CN108967075B

CN108967075B - Method for cultivating small green vegetables by covering with colorful insect-proof net

Info

Publication number: CN108967075B
Application number: CN201810540067.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李俊; 叶咏梅
Original assignee: Jiangsu Shengfulai Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Shengfulai Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-05-30
Filing date: 2018-05-30
Publication date: 2020-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-30
Also published as: CN108967075A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating small green vegetables by covering with a colorful insect-proof net, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) trimming the land and applying base fertilizer; (2) building an arched shed frame on the planting land, and covering a color insect-proof net with 20-30 meshes; (3) sowing the rapeseeds, and managing water and fertilizer; (4) harvesting in time, and repeating the steps (3) and (4) until the planting season is over. The invention has the advantages that: the use of pesticides is greatly reduced, and pollution-free green production is realized; the harm of insects and diseases is prevented, the product has good appearance without insects, the price is high, and the economic benefit is obvious; the influence of different color light lines on the photosynthesis of plants is utilized, the color insect-proof net is used, the growth speed of the small green vegetables is accelerated, the cultivation period is shortened, and the yield is improved by about 25 percent compared with that of the common insect-proof net.

Description

Method for cultivating small green vegetables by covering with colorful insect-proof net

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of vegetable cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating small green vegetables by covering with a colorful insect-proof net.

Background

The small green vegetables are commonly called as the Chinese little greens, are seasonal vegetables in the summer of the south, have the characteristics of high growth speed, short growth cycle and the like, and have large market demand. However, the growth period of the small green vegetables is positive in the insect pest high-emergence period, planters have to use pesticides to kill insects to ensure the yield and the selling phase, and even if the planters use high-level pesticides to spray and kill the high-level pesticides frequently, so that the pesticide residues on vegetables and cultivated lands are serious, the physical health of people is greatly harmed, and the soil environment is severely polluted. With the needs of ecological agriculture and sustainable development, the pollution-free vegetable production technology is urgently needed to be popularized.

The insect-proof net covering cultivation is a pollution-free vegetable production technology, and adopts a physical control method, and members are used for manually isolating barriers to cut off the direct damage of pests and the virus transmission path, so that the insect pest invasion can be effectively controlled, meanwhile, the vegetable field can be prevented from being washed by rainstorm, and the growth speed of vegetables is increased.

The vegetable can not grow in photosynthesis, and the solar spectrum is a continuous spectrum in spectrum view. The existing research shows that plants do not absorb all the wavelengths of sunlight uniformly but selectively, and the light with different wavelengths also has different effects on the growth of the plants, for example, red light is important for the normal development of photosynthetic organs, the red light can increase the starch accumulation of leaves by inhibiting the output of photosynthetic products from leaves, and blue light regulates the physiological processes such as the formation of chlorophyll, the opening of stomata, the regulation of photosynthetic rhythm and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a method for cultivating small green vegetables by covering with a colorful insect-proof net.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following means.

A method for cultivating small green vegetables by covering with a colorful insect-proof net comprises the following steps:

(1) trimming the land and applying base fertilizer;

(2) building an arched shed frame on the planting land, and covering a color insect-proof net with 20-30 meshes;

(3) sowing the rapeseeds, and managing water and fertilizer;

(4) harvesting in time, and repeating the steps (3) and (4) until the planting season is over.

The insect-proof net with 20-30 meshes can prevent various pests such as cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, aphid and the like from damaging the cabbage, control viruses spread by the pests and reduce the scouring of rainstorm to soil; the colorful insect-proof net filters natural light, so that light favorable for plant growth enters the net, and the growth period of the small green vegetables is accelerated.

Further, in the step (1), the land is deeply ploughed, organic fertilizer is applied to be used as base fertilizer according to 2-2.5 kg per square meter, and then the pesticide and the soil bactericide are used for killing pests and germs in the soil. 5 percent of carbosulfan or phoxim 1500-fold liquid is used for killing pests in the soil, and the Luheng No. 6 1500-fold liquid is used for eliminating pathogenic bacteria in the soil.

In the step (2), blue, red and silver gray single-color insect nets are further used, or color insect nets are combined in the order of blue, silver gray and red, and the rest of the two fifths of the web of blue and red is silver gray. The blue light source with the wavelength of 400-500 nm and the red light source with the wavelength of 640-680 nm have the largest ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoid absorption of plants and the largest contribution to photosynthesis, and ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of less than 380nm and near infrared rays with the wavelength of more than 780nm are useless or even harmful to plant growth. The blue insect-proof net can retain a blue light source of 400-500 nm, the red insect-proof net can retain a red light source of 640-680 nm, and the silver gray insect-proof net can reflect ultraviolet rays smaller than 380nm and near infrared rays larger than 780nm, so that the growth of small green vegetables is facilitated.

And (3) further constructing a shed frame in the step (2) in the north-south direction.

And (3) further constructing a greenhouse frame in the step (2) in the north-south direction, covering the blue, silver gray and red combined color insect-proof net, wherein the east direction is blue breadth, the west direction is red breadth, and the top part is silver gray breadth. By the arrangement, sunlight directly irradiates the red net surface before sunrise to 11 am, red light is mainly emitted in the greenhouse, and the temperature in the greenhouse is rapidly increased by using the heat effect of the red light; the solar radiation is strongest between 11 o 'clock and 1 o' clock in the afternoon, sunlight directly irradiates the silver gray breadth, and the silver gray reflects partial sunlight, so that the evaporation degree in the greenhouse can be reduced, and the small green vegetables can be prevented from being sunburned; in 1 PM to sunset, sunlight directly irradiates the blue net surface, and blue light is mainly used in the shed to accelerate photosynthesis.

Further, 1.5-3 g of vegetable seeds are sown per square meter in the step (3).

Furthermore, the picking can be carried out in the step (4) every 25 to 30 days, and the picking is carried out in the evening.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1) the use of pesticides is greatly reduced, and pollution-free green production is realized;

2) the harm of insects and diseases is prevented, the product has good appearance without insects, the price is high, and the economic benefit is obvious;

3) the influence of different color light lines on the photosynthesis of plants is utilized, the color insect-proof net is used, the growth speed of the small green vegetables is accelerated, the cultivation period is shortened, and the yield is improved by about 25 percent compared with that of the common insect-proof net.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The raw materials used in the invention are all commercial products. Selecting heat-resistant and moisture-resistant heat-resistant green, heat-resistant white, Zhenjiang green and other resistant varieties as cultivation objects.

Example 1

(1) land trimming, base fertilizer application: deeply turning over the land before building a shed, applying decomposed organic fertilizer as base fertilizer according to 2-2.5 kg per square meter, spraying 5% carbosulfan to kill pests in the soil, and spraying 1500 times of green Heng 6 liquid to eliminate germs in the soil;

(2) building an insect-proof net: building an arched shed frame on the planting land, covering the whole shed with 20-mesh silver gray insect-proof nets, leaving a movable door at the shed head, compacting the insect-proof nets at the periphery by using soil, and pulling ropes between shed pipes to press the nets to prevent wind;

(3) cultivation: uniformly sowing 1.5-3 g of vegetable seeds per square meter, and performing normal water and fertilizer management;

(4) harvesting in due time: harvesting the small green vegetables for 20-25 days according to the growth vigor of the small green vegetables, and repeating the steps (3) and (4) until the planting season is over, wherein 6-7 crops can be continuously planted, and the average yield per square meter is 9-10 kg.

Example 2

Basically the same as example 1, except that 1500-fold liquid phoxim was used to kill pests in the soil in step (1) and a 30-mesh blue insect net was used in step (2). 6-7 crops can be continuously planted, and the average yield per square meter is 9.5-11 kg.

Example 3

Substantially the same as in example 1, except that a 30-mesh red insect-proofing net was used in step (2). 6-7 crops can be continuously planted, and the average yield per square meter is 9.5-11 kg.

Example 4

(2) building an insect-proof net: building an arched shed frame in the south-north direction of a planting land, covering the whole shed with 20 meshes of color insect-proof nets according to the sequence of blue, silver gray and red, wherein the rest of the breadth of blue and red which respectively account for two fifths is silver gray, the east is blue breadth, the west is red breadth, the top is silver gray breadth, a movable door is arranged at the shed head, the insect-proof nets at the periphery are compacted by soil, and the nets between shed pipes are pressed by pull ropes to prevent wind;

(4) harvesting in due time: harvesting the small green vegetables for 20-25 days according to the growth vigor of the small green vegetables, and repeating the steps (3) and (4) until the planting season is over, wherein 6-7 crops can be continuously planted, and the average yield per square meter is 10-12 kg.

The present invention has been described in terms of the above embodiments, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalents or equivalent changes fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating small green vegetables by covering with a colorful insect-proof net is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) trimming the land and applying base fertilizer; deeply turning the land, applying decomposed organic fertilizer as base fertilizer according to 2-2.5 kg per square meter, spraying 5% carbosulfan to kill pests in the soil, spraying 1500 times of green henry No. 6 liquid to eliminate germs in the soil, or using 1500 times of phoxim to kill the pests in the soil;

(2) building an arched shed frame on the planting land, and covering a color insect-proof net with 20-30 meshes; combining the color insect-proof net according to the sequence of blue, silver gray and red, wherein the blue and red respectively account for two fifths of the breadth and the rest is silver gray; the greenhouse frame is built in the north-south direction and covered with a blue, silver gray and red combined color insect-proof net, the east direction is a red breadth, the west direction is a blue breadth, and the top part is a silver gray breadth;

(3) sowing the rapeseeds, and managing water and fertilizer; 1.5-3 g of vegetable seeds are sown per square meter

(4) Harvesting in time, and repeating the steps (3) and (4) until the planting season is finished; picking can be carried out every 20-25 days, and picking is carried out in the evening.