CN105047056A - Airway simulation, organ and nerve block puncture simulation human body training model - Google Patents
Airway simulation, organ and nerve block puncture simulation human body training model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an airway simulation, organ and nerve block puncture simulation human body training model which belongs to the field of medical devices. The model comprises a head part (1) composed of an eye nose part, an oral cavity part and a skull part, a neck part composed of a neck front part and a neck back part, a chest part (2) composed of a clavicle part, a chest front part, a thoracic vertebra part and a chest back part, an abdomen part which is located on the lower end of the chest part and is composed of upper, middle and lower abdomen parts, a pelvis part and a lumbosacral part, two upper limb parts (3) composed of a shoulder part, humerus parts, elbow parts, radius and ulna parts, wrist parts and hand parts, and two lower limb parts (4) composed of a groin area, hip parts, femoral parts, popliteal fossa parts, tibia and fibula parts, ankle parts and foot parts. The model can be effectively used for clinical simulation exercises, can be used for simulation puncture before the clinical treatment of a true patient, and has the advantages of convenient teaching and good use effect. Suffering of the patient can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial human body model, the simulated humanbody training pattern of particularly a kind of air flue simulation, internal organs and nerve block puncture, belongs to medical instruments field.
Background technology
In medicinal and medical teaching, laryngeal mask/trachea cannula implantation, organ puncture, nerve block puncture etc. are conventional meanses, and above-mentioned technology is very important for rescue patient vitals, medico's teaching.Clinical, the skilled grasp of aforesaid operations can reduce patient suffering, saves patient vitals in time.In clinic, the model of aforesaid operations, for medico or the skilled rapidly clinical puncture technical ability of grasp of junior doctors, shortens school-clinical gap, better realizes authentic teaching use very big.
In current aforesaid operations and clinic thereof, there is following problem:
(1) the tracheae realistic model on existing market is many by abroad producing, and by Mold Making, specification is fixed, poor specificity; And traditional manufacturing technique need experience the operation such as molding, molten slurry, injection molding, polishing when making complex-shaped foundry goods, last longer, make efficiency is low, and wherein Mold Making process is particularly complicated, seriously consuming time.
(2) existing realistic model structure is very unreasonable, fixed mode difficult airway (as limited in Cervical Malformation, mouth opening etc.), difficult internal organs or neural puncture (fat, internal organ or neurotomy variation) special circumstances can only be simulated, not by personalized realistic model, reach the conveniently authentic object done simulated exercises.
(3) existing realistic model structure is fixed, and can not arbitrarily change, and when a part in model is damaged, model cannot keep in repair, and can only discard, and causes product service efficiency greatly to reduce, and medicine equipment cost increases.
(4) existing analog simulation model many employings opaque plastic is made, and model is visual poor, cannot the intubate situation of clear view model inside, especially has a strong impact on teaching efficiency when teaching; Existing analog simulation model adopts nontransparent material, or model penetrability/feel and real human body histological difference are comparatively large, can not be used for the Visual Teachings such as optical wand insertion.
(5) existing analog simulation model is not equipped with corresponding puncture needle, as situations such as ob esity, tissue or organ swelling, cannot carry out simulation puncture on the manikin of real time modelling anatomical variation; Cannot the anatomical variation of real time modelling clinical patient.
(6) existing clinical puncture, cannot puncture in advance, even if exper ienced doctor with long years of standing and rich experience carries out puncturing also can there is operation failure possibility, increases patient suffering.
