CN108925202B - Garlic harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a garlic harvester, which comprises a movable frame; the clamping and pulling device is used for clamping the rhizome of the garlic and lifting the rhizome to a high position; the feed inlet of the horizontal transfer device is connected with the high-level discharge outlet of the clamping and pulling device; the receiving device is arranged at the position below the discharge port of the horizontal transfer device; cutting device, cutting device sets up the side at horizontal transfer device and implements the cutting off operation to garlic stem, the garlic is when actual results, utilize foretell clamp to pull out the device, utilize the clamp to pull out the device and press from both sides the garlic stem of garlic tightly and pull up from planting, the garlic after pulling up is arranged and is being pressed from both sides and pull out the device and transport to horizontal transfer device, the cutting device who is located the horizontal transfer device side, cut off the garlic stem that shows on the horizontal transfer device, save garlic head and partly garlic stem, and drop to in the material collecting device, this garlic harvester can realize gathering to the automation of garlic, improve the efficiency of gathering of garlic.

Description

Garlic harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting equipment, in particular to a garlic harvester.

Background

In the planting process of the garlic, in order to improve the storage time, the garlic bulbs of the garlic are generally dried in the air, so that the storage time of the garlic bulbs of the garlic can be effectively prolonged, and the garlic in the green garlic stage has rich nutrition in garlic leaves and stems and can be directly fried and eaten. The harvesting season of garlic in China is 5 months every year, when the garlic is actually harvested, the garlic head part of the garlic is mainly obtained, when the garlic is actually harvested, generally, the withered garlic is firstly pulled up and bundled together manually, the bundled garlic is transported to a drying factory or is cut off from the end part of a garlic stem on site, so that the required garlic head is obtained, the garlic head is transported to a drying yard to be dried, the root and beard part of the garlic is cut off, and a finished product can be obtained and can be directly packaged and sold. Current garlic adopts the manual work mode mostly to gather when actual collection, and the manual work mode is gathered inefficiency, also has the machinery of gathering to the garlic on the market, but general design is all less mature.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: the garlic harvester can realize automatic harvesting of garlic and improve harvesting efficiency of garlic.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the garlic harvester comprises a movable frame;

a pinching and pulling device for pinching the root and stem of the garlic and lifting the same to a high position;

the feed inlet of the horizontal transfer device is connected with the high-position discharge outlet of the clamping and pulling device;

the receiving device is arranged at the position below the discharge port of the horizontal transfer device;

and the cutting device is arranged beside the horizontal transfer device and is used for cutting off the garlic stems.

The invention also has the following features:

and a soil raking device is arranged between the discharge hole of the clamping and pulling device and the feed inlet of the horizontal transfer device and is used for raking garlic root hairs.

The clamping and pulling device comprises a first fixed clamping crawler belt and a second fixed clamping crawler belt, the belt surfaces of the first fixed clamping crawler belt and the second fixed clamping crawler belt are vertically and obliquely arranged, the sides of the first fixed clamping crawler and the second fixed clamping crawler are respectively provided with a first movable clamping crawler and a second movable clamping crawler, the belt surfaces of the first movable clamping crawler belt and the second movable clamping crawler belt are vertical and parallel to the first fixed clamping crawler belt and the second fixed clamping crawler belt, the belt surface of the first fixed clamping crawler belt is abutted against the belt surface of the first movable clamping crawler belt, the belt surface of the second fixed clamping crawler belt is abutted against the belt surface of the second movable clamping crawler belt, the driving mechanism drives the first fixed clamping crawler belt and the second fixed clamping crawler belt and the first movable clamping crawler belt and the second movable clamping crawler belt to synchronously rotate, the first fixed clamping crawler belt and the first movable clamping crawler belt rotate in opposite directions, and the second fixed clamping crawler belt and the second movable clamping crawler belt rotate in opposite directions.

The first fixed clamping crawler and the second fixed clamping crawler are located between the first movable clamping crawler and the second movable clamping crawler, a fixed material shifting frame extends in front of the lower ends of the first fixed clamping crawler and the second fixed clamping crawler, and movable material shifting frames extend in front of the lower ends of the first movable clamping crawler and the second movable clamping crawler respectively.

The fixed material stirring frame comprises two first material stirring guide rods at the front end, the two first material stirring guide rods are arranged along the length direction of the moving frame and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, the tail ends of the two first material stirring guide rods are provided with first material stirring blocks, the plate surfaces of the first material stirring blocks are vertically and rotatably provided with first guide rollers in the middle sections, the wheel cores of the first guide rollers are vertical, the roller surfaces of the first material stirring blocks extend out of the plate surfaces on the two sides of the first material stirring blocks, the front end of each first material stirring block is provided with a first guide arc plate, the first guide arc plates extend forwards along the length direction of the moving frame, and the first guide arc plates are distributed on the two sides of the first material stirring blocks;

the material pushing device is characterized in that two second material pushing guide rods at the front end of the movable material pushing frame are arranged along the length direction of the movable frame and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, second material pushing blocks are arranged at the tail ends of the two second material pushing guide rods, second guide rollers are arranged on the vertical surfaces of the second material pushing blocks in a rotating mode in the middle section, wheel cores of the second guide rollers are vertical, the roller surfaces of the second guide rollers stretch out of two side plate surfaces of the second guide rollers, and second guide arc plates extend forwards along the length direction of the movable frame.

The first fixed clamping crawler and the second fixed clamping crawler are fixed on the mounting support, a distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the first movable clamping crawler and the mounting support, and the distance adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the distance between the belt surface of the first movable clamping crawler and the first fixed clamping crawler and the distance between the belt surface of the second movable clamping crawler and the second fixed clamping crawler.

All be provided with first, second support balladeur train on the frame of first, second removal centre gripping track, first, second support balladeur train extends to the installing support direction, be provided with first support slide bar between the first support balladeur train on first, second removal centre gripping track, the length direction level of first support slide bar just is perpendicular with the length direction of moving the frame, first, second remove and are provided with the second support slide bar between the second support balladeur train on the centre gripping track, the second supports the slide bar and is parallel with first support slide bar, the cover is equipped with supporting spring on the second support slide bar, supporting spring's both ends support with the second respectively and lean on, the both ends of first support slide bar and second support slide bar are fixed with the installing support.

The distance adjusting mechanism comprises adjusting wedge blocks arranged under the frames of the first and second movable clamping tracks, the adjusting wedge blocks are arranged along the length direction of the movable frame, one side of each adjusting wedge block is provided with an adjusting inclined surface, the side of each adjusting wedge block is provided with an adjusting roller, the wheel core of each adjusting roller is vertical, the wheel rim of each adjusting roller is abutted to the adjusting inclined surface of each adjusting wedge block, and the adjusting rollers are driven to horizontally reciprocate along the length direction of the movable frame by the distance adjusting mechanism.

The side of adjusting wedge block is provided with the regulation slide rail, it is parallel with the length of moving vehicle frame to adjust the slide rail, the adjusting roller rotary type sets up on the gyro wheel support and slides and set up on adjusting the slide rail, be provided with adjusting nut on the gyro wheel support, be provided with accommodate the lead screw in the adjusting nut, accommodate the lead screw is parallel with the length of moving vehicle frame, accommodate the lead screw's one end is connected with the pivot of steering gear, connect through the connecting axle between the steering gear, be provided with a driving hand wheel on the steering gear.

