CN108902543A - A kind of Chinese herbal composite feed additive for treating fish sanguinicolasis - Google Patents

A kind of Chinese herbal composite feed additive for treating fish sanguinicolasis Download PDF

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CN108902543A
CN108902543A CN201810529218.4A CN201810529218A CN108902543A CN 108902543 A CN108902543 A CN 108902543A CN 201810529218 A CN201810529218 A CN 201810529218A CN 108902543 A CN108902543 A CN 108902543A
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fish
sanguinicolasis
parts
chinese herbal
root
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谢媛
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
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    • A61K36/30—Boraginaceae (Borage family), e.g. comfrey, lungwort or forget-me-not
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    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/73—Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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    • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
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    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Chinese herbal composite feed additives for treating fish sanguinicolasis.Feed addictive of the present invention is grouped as by the group of following mass percent：Longan bark 15-20%, cordate houttuynia 8-15%, argy wormwood 8-15%, azedarach 6-10%, scaly holly root 4-8%, the sub- 6-10% of Yunnan windmill, glabrous pogestemon herb 12-18%, Chinese pearleverlasting herb 6-10%, betel nut 15-20%, wild chrysanthemum 6-10%, bittersweet root 8-15%, arachniodes simpliciorOhwi 4-8%, gurgeon stopper Portugal leaf 8-15%, cliff stenosolenium root 12-18%, hairyvein agrimony 6-10%.All kinds of Chinese herbal medicine scientific compatibilities, palatability is good, can treat fish sanguinicolasis and has no toxic side effect, not can cause environmental pollution, low in cost, also has the function of antibacterial, desinsection, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and strengthen immunity.It is curative for effect to treat fish sanguinicolasis, is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

A kind of Chinese herbal composite feed additive for treating fish sanguinicolasis
Technical field
The present invention relates to feeding additive aquatic animal fields, and in particular to a kind of Chinese herbal medicine for treating fish sanguinicolasis is compound Feed addictive.
Background technique
Sanguinicolasis occupies parasitism caused by fluke (Sanguinicola) intrusion cultivation fry kind heart and blood vessel as blood Parasitosis.Worm's ovum is largely accumulated in branchiocardiac canal, causes blood vessel obstruction, leads to angiorrhoxis and necrosis.The sick fish belly of serious symptom Portion is expanded, and is full of ascites, and anus is red and swollen, there is the illnesss such as perpendicular squama, expophthalmos sometimes, and when fry falls ill, the gill cover opens, gill filament swelling. When acute infection, sick fish, which only shows, the abnormalities such as suddenly swims, spins, is dull, and dead quickly.This is a kind of circulatory system Fish disease, the fry of the fishes such as main harm grass carp, silver carp, bighead, carp, crucian and megalobrama amblycephala (blunt snout bream) and fingerling.Jiangsu, Zhejiang The provinces such as river, Fujian, Hubei were found the case of large quantities of death.Mainly in the end of spring and the beginning of summer prevalence.
Cause of disease pathogen occupies fluke there are many blood, and parasitic silver carp, bighead have Sanguinicola lungensis (Sanguinicola LungensisTang&Ling, 1972)；Parasitic megalobrama amblycephala has triangular bream blood to occupy fluke (Sanguini-cola megalobramae Lee, 1980)；Parasitic grass carp has big blood to occupy fluke (Sanguinicola mag-nus Hu, Long et Lee)；It parasitizes Carp, crucian have the lancing blood to occupy fluke (Sanguinicola armata Plehn).The body that blood occupies fluke is thin and small, trip Like leech shape when dynamic.They are characterized in that no mouth, ventral sucker, enteron aisle are leaflet shape coecum.Testis is multipair, is symmetrically arranged in worm In the middle part of body.Ovary butterfly shape is located at after testis.Vitellarium fine granularity is distributed at left and right sides of polypide.Ovum very little, slightly seemingly Triangle or orange petal shape also have a few species for ellipse.Worm's ovum is hatched in the branchiocardiac canal of fish into miracidium.Miracidium drills out blood vessel Wall falls into the water, and encounters lamnaeid or ramshorn, just pierces its respiratory cavity, enters back into liver, and eyespot disappearance becomes born of the same parents' larva of a tapeworm or the cercaria of a schistosome, the thunder larva of a tapeworm or the cercaria of a schistosome And cercaria.Cercaria leaves breechblock, swims in the water, and encounters definitive host fish, i.e., invades and be transferred in the circulatory system from body surface and send out It educates for adult.When polypide largely infects host, adult largely ovulates.Ovum is with blood flow to gill portion, and juvenile fish branchiocardiac canal is narrow, is easy Mechanicalness is caused to block.Make gill contrafluxion, gill filament swelling is in pale asphyxia, so that angiorrhoxis and necrosis.Sometimes worm's ovum blocks Renal blood vessels make kidney excretion dysfunction, and intraperitoneal moisture and urine are accumulated, and cause the swollen and perpendicular squama of ascites.When diagnosis, answer Whether there is worm's ovum using the microexamination gill and renal tract.