(7) there are more air, model material and real human body difference too large in the middle of existing material, stop that ultrasound wave passes through, the teaching of ultrasonic guidance trachea cannula can not be used for.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the invention provides the simulated humanbody training pattern that the simulation of a kind of air flue, internal organs and nerve block puncture, clinical simulation exercise can be effective to, also can be used in the simulation puncture before the treatment of clinical actual patient simultaneously, convenient teaching and minimizing patient suffering, result of use is good.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides the simulation of a kind of air flue, the simulated humanbody training pattern of internal organs and nerve block puncture, this model comprises by eye nose, oral cavity portion, the head of skull portion composition, by throat portion, the neck of nape composition, by clavicle portion, chest, thoracic vertebrae portion, the chest of chest rear portion composition, be positioned at the belly of chest lower end, belly is by upper, middle and lower belly, pelvic cavity portion, lumbosacral spine portion forms, by shoulder, humerus portion, ancon, ulna and radius portion, two upper limbs portions of wrist and hand composition, and by iliac region, buttocks, femur portion, popliteal nest portion, tibiofibula portion, two lower limb portions of ankle portion and foot composition,
Described head is arranged on neck, head by neck detachable be arranged on chest upper end, belly is arranged on the lower end of chest, and what described upper limbs portion was detachable is arranged on chest both sides, the downside being arranged on belly that described lower limb portion is detachable;
Be provided with pleural cavity, cavum pericardiale, cavum peritoneale, liver kidney, epidural space and the cavum subarachnoidale that can simulate puncture in thorax abdomen, the side be connected with upper limbs portion, lower limb portion respectively in described chest is provided with nerve cord and branch, Substance P local bone tissue and surperficial soft tissue thereof and nervous system; Described nerve comprises cranial nerve, Carotid-cavernous fistulae, stellate ganglion, brachial plexus nerve, intercostal nerve, femoral nerve, sciatic nerve, spinal nerve, chest/waist sympathetic nerve, dorsal root ganglion, nervus cutaneus;
Substance P, internal viscera, local bone tissue and surperficial soft tissue thereof in head in this model, neck, chest, belly, iliac region, buttocks, perineum, upper limbs and hand, lower limb and foot form by module assembled, described module is detachable, and module adopts transparent material or transparent materials;
Described upper mandibular and surperficial soft tissue thereof comprise removable nasal cavity portion, oral cavity portion, and described nasal cavity portion, oral cavity portion and the skull portion be fixed on head coordinate, the assembling of implementation model head;
Described neck comprises removable bottleneck throat, and bottleneck throat is arranged between head and chest, for connection header and chest;
Described skull portion, nasal cavity portion, oral cavity portion and bottleneck throat are made by resilient material, by real time modelling patient airway Systematic anatomy variation situation, print preparation by 3-D scanning and 3D and there is flexible nasal cavity portion, oral cavity portion, bottleneck throat, nasal cavity portion coordinates skull portion to be assembled into the model of patients head with oral cavity portion, then by bottleneck throat being assembled in the connection realizing head and chest between oral cavity portion and chest;
Described belly comprises removable upper abdomen, midriff, lower abdomen, lumbosacral spine portion, and belly is arranged between chest and lower limb portion, for connecting chest and lower limb portion;
Described upper limbs portion comprises shoulder, humerus portion, ancon, ulna and radius portion, wrist and hand;
Described lower limb portion comprises pars inguinalis, buttocks, femur Bu, popliteal nest portion, tibiofibula portion, ankle and foot.
As improvement of the present invention, temporomandibular joint, head vertebra, thoracic vertebrae, lumbosacral spine is also comprised in described model, joint is adopted to be connected between described vertebra, flexibility is identical with human body, for regulating mouth opening between head, neck, chest, belly, the curvature in lower limb portion and upperlip.
As improvement of the present invention, this model also comprises the puncture needle for puncturing, and described puncture needle coordinates with Substance P, local internal organs and surperficial soft tissue thereof, and described puncture needle is the puncture needle of applicable site of puncture special shape.
As improvement of the present invention, described puncture needle is the one of traditional puncture needle, ultrasonic puncture pin, memorial alloy puncture needle.
As improvement of the present invention, this model also comprises the current loop system coordinated with puncture needle, this current loop system comprises puncture needle internal circuit, is positioned at the backshank pilot lamp of puncture needle end, surface near the puncture blood vessel of target, internal organ, neural puncture target spot is with metallic coating, after the contacting metal coating of puncture needle front end, circuit ON, electric current is via puncture needle internal circuit, return backshank pilot lamp, the bright expression puncture of pilot lamp puts in place; When pilot lamp does not work, representing does not puncture puts in place.
