RU153326U1 - SIMULATOR FOR MODELING AND DEMONSTRATION OF Fractures - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A simulator for modeling and demonstrating fractures, including segments of the skeleton connected by magnets embedded in the anatomical joints of models of bones and joints, fractures made on bone models, characterized in that the simulator includes 21 anatomically accurate segments of the skeleton of an animal, while all segments made of polymeric material, magnets with poles are used for the left and right parts of the skeleton, with different poles embedded in the joints, eliminating improper connection of the parts of the skeleton, and models of ohm bones are connected into a single unit with two hinged propeller type installed on the model of broken bones before and after place pereloma.2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymeric material is a plastic mass based on polyurethane.

Description

TRAINING APPARATUS

FOR MODELING AND DEMONSTRATION OF FRACTURES

The utility model relates to veterinary medicine, or rather orthopedics, and is intended for modeling and demonstration of various types of fractures, as well as for acquiring practical skills in treating fractures with osteosynthesis methods.

The use of modern methods of osteosynthesis in orthopedics requires a highly qualified veterinarian and extensive practical experience gained over many years of practice on animals, or in a short time on simulator simulators. For an orthopedic veterinarian, this is usually the skeleton of a real animal, on which the doctor can simulate various fractures, the design of the fixation device, and the actions that must be performed during a real operation. Currently, there are no complete copies of easily collapsible, movable animal skeletons designed to simulate operations and acquire practical skills.

Today, there are many technologies for manufacturing artificial bone segments of the axial and peripheral skeleton, as well as methods of connecting the segments together. Various manufacturing options are associated with the use of 3D printing, which is an expensive undertaking, and requires special training, manual assembly of models. The resulting parts of the skeleton are connected using welding joints, or wire cerclage, or connected using glue and artificial ligaments. These designs turn out not folding and do not allow to work with each segment separately. The need for the manufacture of collapsible layouts due to 2

the task of demonstrating the methods of external and internal osteosynthesis, as well as studying the anatomy of the bone on accessible materials that exactly copy the skeleton of a mammal.

Known Demonstration model of a person (see US Pat. RF No. 2129306, IPC G09B 23/28), in which the connection of the parts of the skeleton is performed using articulated joints. The disadvantage is that it is a model of a person, not an animal.

Known anatomical model for modeling fractures (see application US 2013122478), which allows you to simulate fractures, including joints on which magnets are mounted, and bones with fractures. The disadvantage is the implementation of the model in the form of an animal skeleton.

The utility model is tasked with creating an anatomically and functionally accurate, easily collapsible skeleton of an animal that allows an orthopedic veterinarian to model various fractures and methods for treating them using extra-focal osteosynthesis.

The problem is solved in that the simulator for modeling and demonstrating fractures, including skeleton segments connected by magnets embedded in the anatomical joints of bone and joint models, fractures are performed on the models, includes 21 anatomically accurate segments of the animal’s skeleton made of polymer material, for the left and right parts of the skeleton used magnets with poles embedded in the joints by different poles, eliminating improper connection of the parts of the skeleton, and models of bone fractures are connected s in a single unit with two cardan-type joints mounted on a model of a broken bone before and after the fracture site.

Magnets are embedded in the joints of animals with different poles for the left and right parts of the skeleton, which makes it impossible to connect, for example, the joint of the left thigh to the right pelvis, etc. Thanks to magnets, the doctor can simulate the kinematics of the animal’s movements. Fractures of various localization are performed on the bones of the skeleton: fractures of the limbs and fractures of the bones of the body (bones of the skull and spine). To ensure the fixation of bones at the fracture sites, as well as their free movement when modeling actions in the treatment of a fracture, two cardan type joints attached to 3

broken bone before and after the fracture, connecting two broken parts of the bone into a single block, but at the same time, giving the opportunity to simulate the actions of a doctor in the treatment of a fracture.

To illustrate the utility model, illustrations are provided:

FIG. 1 - The right humerus (polymer model);

FIG. 2 - Separate polymer models of skeleton bones;

FIG. 3 - Joints of joints by magnets (3a - bottom view and 3b - side view): 1 -

temporomandibular joint; 2 - atlanto-excitatory joint.

FIG. 4 - Installation of the skeleton of individual polymer models.

FIG. 5 - The skeleton of an animal from the obtained models for studying external osteosynthesis, assembled on magnets (an external fixation device was assembled on the front and rear limbs).

FIG. 6 - The humerus with external fixation apparatus.

FIG. 7 - Swivel gimbal type unit connecting fragments of a fracture.

FIG. 8: FIG. 8a - displaced bone fragments with external fixation devices installed; FIG. 8b - simulated axial movement of fragments with their installation in the correct position.

For the manufacture of an anatomically exact copy with the connection of the segments of the skeleton and individual bones using magnets that provide equivalent mechanical properties, proceed as follows. From the animal’s corpse, after complete preparation and processing of the bone, individual bones of the original skeleton are obtained. The resulting individual bone is poured into a special silicone mass to obtain a bone impression. A polyurethane-based plastic mass is poured into the resulting matrix and, after solidification, an exact copy of the bone is obtained (Fig. 1). Similarly receive all the necessary bones and fragments of the skeleton (Fig. 2). At the anatomical points of the junction of bones and joints, magnets are attached and individual bones are connected (Fig. 3.). Typical fractures are performed on mock limb bones. To ensure the fixation of bones at the fracture sites, as well as their free movement when modeling actions in the treatment of a fracture, two cardan joints are used that are attached to the broken bone before and after the fracture, connecting two broken parts of the bone. To form a whole skeleton 4

connect all the bones (Fig. 5). To study the multi-plane position of a limb fracture, a multi-axis (articulated) fixator of simulated bone fragments is used (Fig. 8). In this case, the bone can be both separately and connected using magnets.

When working on the proposed skeleton simulator, the doctor can simulate all types of fractures and their treatment with all types of osteosynthesis, and especially extrafocal. It is extra focal osteosynthesis, the most promising of all types of osteosynthesis, that requires a highly qualified veterinarian and requires a different training system - the practice on simulator simulators.

So, for example, using the Vosys-Optima veterinary orthopedic system and an anatomically accurate copy of the animal in the form of the proposed simulator, the orthopedic veterinarian has the ability to simulate the course of the operation and select the optimal connection of supporting structures (Fig. 6). He gets the opportunity to study how the animal will move with the apparatus of the Vosys-Optima system and, if necessary, change the location of the structures for better fixation and ensure free movement of the limbs of the animal (Fig. 8). Using the simulator will help doctors gain rich practical experience in treating various fractures and injuries while still studying and reduce the risk of injuries on the operating table.

Claims (2)

1. A simulator for modeling and demonstrating fractures, including segments of the skeleton connected by magnets embedded in the anatomical joints of models of bones and joints, fractures made on bone models, characterized in that the simulator includes 21 anatomically accurate segments of the skeleton of an animal, while all segments made of polymeric material, magnets with poles are used for the left and right parts of the skeleton, with different poles embedded in the joints, eliminating improper connection of the parts of the skeleton, and models of ohm bones are connected into a single unit with two hinged propeller type installed on the model broken bone before and after the fracture site. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymeric material is a plastic mass based on polyurethane.

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