The frame bottoms of the first fixed clamping crawler belt and the second fixed clamping crawler belt are respectively provided with a sliding material baffle plate, the sliding material baffle plates are parallel to the length direction of the first fixed clamping crawler belt and the second fixed clamping crawler belt, the high ends of the sliding material baffle plates horizontally extend, one side of the horizontal extension section of each sliding material baffle plate is provided with a first baffle plate, the side of the horizontal extension section of each sliding material baffle plate is provided with a fixed sliding plate, the fixed sliding plates and the horizontal extension sections of the sliding material baffle plates are arranged in a clearance mode, one side of each fixed sliding plate is provided with a second baffle plate, the first baffle plates and the second baffle plates are in a shape like a Chinese character 'ba', the small-sized ends of the first baffle plates and the second baffle plates form a discharge port, the first baffle plates and the second baffle plates are respectively provided with material stirring rollers, and the roller cores of the two material stirring rollers are vertical and form a passage for materials to pass through;

the soil raking device comprises a soil raking roller arranged below a gap between a fixed sliding plate and a horizontal extending section of a sliding material baffle plate, a soil raking roller core is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of a moving frame, a plurality of rocker arms are arranged on the roller surface of the soil raking roller in the axial direction, one ends of the rocker arms are hinged to the roller surface of the soil raking roller, hinge shafts are parallel to the soil raking roller, and a power mechanism drives the soil raking roller to rotate.

The horizontal transfer device comprises a first horizontal clamping belt and a second horizontal clamping belt, the belt surfaces of the first horizontal clamping belt and the second horizontal clamping belt are vertical, the length direction of the first horizontal clamping belt and the length direction of the second horizontal clamping belt are parallel to the length direction of the moving frame, a first fixed conveying belt is arranged on the outer side of the first horizontal clamping belt, a second fixed conveying belt is arranged on the outer side of the second horizontal clamping belt, and a power mechanism drives the first horizontal clamping belt, the second horizontal clamping belt and the first fixed conveying belt and the second fixed conveying belt to synchronously rotate.

Be provided with the support slide between the support body of first, the fixed conveyer belt of second, it is fixed with the installing support that the lower facial features of support slide passes through linking bridge, the support body that first, second level added the area is provided with supporting slide respectively, first, second level adds and is provided with the direction slide bar between the supporting slide on the area, direction slide bar length direction level just is perpendicular with moving vehicle frame length direction, the cover is equipped with clamping spring on the direction slide bar, clamping spring's both ends support with supporting slide respectively and lean on, supporting slide slides and sets up the last face at the support slide.

The cutting device comprises a fixed cutter holder arranged above a first fixed conveying belt and a second fixed conveying belt, a movable cutter plate is further arranged above the first horizontal clamping belt and the second horizontal clamping belt, the horizontal surface and the length direction of the movable cutter plate are parallel to the length direction of the movable frame, and the movable cutter plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the movable frame and moves to and fro and abuts against or separates from the fixed cutter holder.

The upper parts of the first horizontal clamping belt and the second horizontal clamping belt are also provided with supporting slide rails, the length directions of the supporting slide rails are horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the moving frame, the moving knife board is fixed with the moving support board, and the moving support board is arranged on the supporting slide rails in a sliding manner.

The upper plate surface of the movable knife board is provided with a material driving frame, the material driving frame is integrally arc-shaped, the side of the fixed knife holder is provided with a material sliding frame, and the frame surface of the material sliding frame is obliquely arranged.

The setting of the roller of stirring soil is epaxial even, even axle length direction level and perpendicular with moving vehicle frame length direction, the middle section of linking the axle is provided with the eccentric wheel, it is articulated with the one end of connecting rod to move one side of mounting panel, the other end drive slider of connecting rod is articulated, the articulated shaft at the both ends of connecting rod is vertical, the drive slider slides and sets up on the drive slide bar, the drive slide bar is parallel with moving vehicle frame length direction, the one end of drive slide bar is provided with the fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixed with the installing support, it supports and leans on the slide to be provided with on the drive slider, it is vertical to support the face of slide, the wheel face of eccentric wheel supports with to support and leans on the slide, the cover is equipped with the spring on the drive slide bar, the both ends of spring support with drive slider and fixed plate respectively and lean on.

The tail end of installing support is provided with the back shaft, the back shaft level just is perpendicular with the length direction of moving the frame, it rotates with the back shaft to move the frame and be connected, be provided with angle adjustment mechanism between back shaft and the installing support, angle adjustment mechanism is used for adjusting the contained angle between installing support and the horizontal plane.

The angle adjustment mechanism includes that the rotary type sets up the regulating spindle in the installing support middle section, the regulating spindle level just is perpendicular with removal frame length direction, the middle section of regulating spindle is provided with the regulating wheel, regulating wheel and regulating spindle eccentric arrangement, be provided with the limiting plate on the removal frame, the regulating wheel supports with the limiting plate and leans on, the epaxial ratchet that is provided with of regulating spindle, be provided with the pawl on the installing support, pawl one end is connected with the installing support rotation, the pawl other end and ratchet cooperation, the one end of regulating spindle is provided with adjusting hand wheel.

The driving mechanism comprises a first synchronous belt wheel and a second synchronous belt wheel which are respectively arranged above one end of the frame body of the first fixed clamping track and one end of the frame body of the second fixed clamping track, a first transition belt wheel and a second transition belt wheel are respectively arranged beside the first synchronous belt wheel, and the first synchronous belt wheel, the second synchronous belt wheel, the first transition belt wheel and the second transition belt wheel are connected through a synchronous belt;

a third synchronous belt wheel is arranged below the other end of the first fixed clamping crawler frame body, a fourth synchronous belt wheel is arranged below one end of the first movable clamping crawler frame body, a fourth transition belt wheel is arranged beside the fourth synchronous belt wheel, a third transition belt wheel is arranged beside the third synchronous belt wheel, and the third synchronous belt wheel, the fourth synchronous belt wheel, the third transition belt wheel and the fourth transition belt wheel are connected through a synchronous belt;

a fifth synchronous belt wheel is arranged below the other end of the second fixed clamping crawler frame body, a sixth synchronous belt wheel is arranged below one end of the second movable clamping crawler frame body, a sixth transition belt wheel is arranged beside the sixth synchronous belt wheel, a fifth transition belt wheel is arranged beside the fifth synchronous belt wheel, and the fifth synchronous belt wheel, the sixth synchronous belt wheel, the fifth transition belt wheel and the sixth transition belt wheel are connected through a synchronous belt;

the third transition belt wheel, the fourth transition belt wheel, the fifth transition belt wheel and the sixth transition belt wheel are rotatably arranged on the adjusting support frame, a support bar is arranged on the mounting support frame, two sliding columns are arranged on the support bar in parallel at intervals, the sliding columns are parallel to the length direction of the movable frame, the adjusting support frame is arranged on the sliding columns in a sliding mode, an extrusion spring is sleeved on each sliding column, and two ends of the extrusion spring are respectively abutted against the support bar and the adjusting support frame;

and a driving worm wheel is coaxially arranged on the sixth transition belt wheel, a driving worm is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft, and the driving worm is matched with the driving worm wheel.

The power mechanism comprises a first belt wheel arranged below one end of the first fixed conveying belt frame body and a second belt wheel arranged below one end of the second fixed conveying belt frame body, wherein a first connecting belt wheel and a second connecting belt wheel are arranged beside the first belt wheel respectively, the first belt wheel, the second belt wheel, the first connecting belt wheel and the second connecting belt wheel are connected through a synchronous belt, a worm wheel is arranged below the other end of the second fixed conveying belt frame body, a worm is arranged on the shaft body of the connecting shaft, and the worm is matched with the worm wheel.