As improvement of the present invention, organizing in described model is moisture, air content is all identical with normal human tissue, is convenient to ultrasound wave and obtains the communication effect identical with tissue.
As improvement of the present invention, described model adopts real-time three-dimensional to print and makes.
As improvement of the present invention, described module is all detachable, module by skin and sub-dermal soft tissue, adjoin neural blood vessel, internal organs, supporting construction form, module adopts transparent material or the material close with human body skin color, facilitates Visual Teaching.
Compared with existing traditional realistic model, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the simulated humanbody training pattern that air flue simulation of the present invention, internal organs and nerve block puncture can effectively shorten grinding tool Production Time, improves the precision of model.
(2) in this model, each module all can be random, for convenience detach, repair and replacement are simple, when a part in model is damaged, can change in time, avoid scrapping of whole model, significantly reduce the maintenance of model, use cost, effectively increase service efficiency and the service property (quality) of model, ensure that carrying out smoothly of simulated operation.
(3) in model, module is detachable, print in conjunction with 3-D scanning and 3D, can the anatomical variation situation such as real time modelling patient airway, internal organs, surperficial soft tissue, nerve, blood vessel, really accomplish simulation training and pre-puncture, improve the operation accuracy of medical personnel, both effectively shortened simulation training learning time, the misoperation regard occurred in actual medical procedure generation that is outer, even death condition can be reduced simultaneously.
(4) in model, between module, flexibility can arbitrarily adjust, guarantee to meet human body curvature, reach the object of authentic simulates real human physiology degree of crook easily and efficiently, effectively improve the precision of simulation training further, ensure that carrying out smoothly of medical care precess.
(5) each removable module all adopts transparent plastic to make, and model penetrability/feel is organized similar with real human body, can be used for the Visual Teachings such as optical wand insertion, and visual good, intuitive is strong.
(6) adopt 3D print emulation tissue, dense structure, without obvious gassiness lacuna, can allow ultrasound wave pass through, and can be used for the teaching of ultrasonic guidance trachea cannula, improves quality of instruction and efficiency of teaching.
(7) according to patient's actual conditions, printed in conjunction with 3D by 3-D scanning, guarantee can be simulated by model to find best puncture path, and puncture in advance on real time modelling model, not only can find best puncture path, predict the puncture difficulty that may run in advance by exercise in advance, and the situation because the not familiar patient suffering of causing of operator's technology increases can be avoided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial sectional view of head model in the present invention;
In figure: 1, head, 1.1, skull portion, 1.2, nasal cavity portion, 1.3, oral cavity portion, 1.4, bottleneck throat, 1.5, head vertebra, 2, chest, 3, upper limbs portion, 4, lower limb portion.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below by accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.But should be appreciated that, specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not limited to scope of the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of air flue simulation, the simulated humanbody training pattern of internal organs and nerve block puncture, this model comprises by eye nose, oral cavity portion, the head 1 of skull portion composition, by throat portion, the neck of nape composition, by clavicle portion, chest, thoracic vertebrae portion, the chest 2 of chest rear portion composition, be positioned at the belly of chest 2 lower end, by upper, middle and lower belly, pelvic cavity portion, lumbosacral spine portion forms, by shoulder, humerus portion, ancon, ulna and radius portion, two upper limbs portions 3 of wrist and hand composition, and by iliac region, buttocks, femur portion, popliteal nest portion, tibiofibula portion, two lower limb portions 4 of ankle portion and foot composition,
