environment of relative air humidity 62%.
A kind of method that iris bacterial soft rot is prevented and treated by environment conditioning above-mentioned, the cultivation matrix that cup seedling uses
For Chilean water plant.
A kind of method that iris bacterial soft rot is prevented and treated by environment conditioning above-mentioned, it is fertilizer is molten in incubation
It is poured in water with water；The method of watering are as follows: it is not dry do not pour, slow water pours slowly, water stops watering when being just seeped into bottom of a cup matrix.
A kind of method preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning above-mentioned, fertilizer use N:P2O5:K2O
The fertilizer of=20:20:20.
A kind of method preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning above-mentioned, temperature, humidity pass through intelligence
The control of environmental control of greenhouse system, intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system include: the external sunshade for adjusting temperature indoor illumination and temperature
With interior shading equipment, cascade equipment, the warming pipeline, air-conditioning of temperature are controlled, adjusts skylight, the blower, circulation of warm indoor humidity
Fan Equipment.
A kind of method that iris bacterial soft rot is prevented and treated by environment conditioning above-mentioned, intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system
System further include: be set to the indoor temperature inductor of temperature, humidity sensor, the controller being connected between inductor and equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
It is thin to reduce iris by daytime, the maximum temperature at night and the peak of humidity in control greenhouse for this method
The disease incidence of bacterium property soft rot can generally make the disease incidence < 1% of soft rot, take out bennet rate < 1%, and method is pollution-free,
At low cost, effect is good；
Under optimal environment, the disease incidence 0% of soft rot takes out bennet rate 0.42%；
Temperature, humidity are controlled by intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system, can reduce the workload of producers, and regulate and control
Temperature, humidity speed are fast, being capable of temperature, humidity steady in a long-term.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention by specific embodiments.
A method of iris bacterial soft rot being prevented and treated by environment conditioning, comprising: cup seedling is placed on condition are as follows:
The peak range of day temperature is at 25-27 DEG C, and night temperatures peak range is at 22-24 DEG C, the highest of relative air humidity
Value is cultivated in the environment of 65-70%.Fertilizer water is dissolved in incubation to pour with water；The method of watering are as follows: do not do not
It pours, slow water pours slowly, stopping watering when water has just been seeped into bottom of a cup matrix.As one embodiment, the cultivation matrix of cup seedling use includes:
Chilean water plant, bark, cocoanut shell；As one embodiment, fertilizer includes: N:P2O5:K2" flower is the more " fertilizer of O=20:20:20
Material, N:P2O5:K2" flower is the more " fertilizer of O=30:10:10；N:P2O5:K2" flower is the more " fertilizer of O=15:10:30.
Temperature, humidity are controlled by intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system, and intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system includes: to adjust temperature
The external sunshade and interior shading equipment of indoor illumination and temperature control cascade equipment, the warming pipeline, air-conditioning of temperature, adjust temperature
The skylight of indoor humidity, blower, circulating fan equipment.External sunshade is located at greenhouse outside top, can be injected with partial occlusion light
Greenhouse, interior shading are located above inside greenhouse, can further block to the light for injecting greenhouse；Pass through external sunshade and interior shading
Equipment, the indoor illumination of adjustable temperature and temperature condition.Cascade equipment is located on the wall of greenhouse north side, when temperature is more than setting temperature
When spending, cascade meeting automatic outletting, to reduce warm room temperature.Blower is located at greenhouse southern side metope, and circulating fan is located in greenhouse,
No rain (snow) weather condition is descended, and skylight automatically opens, blower automatic work；Rain (snow) weather condition is descended, and skylight is automatically closed, wind
Machine is automatically stopped work, at this time indoor circulation blower automatic work；Pass through blower and the adjustable temperature room ventilation of circulating fan
Situation, and then adjust humidity conditions in greenhouse.Four corners that air-conditioning is distributed in room temperature utilize sky in summer and autumn high temperature season
Tune can further regulate and control room temperature.
Intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system further include: be set to the indoor temperature inductor of temperature, humidity sensor, be connected to
Controller between inductor and equipment.Temperature and humidity peak is set by controller, when indoor environment epidemic disaster is more than test
When setting value, corresponding adjusting device can voluntarily start, to ensure that temperature and humidity is no more than test setting value.