The material receiving device comprises a material receiving frame arranged on the moving vehicle frame, wherein a frame opening of the material receiving frame vertically upwards is positioned at the lower positions of a discharge port of the first horizontal clamping belt and the first fixed conveying belt and a discharge port of the second horizontal clamping belt and the second fixed conveying belt, and supporting balls are arranged on the frame bottom and the frame wall of the material receiving frame respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that: when the garlic is actually harvested, the harvesting machine is transferred to a planting field, the harvesting machine is started, the clamping and pulling device is utilized, the garlic rods of the garlic are clamped and pulled up from the planting field by the clamping and pulling device, the pulled-up garlic is arranged on the clamping and pulling device and transferred to the horizontal transfer device, the garlic rods are cut off by the cutting device located beside the horizontal transfer device, the garlic rods exposed on the horizontal transfer device are cut off, the garlic heads and a part of the garlic rods are stored, and the garlic rods fall into the receiving device, and the garlic harvesting machine can achieve automatic harvesting of the garlic and improve harvesting efficiency of the garlic.

Drawings

Fig. 1 to 3 are schematic views of three viewing angle structures of a garlic harvester;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the clamping mechanism of the garlic harvester;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 from another perspective;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a clamping and pulling device and a soil raking device of the garlic harvester;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 6 from another perspective;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the horizontal transfer device and the cutting device of the garlic harvester;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 8 from another view angle.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 9:

in order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed.

As used herein, the terms "parallel" and "perpendicular" are not limited to their strict geometric definitions, but include tolerances for machining or human error, reasonable and inconsistent.

The specific features of the garlic harvester are detailed below:

the garlic harvester comprises a movable frame 10;

a pinching and pulling means 20 for pinching the root and stem of the garlic and lifting the same to a high position;

the feed inlet of the horizontal transfer device 30 is connected with the high-position discharge outlet of the clamping and pulling device 20;

the material receiving device 40 is arranged at the position below the discharge port of the horizontal transfer device 30;

a cutting device 50 which is provided at the side of the horizontal transfer device 30 and performs a cutting operation of the garlic stalks;

referring to fig. 1 to 3, when garlic is actually harvested, the garlic harvester is transported to a planting field, the garlic harvester is started, the clamping and pulling device 20 is used, the garlic stems of the garlic are clamped and pulled from the planting field by the clamping and pulling device 20, the pulled garlic is arranged on the clamping and pulling device 20 and transported to the horizontal transfer device 30, the garlic stems exposed on the horizontal transfer device 30 are cut by the cutting device 50 located beside the horizontal transfer device 30, the garlic bulbs and a part of the garlic stems are stored and fall into the material receiving device 40, and the garlic harvester can achieve automatic harvesting of the garlic and improve harvesting efficiency of the garlic.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 7, a soil raking device 60 is disposed between the discharge port of the gripping and pulling device 20 and the feed port of the horizontal transfer device 30, and the soil raking device 60 is used for performing soil raking operation on garlic root hairs;

since the garlic is pulled up by the clamping and pulling device 20, the garlic root hair part has the mud of the girder, and the mud of the garlic root hair part is removed, the mud raking device 60 can quickly knock down the mud of the garlic root hair part and can break off a part of fibrous roots, thereby ensuring the basic cleanness of the garlic.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the clamping and pulling device 20 includes first and second fixed clamping tracks 21, 22, the belt surfaces of the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21, 22 are vertically and obliquely arranged, a first moving clamping track 23 and a second moving clamping track 24 are respectively disposed beside the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21, 22, the belt surfaces of the first moving clamping track 23 and the second moving clamping track 24 are vertical and parallel to the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21, 22, the belt surface of the first fixed clamping track 21 abuts against the belt surface of the first moving clamping track 23, the belt surface of the second fixed clamping track 22 abuts against the belt surface of the second moving clamping track 24, a driving mechanism drives the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21, 22 and the first and second moving clamping tracks 23, 24 to synchronously rotate, the first fixed gripping track 21 rotates in the opposite direction to the first mobile gripping track 23 and the second fixed gripping track 22 rotates in the opposite direction to the second mobile gripping track 24;

the garlic clamping and pulling device comprises two rows of clamping soft crawler belts, namely a first fixed clamping crawler belt 21 and a first movable clamping crawler belt 23, and a second fixed clamping crawler belt 22 and a second movable clamping crawler belt 24, wherein the belt surface of the first fixed clamping crawler belt 21 abuts against the belt surface of the first movable clamping crawler belt 23, the belt surface of the second fixed clamping crawler belt 22 abuts against the belt surface of the second movable clamping crawler belt 24, so that garlic stems of garlic can be clamped, the driving mechanism is started, the rotating directions of the first fixed clamping crawler belt 21 and the first movable clamping crawler belt 23 are opposite, and the rotating directions of the second fixed clamping crawler belt 22 and the second movable clamping crawler belt 24 are opposite, so that the garlic is pulled out from a planting field by utilizing two driving forces, the garlic is separated from soil, and the garlic can be pulled out.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22 are located between the first and second movable clamping tracks 23 and 24, a fixed material shifting frame 71 extends in front of lower ends of the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22, and movable material shifting frames 72 extend in front of lower ends of the first and second movable clamping tracks 23 and 24, respectively;

the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22 are rotatably arranged on the frame body, the first and second movable clamping tracks 23 and 24 are also rotatably arranged on the frame body, the fixed material shifting frame 71 is fixed at the front of the lower end of the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22, the movable material shifting frame 72 is arranged at the front of the lower end of the first and second movable clamping tracks 23 and 24, when the harvester moves along the planting field, the garlic leaves of the garlic can be lifted and shifted by the fixed material shifting frame 71 and the movable material shifting frame 72, and the garlic rods for clamping the garlic by the first fixed clamping track 21 and the first movable clamping track 23 as well as the second fixed clamping track 22 and the second movable clamping track 24 are conveniently made.

Specifically, the fixed material shifting frame 71 includes two first material shifting guide rods 711 at the front end, the two first material shifting guide rods 711 are arranged along the length direction of the moving frame 10 and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, a first material shifting block 712 is arranged at the tail end of the two first material shifting guide rods 711, a first material guiding roller 713 is rotatably arranged on the vertical middle section of the plate surface of the first material shifting block 712, the wheel core of the first material guiding roller 713 is vertical, the roller surface of the first material guiding roller 713 extends out of the two side plate surfaces of the first material shifting block 712, a first material guiding arc plate 714 is arranged at the front end of the first material shifting block 712, the first material guiding arc plate 714 extends forwards along the length direction of the moving frame 10, and the first material guiding arc plates 714 are distributed on two sides of the first material shifting block 712;

two second material shifting guide rods 721 at the front end of the moving material shifting frame 72, the two second material shifting guide rods 721 are arranged along the length direction of the moving frame 10 and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, the tail ends of the two second material shifting guide rods 721 are provided with a second material shifting block 722, the plate surface of the second material shifting block 722 is vertically and the middle section of the plate surface is rotatably provided with a second material guiding roller 723, the wheel core of the second material guiding roller 723 is vertical, the roller surface extends out of the two side plate surfaces of the second material guiding roller 723, the front end of the second material shifting block 722 is provided with a second material guiding arc plate 724, and the second material guiding arc plate 724 extends forwards along the length direction of the moving frame 10;

in the garlic plant guiding device of the fixed material shifting frame 71, during the movement of the harvester, the two first material shifting guide rods 711 and the second material shifting guide rods 721 guide the garlic leaves and the garlic stems, so as to raise the garlic leaves, guide the garlic stems into the channel formed between the first material guiding roller 713 and the second material guiding roller 723, and ensure that the garlic can accurately enter the clamping ports formed between the first fixed clamping track 21 and the first movable clamping track 23, and between the second fixed clamping track 22 and the second movable clamping track 24, so as to conveniently clamp and pull the garlic stems of the garlic from the soil.

