CN108922355A - Biological plasticized sample and preparation method thereof is combined in human body separation - Google Patents
Biological plasticized sample and preparation method thereof is combined in human body separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108922355A CN108922355A CN201810774359.2A CN201810774359A CN108922355A CN 108922355 A CN108922355 A CN 108922355A CN 201810774359 A CN201810774359 A CN 201810774359A CN 108922355 A CN108922355 A CN 108922355A
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
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Abstract
The present invention relates to human body separation to combine biological plasticized sample and preparation method thereof;It includes that Head And Face decomposes part, upper limb decomposes part, lower limb decompose part, trunk decomposes part and internal organ that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation, it is each decompose part and elongated by normal tissue spacing place and connected by connector, internal organ are fixed on normal position.On the basis of human body is plasticized sample, first sample is separated, separated part is placed by normal tissue sites and integrally elongated, then will partially combine to form complete specimen with connector;The distribution of tissue location and peripheral nerve and blood vessel can be intuitively shown in this way, and the morphosis of muscle clearly shows that body positions' relationship and title quantity, and teachers ' teaching and student is facilitated to learn, and sample is non-toxic and tasteless, is convenient for long-term preservation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological plasticized technical fields, and in particular to biological plasticized sample and its system are combined in a kind of separation of human body
Make method.
Background technique
It imparts knowledge to students in school at present, the common biological sample of study has:Biological plasticized sample, dipping specimen and archetype, mould
Type sample structure simply makes have certain deviation between teaching and true sample, can not achieve sample by shallow-layer to deep structure title
Display;Dipping specimen manufacturing process is simple, needs to save in liquid, cannot be exposed in air for a long time, and toxic, irritating
Property smell, cannot intuitively be gone to experience specimen location, form with hand.Present techniques apply to biological dissec fields for plasticizing mark nearly
20 years history, the biological plasticized sample produced using plastifying technology have it is nontoxic, it is tasteless, can save for a long time, user
Just, can long-term preservation in air.
Sample is plasticized more suitable for teaching, such as publication No. is CN107767750A, date of publication is in 2018.03.06
A kind of surgical instrument biological sample of state's invention patent application publication, manufacturing process include selection, preservative treatment, dissection, bleaching,
Dewatering and defatting, sizing, installation instrument (installing instrument in fracture site), is repaired, solidification, modifies and reset at vacuum impregnation, production
At sample can clearly show that fracture instrument installation site and structures surrounding.
Above-mentioned human body plasticizing sample is for fracturing instrument installation teaching preferably, but also lacking one kind can help student clear
Chu recognizes the sample of human body global tissue structure, and at present although dissection has been carried out in production in sample, but only to needs
Position dissected, many positions are not dissected or the dissection of non-depth, positional relationship, week between the internal body's component of these positions
Enclosing nerve, the distribution of blood vessel and muscle morphosis can not preferably observe, and be unfavorable for imparting knowledge to students.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of separation of human body to combine biological plasticized sample, can not to solve existing sample
The problem of completely clearly showing that human tissue structure;The object of the invention is also to provide human body separation combination is biological plasticized
The production method of sample.
To achieve the above object, the following technical solution is employed for the biological plasticized sample of human body of the invention separation combination:People
It includes that Head And Face decomposes part, upper limb decomposes part, lower limb decompose part, trunk decomposition unit that biological plasticized sample is combined in body separation
Divide and internal organ, each decomposition part are connected by normal tissue site placement, spacing elongation and by connector, internal organ are fixed on normal position
It sets
Beneficial effect:On the basis of human body is plasticized sample, first sample is separated, separated part is put by normal tissue sites
It sets and integrally elongates, then will partially combine to form complete specimen with connector;Tissue location can be intuitively shown in this way
And the distribution of peripheral nerve and blood vessel, the morphosis of muscle, clearly show that body positions' relationship and title quantity,
Teachers ' teaching and student is facilitated to learn, sample is non-toxic and tasteless, is convenient for long-term preservation.
Further, Head And Face decomposes part and elongates 3 centimetres by normal organization and fixed by stainless steel adapting piece, hand
Portion and foot by normal organization elongate 5 centimetres and by being fixed with stainless steel adapting piece, every piece of musculature is from 3 lis of bone
It is fixed at rice with stainless steel adapting piece;Chest, abdomen and pelvic part pulled open according to normal organization or so, up and down 5 centimetres and by
Stainless steel adapting piece is fixed.
Further, small intestine, large intestine and bladder are placed according to normal tissue, and distance or so between intestinal tube pulls open 2 lis up and down
Rice is put and is formed by organic glass is fixed.