Described head 1 is arranged on neck, head 1 by neck detachable be arranged on chest 2 upper end, belly is arranged on the lower end of chest 2, and what described upper limbs portion 3 was detachable is arranged on chest 2 both sides, the downside being arranged on belly that described lower limb portion 4 is detachable;
Be provided with pleural cavity, cavum pericardiale, cavum peritoneale, liver kidney, epidural space and the cavum subarachnoidale that can simulate puncture in described thorax abdomen, the side be connected with upper limbs portion 3, lower limb portion 4 respectively in described chest 2 is provided with nerve cord and branch, Substance P local bone tissue and surperficial soft tissue thereof and nervous system; Described nerve comprises cranial nerve, Carotid-cavernous fistulae, stellate ganglion, brachial plexus nerve, intercostal nerve, femoral nerve, sciatic nerve, spinal nerve, chest/waist sympathetic nerve, dorsal root ganglion, nervus cutaneus;
Substance P, internal viscera, local bone tissue and surperficial soft tissue thereof in head 1 in this model, neck, chest 2, belly, iliac region, buttocks, perineum, upper limbs and hand, lower limb and foot form by module assembled, described module is detachable, and module adopts transparent material or transparent materials;
Described upper mandibular and surperficial soft tissue thereof comprise removable nasal cavity portion 1.2, oral cavity portion 1.3, and described nasal cavity portion 1.2, oral cavity portion 1.3 and the skull portion 1.1 be fixed on head 1 coordinate, the assembling of implementation model head 1;
Described neck comprises removable bottleneck throat 1.4, and bottleneck throat 1.4 is arranged between head 1 and chest 2, for connection header 1 and chest 2;
Described skull portion 1.1, nasal cavity portion 1.2, oral cavity portion 1.3 and bottleneck throat 1.4 are made by resilient material, by real time modelling patient airway Systematic anatomy variation situation, print preparation by 3-D scanning and 3D and there is flexible nasal cavity portion 1.2, oral cavity portion 1.3, bottleneck throat 1.4, nasal cavity portion 1.2 coordinates skull portion 1.1 to be assembled into the model of patients head 1 with oral cavity portion 1.3, then by bottleneck throat 1.4 being assembled in the connection realizing head 1 and chest 2 between oral cavity portion 1.3 and chest 2;
Described belly comprises removable upper abdomen, midriff, lower abdomen, lumbosacral spine portion, is arranged between chest 2 and lower limb portion 4, for connecting chest 2 and lower limb portion 4;
Described upper limbs portion 3 comprises shoulder, humerus portion, ancon, ulna and radius portion, wrist and hand;
Described lower limb portion 4 comprises pars inguinalis, buttocks, femur Bu, popliteal nest portion, tibiofibula portion, ankle and foot.
As the further improvement of embodiment, temporomandibular joint, head vertebra 1.5, thoracic vertebrae, lumbosacral spine is also comprised in described model, joint is adopted to be connected between described vertebra, flexibility is identical with human body, for regulating mouth opening between head 1, neck, chest 2, belly, the curvature in lower limb portion 4 and upperlip, make this model closer to organization of human body, improve the fidelity of model, ensure that quality and the efficiency of simulation training.
As the further improvement of embodiment, also comprise the puncture needle for puncturing, described puncture needle coordinates with Substance P, local internal organs and surperficial soft tissue thereof, described puncture needle is the puncture needle of applicable site of puncture shape, described puncture needle is the one of traditional puncture needle, ultrasonic puncture pin, memorial alloy puncture needle, result of use is good, and puncture training is more convenient.
As the further improvement of embodiment, this model also comprises the current loop system coordinated with puncture needle, this current loop system comprises puncture needle internal circuit, is positioned at the backshank pilot lamp of puncture needle end, surface near the puncture blood vessel of target, internal organ, neural puncture target spot is with metallic coating, after the contacting metal coating of puncture needle front end, circuit ON, electric current is via puncture needle internal circuit, return backshank pilot lamp, the bright expression puncture of pilot lamp puts in place; When pilot lamp does not work, representing does not puncture puts in place.
As the further improvement of embodiment, organizing in described model is moisture, air content is all identical with normal human tissue, is convenient to ultrasound wave and obtains the communication effect identical with tissue.