As shown in fig. 4 to 7, in order to adjust the tightness of the joints between the first fixed clamping crawler 21 and the first movable clamping crawler 23, and between the second fixed clamping crawler 22 and the second movable clamping crawler 24, the first and second fixed clamping crawlers 21 and 22 are fixed on the mounting bracket 25, and a distance adjusting mechanism is provided between the first and second movable clamping crawlers 23 and 24 and the mounting bracket 25, and is used for adjusting the distance between the belt surfaces of the first movable clamping crawler 24 and the first fixed clamping crawler 21, and between the belt surfaces of the second movable clamping crawler 24 and the second fixed clamping crawler 22;

because the garlic pulls up the required dynamics of needs from earth, consequently adopt the mode that the centre gripping track presss from both sides the tight pulling-up of centre gripping track to lead to falling of garlic pole and track very easily, consequently utilize foretell distance adjustment mechanism, conveniently adjust the area face of first removal centre gripping track 24 and first fixed centre gripping track 21 and the interval of second removal centre gripping track 24 and the fixed centre gripping track 22 area face of second, and then adjust the area face of first removal centre gripping track 24 and first fixed centre gripping track 21 and the degree of clamp of the area face of second removal centre gripping track 24 and the fixed centre gripping track 22 of second, it can to ensure to pull up most garlic from earth.

In particular, as shown in connection with fig. 5, 6 and 7, the frames of the first and second mobile gripping tracks 23, 24 are each provided with a first and a second support carriage 26, 27, the first and second support carriages 26, 27 extend in the direction of the mounting bracket 25, a first support slide 261 is provided between the first support carriages 26 on the first and second moving clamping tracks 23, 24, the length direction of the first support slide 261 is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the moving frame 10, a second supporting slide 271 is arranged between the second supporting carriages 27 on the first and second moving clamping tracks 23, 24, the second support slide 271 is parallel to the first support slide 261, a support spring 272 is sleeved on the second support slide 271, two ends of the supporting spring 272 are respectively abutted against the second supporting sliding frame 27, and two ends of the first supporting sliding rod 261 and the second supporting sliding rod 271 are fixed with the mounting bracket 25;

the first and second movable clamping tracks 23 and 24 are normally separated from the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22;

when the clamping degree of the belt surface of the first moving clamping track 24 and the first fixed clamping track 21 and the belt surface of the second moving clamping track 24 and the second fixed clamping track 22 needs to be adjusted, the distance adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting wedge 281 arranged below the frames of the first and second moving clamping tracks 23 and 24, the adjusting wedge 281 is arranged along the length direction of the moving frame 10, one side of the adjusting wedge 281 is provided with an adjusting inclined surface, an adjusting roller 282 is arranged beside the adjusting wedge 281, the wheel core of the adjusting roller 282 is vertical, the wheel rim of the adjusting roller 282 abuts against the adjusting inclined surface of the adjusting wedge 281, and the distance adjusting mechanism drives the adjusting roller 282 to horizontally reciprocate along the length direction of the moving frame 10;

referring to fig. 6 and 7, an adjusting slide rail 284 is disposed beside the adjusting wedge 281, the adjusting slide rail 284 is parallel to the length of the moving frame 10, the adjusting roller 282 is rotatably disposed on a roller bracket 2821 and slidably disposed on the adjusting slide rail 284, an adjusting nut 2822 is disposed on the roller bracket 2821, an adjusting screw 283 is disposed in the adjusting nut 2822, the adjusting screw 283 is parallel to the length of the moving frame 10, one end of the adjusting screw 283 is connected to a rotating shaft of a steering gear 285, the steering gear 285 is connected to the steering gear 285 through a connecting shaft 286, and a first driving hand wheel 287 is disposed on the steering gear 285;

by rotating the first driving handwheel 287, the adjusting screw rod 283 is rotated, so as to link the roller bracket 2821 and the adjusting roller 282 to slide along the length direction of the adjusting slide rail 284, so that the adjusting roller 282 abuts against the outer side inclined surface of the adjusting wedge 281 to compress the supporting spring 272, and further the first and second movable clamping tracks 23 and 24 respectively approach to the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22 until the two sets of belt surfaces abut against and are clamped, thereby ensuring that the garlic stalks are pulled up from the soil.

Referring to fig. 7, the frame bottoms of the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22 are provided with a sliding material baffle 29, the sliding material baffle 29 is parallel to the length direction of the first and second fixed clamping tracks 21 and 22, the high end of the sliding material baffle 29 extends horizontally, one side of the horizontally extending section of the sliding material baffle 29 is provided with a first baffle 291, the side of the horizontally extending section of the sliding material baffle 29 is provided with a fixed sliding plate 61, the fixed sliding plate 61 and the horizontally extending section of the sliding material baffle 29 are arranged in a clearance manner, one side of the fixed sliding plate 61 is provided with a second baffle 611, the first baffle 291 and the second baffle 611 are in an eight shape, the small-sized ends of the first baffle 291 and the second baffle 611 form a discharge port, the first baffle 291 and the second baffle 611 are provided with material stirring rollers 64, and the roller cores of the two material stirring rollers 64 are vertical and form a passage for passing the material;

the soil raking device 60 comprises a soil raking roller 62 arranged below a gap between a fixed sliding plate 61 and a horizontal extending section of a sliding material baffle 29, a roller core of the soil raking roller 62 is horizontal and vertical to the length direction of the movable frame 10, a plurality of rocker arms 621 are arranged on the roller surface of the soil raking roller 62 in the axial direction, one ends of the rocker arms 621 are hinged with the roller surface of the soil raking roller 62, a hinged shaft is parallel to the soil raking roller 62, and a power mechanism drives the soil raking roller 62 to rotate;

the garlic is pulled up and transferred to a high position by the clamping channel formed by the first movable clamping crawler 24, the first fixed clamping crawler 21, the second movable clamping crawler 24 and the second fixed clamping crawler 22 until the garlic is conveyed to a position between the horizontal extension section of the material sliding baffle 29 and the fixed sliding plate 61, and the garlic is pushed to the material inlet of the horizontal transfer device 30 under the stirring action of the material pushing roller 64;

when the garlic is located between the horizontal extension section of the sliding material baffle plate 29 and the fixed sliding plate 61 and moves, the root hairs of the garlic are exposed in the gap between the garlic and the fixed sliding plate, the power mechanism drives the soil shifting roller 62 to rotate, and the rocker arm 621 is located on the soil shifting roller 62 to swing, so that the soil blocks on the root hairs and a part of the root hairs are conveniently knocked down, the garlic is ensured not to have large soil blocks, and subsequent operations of cleaning, drying and removing the root hairs are facilitated.