The following technical solution is employed for the production method of the biological plasticized sample of human body separation combination of the invention:Human body separation
The production method for combining biological plasticized sample include selection, preservative treatment, dissection, bleaching, dewatering and defatting, vacuum impregnation, sizing,
It repairs, solidification, is decomposed after vacuum impregnation, the sample that dipping is completed is taken out from silica gel, by Head And Face, upper limb, lower limb
Multiple portions are resolved into trunk;It carries out shaping, each decomposition part is placed by normal tissue, each decomposition unit after the completion of decomposing
/ spacing is elongated, then is connected and fixed with connector by part is decomposed, and internal organ are put by normal position, after the completion of connection again into
Row is repaired, is solidified.
Further, it is separated at atlas when decomposing Head And Face, musculature median sagittal is cut, two sides whole removing
Fall facial muscles nervus vasculairs tissue, exposure bone, skull is divided into 23 pieces according to Bo Qieen skull.
Further, nervus vasculairs are separated from muscle when decomposing upper limb, musculature separates reservation from starting point
End, humerus open joint capsule separation from shoulder joint;Ulna radius opens joint capsule separation in elbow joint, and hand is in wrist
Separation.
Further, nervus vasculairs are separated from muscle when decomposing lower limb, musculature separates reservation from starting point
End, femur open joint capsule separation from hip joint;Shin bone fibula opens joint capsule separation at knee joint, and foot is in ankle
Separation.
Further, when decomposing trunk, at atlas, lower edge separates chest upper limb at arcus costarum, and centre is in rib
Breastbone is completely separated at cartilage, it is complete to retain two frame timbers, costal cartilage;It is separately separated shoulder blade, clavicle;Abdomen pelvic part portion center arrow
Shape is cut, and completely retains stomach wall, shows rectus aabdominis, musculus obliquus externus abdominis, oblique, musculus trasversus abdomins, posterior wall of abdomen display greater psoas muscle, waist side
Flesh, pelvic part musculature separate gluteus maximus from starting point, and gluteus medius shows gluteus minimus, pyriformis, sciatic nerve, hipbone.
Further, Head And Face elongates 3 centimetres and is formed with stainless steel adapting piece;Hand and foot elongate 5 centimetres and are used in combination
Stainless steel adapting piece sizing, every piece of musculature are being formed from 3 centimeters of bone with stainless steel adapting piece;Chest, abdomen and basin
Portion or so pulls open 5 centimetres up and down and is formed with stainless steel adapting piece.
Further, small intestine, large intestine and bladder are placed by normal position, and distance or so between intestinal tube pulls open 2 centimetres up and down
It puts and fixes sizing with organic glass.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only the embodiment of the present invention, common for this field
For technical staff, without any creative labor, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings;
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that biological plasticized sample top facial parts are combined in human body separation of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that upper limb part on biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation.
In figure:1- Head And Face, 2- connector, 3- upper limb.
Specific embodiment
In order to keep technical purpose of the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specifically
Embodiment is further illustrated technical solution of the present invention.
The specific embodiment of the production method of biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation of the invention, includes the following steps:
1. selection:Skin is selected to complete, no wound, no fracture, the human body specimen of no lesion.
2. preservative treatment:Sample is irrigated with the formalin of 15%-20%, by big blood vessel, (femoral artery, neck are total
Artery) each position that formalin is penetrated into sample, venous perfusion silica gel pigment of taking action of going forward side by side, arterial perfusion red dye,
Venous perfusion indigo plant dyestuff is finally put into 10% formalin-fixed liquid and impregnates 3 months for use.
3.1 dissection:Sample is made according to anatomical requirements, skin median sagittal is cut, and removes skin fascia superficialis, right side exists
Shallow-layer vein, artery are found out under fascia superficialis, then nerve removes deep fascia and shows musculature, left side is removed fascia superficialis and shown
Shallow artery is found out under muscle vascular nerve fascia superficialis, nerve removes deep fascia and shows musculature.
3.2 drifting:It is drifted 2-3 days having dissected sample and being placed in 10% hydrogen peroxide, until sample tissue color bleaches i.e.
It can.
4. dewatering and defatting:The biological sample bleached was put into acetone by 80-90 days, moisture and fat displacement are done
Only.
5. vacuum impregnation:Pass through 60-70 days in vacuum pressure storehouse, is displaced in sample tissue by squeezing liquid silica gel
Acetone.
