CN108935334B - Method for sterilizing breeding hosts of dastarcus helophoroides - Google Patents
Method for sterilizing breeding hosts of dastarcus helophoroides Download PDFInfo
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- CN108935334B CN108935334B CN201810652834.9A CN201810652834A CN108935334B CN 108935334 B CN108935334 B CN 108935334B CN 201810652834 A CN201810652834 A CN 201810652834A CN 108935334 B CN108935334 B CN 108935334B
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 241000164724 Dastarcus helophoroides Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241001481710 Cerambycidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241001442207 Monochamus alternatus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001484304 Bothrideridae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001609695 Anoplophora glabripennis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000122904 Mucuna Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for sterilizing a dastarcus helophoroides breeding host. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting the mature longicorn larvae without wound and pollution on body surface; (2) respectively putting the longicorn larvae screened in the step (1) into worm boxes, one for each grid, isolating the longicorn larvae from each other, and putting the worm boxes into a sterilization rack; (3) setting the oven to 60 ℃, preheating to a set temperature, putting the sterilizing rack into the oven, and sterilizing the host at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 25-35 minutes; (4) and (4) putting the insect box sterilized in the step (3) into an inoculation room, and heating to room temperature of 25 ℃ for 30-60 minutes. The method provided by the invention is used for performing living body sterilization treatment, the body surface germs of the hosts are obviously reduced after sterilization, the colony number and the later period pollution rate of the hosts are obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the hosts are softened after sterilization treatment, so that the parasitic rate and the breeding efficiency are improved, and the method is obviously superior to the traditional sterilization treatment mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of breeding of dastarcus helophoroides, and relates to a method for sterilizing breeding hosts of dastarcus helophoroides.
Background
Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire (Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire) is originally belonging to Coleoptera (Coleoptera) Endocarpium (Colydidae) and independently becomes insects of Bothrideridae (Bothrideridae), namely Dastarcus helophoroides, Mucuna parasitides and Sinomenii parasitides. The dastarcus helophoroides is distributed in the range of 105-135 degrees of east longitude and 30-40 degrees of north latitude, and is known to be peculiar to China and Japan. It is known that 18 provinces such as Liaoning, Shanghai, Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Sichuan are distributed in China. Japan is distributed mainly in japan, kyu, and osaka. The dastarcus helophoroides is one of the main natural enemies of the natural cattle pest insects which attack trunk.
In agriculture and forestry production in China, longhorn beetles are a very serious harmful pest, and include common species such as monochamus alternatus hope, anoplophora glabripennis, marmot longicorn, mulberry longicorn and the like. Most of the adults can gnaw the tender branch bark of the tree to supplement nutrition, so that the host is weakened; the larvae bore the trunks of trees in large quantities, causing the trees to become pieces, turn over and die. Because the longicorn pests live in extremely hidden places and live in trunks in most of the life, effective measures are extremely difficult to take for prevention and treatment in actual production. The natural enemy insects such as the dastarcus helophoroides and the like are released, so that the control problem of the longicorn can be better solved.
At present, natural enemy dastarcus helophoroides mainly adopts an artificial breeding mode, namely, artificial inoculation is utilized for breeding by utilizing an alternative host (monochamus alternatus hope). In the breeding process, the sterilization treatment of the host is an important means and a necessary link for reducing germ infection and improving the breeding efficiency. The traditional host sterilization mainly adopts a mode of ultraviolet irradiation or 75% alcohol cleaning, has poor sterilization effect, is easy to cause problems of later-period pollution and the like, and seriously influences the breeding efficiency of the dastarcus helophoroides. The high-temperature sterilization treatment method for the living hosts has good sterilization effect, the pathogens on the body surfaces of the hosts are obviously reduced, the polypide is softened, and the inoculation efficiency is obviously improved; the report is not found in China through literature retrieval.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient sterilization treatment method for breeding hosts of dastarcus helophoroides aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for sterilizing a dastarcus helophoroides breeding host comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting insects: selecting healthy dastarcus helophoroides without wound on body surface and pollution to breed the mature larva of the host longicorn;
(2) packing the longicorn mature larvae screened in the step (1) into worm sterilization boxes, wherein each worm sterilization box is made of transparent heat-resistant plastic and comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, 50 sunk worm chambers with the depth of 1 × 3.5.5 cm are distributed on the upper cover and the lower cover, and after the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the upper cover and the lower cover are closed to form 50 mutually isolated capsule worm chambers;
(3) setting the oven to 60 ℃, preheating to a set temperature, placing the sterilization frame prepared in the step (2) into the oven, wherein one side of a baffle of the sterilization frame faces an air outlet to prevent hot air from directly blowing to the insect sterilization box, and sterilizing the hosts at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 25-35 minutes;
(4) temperature return: and (4) putting the insect body sterilization box subjected to sterilization treatment in the step (3) into an inoculation room, and carrying out room temperature returning for 30-60 minutes at 25 ℃.