Further, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, in order to implement the horizontal guiding of the garlic, the horizontal transfer device 30 includes first and second horizontal holding belts 31, 32, the belt surfaces of the first and second horizontal holding belts 31, 32 are vertical, and the length direction is parallel to the length direction of the moving frame 10, a first fixed conveying belt 33 is disposed on the outer side of the first horizontal holding belt 31, a second fixed conveying belt 34 is disposed on the outer side of the second horizontal holding belt 32, and the power mechanism drives the first and second horizontal holding belts 31, 32 and the first and second fixed conveying belts 33, 34 to synchronously rotate;

a supporting sliding plate 35 is arranged between the frame bodies of the first and second fixed conveyor belts 33, 34, the lower plate surface of the supporting sliding plate 35 is fixed with the mounting bracket 25 through a connecting bracket, the frame bodies of the first and second horizontal clamping belts 31, 32 are respectively provided with a supporting slider 36, a guide sliding rod 37 is arranged between the supporting sliders 36 on the first and second horizontal clamping belts 31, 32, the guide sliding rod 37 is horizontal in length direction and vertical to the length direction of the moving frame 10, a clamping spring 371 is sleeved on the guide sliding rod 37, two ends of the clamping spring 371 are respectively abutted against the supporting slider 36, and the supporting slider 36 is slidably arranged on the upper plate surface of the supporting sliding plate 35;

because the garlic is pulled out from the soil, the clamping force between the first and second fixed conveyer belts 33, 34 and the first and second horizontal clamping belts 31, 32 is not required to be large, and the garlic stems of the garlic only need to be clamped slightly, the first and second horizontal clamping belts 31, 32 are arranged on the guide slide bar 37 in a sliding manner, under the action of the elastic supporting force of the clamping spring 371, so that the first and second horizontal clamping belts 31, 32 are respectively abutted against the belt surfaces of the first and second fixed conveyer belts 33, 34, the synchronous rotation of the two groups of clamping belts is realized, and the garlic is conveniently clamped and horizontally transferred.

In order to cut off garlic stems, as shown in fig. 5, the cutting device 50 includes a fixed knife seat 51 disposed above the first and second fixed conveyer belts 33, 34, and a movable knife plate 52 is further disposed above the first and second horizontal clamping belts 31, 32, a plate surface of the movable knife plate 52 is horizontal and a length direction of the movable knife plate is parallel to a length direction of the movable carriage 10, and the movable knife plate 52 reciprocates perpendicular to the length direction of the movable carriage 10 and abuts against or separates from the fixed knife seat 51;

referring to fig. 5, in order to cut off the garlic stalks of the garlic in the two sets of holding belts, the fixed knife blocks 51 are fixed at the side positions of the first and second fixed conveyor belts 33, 34 opposite to the belt surfaces, respectively, and the movable knife plate 52 reciprocates perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the movable carriage 10 to cut off the garlic stalks of the garlic when approaching the fixed knife blocks 51.

Furthermore, a supporting slide rail 53 is further arranged above the first and second horizontal clamping belts 31 and 32, the length direction of the supporting slide rail 53 is horizontal and vertical to the length direction of the moving frame 10, the moving knife plate 52 is fixed with the moving bracket plate 54, and the moving bracket plate 54 is slidably arranged on the supporting slide rail 53;

in order to lead out the cut garlic stems conveniently, the upper plate surface of the movable knife board 52 is provided with a material driving frame 521, the whole material driving frame 521 is arc-shaped, a material sliding frame 511 is arranged beside the fixed knife seat 51, and the frame surface of the material sliding frame 511 is obliquely arranged;

when the movable knife plate 52 reciprocates on the supporting slide rail 53, the material pushing frame 521 pushes the cut garlic stems into the material sliding frame 511 and slides out of the harvester.

As shown in fig. 5, the soil-shifting roller 62 is disposed on a connecting shaft 63, the connecting shaft 63 is horizontal in the length direction and vertical to the length direction of the moving carriage 10, the middle section of the connecting shaft 63 is provided with an eccentric wheel 631, one side of the moving bracket plate 54 is hinged with one end of the connecting rod 55, the other end of the connecting rod 55 drives the sliding block 56 to hinge, hinge shafts at two ends of the connecting rod 55 are vertical, the driving slide block 56 is slidably arranged on a driving slide rod 57, the driving slide rod 57 is parallel to the length direction of the moving frame 10, one end of the driving slide rod 57 is provided with a fixed plate 58, the fixed plate 58 is fixed with the mounting bracket 25, the driving slide block 56 is provided with a leaning slide plate 561, the surface of the leaning slide plate 561 is vertical, the wheel surface of the eccentric wheel 631 abuts against the abutting sliding plate 561, the driving slide rod 57 is sleeved with a spring 571, and two ends of the spring 571 respectively abut against the driving slide block 56 and the fixing plate 58;

the connecting shaft 63 can be used as a power source of the harvester and is connected with an output shaft of a gearbox of a traction device, so that the soil shifting roller 62 is linked to rotate to realize soil shifting operation on garlic roots, in the rotating process of the connecting shaft 63, the wheel surface of the eccentric wheel 631 abuts against the abutting sliding plate 561, in the rotating process of the connecting shaft 63, the driving slider 56 is linked to slide on the driving slide rod 57, the connecting rod 55 is linked to push the movable knife plate 52 to reciprocate on the supporting slide rail 53, the movable knife plate 52 abuts against or is separated from the fixed knife seat 51, and then cutting operation on the garlic stalks is realized;

the spring 571 is used to keep the movable knife plate 52 and the fixed knife holder 51 separated from each other in a normal state, so that the normal movement of the garlic on the horizontal transfer device 30 is not affected.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to ensure that the clamping and pulling device 20 can accurately clamp the garlic stem of the garlic and ensure that the garlic is pulled out of the soil, a supporting shaft 251 is disposed at the tail end of the mounting bracket 25, the supporting shaft 251 is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the moving frame 10, the moving frame 10 is rotatably connected to the supporting shaft 251, and an angle adjusting mechanism is disposed between the supporting shaft 251 and the mounting bracket 25 and used for adjusting the included angle between the mounting bracket 25 and the horizontal plane;

the angle adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting shaft 252 which is rotatably arranged at the middle section of the mounting bracket 25, the adjusting shaft 252 is horizontal and is vertical to the length direction of the moving frame 10, an adjusting wheel 253 is arranged at the middle section of the adjusting shaft 252, the adjusting wheel 253 and the adjusting shaft 252 are eccentrically arranged, a limiting plate 11 is arranged on the moving frame 10, the adjusting wheel 253 is abutted against the limiting plate 11, a ratchet wheel 254 is arranged on the shaft body of the adjusting shaft 252, a pawl 255 is arranged on the mounting bracket 25, one end of the pawl 255 is rotatably connected with the mounting bracket 25, the other end of the pawl 255 is matched with the ratchet wheel 254, and an adjusting hand wheel 256 is arranged at one end of the adjusting shaft 252;

when the included angle between the mounting bracket 25 and the horizontal plane needs to be adjusted, the adjusting hand wheel 256 is rotated to rotate the adjusting shaft 252, and the adjusting wheel 253 is abutted against the limiting plate 11, so that the included angle between the mounting bracket 25 and the horizontal plane is adjusted;

the pawl 255 is matched with the ratchet wheel 254, so that the adjusting shaft 252 is locked, and the adjusting shaft 252 is prevented from rotating freely;

the wheel center of the adjusting wheel 253 faces to the rear of the adjusting shaft 252, so that the adjusting wheel 253 is prevented from rotating reversely due to gravity, and the pawl 255 is matched with the ratchet wheel 254, so that the adjusting shaft 252 can be locked in real time, and the adjusting operation is very convenient.

Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, in order to realize the synchronous and reverse rotation of the first fixed clamping track 21 and the first movable clamping track 23, and the second fixed clamping track 22 and the second movable clamping track 24, the driving mechanism includes a first synchronous pulley 211 and a second synchronous pulley 221 respectively disposed above one end of the frame body of the first fixed clamping track 21 and the second fixed clamping track 22, a first transition pulley 212 and a second transition pulley 213 are respectively disposed beside the first synchronous pulley 211, and the first synchronous pulley 211, the second synchronous pulley 221, and the first transition pulley 212 and the second transition pulley 213 are connected by a synchronous belt;

the synchronous pulley connection relationship among the first synchronous pulley 211, the second synchronous pulley 221, and the first and second transition pulleys 212 and 213 can be combined

A third synchronous pulley 214 is arranged below the other end of the frame body of the first fixed clamping crawler 21, a fourth synchronous pulley 231 is arranged below one end of the frame body of the first movable clamping crawler 23, a fourth transition pulley 232 is arranged beside the fourth synchronous pulley 231, a third transition pulley 215 is arranged beside the third synchronous pulley 214, and the third synchronous pulley 214, the fourth synchronous pulley 231, the third transition pulley 215 and the fourth transition pulley 232 are connected through a synchronous belt;

the synchronous pulley connection relationship among the third synchronous pulley 214, the fourth synchronous pulley 231, the third transition pulley 215 and the fourth transition pulley 232 described above can be shown in conjunction with fig. 4 and 5;

a fifth synchronous pulley 222 is arranged below the other end of the frame body of the second fixed clamping crawler 22, a sixth synchronous pulley 241 is arranged below one end of the frame body of the second movable clamping crawler 24, a sixth transition pulley 242 is arranged beside the sixth synchronous pulley 241, a fifth transition pulley 223 is arranged beside the fifth synchronous pulley 222, and the fifth synchronous pulley 222, the sixth synchronous pulley 241, the fifth transition pulley 223 and the sixth transition pulley 242 are connected through a synchronous belt;

the above-described timing pulley connection relationship among the fifth timing pulley 222, the sixth timing pulley 241, the fifth transition pulley 223, and the sixth transition pulley 242 can be shown in conjunction with fig. 4 and 5;

the third transition pulley 215, the fourth transition pulley 232, the fifth transition pulley 223 and the sixth transition pulley 242 are rotatably disposed on the adjusting support frame 80, a support bar 257 is disposed on the mounting bracket 25, two sliding columns 258 are disposed on the support bar 257 at intervals in parallel, the sliding columns 258 are parallel to the length direction of the moving frame 10, the adjusting support frame 80 is slidably disposed on the sliding columns 258, an extrusion spring 259 is sleeved on the sliding columns 258, and two ends of the extrusion spring 259 respectively abut against the support bar 257 and the adjusting support frame 80;

as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the two sliding columns 258 can effectively realize the sliding support of the adjusting support frame 80, and under the elastic force of the compression springs 259, the third transition pulley 215, the fourth transition pulley 232, the fifth transition pulley 223 and the sixth transition pulley 242 are under tension, so as to ensure the synchronous reverse rotation of the first fixed clamping track 21 and the first moving clamping track 23 and the synchronous reverse rotation of the second fixed clamping track 22 and the second moving clamping track 24.

In order to drive the pulleys, a driving worm wheel 243 is concentrically arranged on the sixth transition pulley 242, and a driving worm 632 is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft 63, and the driving worm 632 is matched with the driving worm wheel 243.

Similarly, in order to drive the first fixed conveyer belt 33 and the second fixed conveyer belt 34, the power mechanism includes a first pulley 331 disposed below one end of the frame body of the first fixed conveyer belt 33 and a second pulley 341 disposed below one end of the frame body of the second fixed conveyer belt 34, a first connecting pulley 332 and a second connecting pulley 333 are respectively disposed beside the first pulley 331, the second pulley 341 and the first connecting pulley 332 and the second connecting pulley 333 are connected by a synchronous belt, a worm gear 342 is disposed below the other end of the frame body of the second fixed conveyer belt 34, a worm 633 is disposed on the shaft body of the connecting shaft 63, and the worm 633 is matched with the worm gear 342, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9;

the synchronous pulley connection relationship between the first pulley 331, the second pulley 341, and the first and second connecting pulleys 332 and 333 can be described with reference to fig. 9.

The worm screw 633 drives the worm wheel 342 to rotate, thereby linking the normal transfer of the horizontal transfer device 30.

Specifically, the material receiving device 40 includes a material receiving frame 41 disposed on the moving vehicle frame 10, a frame opening of the material receiving frame 41 is vertically upward and located below a discharge port of the first horizontal clamping belt 31 and the first fixed conveying belt 33 and a discharge port of the second horizontal clamping belt 32 and the second fixed conveying belt 34, and a frame bottom and a frame wall of the material receiving frame 41 are respectively provided with a supporting ball;

the front and rear ends of the moving frame 10 are respectively provided with wheels and universal wheels 12, the moving frame 10 is provided with a support connected with a transfer machine, the transfer machine can be a tractor, and the tractor is provided with a power output shaft connected with one end of a connecting shaft 63 of the harvester for power used during harvesting.

A garlic harvesting method comprises the following steps:

firstly, placing a harvesting frame in a material receiving frame 41 of a material receiving device 40, and transferring a harvester to a garlic planting field;

secondly, adjusting the angle adjusting mechanism to enable an included angle between the mounting bracket 25 and the horizontal plane to be at a proper position;

thirdly, the distance adjusting mechanism adjusts the clamping degree between the first fixed clamping crawler 21 and the first movable clamping crawler 23 and the clamping degree between the second fixed clamping crawler 22 and the second movable clamping crawler 24, and is enough for clamping and pulling the garlic stems;

fourthly, connecting the connecting shaft 63 with an output shaft of the driving machine, starting the soil raking device 60, the clamping and pulling device 20, the horizontal transfer device 30, the material receiving device 40 and the cutting device 50, starting the driving machine, enabling the garlic harvester to move along the length direction of the planting field until the harvesting frames are fully loaded, unloading the harvesting frames, replacing the empty harvesting frames, and repeating harvesting operation.

The harvested garlic is also provided with a section of garlic stem and garlic bulbs, the garlic is guided into a cleaning device for cleaning, then the garlic is dried in the air, the root hairs of the garlic are cut off again, and the garlic is packaged and sold.

