CN108865356A - 一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN108865356A
CN108865356A CN201810759535.5A CN201810759535A CN108865356A CN 108865356 A CN108865356 A CN 108865356A CN 201810759535 A CN201810759535 A CN 201810759535A CN 108865356 A CN108865356 A CN 108865356A
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petrol engine
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王兴民
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺，原料为：合成基础油、金属清净剂、无灰分散剂、抗氧防腐剂、纳米级多效摩擦剂、粘度指数改进剂、降凝剂；生产工艺为：将合成基础油投入反应釜中，启动搅拌，加热；依次投入降凝剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗氧防腐剂、金属清净剂、无灰分散剂，搅拌均匀；接着投入纳米级多效摩擦剂，在一定转速下保持原来温度继续搅拌；最后将搅拌后的物料抽至储存罐静置1小时，即得强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油成品。本发明生产条件易于控制，本发明的产品燃料经济性好、换油期长，并且具有优异的抗磨减摩性能和高温抗氧化性及低温流动性。

Description

一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑组合物领域，具体涉及一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺。
背景技术
随着汽车工业的迅猛发展，人们对车辆的保养要求越来越高，汽车润滑油市场的竞争亦愈演愈烈，绿色环保、高抗摩擦、节能将成为新一代汽车润滑油的发展方向，合成型润滑油也将更多的被用于发动机油的润滑保护。与矿物油相比，合成油具有优异的低温流动性，突出的抗高温氧化性和更强的抗磨损能力。合成润滑油粘度变化受温度影响很小，既能在低温条件下流动，也能在高温环境中保持适当的粘度，减少发动机磨损，延长发动机使用寿命。另外，合成型润滑油油提炼纯度高，在发动机持续高温运作下，不易被氧化分解生成油泥与积碳，换油期更长。
纳米科技的进步也给润滑油添加剂的发展带来了新的研究领域。纳米材料具有界面与表面效应、量子尺寸效应、小尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应，在摩擦表面以纳米颗粒或纳米膜的形式存在，具有良好的润滑性能和减磨性能。以纳米材料为基础制备的新型润滑材料应用于摩擦理论中，是纳米科学的一个重要研究领域之一，并将以不同于传统添加剂的作用方式起到抗磨减摩作用。传统的润滑油难以满足长时间、高温、高负荷等苛刻条件下的润滑，特别是无法实现摩擦副表面的原位动态自修复，为此急需发展新型高效能的减摩自修复延寿材料和技术。纳米材料由于其自身具有的特殊性能，对降低材料的摩擦系数、提高材料的耐磨性能和实现材料的自修复性能具有显著的作用。
中国专利CN201310588987.9公开了一种新型减磨汽机油新技术，该机油的组成包含基础油150N、350SN、石油磺酸钙、聚合铣胺、增粘剂、降融剂、复合剂。但是该专利产品的产品纯度较差，会缩减使用寿命，润滑油中加入了微氟系列引擎磨保护剂，使得汽机油产品中引入含氟化合物，会加剧大气污染，不符合当今社会的环保标准，而且产物中含杂质磷硫较多，汽机油品质较差。
因此需要发明一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺，使制得产品具有抗磨损能力强劲，低温流动性良好，抗高温氧化性突出，合成润滑油粘度变化受温度影响很小，提炼纯度高的优异性能。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺。
术语“聚a烯烃”为PAO，是四类合成基础油，从分类上应划分为合成基础油，其有别于物理蒸馏方法从石油中提炼出的矿物油基础油。聚a烯烃(PAO)是由乙烯经聚合反应制成a烯烃，再进一步经聚合及氢化而制成。
术语“PAO4”是一种低粘度PAO，为市场上常用PAO，其技术指标为：运动粘度(100℃，cst)为4.31，倾点(℃)为-43。
术语“PAO8”是一种低粘度PAO，为市场上常用PAO，其技术指标为：运动粘度(100℃，cst)为7.92，倾点(℃)为-52。
为达到以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油按下述重量份的原料制备而成：合成基础油80.0份～92.0份，金属清净剂0.6份～1.2份，无灰分散剂2.3份～6.5份，抗氧防腐剂0.7份～2.3份，纳米级多效摩擦剂0.07份～0.54份，粘度指数改进剂2.3份～5.8份，降凝剂0.3份～0.8份；其中，合成基础油为：聚α烯烃与双酯按重量比为8～28：1.9～7的比例复配而成；聚α烯烃为PAO4、PAO8中的一种或两种；双酯为多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的混合物。其中，聚α-烯烃(PAO)与双酯复配作合成(PAO)基础油，具有优异的粘温特性、高粘度指数、良好的高温抗氧化性及低温流动性，挥发损失小，可有效延长油品的时效性，同时具有一定的生物降解性，减少对环境的危害。
进一步地，金属清净剂为高碱值烷基水杨酸钙、高碱值硫化烷基酚钙中的任一种或两种。其中，添加具有优异的高、低温清净性的高碱值金属清净剂，能明显提高机油的酸中和能力有效抑制发动机中油泥和积碳的产生。
进一步地，无灰分散剂为：聚异丁烯、丁二酰亚胺中的任一种或两种。
进一步地，抗氧防腐剂为：二烷基二苯胺、伯烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌中的任一种或几种。
进一步地，纳米级多效摩擦剂为纳米硼陶瓷摩擦改进剂、纳米硼酸摩擦改进剂、纳米十六烷基硼酸钙中的任一种或几种。其中，添加纳米级多效摩擦改进剂，可与润滑油形成高强度的油膜，在高载荷情况下减少磨损，增大基础油的极压性，提高了承载能力，从而减轻磨损。
进一步地，粘度指数改进剂为：乙丙共聚物、氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯、苯乙烯聚酯、聚正丁基乙烯基醚中的任一种或几种。
进一步地，所述降凝剂为烷基萘或聚a烯烃。其中，采用烷基萘或聚a烯烃作为降凝剂，具有优良的低温分散性和流动性，以及良好的抗氧抗腐蚀性和高温清净性。
本发明的另一发明目的，在于提供一种上述强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：将所述重量份的合成基础油投入反应釜中，启动搅拌，加热至55℃～65℃，依次投入所述重量份的降凝剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗氧防腐剂、金属清净剂、无灰分散剂，在400r/min～600r/min的转速下搅拌混合均匀，投入所述重量份的纳米级多效摩擦剂，在500r/min～800r/min的转速下继续搅拌40分钟～50分钟，再抽至储存罐静置1小时，即得所述强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
1.聚α-烯烃(PAO)与双酯复配作合成(PAO)基础油，具有优异的粘温特性、高粘度指数、良好的高温抗氧化性及低温流动性，挥发损失小，有效延长油品的时效性，同时具有一定的生物降解性，减少对环境的危害；
2.添加纳米级多效摩擦改进剂，可与润滑油形成高强度的油膜，
在高载荷情况下减少磨损，增大基础油的极压性，提高了承载能力，从而减轻了磨损；
3.添加高碱值金属清净剂及高分子无灰分散剂，具有优异的高、低温清净性，能明显提高机油的酸中和能力有效抑制发动机中油泥和积碳的产生。
具体实施方式
配方1
一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，按下述重量份的原料制备而成：合成基础油80.0份，高碱值烷基水杨酸钙0.6份，聚异丁烯2.3份，伯烷基二硫代磷酸锌0.7份，纳米硼陶瓷摩擦改进剂0.07份，乙丙共聚物2.3份，烷基萘0.3份；其中，所述合成基础油为：PAO4与双酯按重量比为8：1.9的比例复配而成；双酯为多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的混合物；多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的质量比为1：1。
配方2
一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，按下述重量份的原料制备而成：合成基础油92.0份，高碱值硫化烷基酚钙1.2份，丁二酰亚胺6.5份，二烷基二苯胺0.3份，二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌2份，纳米硼酸摩擦改进剂0.2份，纳米十六烷基硼酸钙0.34份，氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯1.5份，苯乙烯聚酯2份，聚正丁基乙烯基醚2.3份，聚a烯烃0.8份；其中，所述合成基础油为：PAO8与双酯按重量比为28：7的比例复配而成；双酯为多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的混合物；多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的质量比为10：1。
配方3
一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，按下述重量份的原料制备而成：合成基础油86.0份，高碱值烷基水杨酸钙0.4份，高碱值硫化烷基酚钙0.5份，聚异丁烯2份，丁二酰亚胺2.4份，二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌1.5份，纳米硼陶瓷摩擦改进剂0.15份，纳米十六烷基硼酸钙0.16份，苯乙烯聚酯1.5份，聚正丁基乙烯基醚2.6份，烷基萘0.55份；其中，合成基础油为：PAO与双酯按重量比为18：4.5的比例复配而成；PAO为PAO4和PAO8；双酯为多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的混合物；多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的质量比为1：10。
生产工艺1
一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油的生产工艺，具体为：将所述重量份的合成基础油投入反应釜中，启动搅拌，加热至55℃，依次投入所述重量份的降凝剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗氧防腐剂、金属清净剂、无灰分散剂，在400r/min的转速下搅拌混合均匀，投入所述重量份的纳米级多效摩擦剂，在500r/min的转速下继续搅拌40分钟，再抽至储存罐静置1小时，即得所述强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
生产工艺2
一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油的生产工艺，具体为：将所述重量份的合成基础油投入反应釜中，启动搅拌，加热至65℃，依次投入所述重量份的降凝剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗氧防腐剂、金属清净剂、无灰分散剂，在600r/min的转速下搅拌混合均匀，投入所述重量份的纳米级多效摩擦剂，在800r/min的转速下继续搅拌50分钟，再抽至储存罐静置1小时，即得所述强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
生产工艺3
一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油的生产工艺，具体为：将所述重量份的合成基础油投入反应釜中，启动搅拌，加热至60℃，依次投入所述重量份的降凝剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗氧防腐剂、金属清净剂、无灰分散剂，在500r/min的转速下搅拌混合均匀，投入所述重量份的纳米级多效摩擦剂，在650r/min的转速下继续搅拌45分钟，再抽至储存罐静置1小时，即得所述强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例1
以配方1按生产工艺1制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例2
以配方1按生产工艺2制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例3
以配方1按生产工艺3制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例4
以配方2按生产工艺1制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例5