In order to find out the environment of suitable iris growth, experiment one is done:
Fertilizer: " flower is the more " N:P:K=20:20:20, fertilizer are dissolved in water and pour with water；Water: see it is dry see it is wet, not dry do not pour, slow water it is slow
It pours, bottom of a cup matrix has just been seeped into water to be advisable.Disposing way: it is separated by 5cm between each strain lamina, avoids blade juxtaposition；
Test method: with purple sweater, shining, 3 butterfly orchid varieties such as long letter are test all the way, and each kind chooses growing way
Consistent each 240 plants of cup seedling for just shifting to 3.5 cun of cups, take random district's groups to arrange, repeat three times, and 80 plants/repeat.Cultivation matrix
It is same specification Chile import water plant, test carries out under same production environment.To 2016 7 since on May 25th, 2016
Months 23 days, amount to 60 days, every difference statistic record in 5 days is once fallen ill strain number, finds that diseased plant is removed in time, continuously counts 12 every time
Secondary, when summarizing the diseased plant sum of each kind, and calculating 60 days disease incidence；
Pass through following environmental condition culture cup seedling respectively
Embodiment 1: temperature: daytime≤20 DEG C, night≤17 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤55%；
Embodiment 2: temperature: daytime≤21 DEG C, night≤18 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤60%；
Embodiment 3: temperature: daytime≤22 DEG C, night≤19 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤55%；
Embodiment 4: temperature: daytime≤23 DEG C, night≤20 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤60%；
Embodiment 5: temperature: daytime≤24 DEG C, night≤21 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤65%；
Embodiment 6: temperature: daytime≤25 DEG C, night≤22 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤70%；
Embodiment 7: temperature: daytime≤26 DEG C, night≤23 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤65%；
Embodiment 8: temperature: daytime≤27 DEG C, night≤24 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤70%；
Embodiment 9: temperature: daytime≤28 DEG C, night≤25 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤75%；
Embodiment 10: temperature: daytime≤29 DEG C, night≤26 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤80%；
Embodiment 11: temperature: daytime≤30 DEG C, night≤27 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤75%；
Embodiment 12: temperature: daytime≤31 DEG C, night≤28 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤80%；
Embodiment 13: temperature: daytime≤32 DEG C, night≤29 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤85%；
Embodiment 14: temperature: daytime≤33 DEG C, night≤30 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤90%；
Embodiment 15: temperature: daytime≤34 DEG C, night≤31 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤85%；
Embodiment 16: temperature: daytime≤35 DEG C, night≤32 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤90%.
The experimental result of kind purple sweater is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
The pearlescent experimental result of kind is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
Long great experimental result is as shown in table 3 below all the way for kind:
Table 3
To guarantee iris Flowering quality, usual 3.5 cun of seedlings need to conserve 5~6 months carries out flower forcing stalk again, therefore,
3.5 cun of seedlings for just changing cup should be avoided to take out bennet as far as possible；
Comprehensively consider the disease incidence taken out bennet rate and reduce soft rot, it is by test it is found that thin to 3 butterfly orchid varieties are reduced
The effective environmental condition of bacterium property soft rot are as follows:
Embodiment 6: temperature: daytime≤25 DEG C, night≤22 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤70%；
Embodiment 7: temperature: daytime≤26 DEG C, night≤23 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤65%；
Embodiment 8: temperature: daytime≤27 DEG C, night≤24 DEG C；Relative air humidity≤70%；
The disease incidence < 1% of the soft rot of these three embodiments takes out bennet rate < 1%.
Embodiment 7 is optimal one embodiment, and when day temperature is no more than 26 DEG C, night temperatures are no more than 23 DEG C, phase
When being no more than 65% to air humidity, the disease incidence < 0.5% of soft rot takes out bennet rate < 0.5%.
In order to filter out optimal temperature and humidity conditions, experiment two is done；
Fertilizer: " flower is the more " N:P:K=20:20:20, fertilizer are dissolved in water and pour with water；Water: see it is dry see it is wet, not dry do not pour, slow water it is slow
It pours, bottom of a cup matrix has just been seeped into water to be advisable.Disposing way: it is separated by 5cm between each strain lamina, avoids blade juxtaposition；
Test method: with purple sweater, shining, 3 butterfly orchid varieties such as long letter are test all the way, and each kind chooses growing way
Consistent each 240 plants of cup seedling for just shifting to 3.5 cun of cups, take random district's groups to arrange, repeat three times, and 80 plants/repeat.Cultivation matrix
It is same specification Chile import water plant, test carries out under same production environment.Test is since on May 25th, 2017 to 2017
In on July 23, in, amount to 60 days.Every difference statistic record in 5 days is once fallen ill strain number, finds that diseased plant is removed in time every time, continuum
Meter 12 times, disease incidence when summarizing the diseased plant sum of each kind, and calculating 60 days；
Pass through following environmental condition culture cup seedling respectively:
Embodiment 17: temperature: 22 DEG C of daytime, 19 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 70%；
Embodiment 18: temperature: 23 DEG C of daytime, 20 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 70%；
Embodiment 19: temperature: 24 DEG C of daytime, 21 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 70%；
Embodiment 20: temperature: 25 DEG C of daytime, 22 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 70%；
Embodiment 21: temperature: 26 DEG C of daytime, 23 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 70%；
Embodiment 22: temperature: 27 DEG C of daytime, 24 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 70%；
Embodiment 23: temperature: 25 DEG C of daytime, 22 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 68%；
Embodiment 24: temperature: 25 DEG C of daytime, 22 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 66%；
Embodiment 25: temperature: 25 DEG C of daytime, 22 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 64%；
Embodiment 26: temperature: 25 DEG C of daytime, 22 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 62%；
Embodiment 27: temperature: 25 DEG C of daytime, 22 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 60%.
The experimental result of kind purple sweater is as shown in table 4 below:
Table 4
The pearlescent experimental result of kind is as shown in table 5 below:
Table 5
Long great experimental result is as shown in table 6 below all the way for kind:
Table 6
By embodiment 20: temperature: 25 DEG C of daytime, 22 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 70%；With embodiment 17-22 comparing result
It is found that soft rot disease incidence, pumping bennet rate and environment conditioning energy consumption level three are in most when 25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 22 DEG C of night temperature
Excellent state
By embodiment 26: temperature: 27 DEG C of daytime, 24 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 62%；Embodiment 27: temperature: 27 DEG C of daytime,
24 DEG C of night；Relative air humidity 60%；With embodiment 23-27 comparing result it is found that working as relative air humidity 62%, when 60%,
Soft rot disease incidence, pumping bennet rate and environment conditioning energy consumption level three are in optimum state.
So optimal conditions is the condition of embodiment 26 in the greenhouse of iris: 25 DEG C of day temperature, 22 DEG C of night temperatures,
The environment of relative air humidity 62%；Disease incidence is all 0%, and taking out bennet rate, long letter is 0% purple sweater and shining is all the way
0.42%.
The present invention provides a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning, and this method passes through control
The daytime in greenhouse, the maximum temperature at night and humidity peak, reduce iris bacterial soft rot disease incidence, side
Method is pollution-free, at low cost, and effect is good.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the above embodiments do not limit the invention in any form, all obtained by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
Technical solution is fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning characterized by comprising place cup seedling
In condition are as follows: the peak range of day temperature is at 25-27 DEG C, and for night temperatures peak range at 22-24 DEG C, relative atmospheric is wet
The peak of degree is cultivated in the environment of 60-70%.
2. a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning according to claim 1, feature
It is, comprising: cup seedling is placed on condition are as follows: 25 DEG C of day temperature, 22 DEG C of night temperatures, the environment of relative air humidity 62%
Under cultivated.
3. a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning according to claim 1, feature
It is, the cultivation matrix that cup seedling uses is Chilean water plant.
4. a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning according to claim 1, feature
It is, fertilizer is dissolved in water in incubation and is poured with water；The method of watering are as follows: it is not dry do not pour, slow water pours slowly, water is just seeped into bottom of a cup
Stop watering when matrix.
5. a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning according to claim 4, feature
It is, the fertilizer uses N:P2O5:K2The fertilizer of O=20:20:20.
6. a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning according to claim 1, feature
It is, temperature, humidity are controlled by intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system, and the intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system includes: to adjust
External sunshade and the interior shading equipment of temperature indoor illumination and temperature, control cascade equipment, the warming pipeline, air-conditioning of temperature, adjust
The skylight of warm indoor humidity, blower, circulating fan equipment.
7. a kind of method for preventing and treating iris bacterial soft rot by environment conditioning according to claim 6, feature
It is, the intelligent greenhouse environment conditioning system further include: be set to the indoor temperature inductor of temperature, humidity sensor, connection
Controller between inductor and equipment.
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| CN113598006A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-05 | 厦门品诚源花卉科技有限公司 | Water-cooling flower forcing method for phalaenopsis |
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Application publication date: 20181211 |