Claims (8)

1. The garlic harvester is characterized in that: comprising a travelling carriage (10);

a pinching and pulling device (20), wherein the pinching and pulling device (20) is used for pinching the rhizome of the garlic and lifting the rhizome to a high position;

the feed inlet of the horizontal transfer device (30) is connected with the high-position discharge outlet of the clamping and pulling device (20);

the receiving device (40), the receiving device (40) is arranged at the position below the discharge port of the horizontal transfer device (30);

a cutting device (50), the cutting device (50) is arranged at the side of the horizontal transfer device (30) and is used for cutting off the garlic stems;

a soil raking device (60) is arranged between the discharge hole of the clamping and pulling device (20) and the feed hole of the horizontal transfer device (30), and the soil raking device (60) is used for raking soil of garlic root hairs;

the clamping and pulling device (20) comprises a first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) and a second fixed clamping crawler belt (22), the belt surfaces of the first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) and the second fixed clamping crawler belt (22) are vertically and obliquely arranged, a first movable clamping crawler belt (23) and a second movable clamping crawler belt (24) are respectively arranged beside the first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) and the second fixed clamping crawler belt (22), the belt surfaces of the first movable clamping crawler belt (23) and the second movable clamping crawler belt (24) are vertical and are parallel to the first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) and the second fixed clamping crawler belt (22), the belt surface of the first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) is abutted against the belt surface of the first movable clamping crawler belt (23), the belt surface of the second fixed clamping crawler belt (22) is abutted against the belt surface of the second movable clamping crawler belt (24), and a driving mechanism drives the first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) and the second fixed clamping crawler belt (22) and the first fixed clamping crawler belt (22), The second movable clamping crawler (23, 24) rotates synchronously, the first fixed clamping crawler (21) and the first movable clamping crawler (23) rotate in opposite directions, and the second fixed clamping crawler (22) and the second movable clamping crawler (24) rotate in opposite directions;

the first and second fixed clamping crawler belts (21, 22) are positioned between the first and second movable clamping crawler belts (23, 24), fixed material shifting frames (71) are arranged in front of the lower ends of the first and second fixed clamping crawler belts (21, 22) in an extending manner, and movable material shifting frames (72) are respectively arranged in front of the lower ends of the first and second movable clamping crawler belts (23, 24) in an extending manner;

the fixed material shifting frame (71) comprises two first material shifting guide rods (711) at the front end, the two first material shifting guide rods (711) are arranged along the length direction of the moving frame (10) and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, a first material shifting block (712) is arranged at the tail end of each first material shifting guide rod (711), a first material guiding roller (713) is arranged on the vertical plate surface of the first material shifting block (712) in a rotating mode in the middle section, a roller core of the first material guiding roller (713) is vertical, the roller surface of the roller core extends out of the two side plate surfaces of the first material shifting block (712), a first material guiding arc plate (714) is arranged at the front end of the first material shifting block (712), the first material guiding arc plate (714) extends forwards along the length direction of the moving frame (10), and the first material guiding arc plates (714) are distributed on two sides of the first material shifting block (712);

the material distributing device is characterized by comprising two second material distributing guide rods (721) at the front end of the movable material distributing frame (72), wherein the two second material distributing guide rods (721) are arranged along the length direction of the movable frame (10) and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, the tail ends of the two second material distributing guide rods (721) are provided with second material distributing blocks (722), the plate surfaces of the second material distributing blocks (722) are vertical, the middle sections of the plate surfaces of the second material distributing blocks are rotatably provided with second material guiding rollers (723), the wheel cores of the second material guiding rollers (723) are vertical, the roller surfaces of the wheel cores of the second material guiding rollers (723) stretch out of the two side plate surfaces of the second material guiding rollers (723), the front end of the second material distributing blocks (722) is provided with second material guiding arc plates (724), and the second material guiding arc plates (724) extend forwards along the length direction of the movable frame (10).

2. A garlic harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) and the second fixed clamping crawler belt (22) are fixed on a mounting bracket (25), a distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the first movable clamping crawler belt (23) and the mounting bracket (25) and between the second movable clamping crawler belt (24) and the mounting bracket (25), and the distance adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the distance between the belt surface of the first movable clamping crawler belt (24) and the first fixed clamping crawler belt (21) and the distance between the belt surface of the second movable clamping crawler belt (24) and the belt surface of the second fixed clamping crawler belt (22);

the frame of the first and second movable clamping tracks (23, 24) is provided with a first and a second supporting carriages (26, 27), the first and the second supporting carriages (26, 27) extend towards the direction of the mounting bracket (25), a first supporting slide bar (261) is arranged between the first supporting carriages (26) on the first and the second movable clamping tracks (23, 24), the length direction of the first supporting slide bar (261) is horizontal and vertical to the length direction of the movable frame (10), a second supporting slide bar (271) is arranged between the second supporting carriages (27) on the first and the second movable clamping tracks (23, 24), the second supporting slide bar (271) is parallel to the first supporting slide bar (261), the second supporting slide bar (271) is sleeved with a supporting spring (272), two ends of the supporting spring (272) are respectively abutted against the second supporting carriages (27), two ends of the first supporting slide bar (261) and the second supporting slide bar (271) are fixed with the mounting bracket (25);

the distance adjusting mechanism comprises adjusting wedges (281) arranged below frames of the first and second movable clamping tracks (23 and 24), the adjusting wedges (281) are arranged along the length direction of the movable frame (10) and are provided with adjusting inclined surfaces on one sides, adjusting rollers (282) are arranged beside the adjusting wedges (281), the wheel cores of the adjusting rollers (282) are vertical, the wheel rims abut against the adjusting inclined surfaces of the adjusting wedges (281), and the distance adjusting mechanism drives the adjusting rollers (282) to horizontally reciprocate along the length direction of the movable frame (10);

the side of adjusting voussoir (281) is provided with adjusts slide rail (284), adjust slide rail (284) and moving vehicle frame (10) length parallel, adjusting wheel (282) rotary type sets up on gyro wheel support (2821) and slides and set up on adjusting slide rail (284), be provided with adjusting nut (2822) on gyro wheel support (2821), be provided with accommodate the lead screw (283) in adjusting nut (2822), accommodate the lead screw (283) and moving vehicle frame (10) length parallel, the one end of accommodate the lead screw (283) is connected with the pivot of steering gear (285), connect through connecting axle (286) between steering gear (285), be provided with first driving hand wheel (287) on steering gear (285).

3. A garlic harvester according to claim 2, wherein: the bottoms of the frames of the first and second fixed clamping crawler belts (21, 22) are both provided with a sliding material baffle (29), the material sliding baffle (29) is parallel to the length direction of the first and second fixed clamping crawler belts (21, 22), the high end of the sliding material baffle (29) extends horizontally, one side of the horizontal extension section of the sliding material baffle (29) is provided with a first baffle (291), a fixed sliding plate (61) is arranged beside the horizontal extension section of the sliding material baffle plate (29), the fixed sliding plate (61) and the horizontally extending section of the sliding material baffle plate (29) are arranged in a clearance way, a second baffle (611) is arranged on one side of the fixed sliding plate (61), the first baffle (291) and the second baffle (611) are splayed, and the small-size ends form a discharge hole, the first baffle (291) and the second baffle (611) are both provided with material stirring rollers (64), and roller cores of the two material stirring rollers (64) are vertical and form a passage for materials to pass through;

harrow native device (60) is including setting up group native roller (62) of clearance below between the horizontal extension section of fixed slide (61) and smooth material baffle (29), it is perpendicular with removal frame (10) length direction to dial native roller (62) core level, be provided with a plurality of rocking arms (621) on the roll surface axial direction of dialling native roller (62), the one end of rocking arm (621) is articulated with the roll surface of dialling native roller (62) and the articulated shaft is parallel with group native roller (62), and power unit drive group native roller (62) rotates.