Previous raiser is using chemobiotic drug mostly when preventing and treating these diseases, and some raisers also use Forbidden drug not only seriously pollutes environment, also endangers the health of people.Due to being repeatedly used for a long, make pathogen to medicine Object produces drug resistance, and reduces curative effect.And the usual toxic side effect of antibiotic is larger, long-time service will affect fish health and Product quality.Chemicals be easy to cause the problem of residual in vivo, and medicament residue problem will also result in food safety It threatens.Chinese herbal medicine is pure natural substance, and the biological effective components containing there are many have sterilization, antibacterial, insecticidal action, are not likely to produce The features such as bacterial drug resistance, nontoxic, noresidue.Medicinal herbs treat fish sanguinicolasis in, have been increasingly domestic and international expert institute Concern.
Summary of the invention：
The object of the present invention is to the compound feeding of Chinese herbal medicine for developing a kind of noresidue, being not likely to produce drug resistance, having no toxic side effect Feed additives have opened up a new resolving ideas for treatment fish sanguinicolasis.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
It is a kind of to treat fish sanguinicolasis Chinese herbal composite feed additive, it is composed of the following components：Longan bark, fish raw meat Grass, argy wormwood, azedarach, scaly holly root, Yunnan windmill, glabrous pogestemon herb, Chinese pearleverlasting herb, betel nut, wild chrysanthemum, bittersweet root, long-tail Arachniodes, gurgeon stopper Portugal leaf, cliff stenosolenium root and hairyvein agrimony.
In above-mentioned feed addictive, by percentage to the quality, group is divided into：Longan bark 15-20%, cordate houttuynia 8- 15%, argy wormwood 8-15%, azedarach 6-10%, scaly holly root 4-8%, the sub- 6-10% of Yunnan windmill, glabrous pogestemon herb 12-18%, wing Stem perfume blueness 6-10%, betel nut 15-20%, wild chrysanthemum 6-10%, bittersweet root 8-15%, arachniodes simpliciorOhwi 4-8%, gurgeon stopper Pu Peach leaf 8-15%, cliff stenosolenium root 12-18%, hairyvein agrimony 6-10%.
The method of above-mentioned treatment fish sanguinicolasis Chinese herbal composite feed additive, by the raw material by pulverizing Machine crushes, all by the sieve of 200 mesh, after mixing to get feed addictive of the present invention.
The application method of above-mentioned treatment fish sanguinicolasis Chinese herbal composite feed additive, according to 0.2~0.3% weight Amount percentage is added in fish meal, is uniformly mixed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) present invention preferably longan bark, argy wormwood, azedarach, Yunnan windmill, betel nut etc. is with antibacterial disinsection efficiency Chinese herbal medicine is primary raw material, and palatability problems have been fully considered under the premise of ensuring therapeutic effect, by optimization blends, according to Additive of the present invention is added in fish meal by 0.2~0.3% weight percent, and feed palatability is good, and fish is fond of, Neng Gouqi To preferable therapeutic effect, sanguinicolasis disease incidence is significantly reduced, cultivation survival rate is improved, increases economic efficiency.
(2) for the present invention using common Chinese herbal medicine as primary raw material, China's Chinese herbal medicine resource is abundant, and raw material sources are easy.
(3) in prescription all medicine phases and, can promote appetite, antibacterial anti-inflammatory, desinsection benefit body, improve immunity of organisms and disease-resistant energy Power, the growth of accelerating fish.
(4) Chinese herbal medicine that the present invention selects has no toxic side effect, and no hormone is not easy to pollute the environment, will not influence fish Normal life, residual will not be generated in fish body, non-corrosive, use is safe, and operation is simple, low in cost, is suitable for It promotes.
Specific embodiment
It is explained further the present invention with reference to embodiments, but embodiment does not do any type of limit to the present invention It is fixed.