As the further improvement of embodiment, described model adopts real-time three-dimensional to print and makes, and real time modelling can make patient's truths such as rhinostegnosis, oral cavity blocking, tracheae blocking, neck enlargement, nerve or internal organs heteroplasia, obesity.
As the further improvement of embodiment, described module is all detachable, module by skin and sub-dermal soft tissue, adjoin neural blood vessel, internal organs, supporting construction form, module adopts transparent material or the material close with human body skin color, facilitates Visual Teaching.
The method for making of model of the present invention comprises: 1. carry out 3-D scanning by CT scanner to patient airway system, obtains the data needed for three-dimensional reconstruction of patient airway system, target nerve blood vessel, internal organ etc.;
2. by Computer Simulation Software, the data of the patient airway system of acquisition, target nerve blood vessel, internal organ are carried out three-dimensional modeling, may special circumstances be run in the process simulation operating process inputted by Computer Simulation Software, build the virtual puncturing pattern of personalized complete air ducting system, target nerve blood vessel, internal organ;
3. in three Dimensional Printing of Rapid Prototyping machine, add application polylactide (polylacticacid respectively, PLA), networking is communicated with above computer and three Dimensional Printing of Rapid Prototyping machine, according to virtual three-dimensional model printing shaping air ducting system, target nerve blood vessel, internal organ module;
4. print module is assembled into complete human body's structure, for simulated teaching.
In use, adopt the instruments such as air flue instrument, puncture needle for nerve block, internal organ puncture needle in insertion process, concrete using method is as follows: print module is assembled into corresponding modular organization for this model; Prepare to adopt the instruments such as air flue instrument, puncture needle for nerve block, internal organ puncture needle in insertion process; Under ultrasonic aid such as grade guides, implant air flue instrument, puncture needle for nerve block, internal organ puncture needle etc.; By the transparent module of diverse location on model, monitoring in real time carries out situation with observation intubate, effectively ensures that intubate is carried out smoothly; After implanting corresponding tool, pilot lamp is lighted, complete operation.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement or improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an air flue simulation, the simulated humanbody training pattern of internal organs and nerve block puncture, it is characterized in that, this model comprises by eye nose, oral cavity portion, the head (1) of skull portion composition, by throat portion, the neck of nape composition, by clavicle portion, chest, thoracic vertebrae portion, the chest (2) of chest rear portion composition, be positioned at the belly of chest (2) lower end, belly is by upper, middle and lower belly, pelvic cavity portion, lumbosacral spine portion forms, by shoulder, humerus portion, ancon, ulna and radius portion, two upper limbs portions (3) of wrist and hand composition, and by iliac region, buttocks, femur portion, popliteal nest portion, tibiofibula portion, two lower limb portions (4) of ankle portion and foot composition,
Described head (1) is arranged on neck, head (1) by neck detachable be arranged on chest (2) upper end, belly is arranged on the lower end of chest (2), what described upper limbs portion (3) was detachable is arranged on chest (2) both sides, the downside being arranged on belly that described lower limb portion (4) is detachable;
Be provided with pleural cavity, cavum pericardiale, cavum peritoneale, liver kidney, epidural space and the cavum subarachnoidale that can simulate puncture in thorax abdomen, the side be connected with upper limbs portion (3), lower limb portion (4) respectively in described chest (2) is provided with nerve cord and branch, Substance P local bone tissue and surperficial soft tissue thereof and nervous system; Described nerve comprises cranial nerve, Carotid-cavernous fistulae, stellate ganglion, brachial plexus nerve, intercostal nerve, femoral nerve, sciatic nerve, spinal nerve, chest/waist sympathetic nerve, dorsal root ganglion, nervus cutaneus;
Substance P, internal viscera, local bone tissue and surperficial soft tissue thereof in head (1) in this model, neck, chest (2), belly, iliac region, buttocks, perineum, upper limbs and hand, lower limb and foot form by module assembled, described module is detachable, and module adopts transparent material or transparent materials;
Described upper mandibular and surperficial soft tissue thereof comprise removable nasal cavity portion (1.2), oral cavity portion (1.3), described nasal cavity portion (1.2), oral cavity portion (1.3) and the skull portion (1.1) be fixed on head (1) coordinate, the assembling of implementation model head (1);
Described neck comprises removable bottleneck throat (1.4), and bottleneck throat (1.4) is arranged between head (1) and chest (2), for connection header (1) and chest (2);
Described skull portion (1.1), nasal cavity portion (1.2), oral cavity portion (1.3) and bottleneck throat (1.4) are made by resilient material, by real time modelling patient airway Systematic anatomy variation situation, print preparation by 3-D scanning and 3D and there is flexible nasal cavity portion (1.2), oral cavity portion (1.3), bottleneck throat (1.4), nasal cavity portion (1.2) coordinates skull portion (1.1) to be assembled into the model of patients head (1) with oral cavity portion (1.3), again by bottleneck throat (1.4) being assembled in the connection realizing head (1) and chest (2) between oral cavity portion (1.3) and chest (2),
Described belly comprises removable upper abdomen, midriff, lower abdomen, lumbosacral spine portion, and belly is arranged between chest (2) and lower limb portion (4), for connecting chest (2) and lower limb portion (4);
Described upper limbs portion (3) comprises shoulder, humerus portion, ancon, ulna and radius portion, wrist and hand;
Described lower limb portion (4) comprises pars inguinalis, buttocks, femur Bu, popliteal nest portion, tibiofibula portion, ankle and foot.
2. the simulated humanbody training pattern of a kind of air flue simulation according to claim 1, internal organs and nerve block puncture, it is characterized in that, temporomandibular joint, head vertebra (1.5), thoracic vertebrae, lumbosacral spine is also comprised in described model, joint is adopted to be connected between described vertebra, flexibility is identical with human body, for regulating mouth opening between head (1), neck, chest (2), belly, the curvature of lower limb portion (4) and upperlip.
3. the simulated humanbody training pattern of a kind of air flue simulation according to claim 1, internal organs and nerve block puncture, it is characterized in that, also comprise the puncture needle for puncturing, described puncture needle coordinates with Substance P, local internal organs and surperficial soft tissue thereof, and described puncture needle is the puncture needle of applicable site of puncture special shape.
4. the simulated humanbody training pattern of a kind of air flue simulation according to claim 3, internal organs and nerve block puncture, it is characterized in that, described puncture needle is the one of traditional puncture needle, ultrasonic puncture pin, memorial alloy puncture needle.
5. the simulated humanbody training pattern that a kind of air flue simulation according to claim 3 or 4, internal organs and nerve block puncture, it is characterized in that, this model also comprises the current loop system coordinated with puncture needle, this current loop system comprises puncture needle internal circuit, is positioned at the backshank pilot lamp of puncture needle end, surface near the puncture blood vessel of target, internal organ, neural puncture target spot is with metallic coating, after the contacting metal coating of puncture needle front end, circuit ON, electric current is via puncture needle internal circuit, return backshank pilot lamp, the bright expression puncture of pilot lamp puts in place; When pilot lamp does not work, representing does not puncture puts in place.
6. the simulated humanbody training pattern of a kind of air flue simulation according to claim 1, internal organs and nerve block puncture, is characterized in that, organizing in described model is moisture, air content is all identical with normal human tissue.
7. the simulated humanbody training pattern of a kind of air flue simulation according to claim 1, internal organs and nerve block puncture, it is characterized in that, described model adopts real-time three-dimensional to print and makes.
8. the simulated humanbody training pattern of a kind of air flue simulation according to claim 1, internal organs and nerve block puncture, it is characterized in that, described module is all detachable, module by skin and sub-dermal soft tissue, adjoin neural blood vessel, internal organs, supporting construction form, module adopts transparent material or the material close with human body skin color.
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