以配方2按生产工艺2制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例6
以配方2按生产工艺3制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例7
以配方3按生产工艺1制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例8
以配方3按生产工艺2制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例9
以配方3按生产工艺3制备得到一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
实施例10
一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，主要原材料及其技术指标为：1.PAO4
运动粘度(100℃，cst)：4.31；
倾点(℃)：-43；
2.PAO8
运动粘度(100℃，cst)：7.92；
倾点(℃)：-52；
3.双酯A1021
运动粘度(100℃，cst)：4.2～4.6；
粘度指数：≥135；
倾点(℃)：≤-40；
4.双酯A1022
运动粘度(100℃，cst)：18.7；
粘度指数：146；
倾点(℃)：-38；
5.高碱值烷基水杨酸钙
运动粘度(100℃，cst)：10～30；
总碱值(mgKOH/g)：不小于180；
6.高碱值硫化烷基酚钙
运动粘度(100℃，cst)：＞25；
总碱值(mgKOH/g)：不小于240；
7.聚异丁烯、丁二酰亚胺T154
碱值(mgKOH/g)：15～30；
氮含量(％)：0.8；
8.纳米硼陶瓷摩擦改进剂、纳米硼酸摩擦改进剂、纳米十六烷基硼酸钙
四球机试验P8/N≥900；
硫含量(％)≤0.5；
9.烷基萘T801
灰份(％)≤0.2；
降凝度(℃)≥12。
实验例1
将本申请实施例3制得的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，进行理化性能检测及模拟台架试验测试，其主要参数指标如下：
实验例2
将本申请实施例3制得的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，经过三辆面包车(发动机编号分别为：E4066649/E4066650/142001170)25000公里不同路况实际行车试验发现，行驶过程中，发动机噪音变小，车辆行驶平稳，极少生成油泥和积碳，换油周期延长达12000公里，平均油耗损失小于0.5L/1000公里，机油燃料消耗比小于0.5％。
本发明不局限于上述实施方式，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围之内。本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (8)

1.一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，其特征在于，所述强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油按下述重量份的原料制备而成：合成基础油80.0份～92.0份，金属清净剂0.6份～1.2份，无灰分散剂2.3份～6.5份，抗氧防腐剂0.7份～2.3份，纳米级多效摩擦剂0.07份～0.54份，粘度指数改进剂2.3份～5.8份，降凝剂0.3份～0.8份；其中，所述合成基础油为：聚α烯烃与双酯按重量比为8～28：1.9～7的比例复配而成；所述聚α烯烃为PAO4、PAO8中的一种或两种；所述双酯为多元醇酯与苯多酸酯的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，其特征在于，所述金属清净剂为高碱值烷基水杨酸钙、高碱值硫化烷基酚钙中的任一种或两种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，其特征在于，所述无灰分散剂为：聚异丁烯、丁二酰亚胺中的任一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，其特征在于，所述抗氧防腐剂为：二烷基二苯胺、伯烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌中的任一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，其特征在于，所述纳米级多效摩擦剂为纳米硼陶瓷摩擦改进剂、纳米硼酸摩擦改进剂、纳米十六烷基硼酸钙中的任一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，其特征在于，所述粘度指数改进剂为：乙丙共聚物、氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯、苯乙烯聚酯、聚正丁基乙烯基醚中的任一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油，其特征在于，所述降凝剂为烷基萘或聚a烯烃。
8.一种根据权利要求1～7中任一项所述的强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油的生产工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将所述重量份的合成基础油投入反应釜中，启动搅拌，加热至55℃～65℃，依次投入所述重量份的降凝剂、粘度指数改进剂、抗氧防腐剂、金属清净剂、无灰分散剂，在400r/min～600r/min的转速下搅拌混合均匀，投入所述重量份的纳米级多效摩擦剂，在500r/min～800r/min的转速下继续搅拌40分钟～50分钟，再抽至储存罐静置1小时，即得所述强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油。
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CN109777577B (zh) * 2019-02-25 2021-11-09 周旗 一种基于硅氧烷改性石墨烯的润滑油及其制备方法
CN113444563A (zh) * 2021-07-16 2021-09-28 福建省黑狮润滑油研究中心 一种履带式坦克用内燃机油及其制备方法
CN115975707A (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-04-18 山东京博新能源控股发展有限公司 一种超低温高原高寒发动机专用油
CN115975707B (zh) * 2022-11-25 2024-07-05 山东京博新能源控股发展有限公司 一种超低温高原高寒发动机专用油

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