Embodiment 1
Weigh 15 parts of longan bark, 8 parts of cordate houttuynia, 8 parts of argy wormwood, 6 parts of azedarach, 4 parts of scaly holly root, Yunnan windmill 6 parts, 12 parts of glabrous pogestemon herb, 6 parts of Chinese pearleverlasting herb, 15 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 8 parts of bittersweet root, 4 parts of arachniodes simpliciorOhwi, gurgeon stopper 8 parts of Portugal leaf, 12 parts of cliff stenosolenium root, 6 parts of hairyvein agrimony.It is crushed by micronizer, all by the sieve of 200 mesh, mixing It is added in fish meal after uniformly according to 0.2% ratio.
Embodiment 2
Weigh 18 parts of longan bark, 10 parts of cordate houttuynia, 10 parts of argy wormwood, 8 parts of azedarach, 6 parts of scaly holly root, Yunnan windmill 8 Part, 15 parts of glabrous pogestemon herb, 8 parts of Chinese pearleverlasting herb, 18 parts of betel nut, 8 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 10 parts of bittersweet root, 6 parts of arachniodes simpliciorOhwi, 10 parts of gurgeon stopper Portugal leaf, 15 parts of cliff stenosolenium root, 8 parts of hairyvein agrimony.It is crushed by micronizer, all by the sieve of 200 mesh, It is added in fish meal according to 0.2% ratio after mixing.
Embodiment 3
Weigh 20 parts of longan bark, 15 parts of cordate houttuynia, 15 parts of argy wormwood, 10 parts of azedarach, 8 parts of scaly holly root, Yunnan windmill 10 parts, 18 parts of glabrous pogestemon herb, 10 parts of Chinese pearleverlasting herb, 20 parts of betel nut, 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 15 parts of bittersweet root, arachniodes simpliciorOhwi 8 parts, 15 parts of gurgeon stopper Portugal leaf, 18 parts of cliff stenosolenium root, 10 parts of hairyvein agrimony.It is crushed by micronizer, all by 200 mesh Sieve, after mixing according to 0.3% ratio add in fish meal.
Embodiment 4
Weigh 15 parts of longan bark, 8 parts of cordate houttuynia, 8 parts of argy wormwood, 6 parts of azedarach, 4 parts of scaly holly root, Yunnan windmill 6 parts, It is 12 parts of glabrous pogestemon herb, 6 parts of Chinese pearleverlasting herb, 15 parts of betel nut, 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 15 parts of bittersweet root, 8 parts of arachniodes simpliciorOhwi, red 15 parts of nanmu Portugal leaf, 18 parts of cliff stenosolenium root, 10 parts of hairyvein agrimony.It is crushed by micronizer, all by the sieve of 200 mesh, It is added in fish meal according to 0.3% ratio after mixing.
Embodiment 5
Weigh 18 parts of longan bark, 10 parts of cordate houttuynia, 10 parts of argy wormwood, 8 parts of azedarach, 6 parts of scaly holly root, Yunnan windmill 8 Part, 15 parts of glabrous pogestemon herb, 8 parts of Chinese pearleverlasting herb, 15 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of wild chrysanthemum, 8 parts of bittersweet root, 4 parts of arachniodes simpliciorOhwi, 8 parts of gurgeon stopper Portugal leaf, 12 parts of cliff stenosolenium root, 6 parts of hairyvein agrimony.It is crushed by micronizer, all by the sieve of 200 mesh, It is added in fish meal according to 0.3% ratio after mixing.
Fish sanguinicolasis cardinal symptom is：Parasitic disease caused by fluke intrusion cultivation fish heart and blood vessel is occupied as blood. With eye socket ponding, exophthalmos, a large amount of ponding in abdominal cavity are characterized.Worm's ovum is largely accumulated in branchiocardiac canal, causes blood vessel obstruction, is led Cause angiorrhoxis and necrosis.The sick fish belly portion of serious symptom is expanded, and is full of ascites, and anus is red and swollen, there is the diseases such as perpendicular squama, expophthalmos sometimes Disease, when fry falls ill, the gill cover opens, gill filament swelling.When acute infection, sick fish only show it is anxious swim, spin, is dull etc. it is abnormal existing As.
The raw material is passed through micronizer powder by the method for treating fish sanguinicolasis Chinese herbal composite feed additive It is broken, all by the sieve of 200 mesh, after mixing to get feed addictive of the present invention.
The application method for treating fish sanguinicolasis Chinese herbal composite feed additive, according to 0.2~0.3% weight hundred Divide ratio to be added in fish meal, is uniformly mixed, every morning 9:00 and afternoon 16:00 respectively feeds once.
Concrete application case
(1) experimental design
1. materials and methods
Using three groups of feeds of same basic formula as testing material, control group A group feed does not add Chinese herbal feed, right According to group B group group feed with 0.2% dosage add the invention patent embodiment 2 production Chinese herbal feed additive, C group feed with 0.3% dosage adds the Chinese herbal feed additive of the production of the invention patent embodiment 3.
2. test fish grouping and raising
Test select the successful fish of feeding, temporarily support 15 days after by 94.5 grams of average weight of physical strong 900 fish with It is 3 groups that machine, which is divided into, every group of 3 repetition net cages, each repetition 100, is separating net cage with cultivating in pond, is feeding institute in 1 respectively State tri- groups of feeds of A, B, C.By the 1-3% every morning 9 of fish body weight:00 and afternoon 16:00 respectively feeds once.In breeding process Dead fish item number is recorded, and records sanguinicolasis death item number.
3. test data sheet and statistical analysis
Test data indicates that each index carries out one-way analysis of variance with 18.0 software of SPSS with mean+SD, And carry out Multiple range test.
(2) result and analysis
1. influence of the Chinese herbal feed additive to fish survival rate and the sanguinicolasis death rate feeds different tests feed Terminate test after raising 10 weeks, each group test fish survival rate and sanguinicolasis mortality results are as shown in table 1.
Influence of 1 different tests of table to fish survival rate and the sanguinicolasis death rate
Note：Being compared using Duncan method, same row small letter abcd etc. is different, and letter indicates significant difference (P < 0.05), Same row, which capitalizes the different letters such as ABCD, indicates that difference is extremely significant (P < 0.01).
Although adding Chinese herbal feed additive group and control group survival rate difference not being significant, addition Chinese herbal feed adds Add two groups of the sanguinicolasis death rate of agent extremely significant lower than control group, Chinese herbal feed additive occupies fluke to treatment fish blood Disease has good therapeutic effect.
2. test of the Chinese herbal feed additive to treatment fish sanguinicolasis curative effect：Sanguinicolasis is suffered from by 180 Fish is randomly divided into 6 groups, and every group 30, grouping and processing method are shown in Table 2., start to be administered by 2 dosage of table, 5d, observation administration be used in conjunction Clinical change afterwards records the clinical symptoms and death toll of each group fish daily.
Table 2 treats the grouping of fish sanguinicolasis test fish and processing method (unit：Item)
Table 3 treats fish sanguinicolasis test of cure result (unit：Item, %)
The high, medium and low dosage group of this Chinese herbal composite feed additive is compared with infection control group as shown in Table 3, effectively Heteropolar significant (the p of rate inequality<0.01)；This Chinese herbal composite feed additive is high, middle dose group is compared with the clear treatment group of worm for fishing, Effective percentage is in significant difference (p<0.05)；The effective percentage of low dose group and the not significant (p of the clear treatment group's comparing difference of worm for fishing> 0.05).
The result shows that (from 1 table of table, 2 table 3), this Chinese herbal composite feed additive is real in treatment fish sanguinicolasis It is significant in efficacy in trampling, a new resolving ideas has been opened up for treatment fish sanguinicolasis.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of Chinese herbal composite feed additive for treating fish sanguinicolasis, it is characterised in that by as follows according to quality percentage The group of number meter is grouped as：Longan bark 15-20%, cordate houttuynia 8-15%, argy wormwood 8-15%, azedarach 6-10%, scaly holly root 4- 8%, the sub- 6-10% of Yunnan windmill, glabrous pogestemon herb 12-18%, Chinese pearleverlasting herb 6-10%, betel nut 15-20%, wild chrysanthemum 6-10%, Bittersweet root 8-15%, arachniodes simpliciorOhwi 4-8%, gurgeon stopper Portugal leaf 8-15%, cliff stenosolenium root 12-18%, hairyvein agrimony 6- 10%.
2. treating the preparation method of the Chinese herbal composite feed additive of fish sanguinicolasis described in claim 1, feature exists In by each raw material by micronizer crush, by 200 mesh screens, after mixing to get.
3. treating the application method of the Chinese herbal composite feed additive of fish sanguinicolasis described in claim 1, feature exists It adds additives in fish meal, is uniformly mixed according to the ratio of 0.2-0.3% mass percent.
CN201810529218.4A 2018-05-26 2018-05-26 A kind of Chinese herbal composite feed additive for treating fish sanguinicolasis Pending CN108902543A (en)

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Application publication date: 20181130