4. A garlic harvester according to claim 3, wherein: the horizontal transfer device (30) comprises a first horizontal clamping belt (31) and a second horizontal clamping belt (32), the belt surfaces of the first horizontal clamping belt (31) and the second horizontal clamping belt (32) are vertical, the length direction of the first horizontal clamping belt is parallel to the length direction of the moving frame (10), a first fixed conveying belt (33) is arranged on the outer side of the first horizontal clamping belt (31), a second fixed conveying belt (34) is arranged on the outer side of the second horizontal clamping belt (32), and a power mechanism drives the first horizontal clamping belt (31) and the second horizontal clamping belt (32) and the first fixed conveying belt (33) and the second fixed conveying belt (34) to synchronously rotate;

be provided with between the support body of first, the fixed conveyer belt of second (33, 34) and support slide (35), it is fixed with installing support (25) that the lower facial features of support slide (35) passes through linking bridge, first, second level adds the support body of holding area (31, 32) and is provided with supporting slider (36) respectively, first, second level adds and is provided with direction slide bar (37) between supporting slider (36) on holding area (31, 32), direction slide bar (37) length direction level just is perpendicular with moving vehicle frame (10) length direction, the cover is equipped with clamping spring (371) on direction slide bar (37), the both ends of clamping spring (371) support with supporting slider (36) respectively and lean on, supporting slider (36) slide and set up the last face at supporting slide (35).

5. A garlic harvester according to claim 4, wherein: the cutting device (50) comprises a fixed cutter seat (51) arranged above the first and second fixed conveying belts (33, 34), a movable cutter plate (52) is further arranged above the first and second horizontal clamping belts (31, 32), the plate surface of the movable cutter plate (52) is horizontal, the length direction of the plate surface is parallel to the length direction of the movable frame (10), and the movable cutter plate (52) reciprocates perpendicular to the length direction of the movable frame (10) and abuts against or separates from the fixed cutter seat (51);

a supporting slide rail (53) is further arranged above the first horizontal clamping belt (31) and the second horizontal clamping belt (32), the length direction of the supporting slide rail (53) is horizontal and is vertical to the length direction of the movable frame (10), the movable knife board (52) is fixed with the movable support board (54), and the movable support board (54) is arranged on the supporting slide rail (53) in a sliding manner;

the upper plate surface of the movable knife board (52) is provided with a material driving frame (521), the material driving frame (521) is integrally arc-shaped, the side of the fixed knife seat (51) is provided with a material sliding frame (511), and the frame surface of the material sliding frame (511) is obliquely arranged.

6. A garlic harvester according to claim 5, wherein: the soil shifting roller (62) is arranged on a connecting shaft (63), the length direction of the connecting shaft (63) is horizontal and is vertical to the length direction of the movable frame (10), an eccentric wheel (631) is arranged in the middle section of the connecting shaft (63), one side of the movable support plate (54) is hinged to one end of a connecting rod (55), the other end of the connecting rod (55) drives a sliding block (56) to be hinged, hinged shafts at two ends of the connecting rod (55) are vertical, the driving sliding block (56) is arranged on a driving sliding rod (57) in a sliding manner, the driving sliding rod (57) is parallel to the length direction of the movable frame (10), one end of the driving sliding rod (57) is provided with a fixing plate (58), the fixing plate (58) is fixed with the mounting bracket (25), the driving sliding block (56) is provided with a leaning sliding plate (561), the surface of the leaning sliding plate (561) is vertical, and the wheel surface of the eccentric wheel (631) is leaned against the sliding plate (561), the driving slide rod (57) is sleeved with a spring (571), and two ends of the spring (571) are respectively abutted against the driving slide block (56) and the fixing plate (58).

7. A garlic harvester according to claim 6, wherein: a supporting shaft (251) is arranged at the tail end of the mounting bracket (25), the supporting shaft (251) is horizontal and is vertical to the length direction of the moving frame (10), the moving frame (10) is rotatably connected with the supporting shaft (251), an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged between the supporting shaft (251) and the mounting bracket (25), and the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the included angle between the mounting bracket (25) and the horizontal plane;

angle adjustment mechanism includes regulating spindle (252) that the rotary type set up at installing support (25) middle section, regulating spindle (252) level and with remove frame (10) length direction perpendicular, the middle section of regulating spindle (252) is provided with regulating wheel (253), regulating wheel (253) and regulating spindle (252) eccentric arrangement, be provided with limiting plate (11) on removing frame (10), regulating wheel (253) support with limiting plate (11) and lean on, the axle of regulating spindle (252) is provided with ratchet (254) on one's body, be provided with pawl (255) on installing support (25), pawl (255) one end is rotated with installing support (25) and is connected, pawl (255) other end and ratchet (254) cooperation, the one end of regulating spindle (252) is provided with adjusting hand wheel (256).

8. A garlic harvester according to claim 7, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a first synchronous pulley (211) and a second synchronous pulley (221) which are respectively arranged above one end of the frame body of the first fixed clamping crawler (21) and the second fixed clamping crawler (22), a first transition pulley (212) and a second transition pulley (213) are respectively arranged beside the first synchronous pulley (211), and the first synchronous pulley (211), the second synchronous pulley (221) and the first transition pulley (212) and the second transition pulley (213) are connected through a synchronous belt;

a third synchronous pulley (214) is arranged below the other end of the frame body of the first fixed clamping crawler (21), a fourth synchronous pulley (231) is arranged below one end of the frame body of the first movable clamping crawler (23), a fourth transition pulley (232) is arranged beside the fourth synchronous pulley (231), a third transition pulley (215) is arranged beside the third synchronous pulley (214), and the third synchronous pulley (214), the fourth synchronous pulley (231), the third transition pulley (215) and the fourth transition pulley (232) are connected through a synchronous belt;

a fifth synchronous pulley (222) is arranged below the other end of the second fixed clamping crawler (22), a sixth synchronous pulley (241) is arranged below one end of the second movable clamping crawler (24), a sixth transition pulley (242) is arranged beside the sixth synchronous pulley (241), a fifth transition pulley (223) is arranged beside the fifth synchronous pulley (222), and the fifth synchronous pulley (222), the sixth synchronous pulley (241), the fifth transition pulley (223) and the sixth transition pulley (242) are connected through a synchronous belt;

the third transition belt wheel (215), the fourth transition belt wheel (232), the fifth transition belt wheel (223) and the sixth transition belt wheel (242) are rotatably arranged on the adjusting support frame (80), a support bar (257) is arranged on the mounting support (25), two sliding columns (258) are arranged on the support bar (257) at intervals in parallel, the sliding columns (258) are parallel to the length direction of the moving frame (10), the adjusting support frame (80) is slidably arranged on the sliding columns (258), an extrusion spring (259) is sleeved on the sliding columns (258), and two ends of the extrusion spring (259) are respectively abutted against the support bar (257) and the adjusting support frame (80);

a driving worm wheel (243) is coaxially arranged on the sixth transition belt wheel (242), a driving worm (632) is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft (63), and the driving worm (632) is matched with the driving worm wheel (243);

the power mechanism comprises a first belt wheel (331) arranged below one end of a frame body of the first fixed conveying belt (33) and a second belt wheel (341) arranged below one end of a frame body of the second fixed conveying belt (34), a first connecting belt wheel (332) and a second connecting belt wheel (333) are respectively arranged beside the first belt wheel (331), the second belt wheel (341) and the first connecting belt wheel (332) and the second connecting belt wheel (333) are connected through a synchronous belt, a worm wheel (342) is arranged below the other end of the frame body of the second fixed conveying belt (34), a worm (633) is arranged on a shaft body of the connecting shaft (63), and the worm (633) is matched with the worm wheel (342);

the material receiving device (40) comprises a material receiving frame (41) arranged on the movable vehicle frame (10), wherein a frame opening of the material receiving frame (41) is vertically upward and is located below a discharge hole of the first horizontal clamping belt (31) and the first fixed conveying belt (33) and a discharge hole of the second horizontal clamping belt (32) and the second fixed conveying belt (34), and supporting balls are respectively arranged at the bottom of the material receiving frame (41) and on a frame wall of the material receiving frame.

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