6. chorista:The sample that dipping is completed is taken out from silica gel, 1) Head And Face, it is separated at atlas, flesh
Meat tissue median sagittal is cut, and facial muscles nervus vasculairs tissue is integrally removed in two sides, and exposure bone, skull is according to Bo Qieen cranium
Bone is divided into 23 pieces.2) upper limb separates nervus vasculairs from muscle, and musculature is separated from starting point retains end, humerus
Joint capsule separation is opened from shoulder joint.Ulna radius opens joint capsule separation in elbow joint, and hand is separated in wrist.3) under
Limb separates nervus vasculairs from muscle, and musculature is separated from starting point retains end, and femur opens pass from hip joint
Condyle separation.Shin bone fibula opens joint capsule separation at knee joint, and foot is separated in ankle.4) trunk, chest upper limb exist
At atlas, lower edge separates at arcus costarum, and centre completely separates breastbone at costal cartilage, complete to retain two frame timbers, and rib is soft
Bone.It is separately separated shoulder blade, clavicle.Abdomen pelvic part portion's median sagittal is cut, and completely retains stomach wall, shows rectus aabdominis, musculus obliquus externus abdominis,
Oblique, musculus trasversus abdomins, posterior wall of abdomen show greater psoas muscle, and musculus quadratus lumborum, pelvic part musculature is from starting point separation gluteus maximus, stern
Flesh, show gluteus minimus, pyriformis, sciatic nerve, hipbone, 5) internal organ by normal position fixation put.
7. sizing:According to sample shape, sample is set shape with reinforcing bar.Tool:A. electric drill, b. bit diameter 1mm,
3mm, 5mm, 8mm and 10mm, each 10, c. stainless steel substrates, long 50cm, width 1cm, thickness 0.2cm, 2, long 30cm, width 5cm, thickness
0.1cm, 6, long 20cm, width 3cm, thickness 0.1cm, 10.D. diameter 3mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm and 12mm, long 300cm
Stainless muscle, each 3.E. long 120cm, wide 80cm, one piece of steel plate of thickness 1cm, f. diameter 12mm 6, screw, diameter 1mm screw one
Packet, g. welding machine are a set of.
1) Head And Face is formed with stainless steel substrates by normal portions installation, in order to clear view Head And Face deep structure shallow-layer
3 centimetres are pulled open by normal tissue site;2) arm and forearm, hand are elongated 5 centimetres in normal organization ratio by upper limb
Sizing, in order to clearly show that every piece of musculature of musculature quantity morphosis is formed from 3 centimeters of bone;3) lower limb handle
Huckle and calf, foot elongates 5 centimetres in normal organization ratio and is formed with stainless reinforcing bar, in order to clearly show that muscle
Tissue every piece of musculature of quantity morphosis is formed from the stainless reinforcing bar of 3 centimeters of bone;4) trunk:Chest, abdomen,
Pelvic part is in order to clearly show that internal organs, according to normal organization or so, pulls open 5 centimetres up and down and is formed with stainless reinforcing bar;5) internal organ:
Tongue larynx cardiopulmonary liver stomach kidney is put by normal organization, and for clear view small intestine, large intestine, bladder, morphosis is according to normal
Distance or so between institutional framework intestinal tube is pulled open 2 centimetres up and down and is put and fixes sizing with organic glass.
8. repairing:Musculature nervus vasculairs are repaired clean smooth.
9. solidification:Solidification 10-15 days is carried out with curing agent biological sample is made.
10. finishing:It is after solidification, silica gel extra behind sample and the finishing of the musculature of out-of-flatness is clean, neat.
11. combination resets:Head And Face, upper limb, lower limb, chest, abdomen, pelvic part, internal organ are connected to one with stainless reinforcing bar
It rises, free nervus vasculairs reset on origin-location, that is, complete the production of sample;Sample entire combination can reach well 3 meters of height, give
A kind of visual impact of shock of people.
Compared with prior art, on the basis of human body is plasticized sample, first sample is separated, separated part presses normal tissue
Structure is elongated, then will partially be combined with connector, can intuitively show in this way tissue position and peripheral nerve and
The distribution of blood vessel, the morphosis of muscle clearly show that tissue morphosis, positional relationship and title quantity, side
Just teachers ' teaching and student's study, sample is non-toxic and tasteless, is convenient for long-term preservation.
In other embodiments, Head And Face isolation, upper limb isolation, lower limb isolation and torso portion are decomposed
Elongating distance between mode and decomposition unit point can be adjusted according to actual needs.In addition connector can also use plastic part,
Plastic part can be set to integrated formed structure, be mounted on each decomposition part is corresponding on connector when installation.
The embodiment of biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation of the invention, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, including head part
Part 3 is decomposed in solution part 1, upper limb, lower limb decompose part, trunk decomposes part and internal organ, internal organ are fixed on normal position;Head
Part solution part elongates 3 centimetres by normal organization and is formed by stainless steel adapting piece 2, and hand and foot press normal tissue knot
Structure ratio elongate 5 centimetres and by being formed with stainless steel adapting piece, every piece of musculature connecting from 3 centimeters of bone with stainless steel
Part sizing;Chest, abdomen and pelvic part pull open 5 centimetres according to normal organization or so, up and down and are formed by stainless steel adapting piece.