The preference of the monochamus alternatus hope for breeding the host monochamus alternatus hope is monochamus alternatus hope.
The sterilization time is preferably 30 minutes.
The tempering time is preferably 60 minutes.
Has the advantages that:
the method adopts a high-temperature sterilization mode to replace the traditional sterilization mode, and adopts specific sterilization time, sterilization temperature and temperature return time control to carry out living sterilization treatment on the dastarcus helophoroides host, namely the monochamus alternatus larva, so that the body surface germs of the host after sterilization are obviously reduced, the colony number of the larva is reduced by 87.1 percent, and the later-period pollution rate is reduced by 86.9 percent; meanwhile, the host insect body is softened after the sterilization treatment, parasitic invasion of the dastarcus helophoroides larvae is facilitated, the parasitic rate is improved by 10%, the breeding efficiency (the yield of the dastarcus helophoroides adults) is improved by 47.4%, and the method is obviously superior to the traditional sterilization treatment mode. As the preferred embodiment of the invention, a specially-made sterilization box is adopted, so that the insect body can be isolated, the uniform heating is facilitated, and the sterilization effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a self-made sterilization box
1 is an upper cover, 2 is a lower cover, and 3 is a recessed insect chamber.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sterilization frame
4 is a supporting baffle plate, and 5 is an interlayer baffle plate.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The insect body sterilizing box is self-made sterilizing equipment and mainly comprises an insect box and a sterilizing frame, and the structural schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
The insect box is made of heat-resistant plastic and consists of an upper cover 1 and a lower cover 2, 50 sunken insect chambers 3 of 1 × 3.5.5 cm are distributed on the upper cover and the lower cover, the upper insect chamber and the lower insect chamber are combined to form 50 mutually isolated 'capsule' insect chambers, and the longicorn larvae to be sterilized are placed into the insect chambers individually, so that the insect bodies are isolated from each other, the insect body wound caused by mutual killing and self-residual is reduced, and the pollution probability is reduced.
The sterilization frame is made of stainless steel and consists of a supporting baffle 4 and an interlayer baffle 5 (figure 2). The supporting baffle is a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 0.2cm, and the interlayer baffle is a stainless steel net with the aperture of 1 cm. The sterilization frame is formed by welding 3 supporting baffles (two sides + bottom plate) and 9 interlayer baffles.
During sterilization, the host longhorn beetles are put into the worm box, put into the sterilization frame and then put into the oven. Notice the baffle and face the oven air outlet, avoid hot-blast direct blowing to the worm box.
Example 2
The different sterilization treatment methods of the breeding hosts of the dastarcus helophoroides are compared with the application examples:
(1) selecting insects: 2500 healthy monochamus alternatus aged larvae without wounds and pollution on body surfaces are selected;
(2) the treatment method comprises the following steps: the longhorn beetles are respectively treated by 5 treatment modes of high-temperature sterilization, 75% alcohol sterilization, ultraviolet lamp irradiation sterilization, 3% hydrogen peroxide sterilization, comparison and the like, and each treatment mode is 500.
High-temperature sterilization treatment: respectively putting the screened longicorn larvae into self-made larva boxes, wherein each longicorn larva box is isolated from each other, and then putting the larva boxes into a sterilization frame; placing the mixture into an oven, and sterilizing the host at 60 ℃ for 30 minutes; placing the sterilized insect box into an inoculation room, and returning the temperature to the room temperature for 60 minutes for later use;
and (3) sterilizing 75% alcohol: placing the screened longicorn larvae into 75% alcohol solution, soaking for 5 seconds, taking out, placing into an inoculation room, and airing for later use;
ultraviolet lamp irradiation sterilization treatment: spreading the screened longicorn larvae in a tray, placing under an ultraviolet lamp (at a distance of 50cm) to irradiate for 30 minutes, and taking out for later use;
3% hydrogen peroxide sterilization treatment steps: placing the screened longicorn larvae into a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, soaking for 5 seconds, taking out, placing into an inoculation room, and airing for later use;
comparison: no sterilization treatment is performed.
(3) And (3) detecting colony of the worm: for each treatment, 10-day cows were randomly selected for detection of pathogens on the surface of the body. Each of the 10 treated longhorns was put into 200ml of sterile water, washed with shaking for 2 minutes, and taken out. Taking 0.5ml of the liquid with the longicorn body surface germs, and carrying out plate culture. Culturing at 25 deg.C for 2-3 days in incubator, and calculating colony count per unit area.
(4) Inoculation, tubing and culture: inoculating the larvae of Dastarcus helophoroides newly hatched to the body surface of the larvae of Anoplophorae seu Aprionae after different treatments with a brush, inoculating 15 larvae of Dastarcus helophoroides to each host, placing the larvae into sterilized glass finger-shaped tubes, and plugging the tube orifice with cotton balls after 1 end of each tube. And (4) placing the inoculated longicorn larvae into a culture room, and culturing for 45-50 days.
(5) And (3) counting the breeding effect: and after all the adults emerge from the shells through eclosion, counting information such as the number of the pollution tubes, the number of the parasitic tubes, the number of the adults and the like.
(6) And (4) analyzing results:
TABLE 1 influence of different sterilization treatment modes of hosts on breeding indexes
① influence of different treatment modes on colony on surface of host insect body, as shown by plate culture and counting colony number per unit area, high temperature sterilization and other sterilization treatment modes have inhibiting effect on surface bacteria of insect body, wherein the colony number of the high temperature sterilization treatment mode is the lowest and is only 2.3/cm2Compared with the control, the reduction is 87.1 percent. The colony count is reduced after the treatments of 75% alcohol sterilization, ultraviolet lamp irradiation sterilization, 3% hydrogen peroxide sterilization and the like, but the reduction range is only 35.9-50%.
②, counting the influence of the different treatment modes on the parasitic rate and the pollution rate, and finding that the parasitic rate of the high-temperature sterilization treatment mode is improved by 6-10% compared with other treatment modes, and the later pollution rate is reduced by 80.7-86.9%.
③ the influence of different treatment modes on the yield of the dastarcus helophoroides adults is that although the parasitic rate of high-temperature sterilization is only improved by 6-10% compared with other treatment modes, the breeding efficiency is obviously improved, the yield of the dastarcus helophoroides adults of each host reaches 7.8, which is obviously higher than that of other treatment modes, and the breeding efficiency is improved by 33.3-47.4%.
Claims (4)
1. A method for sterilizing a dastarcus helophoroides breeding host is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting insects: selecting healthy dastarcus helophoroides without wound on body surface and pollution to breed the mature larva of the host longicorn;
(2) packing the longicorn mature larvae screened in the step (1) into worm sterilization boxes, wherein each worm sterilization box is made of transparent heat-resistant plastic and comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, 50 sunk worm chambers with the depth of 1 × 3.5.5 cm are distributed on the upper cover and the lower cover, and after the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the upper cover and the lower cover are closed to form 50 mutually isolated capsule worm chambers;
(3) and (3) sterilization: setting the oven to 60 ℃, preheating to a set temperature, placing the sterilization frame prepared in the step (2) into the oven, wherein one side of a baffle of the sterilization frame faces an air outlet to prevent hot air from directly blowing to the insect sterilization box, and sterilizing the hosts at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 25-35 minutes;
(4) temperature return: and (4) putting the insect body sterilization box subjected to sterilization treatment in the step (3) into an inoculation room, and carrying out room temperature returning for 30-60 minutes at 25 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the breeding host longicorn of dastarcus helophoroides is monochamus alternatus hope.
3. Method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the sterilization time is 30 minutes.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the tempering time is 60 minutes.
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| CN111467232A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-07-31 | 湖南自然创造生物科技有限公司 | Insect body drug injection device, application method thereof and insect body drug carrier |
| CN112400811A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-26 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Method for breeding dastarcus helophoroides on large scale by utilizing thyestillageblerifolius |
| CN112913785B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-02 | 贾自峰 | Method for improving parasitic rate of parasitic tenebrio molitor of dastarcus helophoroides by using longicorn soaking solution |
| CN113180009B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2024-01-30 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Method for raising and preserving artificial habitat of adult Dastarcus helophoroides |
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