CN108947475B - 一种可改善水质的炻器 - Google Patents
一种可改善水质的炻器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108947475B CN108947475B CN201810915755.2A CN201810915755A CN108947475B CN 108947475 B CN108947475 B CN 108947475B CN 201810915755 A CN201810915755 A CN 201810915755A CN 108947475 B CN108947475 B CN 108947475B
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- powder
- stoneware
- stone
- parts
- firing
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- 229910052572 stoneware Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 9
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
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- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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Abstract
本发明提供一种可改善水质的炻器,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:石粉、炻瓷泥、粘土、非金属矿石和铝硅酸盐矿物;本发明提供的炻瓷拥有微量元素,远红外和负离子,能够醇化烟、酒,提升茶汤品质,改善水质,细化水分子去除水中余氯等;本发明提供的炻瓷器制备原料在烧结过程中可以消除氧化物表面的氧化层的影响,从而提高表面能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷工业领域,更加涉及一种炻器。
背景技术
在现有技术中,以普通陶瓷原料为主,掺入其它劣质原料或废料为辅的组配已有报导。例如《山东陶瓷》1991年第一期中报导的“铁质炻器的研究”,其原料配方中即含有低劣质原料:淄陶青土和红页岩。同期另则报导“高档炻器餐具的试制”,原料配方是以当地陶瓷原料为主,掺入部分废匣钵料为辅的组配。
同时,陶瓷的主要制备工艺过程包括坯料制备、成型和烧结。其中,烧结是指成型后的坯体在低于熔点的高温作用下,通过坯体间颗粒相互粘结和物质传递,气孔排除,体积收缩,强度提高,逐渐变成具有一定的几何形状和坚固烧结体的致密化过程。
炻器介于陶与瓷之间,是一种缺乏半透明性的色瓷产品,由于炻器比瓷器具有更高的耐冲击强度和耐热震性,所以目前在国际市场上深受青睐。
同时炻器的制备原料炻瓷泥拥有微量元素,远红外和负离子,能够醇化烟、酒,提升茶汤品质,改善水质,细化水分子去除水中余氯等。
本发明提供一种可改善水质的炻器。
发明内容
本发明提供一种可改善水质的炻器,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:
石粉、炻瓷泥、粘土、非金属矿石和铝硅酸盐矿物。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,按照重量份计,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:石粉50-70份,炻瓷泥15-40份,粘土1-5份,非金属矿石0.05-1份,铝硅酸盐矿物1.1-2.5份。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述石粉选自大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、黑滑石粉、炉甘石粉、叶蜡石粉、菱镁石粉、莫来石粉、花岗石粉、尖晶石粉、煤矸石粉、β-锂霞石、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述石粉选自大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述非金属矿石选自云母、石灰岩、石英岩、萤石、芒硝矿、硅灰石、膨润土、脉石英、高岭土和石棉中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述非金属矿石选自云母、石英岩、硅灰石、膨润土、高岭土和石棉中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述铝硅酸盐矿物选自正长石、钾长石、钙长石、石榴石、沸石和钠长石中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述铝硅酸盐矿物选自钾长石、石榴石和沸石中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述炻器的制备原料还包含:
蛇纹石、超支化有机硅、纳米氧化亚铜。
本发明的第二方面提供一种制备上述一种可改善水质的炻器的工艺流程,所述工艺流程包括:石块打粉-石粉研磨-混入配方泥料搅拌-过筛-脱水压制成饼-练泥-陈腐-练泥-模具注浆成型/滚压成型-素烧-打磨-大窑烧制-贴花烧制/阴雕-成品。
有益效果:
1.本发明提供的炻瓷拥有微量元素,远红外和负离子,能够醇化烟、酒,提升茶汤品质,改善水质,细化水分子去除水中余氯等;
2.本发明提供的炻瓷器制备原料在烧结过程中可以消除氧化物表面的氧化层的影响,从而提高表面能。
3.通过超支化有机硅原始材料的加入,在煅烧过程中促进二次结晶,同时提高产品的白度、机械性能和热稳定性。
具体实施方式
为了下面的详细描述的目的,应当理解,本发明可采用各种替代的变化和步骤顺序,除非明确规定相反。此外,除了在任何操作实例中,或者以其他方式指出的情况下,表示例如说明书和权利要求中使用的成分的量的所有数字应被理解为在所有情况下被术语“约”修饰。因此,除非相反指出,否则在以下说明书和所附权利要求中阐述的数值参数是根据本发明所要获得的期望性能而变化的近似值。至少并不是试图将等同原则的适用限制在权利要求的范围内,每个数值参数至少应该根据报告的有效数字的个数并通过应用普通舍入技术来解释。
尽管阐述本发明的广泛范围的数值范围和参数是近似值,但是具体实例中列出的数值尽可能精确地报告。然而,任何数值固有地包含由其各自测试测量中发现的标准偏差必然产生的某些误差。
此外,应当理解,本文所述的任何数值范围旨在包括归入其中的所有子范围。例如,“1至10”的范围旨在包括介于(并包括)所述最小值1和所述最大值10之间的所有子范围,即具有等于或大于1的最小值和等于或小于10的最大值。
本发明提供一种可改善水质的炻器,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:
石粉、炻瓷泥、粘土、非金属矿石和铝硅酸盐矿物。
石粉
石粉是石头的粉末的通称,本发明中,所述的石粉经研磨至100-400目。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述石粉选自大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、黑滑石粉、炉甘石粉、叶蜡石粉、菱镁石粉、莫来石粉、花岗石粉、尖晶石粉、煤矸石粉、β-锂霞石、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种优选方式,所述石粉选自大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉中的一种或多种。
大理石粉:本发明中所述大理石粉是由天然大理石经过粉磨得到大理石粉。天然大理石主要由方解石、石灰石、蛇纹石和白云石组成。
白云石粉:本发明中所述白云石粉是由白云石经过粉磨得到的白云石粉。白云石化学成分为CaMg(CO3)2,晶体属三方晶系的碳酸盐矿物。白云石的晶体结构与方解石类似,晶形为菱面体,晶面常弯曲成马鞍状,聚片双晶常见,多呈块状、粒状集合体。
电气石粉
电气石是一种硼硅酸盐结晶体,含有铝、铁、镁、钠、锂、钾等化学元素;又称愿望石,自身具有微弱的能量。
黑滑石粉
黑滑石是对黑色、灰黑色滑石的统称,内含有机质是其致黑的主要原因。黑滑石中的主要矿物为滑石,其含量为92%以上,此外含有5%左右的石英及2%左右的有机质。
滑石是一种富镁硅酸盐类矿物,主要成分有氧化镁、氧化硅,以及氧化铝、氧化铁、氧化钛、氧化钠和氧化钾等。晶体呈假六方菱形板状或柱状,常见片状、鳞片状和致密块状,玻璃光泽,解理面上呈珍珠光泽,硬度为1~1.5,具滑感,比重小,薄片具挠性。
炉甘石粉
炉甘石为碳酸盐类矿物方解石族菱锌矿,主含碳酸锌。
叶蜡石粉
叶蜡石是一种含羟基的层状铝硅酸盐矿物。化学式Al2[Si4O10](OH)2。单斜晶系,多呈隐晶质块状或微晶鳞片集合体,偶见纤维状放射状集合体。
根据化学、矿物组成,叶蜡石可分为蜡石质叶蜡石、水铝石质叶蜡石、高岭石质叶蜡石、硅质叶蜡石等。
本发明中,所述炉甘石粉是由蜡石质叶蜡石研磨至粉状。
菱镁石粉
菱镁石是一种碳酸镁矿物,主要成份为MgCO3,硬度3.5~5。
莫来石粉
莫来石指的是一系列由铝硅酸盐组成的矿物统称,莫来石是Al2O3-SiO2系中稳定的二元化合物。
花岗石粉
花岗石是一种由火山爆发的熔岩在受到相当的压力的熔融状态下隆起至地壳表层,岩浆不喷出地面,而在地底下慢慢冷却凝固后形成的构造岩,是一种深成酸性火成岩,属于岩浆岩。花岗石以石英、长石和云母为主要成分。其中长石含量为40%-60%,石英含量为20%-40%,其颜色决定于所含成分的种类和数量。岩质坚硬密实。
尖晶石粉
尖晶石是镁铝氧化物组成的矿物,因为含有镁、铁、锌、锰等元素,它们可分为很多种,如铝尖晶石、铁尖晶石、锌尖晶石、锰尖晶石、铬尖晶石等。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,本发明中所述尖晶石份粉为铬尖晶石研磨至粉状。
煤矸石粉
煤矸石是采煤过程和洗煤过程中排放的固体废物,是一种在成煤过程中与煤层伴生的一种含碳量较低、比煤坚硬的黑灰色岩石。包括巷道掘进过程中的掘进矸石、采掘过程中从顶板、底板及夹层里采出的矸石以及洗煤过程中挑出的洗矸石。其主要成分是Al2O3、SiO2,另外还含有数量不等的Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O、K2O、P2O5、SO3和微量稀有元素(镓、钒、钛、钴)。
β-锂霞石
β-锂霞石的化学组成大致为Li2O·Al2O3·2SiO2或LiAlSiO4。其为无色或白色,六方晶系,其密度2.2g/cm3左右;多为锂辉石的触变产物,溶于盐酸。
堇青石粉
堇青石是一种硅酸盐矿物,通常具有浅蓝或浅紫色,玻璃光泽,透明至半透明。堇青石由于耐火性好、受热膨胀率低,现在普遍作为汽车净化器的蜂窝状载体材料来使用。堇青石产于片岩、片麻岩及蚀变火成岩中。人们因此也称堇青石为二色石。
钇铝石榴石粉
钇铝石榴石是人造化合物,没有天然矿物。均质体,硬度高,其组成Y3AI5O12。
作为本发明的一种优选方式,所述石粉选自大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉中的一种或多种。
炻瓷泥
炻瓷泥是陶瓷泥的一种。
粘土
又称黏土,是含沙粒很少、有黏性的土壤,水分不容易从中通过才具有较好的可塑性。一般的粘土都由硅酸盐矿物在地球表面风化后形成,一般在原地风化,颗粒较大而成分接近原来的石块的,称为原生黏土或者是一次黏土。这种黏土的成分主要为氧化硅与氧化铝,色白而耐火,为配制瓷土之主要原料。
非金属矿石
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述非金属矿石选自云母、石灰岩、石英岩、萤石、芒硝矿、硅灰石、膨润土、脉石英、高岭土和石棉中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,本发明中所述非金属矿石还包括火山沉积岩。
云母
云母是一种造岩矿物,呈现六方形的片状晶形,是主要造岩矿物之一。本发明中,所述云母为绢云母。
石灰岩
石灰岩简称灰岩,以方解石为主要成分的碳酸盐岩。有时含有白云石、粘土矿物和碎屑矿物,有灰、灰白、灰黑、黄、浅红、褐红等色,硬度一般不大。按成因分类属于沉积岩。
石灰岩的主要成分是碳酸钙,可以溶解在含有二氧化碳的水中。
石英岩
石英岩主要矿物为石英,可含有云母类矿物及赤铁矿、针铁矿等。
石英岩是一种主要由石英组成的变质岩,是石英砂岩及硅质岩经变质作用形成。一般是由石英砂岩或其他硅质岩石经过区域变质作用,重结晶而形成的。也可能是在岩浆附近的硅质岩石经过热接触变质作用而形成石英岩。
石英岩主要的化学成分是石英SiO2。石英岩一般为块状构造,粒状变晶结构,呈晶质集合体。
萤石
萤石又称氟石、氟石粉、萤石粉,是一种矿物,等轴晶系,其主要成分是氟化钙(CaF2)。含杂质较多,Ca常被Y和Ce等稀土元素替代,此外还含有少量的Fe2O3,SiO2和微量的Cl,O3,He等。
芒硝矿
芒硝矿,又称硫酸钠矿,是一种以含钠硫酸盐类矿物为主要组成的非金属矿产。
硅灰石
硅灰石的分子式是Ca3(Si3O9),三斜晶系,属于单链硅酸盐矿物。通常呈片状、放射状或纤维状集合体。一般情况下耐酸、耐碱、耐化学腐蚀。吸湿性小于4%。吸油性低、电导率低、绝缘性较好。硅灰石是一种典型的变质矿物,主要产于酸性岩与石灰岩的接触带,与符山石、石榴石共生。
膨润土
膨润土是以蒙脱石为主要矿物成分的非金属矿产,蒙脱石结构是由两个硅氧四面体夹一层铝氧八面体组成的2:1型晶体结构,由于蒙脱石晶胞形成的层状结构存在某些阳离子,如Cu、Mg、Na、K等。
脉石英
脉石英是石英的集合体,呈乳白、灰白、白色,油脂光泽,致密块状,比重2.65左右,熔点1700℃以上,耐温性好,耐酸碱性好,导热性差,高绝缘,低膨胀,化学性能稳定,硬度大于7。
高岭土
高岭土是一种非金属矿产,是一种以高岭石族粘土矿物为主的粘土和粘土岩。因呈白色而又细腻,又称白云土。
高岭土类矿物是由高岭石、地开石、珍珠石、埃洛石等高岭石簇矿物组成,主要矿物成分是高岭石。
高岭石的晶体化学式为2SiO2·Al2O3·2H2O,其理论化学组成为46.54%的SiO2,39.5%的Al2O3,13.96%的H2O。高岭土类矿物属于1:1型层状硅酸盐,晶体主要由硅氧四面体和绍氢氧八面体组成,其中硅氧四面体以共用顶角的方式沿着二维方向连结形成六方排列的网格层,各个硅氧四面体未公用的尖顶氧均朝向一边;由硅氧四面体层和招氧八面体层公用硅氧四面体层的尖顶氧组成了1:1型的单位层。
石棉
石棉又称“石绵”,为商业性术语,指具有高抗张强度、高挠性、耐化学和热侵蚀、电绝缘和具有可纺性的硅酸盐类矿物产品。它是天然的纤维状的硅酸盐类矿物质的总称。
本发明中,所述石棉为青石棉。
作为本发明的一种优选方式,所述非金属矿石选自云母、石英岩、硅灰石、膨润土、高岭土和石棉中的一种或多种。
铝硅酸盐矿物
本发明中,所述铝硅酸盐矿物选自正长石、钾长石、钙长石、石榴石、沸石和钠长石中的一种或多种。
正长石
正长石,单斜晶系,晶体呈短柱状或厚板状,双晶常见,也有呈粒状或块状集合体的。其化学成分K[AlSl3O8],其中K2O为16.90%,Al2O3为18.4%,SiO2为64.7%,常含有钠长石Na[AlSi3O8],有时达30%,并常有铁、钡、铷、铯等混入。单斜晶系。晶体呈短柱状或厚板状,常见双晶为卡斯巴双晶,有时呈粒状或块状集合体。
钾长石
长石是钾、钠、钙等碱金属或碱土金属的铝硅酸盐矿物,也叫长石族矿物。钾长石(K2O·Al2O3·6SiO2)通常也称正长石,属单斜晶系,通常呈肉红色、呈白色或灰色。钾长石系列主要是正长石,微斜长石,透长石等。
钙长石
钙长石是长石的一种,为钙铝硅酸盐矿物。它呈白色或灰色玻璃状晶体,比较脆。钙长岩是岩石中重要的矿物成分,这种矿物就被称为造岩矿物。钙长石可以当作陶瓷和玻璃制品的原料。
石榴石
常见的石榴石因其化学成分而确认为六种,分别为红榴石、铁铝榴石、锰铝榴石、钙铁榴石、钙铝榴石及钙铬榴石。
本发明中,所述石榴石为锰铝榴石。
沸石
沸石是沸石矿的主要矿物组分之一。斜方晶系,晶体呈针状、纤维状,集合体为束状和放射状。白、浅黄或玫瑰色。丝绢光泽或玻璃光泽。
沸石具有优良的耐热、耐酸和抗水汽性能,工业上广泛用作气体或液体混合物分离的吸附剂及碳氢化合物裂解、加氢裂化,改质,脱蜡及二甲胺的合成、烷烃的异构化、多环芳香族类化合物的烷基化等催化剂,此外还可用做干燥剂、吸附剂等。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述沸石为丝光沸石。
钠长石
钠长石,为三斜晶系的玻璃状晶体,一般为无色、白色、黄色、红色或黑色,是长石的一类。钠长石为架状硅酸盐结构,比重2.62,莫氏硬度为6-6.5,其中钙长石的含量少于10%。钠长石是斜长石固溶体系列的钠质矿物,在伟晶岩和花岗岩中最为常见。
钠长石的化学分子式为:Na2O·Al2O3·6SiO2其理论化学组成为Na2O:11.8%;Al2O3:19.4%;SiO2:68.8%,钠长石外观一般为白色、灰白色,硬度为6-6.5,密度为2.61~2.64g/cm3,熔点为1100℃左右。
作为本发明的一种优选方式,所述铝硅酸盐矿物选自钾长石、石榴石和沸石中的一种或多种。
蛇纹石
蛇纹石是一族层状结构的硅酸盐矿物的总称。单体少见,多呈致密块状、层状或纤维状集合体。具有各种色调的绿色、浅黄色,常呈似蛇皮的绿黑相间的花纹,故称蛇纹石。条痕白色,块状蛇纹石呈油脂光泽或蜡状光泽,纤维状蛇纹石膏具丝绢光泽。
蛇纹石族矿物理想结构式为:Mg6[Si4O10](OH)8,化学成分为MgO 43.6%,SiO243.3%,H2O13.1%,有时混入少量的FeO、Fe2O3、NiO等。
超支化有机硅
本发明中,所述超支化有机硅的制备方法如下:
1)在反应器中加入45.00g 3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和6.79g去离子水,搅拌均匀,在65℃下恒温回流2小时,得到溶液A;
2)在搅拌条件下,将30.52g六甲基二硅氮烷溶解于乙醇和吡啶的混合溶剂(体积比1:1)中,得到溶液B;
3)在60~70℃下,将溶液B搅拌倒入溶液A中,在70℃恒温回流6小时后,减压蒸馏后得到粗产物,将粗产物溶于甲苯后,将不溶物滤掉,经减压蒸馏、真空干燥后,即得超支化有机硅。
纳米氧化亚铜
本发明中,所述纳米氧化亚铜的制备方法如下:
第一步,分别配制质量百分比浓度为2-7%的海藻酸钠水溶液和质量百分比浓度为10%的铜盐溶液,备用;
第二步,在超声波震荡或者高速搅拌下,将铜盐溶液缓慢加入到上述海藻酸钠水溶液中;
然后,在20℃-100℃下,按与铜离子的摩尔比为1︰1.3的比例,加入葡萄糖或抗坏血酸作还原剂,还原反应30-60min,得到纳米氧化亚铜凝胶;
将所得凝胶负压除泡、静置,在真空干燥箱中干燥,研磨粉碎,即可制备得到纳米氧化亚铜。
本发明中,所述纳米氧化亚铜的粒径为1-10nm。
羟基磷灰石
羟基磷灰石,又称羟磷灰石,碱式磷酸钙,是钙磷灰石的自然矿物化。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,按照重量份计,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:石粉50-70份,炻瓷泥15-40份,粘土1-5份,非金属矿石0.05-1份,铝硅酸盐矿物1.1-2.5份。
本发明的第二方面提供一种制备上述一种可改善水质的炻器的工艺流程,所述工艺流程包括:石块打粉-石粉研磨-混入配方泥料搅拌-过筛-脱水压制成饼-练泥-陈腐-练泥-模具注浆成型/滚压成型-素烧-打磨-大窑烧制-贴花烧制/阴雕-成品。
1.将石块进行打粉;
2.将非金属矿石、铝硅酸盐矿物经过研磨打碎,和石粉混合,进行打磨;
3.将所有制备原料进行混合加水,搅拌均匀后,过筛后,脱水压制成饼;
4.将压制成饼后的原料进行练泥,然后陈腐,再次练泥;
5.重复1-3遍步骤4;
6.将经过步骤5练泥的原料制成泥浆状后注入模具成型或制成固体状直接滚压成型;
7.将成型后的坯进行素烧,素烧温度780-820℃,烧14-15小时;
8.将步骤7中素烧后的粗品进行打磨,然后放置在大窑中烧制,大窑温度1200-1230℃,23-25小时;
9.将步骤8中大窑烧制后的粗品进行贴花烧制/阴雕,其中,贴花烧制的温度为760-780℃,5.6-6小时,即可制备得到成品。
机理解释:本发明提供的可改善水质的炻器,在后期的成型煅烧过程中,会形成顽火辉石,使得整体具有较高的膨胀系数,同时由于石粉中β-锂霞石、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉的存在,可以促进次生莫来石的产生,虽然次生莫来石具备优异的性能,本发明中加入的超支化有机硅可以改善二次莫来石的体积膨胀的情况,同时超支化有机硅树脂在后期的煅烧过程中,可以协助蛇纹石对烧结层的破坏氧化层的作用力,从而可以提高表面能,提供产品的致密化。同时,纳米氧化亚铜在煅烧中,由于氧气的存在,会提高烧结坯的缺陷和位错密度以提高晶界的活化作用。
实施方式1.一种可改善水质的炻器,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:
石粉、炻瓷泥、粘土、非金属矿石和铝硅酸盐矿物。
实施方式2.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,按照重量份计,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:石粉50-70份,炻瓷泥15-40份,粘土1-5份,非金属矿石0.05-1份,铝硅酸盐矿物1.1-2.5份。
实施方式3.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,所述石粉选自大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、黑滑石粉、炉甘石粉、叶蜡石粉、菱镁石粉、莫来石粉、花岗石粉、尖晶石粉、煤矸石粉、β-锂霞石、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉中的一种或多种。
实施方式4.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,所述石粉选自大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉中的一种或多种。
实施方式5.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,所述非金属矿石选自云母、石灰岩、石英岩、萤石、芒硝矿、硅灰石、膨润土、脉石英、高岭土和石棉中的一种或多种。
实施方式6.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,所述非金属矿石选自云母、石英岩、硅灰石、膨润土、高岭土和石棉中的一种或多种。
实施方式7.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,所述铝硅酸盐矿物选自正长石、钾长石、钙长石、石榴石、沸石和钠长石中的一种或多种。
实施方式8.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,所述铝硅酸盐矿物选自钾长石、石榴石和沸石中的一种或多种。
实施方式9.实施方式1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器,所述炻器的制备原料还包含:
蛇纹石、超支化有机硅、纳米氧化亚铜。
实施方式10.一种制备实施方式1-9任一项所述的一种可改善水质的炻器的工艺流程,所述工艺流程包括:石块打粉-石粉研磨-混入配方泥料搅拌-过筛-脱水压制成饼-练泥-陈腐-练泥-模具注浆成型/滚压成型-素烧-打磨-大窑烧制-贴花烧制/阴雕-成品。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明提供的所述可改善水质的炻器进行详细说明。
实施例1:本实施例提供一种可改善水质的炻器,按照重量份计,所述炻器的制备原料包含:
石粉60份,炻瓷泥25份,粘土3份,非金属矿石0.08份,铝硅酸盐矿物1.8份。
所述石粉为大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉的混合物;且按照重量比,所述大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉的比例为1:2:1:3:2。
本实施例中,所述石粉的粒径为100-400目。
本实施例中,所述非金属矿石为云母、石英岩、硅灰石、膨润土、高岭土和石棉的混合物;且所述云母、石英岩、硅灰石、膨润土、高岭土和石棉的重量比为1:2:2:3:1:2。
本实施例中,所述铝硅酸盐矿物为钾长石、石榴石和沸石的混合物;且所述钾长石、石榴石和沸石的重量比为1:1:2。
所述沸石为丝光沸石。
本实施例中,所述蛇纹石的重量份为1.3份;所述超支化有机硅的重量份为0.3份;所述纳米氧化亚铜的重量份为0.8份;所述羟基磷灰石的重量份为1.1份。
本实施例的第二方面提供制备上述一种可改善水质的炻器的工艺流程,所述工艺流程包括:
石块打粉-石粉研磨-混入配方泥料搅拌-过筛-脱水压制成饼-练泥-陈腐-练泥-模具注浆成型/滚压成型-素烧-打磨-大窑烧制-贴花烧制/阴雕-成品。
1.将石块进行打粉;
2.将非金属矿石、铝硅酸盐矿物经过研磨打碎,和石粉混合,进行打磨;
3.将所有制备原料进行混合加水,搅拌均匀后,过筛后,脱水压制成饼;
4.将压制成饼后的原料进行练泥,然后陈腐,再次练泥;
5.重复1-3遍步骤4;
6.将经过步骤5练泥的原料制成泥浆状后注入模具成型或制成固体状直接滚压成型;
7.将成型后的坯进行素烧,素烧温度780-820℃,烧14-15小时;
8.将步骤7中素烧后的粗品进行打磨,然后放置在大窑中烧制,大窑温度1200-1230℃,23-25小时;
9.将步骤8中大窑烧制后的粗品进行贴花烧制/阴雕,其中,贴花烧制的温度为760-780℃,5.6-6小时,即可制备得到成品。
实施例2:实施例2的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,本实施例提供一种可改善水质的炻器,按照重量份计,所述炻器的制备原料包含:
石粉50份,炻瓷泥15份,粘土1份,非金属矿石0.05份,铝硅酸盐矿物1.1份。
实施例3:实施例3的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,本实施例提供一种可改善水质的炻器,按照重量份计,所述炻器的制备原料包含:
石粉70份,炻瓷泥40份,粘土5份,非金属矿石1份,铝硅酸盐矿物2.5份。
实施例4:实施例4的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,所述炻器的制备原料不含有蛇纹石。
实施例5:实施例5的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,所述炻器的制备原料不含有超支化有机硅。
实施例6:实施例6的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,所述炻器的制备原料不含有纳米氧化亚铜。
实施例7:实施例7的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,所述纳米氧化亚铜替换为纳米氧化铜。
实施例8:实施例8的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,所述超支化有机硅换成非超支化结构的有机硅,具体为甲基硅树脂,其制备方法为通过甲基三氯硅烷水解制备甲基硅树脂。
实施例9:实施例9的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,所述石粉为大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉的混合物;且按照重量比,所述大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉的比例为1:2:1。
实施例10:实施例10的具体实施方式同实施例1,不同之处,所述炻器的制备原料不含有无羟基磷灰石。
性能测试
1、对实施例1制备得到的炻器进行酒具测试:见表1和表2。
2、吸水率性能测试、热膨胀系数性能和抗折强度的测试,见表3。
热膨胀系数的性能测试是使用湘潭湘仪仪器有限公司PCY型高温卧式膨胀仪测试。
抗折强度的性测试采用西安力创计量仪器有限公司WDW-10型微机控制电子万能试验仪。
测试1:将本发明提供的炻器置于白酒中,通过HS-GC-MS进行性能测试,测试条件为在80℃下保持30分钟。
表1未经过浸泡炻器的白酒的HS-GC-MS性能测试的结果
表2经过浸泡炻器30分钟后的白酒的HS-GC-MS性能测试的结果
序号 | 保留时间/min | 相对百分比/% | 匹配物质 |
1 | 1.543 | 86.63 | 乙醇 |
2 | 2.720 | 0.26 | 正丁醇 |
3 | 3.334 | 11.14 | 乙酸乙酯 |
4 | 3.563 | 0.04 | 仲丁醇 |
5 | 4.545 | 0.24 | 异丁醇 |
6 | 4.797 | 0.03 | 异戊醇 |
7 | 6.868 | 0.02 | 丙酸乙酯 |
8 | 7.136 | 0.89 | 乙缩醛二乙醇 |
9 | 8.378 | 0.31 | 异戊醇 |
10 | 8.452 | 0.05 | 2-甲基丁醇 |
11 | 9.203 | 0.05 | 丁酸乙酯 |
12 | 9.888 | 0.29 | 甘油缩甲醛 |
13 | 10.630 | 0.02 | 乙酸异戊酯 |
14 | 10.969 | 0.01 | 戊酸乙酯 |
15 | 12.357 | 0.02 | 正己酸乙酯 |
表3吸水率性能测试和热膨胀性能的测试
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种可改善水质的炻器,其特征在于,所述炻器的制备原料至少包含:石粉、炻瓷泥、粘土、非金属矿石和铝硅酸盐矿物;
所述炻器的制备原料至少包含以下重量份:石粉50-70份,炻瓷泥15-40份,粘土1-5份,非金属矿石0.05-1份,铝硅酸盐矿物1.1-2.5份;
所述炻器的制备原料还包含:蛇纹石、超支化有机硅、纳米氧化亚铜、羟基磷灰石;
所述蛇纹石的重量份为1.3份;所述超支化有机硅的重量份为0.3份;所述纳米氧化亚铜的重量份为0.8份;所述羟基磷灰石的重量份为1.1份;
所述纳米氧化亚铜的制备方法如下:
第一步,分别配制质量百分比浓度为2-7%的海藻酸钠水溶液和质量百分比浓度为10%的铜盐溶液,备用;
第二步,在超声波震荡或者高速搅拌下,将铜盐溶液缓慢加入到上述海藻酸钠水溶液中;
然后,在20℃-100℃下,按与铜离子的摩尔比为1︰1.3的比例,加入葡萄糖或抗坏血酸作还原剂,还原反应30-60min,得到纳米氧化亚铜凝胶;
将所得凝胶负压除泡、静置,在真空干燥箱中干燥,研磨粉碎,即可制备得到纳米氧化亚铜;
所述纳米氧化亚铜的粒径为1-10nm;
所述铝硅酸盐矿物为钾长石、石榴石和沸石的混合物;且所述钾长石、石榴石和沸石的重量比为1:1:2
所述非金属矿石为云母、石英岩、硅灰石、膨润土、高岭土和石棉的混合物;且所述云母、石英岩、硅灰石、膨润土、高岭土和石棉的重量比为1:2:2:3:1:2;
所述石粉为大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉的混合物;所述大理石粉、白云石粉、电气石粉、堇青石粉和钇铝石榴石粉的重量比为1:2:1:3:2;
所述石粉的粒径为100-400目。
2.一种制备权利要求1所述的一种可改善水质的炻器的工艺流程,其特征在于,所述工艺流程包括:石块打粉-石粉研磨-混入配方泥料搅拌-过筛-脱水压制成饼-练泥-陈腐-练泥-模具注浆成型/滚压成型-素烧-打磨-大窑烧制-贴花烧制/阴雕-成品。
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