Small intestine, large intestine and bladder according to distance or so between normal organization intestinal tube, pull open 2 centimetres respectively up and down and put and by organic
The fixed sizing of glass.
It should be noted last that:Technical solution of the present invention that the above embodiments are only illustrative and not limiting is any right
The equivalent replacement and do not depart from the modification of spirit and scope of the invention or locally replace that the present invention carries out, should all cover in this hair
Within bright protective scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation, it is characterised in that:Including Head And Face decompose part, upper limb decompose part, under
Limb decomposes part, trunk decomposes and partially elongates placement with internal organ, each part of decomposing by normal tissue spacing and connected by connector,
Internal organ are fixed on normal position.
2. biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Head And Face decomposes part and presses
Normal organization elongates 3 centimetres and is fixed by stainless steel adapting piece, and hand and foot press normal organization and elongate 5 centimetres simultaneously
By being fixed with stainless steel adapting piece, every piece of musculature fixed from 3 centimeters of bone with stainless steel adapting piece;Chest, abdomen
5 centimetres are pulled open according to normal organization or so, up and down with pelvic part and are fixed by stainless steel adapting piece.
3. biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Small intestine, large intestine and bladder
It is placed according to normal tissue, distance or so between intestinal tube pulls open 2 centimetres up and down and puts and be formed by organic glass is fixed.
4. the production method that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation, including selection, preservative treatment, dissection, bleaching, dehydration are de-
Rouge, vacuum impregnation, sizing, reparation, solidification, it is characterised in that:It is decomposed after vacuum impregnation, the sample that dipping is completed is from silicon
It is taken out in glue, Head And Face, upper limb, lower limb and trunk is resolved into multiple portions;It is carried out shaping after the completion of decomposing, by each decomposition
Part is placed by normal tissue, spacing is elongated between each decomposition unit point, then is connected and fixed with connector by part is decomposed, and internal organ are pressed
Normal position is put, and is repaired, is solidified again after the completion of connection.
5. the production method that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Decompose head
It being separated at atlas when facial, musculature median sagittal is cut, and facial muscles nervus vasculairs tissue is integrally removed in two sides,
Exposure bone, skull are divided into 23 pieces according to Bo Qieen skull.
6. the production method that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:In decomposition
Nervus vasculairs are separated from muscle when limb, musculature is separated from starting point retains end, and humerus is opened from shoulder joint
Joint capsule separation;Ulna radius opens joint capsule separation in elbow joint, and hand is separated in wrist.
7. the production method that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Under decomposition
Nervus vasculairs are separated from muscle when limb, musculature is separated from starting point retains end, and femur is opened from hip joint
Joint capsule separation;Shin bone fibula opens joint capsule separation at knee joint, and foot is separated in ankle.
8. the production method that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Decompose body
When cadre, at atlas, lower edge separates chest upper limb at arcus costarum, and centre completely separates breastbone at costal cartilage, completely
Retain two frame timbers, costal cartilage;It is separately separated shoulder blade, clavicle;Abdomen pelvic part portion's median sagittal is cut, and completely retains stomach wall, is shown
Show rectus aabdominis, musculus obliquus externus abdominis, oblique, musculus trasversus abdomins, posterior wall of abdomen shows greater psoas muscle, musculus quadratus lumborum, and pelvic part musculature is from starting
End separation gluteus maximus, gluteus medius show gluteus minimus, pyriformis, sciatic nerve, hipbone.
9. the production method that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Head And Face
It elongates 3 centimetres and is formed with stainless steel adapting piece;Hand and foot elongate 5 centimetres and are formed with stainless steel adapting piece, every piece of flesh
Meat tissue is being formed from 3 centimeters of bone with stainless steel adapting piece;Chest, abdomen and pelvic part or so pull open 5 centimetres up and down and are used in combination
Stainless steel adapting piece sizing.
10. the production method that biological plasticized sample is combined in human body separation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Small intestine,
Large intestine and bladder are placed by normal position, distance or so between intestinal tube, pull open 2 centimetres up and down and put and fixed with organic glass it is fixed
Type.
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Cited By (3)
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CN110867118A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-06 | 河南中博科技有限公司 | Plasticized specimen for position relation of spinal cord and intervertebral disc and manufacturing method thereof |
CN110992804A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-10 | 河南中博科技有限公司 | 3D printing method for physical specimen |
CN112164295A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-01 | 河南中博科技有限公司 | Preparation method of specimen for human cerebrovascular interventional operation |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |